Digital-analog compatible radio transceiver for aviation sonar buoys

Abstract

The invention relates to a digital-analog compatible radio transceiver for an aviation sonar buoy, belonging to the technical field of buoys. The device can be used for various types of sonar buoys with different communication systems and different transmission power requirements. Through an external sonar buoy working parameter setting device, the device can be selected to work in different transmission systems, different transmission powers, and different receiving systems. The device performs analog or digital modulation on underwater detection signals, performs power amplification, and radiates them through an antenna. The device receives wireless remote control commands through the antenna, performs analog or digital analysis on the commands, and outputs the analyzed commands. The device comprises a digital-analog compatible signal generating module (1), a power switchable amplifying module (2), a duplex matching module (3), a transmitting and receiving antenna (4), and a digital-analog compatible command receiving module (5). The invention is used to solve the problem of uplink and downlink bidirectional data communication for aviation sonar buoys, and solve the hardware compatibility problem of different communication systems for various types of sonar buoys.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of sonar buoys, and in particular relates to a digital-analog compatible radio transceiver device for an aviation sonar buoy. Background Art

[0002] Airborne sonar buoys are underwater target detection devices. Signals detected by underwater sensors must be transmitted via a radio uplink to airborne receivers and processors. Traditional sonar buoys utilize a unidirectional, frequency-division multiple access (FDMA) analog FM radio communication system. With the advancement of sonar buoy technology, sonar buoys are now required to not only transmit signals but also receive real-time remote control commands from aircraft to adjust the operating depth and pulse format of the underwater extension. Radio communication links have evolved from unidirectional to bidirectional, enabling, for example, IoT technology to enable signal reception when signal strength is high. However, buoys often operate in environments without base stations for communication. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides an aviation sonar buoy digital-analog compatible radio transceiver device to solve the problems of aviation sonar buoy uplink and downlink full-duplex communication and compatibility between analog sonar buoy and digital sonar buoy transceiver devices.

[0004] Provided is a digital-analog compatible radio transceiver for an aviation sonar buoy. The buoy includes a surface electronic cabin equipped with a main control board, which communicates with the underwater electronic cabin and includes an antenna, a digital-analog compatible signal generating module, a power switchable amplification module, a duplex matching module, and a digital-analog compatible instruction receiving module. The antenna includes an antenna module, wherein:

[0005] The antenna is capable of receiving and transmitting signals, and the signals are bidirectionally communicated through the antenna module duplex matching module;

[0006] The duplex matching module is used for impedance matching and filtering of signals;

[0007] The digital-analog compatible instruction receiving module is capable of bidirectional communication with the duplex matching module to achieve analog demodulation and digital demodulation;

[0008] The power switchable amplification module is suitable for buoys with different power requirements and can achieve matching power switching;

[0009] The digital-analog compatible signal generating module enables the buoy to generate a signal and transmit it through the antenna module.

[0010] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0011] The device provided in this application enables the buoy to be used with various sonar buoys requiring different communication systems and transmission power. Through an external sonar buoy operating parameter setting device, the buoy can be selected to operate in different transmission systems, transmission powers, and reception systems. The device performs analog or digital modulation on underwater detection signals, amplifies the power, and radiates them through the antenna. The antenna receives wireless remote control commands, performs analog or digital analysis on the commands, and outputs the analyzed commands. This solves the problem of full-duplex uplink and downlink communication for airborne sonar buoys, and addresses hardware compatibility issues between analog and digital sonar buoy transceivers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0013] Figure 1 It is an implementation block diagram of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the implementation of the digital-analog compatible signal generation module of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a block diagram of the power switchable amplification module of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the implementation principle of the duplex matching module of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the transmitting and receiving antenna implementation principle of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] The following describes the embodiments of the present disclosure through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present disclosure from the contents disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments. The present disclosure can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0020] It should be noted that various aspects of the embodiments within the scope of the appended claims are described below. It should be apparent that the aspects described herein can be embodied in a wide variety of forms, and any specific structure and / or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on this disclosure, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that an aspect described herein can be implemented independently of any other aspect, and two or more of these aspects can be combined in various ways. For example, any number of aspects described herein can be used to implement an apparatus and / or practice a method. In addition, other structures and / or functionalities other than one or more of the aspects described herein can be used to implement this apparatus and / or practice this method.

[0021] like Figure 1 The digital-analog compatible radio transceiver device of the aviation sonar buoy shown in the figure includes a surface electronic cabin, a main control board installed in the surface electronic cabin, and the main control board communicates with the underwater electronic cabin, including an antenna 4, a digital-analog compatible signal generating module 1, a power switchable amplification module 2, a duplex matching module 3, and a digital-analog compatible instruction receiving module 5. The antenna 4 includes an antenna module, such as Figure 5 As shown, the antenna is a transceiver antenna, where:

[0022] The antenna can receive and send signals, and the signals communicate bidirectionally through the antenna module duplex matching module;

[0023] Duplex matching module, used for signal impedance matching (e.g., impedance matching between antenna module and power switchable amplifier module) and filtering;

[0024] The digital-analog compatible command receiving module can communicate bidirectionally with the duplex matching module to achieve analog demodulation and digital demodulation;

[0025] The power switchable amplification module is suitable for buoys with different power requirements and can switch power accordingly;

[0026] The digital-analog compatible signal generation module enables the buoy to generate signals and transmit them through the antenna module.

[0027] Airborne sonobuoys typically include the five existing types of sonobuoys (passive omnidirectional, passive directional, active omnidirectional, temperature-depth, and sea noise) and the four newer types (vertical linear array, horizontally extended array, active directional, and acoustic source). Each type of sonobuoy requires different communication systems and transmission power. The radio transceiver for the newer sonobuoys should be compatible with existing systems, achieving modularity and universality, which helps reduce the buoy's hardware costs. Therefore, the device must be capable of both signal transmission and reception. For example, underwater detection signals are analog or digitally modulated by a digital-to-analog compatible signal generator module, amplified, and radiated through the transmitting and receiving antennas. Simultaneously, radio remote control commands are received by the transmitting and receiving antennas, demodulated by analog or digital means by a digital-to-analog compatible command receiver module, and output for remote control of the sonobuoy's operating status. The device can operate in full-duplex mode and is compatible with the transmission modes, transmission powers, and receiving modes of different buoy types.

[0028] As a specific implementation method provided in this case, the digital-analog compatible signal generation module uses an FPGA chip and a DAC to form a software radio architecture, completes the encoding and modulation of underwater detection signals at the baseband (for example, processing the signals of the underwater electronic cabin and the hydrophone), and directly converts the baseband signal to the radio frequency band after modulation without the need for secondary frequency conversion or multiplication. After the buoy is powered on, the digital-analog compatible signal generator reads the working mode and switches the signal to analog modulation or digital modulation to achieve compatibility between analog sonar buoys and digital sonar buoys. Specifically, Figure 2 As shown,

[0029] The digital-analog compatible instruction receiving module includes a power supply, a crystal oscillator, a frequency synthesizer, an FPGA chip, a digital-to-analog converter DAC, a low-noise amplifier LNA, and a filter, among which:

[0030] The FPGA chip controls the crystal oscillator to generate a basic clock signal, which is frequency modulated by a frequency synthesizer, converted by a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), and amplified by a low-noise amplifier (LNA). The amplified electrical signal is then input into a filter for filtering.

[0031] When transmitting a signal, the signal generated by the buoy is input into the power switchable amplification module through a filter, and the power switchable amplification module performs matching power switching according to the type of buoy.

[0032] The oscillator, filter, and upconversion required to generate the radio transmit signal are all implemented internally on the chip using DDS, FIR, and DUC algorithms. Modulation and frequency conversion are performed in software, enabling software module reuse. After power-up, the analog-to-digital compatible signal generator module reads the operating mode and generates analog or digital modulation signals. The low-noise amplifier amplifies the DAC signal to ensure sufficient signal power to drive the power amplifier module. A fourth-order LC low-pass filter performs a low-pass filter on the amplified signal to prevent harmonics and spurious signals from entering the power amplifier module.

[0033] As a specific implementation method provided in this case, Figure 3 As shown, the power switchable amplifier module is controlled by the digital-analog compatible signal generation module. The power switchable amplifier module includes a first-stage LDMOS transistor and a first-stage LDMOS transistor constituting a common-emitter circuit. For example, the common-emitter circuit and the bias power supply in the prior art are used for configuration, and the bias power supply is controlled to adjust the amplification factor of the common-emitter circuit, wherein:

[0034] After power-up, the analog-to-digital compatible signal generator module reads the power transmission level setting parameters and controls the operating voltage of the first-stage LDMOS transistor via TTL-level control signals, enabling switching between high, medium, and low transmission power levels. This ensures compatibility between analog and digital buoy power amplification. Specifically, the module consists of an input low-pass filter circuit, a first-stage amplifier circuit, a second-stage amplifier circuit, and an output low-pass filter circuit. The amplification function is achieved using two high-efficiency LDMOS transistors. The low-pass filter circuit performs low-pass filtering on the radio frequency signal generated by the analog-to-digital compatible signal generator, preventing harmonics and spurious signals from entering the amplifier module and generating intermodulation signals. The output circuit provides a 30dB filter for spurious signals generated or amplified by the power amplifier module that fall within the command reception frequency band. The power amplifier module shield is integrally formed from 1mm-thick nickel silver and securely connected to the printed circuit board ground via soldering. A window is opened on the back of the amplifier module to expose the copper, ensuring a close fit with the mounting structure for optimal heat dissipation. Power switching is achieved by controlling the drain operating voltage of the two-stage LDMOS transistors via two transistors.

[0035] As a specific implementation method provided in this case, Figure 4 As shown in FIG, the duplex matching module is composed of a low-pass filter, a high-pass filter, a surface acoustic wave filter and a matching circuit, wherein:

[0036] The processing circuit of the low-pass notch filter includes a seventh-order low-pass filter circuit, which suppresses the spurious signal of the power switchable amplifier module by 50dB, allowing the digital-analog compatible signal generation module to work in full-duplex mode without the need for transceiver switching.

[0037] The high-pass filter uses a parallel resonant circuit to isolate the transmitted signal by 70dB through the high-pass filter and the surface acoustic wave filter;

[0038] The matching circuit is a fifth-order low-loss low-pass filter circuit, where:

[0039] The duplex matching module performs impedance matching on the transmitting and receiving antennas and the power switchable amplifier module, so that the standing wave ratio of the entire transmitting frequency band is lower than 2, ensuring the signal pass of the power amplifier module, improving the effective radiation of the antenna, and improving the radiation efficiency.

[0040] As a specific embodiment provided in this case, the antenna is a transmitting and receiving antenna, including a radiating array and a grounding array. The length of the radiating array is λ / 4 of the center frequency, and the length of the grounding array is λ / 16;

[0041] The antenna module is connected to the duplex matching module. The transmitting and receiving ends of the antenna share one antenna and adopt frequency division multiplexing. It works in full-duplex mode, and the transmission and reception do not affect each other.

[0042] As a specific implementation method provided in this case, the digital-analog compatible instruction receiving module adopts a dedicated monolithic integrated circuit to realize analog demodulation and digital demodulation. After power-on, the digital-analog compatible instruction receiver reads the demodulation working parameters and switches the radio frequency signal to the corresponding monolithic dedicated integrated circuit through the radio frequency switch to realize analog demodulation or digital demodulation. Alternatively, the digital-analog compatible instruction receiving module adopts a high-sensitivity dedicated monolithic integrated circuit and is controlled by the digital-analog compatible signal generating module. After power-on, the signal generating module sends the configuration working parameters to the instruction receiving module, controls the corresponding frequency, demodulation mode, and communication rate of the instruction receiving module, controls the radio frequency switch to switch the radio frequency signal to the corresponding monolithic dedicated integrated circuit to realize analog demodulation and digital demodulation, and the monolithic dedicated integrated circuit sends the instruction reception result to the signal generating module, and at the same time sends the instruction signal power strength RSSI measurement result to the signal generating module. The RSSI is finally uploaded through the uplink radio link through the signal generating module to form a closed-loop judgment of the communication distance.

[0043] Compared to traditional buoys, this solution achieves both signal transmission and reception via wireless communication. Buoys are classified as aviation sonar buoys and maritime sonar buoys. Marine sonar buoys typically communicate with base stations, but in areas without base station communication, the device provided by this invention can still transmit and receive signals.

[0044] The above are only specific embodiments of the present disclosure, but the scope of protection of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this disclosure should be included in the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present disclosure should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A digital-analog compatible radio transceiver for an aviation sonar buoy, the buoy including a surface electronics compartment equipped with a main control board that communicates with an underwater electronics compartment, characterized by: It includes an antenna, a digital-analog compatible signal generating module, a power switchable amplifying module, a duplex matching module, and a digital-analog compatible instruction receiving module. The antenna includes an antenna module, wherein: The antenna is capable of receiving and transmitting signals, and the antenna communicates with the duplex matching module via the antenna module; The duplex matching module is used for impedance matching and filtering of signals; The digital-analog compatible instruction receiving module can communicate with the duplex matching module to realize analog demodulation and digital demodulation, and includes a power supply, a crystal oscillator, a frequency synthesizer, an FPGA chip, a digital-to-analog converter DAC, a low-noise amplifier LNA, and a filter, wherein: the FPGA chip controls the crystal oscillator to generate a basic clock signal, performs frequency modulation through the frequency synthesizer, performs signal conversion through the digital-to-analog converter DAC, and amplifies the signal through the low-noise amplifier LNA. The amplified electrical signal is input to the filter for filtering processing. When transmitting a signal, the signal generated by the buoy is input to the power switchable amplification module, and the power switchable amplification module performs matching power switching according to the buoy type; The power switchable amplification module is suitable for buoys with different power requirements and can match power switching. The power switchable amplification module is controlled by the digital-analog compatible signal generating module, which includes a first-stage LDMOS tube and a first-stage LDMOS tube that constitute a common emitter circuit. After power-on, the digital-analog compatible signal generating module reads the power transmission gear setting parameters, and controls the size of the drain operating voltage of the first-stage LDMOS tube and the first-stage LDMOS tube through the TTL level control signal to achieve high, medium and low transmission power switching, and achieve compatibility between analog buoy and digital buoy power amplification. The digital-analog compatible signal generating module can generate signals and transmit them through the antenna module.

2. The digital-analog compatible radio transceiver device for an aviation sonobuoy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The digital-analog compatible signal generation module uses an FPGA chip and a DAC to form a software radio architecture, completes the encoding and modulation of the underwater detection signal to generate a baseband signal, and directly converts the baseband signal to the radio frequency band. After the buoy is powered on, the digital-analog compatible signal generator reads the working mode and switches the signal to an analog modulation mode or a digital modulation mode, thereby achieving compatibility between analog sonar buoys and digital sonar buoys.

3. The digital-analog compatible radio transceiver device for an aviation sonobuoy according to claim 2, characterized in that: The duplex matching module is composed of a low-pass filter, a high-pass filter, a surface acoustic wave filter and a matching circuit, wherein: The processing circuit of the low-pass filter includes a seventh-order low-pass filter circuit, which suppresses the spurious signal of the power switchable amplifier module by 50dB, so that the digital-analog compatible signal generation module operates in full-duplex mode without the need for transmitting and receiving switching; The high-pass filter adopts a parallel resonant circuit, and the high-pass filter and the surface acoustic wave filter jointly perform 70dB isolation on the transmission signal; The matching circuit is a fifth-order low-loss low-pass filter circuit, wherein: The duplex matching module performs impedance matching on the antenna and the power switchable amplification module, so that the standing wave ratio of the entire transmission frequency band is lower than 2, thereby ensuring that the signal of the power switchable amplification module passes.

4. The digital-analog compatible radio transceiver device for an aviation sonobuoy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna is an integrated transmitting and receiving antenna, including a radiating array and a grounding array. The length of the radiating array is λ / 4 of the center frequency, and the length of the grounding array is λ / 16. The antenna module is connected to the duplex matching module. The transmitting end and the receiving end of the antenna share an antenna and adopt a frequency division multiplexing method.

5. The digital-analog compatible radio transceiver device for an aviation sonobuoy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The digital-analog compatible instruction receiving module adopts a dedicated single-chip integrated circuit to realize analog demodulation and digital demodulation. After power-on, the digital-analog compatible instruction receiving module reads the demodulation working parameters and switches the radio frequency signal to the corresponding single-chip dedicated integrated circuit through the radio frequency switch to realize analog demodulation or digital demodulation.

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