Ventilation system

Abstract

The application provides a ventilation system, comprising: a pressure-out negative pressure air duct, which is used in connection with a combined excavating and anchoring machine, the combined excavating and anchoring machine being used for excavating a first roadway; a telescopic air duct, a first end of the telescopic air duct being in communication with the pressure-out negative pressure air duct; a pressure-out positive pressure air duct, the pressure-out positive pressure air duct being used in communication with a second end of the telescopic air duct, and the pressure-out positive pressure air duct being used in communication with a return air roadway; wherein the telescopic air duct is telescopically arranged along the distribution direction of the pressure-out positive pressure air duct and the pressure-out negative pressure air duct, so that the pressure-out negative pressure air duct moves relative to the pressure-out positive pressure air duct through the telescopic air duct when the combined excavating and anchoring machine drives the pressure-out negative pressure air duct to move. The ventilation system solves the problem that dust control is difficult in the mining process of the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal mining, and more specifically, to a ventilation system. Background Technology

[0002] During coal mining, various roadways need to be excavated. This process generates a large amount of dust, and harmful gases such as methane from the surrounding rock also seep into the roadways. Therefore, localized ventilation is necessary to supply fresh air to the working face, remove toxic and harmful gases and dust, and regulate the working environment.

[0003] The local ventilation method in mines is generally local ventilator forced ventilation, which means that the local ventilator is installed in the air intake flow that supplies air to the tunneling face, and a ventilation duct is installed at the outlet of the local ventilator. The ventilation duct extends all the way to the face of the tunneling face, thereby delivering fresh air to the tunneling face, while the polluted air flows outward from the face in the tunneling roadway, expelling a large amount of dust and harmful gases generated during the tunneling face operation.

[0004] Problems with existing local ventilation methods: Sewage flows through the tunnels, resulting in high dust concentrations that affect the visibility and health of workers, especially in mechanized tunneling faces where dust concentrations are very high.

[0005] To address the problem of high dust concentration, in addition to spray dust suppression, dust collectors such as dry dust collectors and wet dust collectors have been installed at the working face. However, in rock tunnels and semi-coal and rock tunneling faces, the dust concentration is still very high, making dust control very difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main objective of this invention is to provide a ventilation system to solve the problem of the difficulty in dust control during coal mining in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a ventilation system comprising: a negative pressure ventilation duct for connection to a roadheader unit, the roadheader unit being used for excavating a first roadway; a telescopic ventilation duct, the first end of which is connected to the negative pressure ventilation duct; and a positive pressure ventilation duct for connection to the second end of the telescopic ventilation duct, the positive pressure ventilation duct being connected to a return airway; wherein the telescopic ventilation duct is telescopically arranged along the distribution direction of the positive and negative pressure ventilation ducts, so that when the roadheader unit moves the negative pressure ventilation duct, the telescopic ventilation duct moves relative to the positive pressure ventilation duct through its extension and retraction.

[0008] Furthermore, the ventilation system also includes: a first ventilator, which is located at the second end of the retractable duct, and the retractable duct is connected to the positive pressure duct through the first ventilator.

[0009] Furthermore, the ventilation system includes: a moving track, a first ventilation fan fixedly mounted on the moving track, and a tunneling and anchoring unit movably mounted on the moving track.

[0010] Furthermore, the ventilation system also includes: a cyclone dust collector, which is installed between the first ventilator and the positive pressure duct, so that the first ventilator is connected to the positive pressure duct through the cyclone dust collector; and / or a first locking part and a second locking part that cooperate with each other, the first locking part being provided on the tunneling and anchoring machine unit and the second locking part being provided on the moving track, so that when the first locking part and the second locking part are locked together, the moving track is moved by the tunneling and anchoring machine unit.

[0011] Furthermore, the ventilation system also includes: a positive pressure duct, the first end of which is used to introduce fresh air, and the second end of which is located in the first tunnel.

[0012] Furthermore, the second end of the positive pressure ventilation duct is located at the location of the tunneling and anchoring machine unit in the first roadway; and / or the first end of the positive pressure ventilation duct is located in a second roadway connected to the first roadway, the second roadway being used to introduce fresh airflow.

[0013] Furthermore, the ventilation system also includes: a first ventilator, which is located at the second end of the retractable duct; and a second ventilator, which is located at the first end of the positive pressure duct, wherein the air intake of the first ventilator is greater than the air output of the second ventilator.

[0014] Furthermore, the roadheader unit performs staged tunneling in multiple predetermined tunneling stages. Each predetermined tunneling stage includes an initial position and an end position. After the roadheader unit tunnels to the end position, it returns to the initial position and drives the inlet end of the positive pressure ventilation duct to move toward the end position. The positive pressure ventilation duct includes multiple ventilation duct sections, which are connected one by one as the inlet end of the positive pressure ventilation duct moves.

[0015] Furthermore, the length of each section of the ventilation duct is less than the maximum extension of the telescopic ventilation duct.

[0016] Furthermore, the distance between the air intake of the negative pressure ventilation duct and the excavation face of the first roadway is less than or equal to 5m.

[0017] By applying the technical solution of this invention, the ventilation system of this invention directly adopts a method of connecting the positive pressure duct and the negative pressure duct, so that the dust drawn in by the negative pressure duct is discharged to the return airway through the positive pressure duct, preventing dust pollution of the working face and ensuring clean air at the working face, thereby solving the problem of the difficulty of dust control in the coal mining process in the prior art. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the ventilation system according to the present invention is shown.

[0020] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0021] 1. Second ventilation fan; 11. Positive pressure ventilation duct; 2. First ventilation fan; 21. Negative pressure ventilation duct; 22. Telescopic ventilation duct; 23. Positive pressure ventilation duct; 24. Moving track; 4. Fresh air flow; 5. Sewage air flow; 6. Belt conveyor; 7. Transfer machine; 8. Crusher; 9. Roadheader; 90. Roadheader unit; 91. First roadway; 92. Second roadway. Detailed Implementation

[0022] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] This invention provides a ventilation system; please refer to [the relevant documentation]. Figure 1 The ventilation system includes: a negative pressure ventilation duct 21 for connection to a roadheader unit 90 for excavating a first roadway 91; a telescopic ventilation duct 22, the first end of which is connected to the negative pressure ventilation duct 21; and a positive pressure ventilation duct 23 for connection to the second end of the telescopic ventilation duct 22 and for connection to a return airway. The telescopic ventilation duct 22 is telescopically arranged along the distribution direction of the positive pressure ventilation duct 23 and the negative pressure ventilation duct 21, so that when the roadheader unit 90 moves the negative pressure ventilation duct 21, the telescopic ventilation duct 21 moves relative to the positive pressure ventilation duct 23 through the extension and retraction of the telescopic ventilation duct 22.

[0024] As can be seen, the ventilation system in this invention directly connects the positive pressure duct 23 and the negative pressure duct 21, so that the dust drawn in by the negative pressure duct 21 is discharged to the return airway through the positive pressure duct 23, preventing dust pollution of the working face and ensuring clean air at the working face. This solves the problem of the difficulty of dust control in the coal mining process in the prior art.

[0025] To facilitate the flow of air from the negative pressure duct 21 into the positive pressure duct 23, such as Figure 1As shown, the ventilation system also includes: a first ventilator 2, which is located at the second end of the retractable duct 22, and the retractable duct 22 is connected to the positive pressure duct 23 through the first ventilator 2.

[0026] To facilitate the movement of the tunneling and anchoring unit 90, such as Figure 1 As shown, the ventilation system includes: a moving track 24, on which a first ventilator 2 is fixedly mounted, and a roadheader unit 90 is movably mounted. Specifically, the ventilation system includes a conveyor belt 6, and the moving track 24 is a rigid frame at the tail of the conveyor belt 6. The conveyor belt is used to transport the excavated rubble and other debris from the roadheader unit 90 out of the first tunnel 91.

[0027] Because the negative pressure duct 21 easily draws in large dust particles, the ventilation system also includes: a cyclone dust collector installed between the first ventilator 2 and the positive pressure duct 23, so that the first ventilator 2 is connected to the positive pressure duct 23 through the cyclone dust collector; and / or a first locking part and a second locking part that cooperate with each other. The first locking part is set on the tunneling and anchoring machine assembly 90, and the second locking part is set on the moving track 24, so that when the first locking part and the second locking part are locked together, the moving track 24 is moved by the tunneling and anchoring machine assembly 90. Therefore, by setting up a cyclone dust collector, large dust particles can be screened out relatively easily.

[0028] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, the ventilation system also includes a positive pressure duct 11, the first end of which is used to introduce fresh airflow 4, and the second end of which is located inside the first passageway 91. In this embodiment, by setting up the positive pressure duct 11, fresh air can be conveniently introduced into the first passageway 91, making it easier for dust in the first passageway 91 to enter the positive pressure duct 23.

[0029] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the second end of the positive pressure ventilation duct 11 is located at the location of the tunneling and anchoring machine unit 90 in the first roadway 91; and / or the first end of the positive pressure ventilation duct 11 is located in the second roadway 92 connected to the first roadway 91, the second roadway 92 being used to introduce fresh airflow 4. Depending on the actual situation, the second end of the positive pressure ventilation duct 11 is located on one side of the negative pressure ventilation duct 21.

[0030] To facilitate the introduction of fresh airflow into the positive pressure ventilation duct 11, such as Figure 1 As shown, the ventilation system also includes a second ventilator 1, which is located at the first end of the positive pressure duct 11. The suction volume of the first ventilator 2 is greater than the discharge volume of the second ventilator 1. Specifically, the second ventilator 1 and the positive pressure duct 23 are located on opposite sides of the first tunnel 91.

[0031] In the specific working process, the tunneling and anchoring unit 90 performs staged tunneling in multiple predetermined tunneling stages. Each predetermined tunneling stage includes an initial position and an end position. After the tunneling and anchoring unit 90 tunnels to the end position, the tunneling and anchoring unit 90 returns to the initial position and drives the inlet end of the positive pressure ventilation duct 23 to move towards the end position. The positive pressure ventilation duct 23 includes multiple ventilation duct sections. As the inlet end of the positive pressure ventilation duct 23 moves successively, each ventilation duct section is connected to it.

[0032] Specifically, the roadheader unit 90 includes a transfer machine 7, a crusher 8, and a roadheader 9. The transfer machine 7 is movably mounted on the moving track 24 to transport crushed stone through its reciprocating motion. The crusher 8 is movably mounted on the moving track 24, and the roadheader 9 is mounted on the crusher 8. After the roadheader 9 has reached its endpoint, it returns to its initial position and locks itself onto the moving track 24. Then, the roadheader 9 drives the inlet end of the positive pressure ventilation duct 23 to move towards the endpoint. Afterward, the roadheader 9 releases the lock between itself and the moving track 24, and the roadheader 9 continues its roadheading work.

[0033] During the tunneling process, the retractable ventilation duct 22 will move along with the negative pressure ventilation duct 21. In order to ensure the smooth progress of the tunneling work, the length of each ventilation duct section is less than the maximum extension of the retractable ventilation duct 22.

[0034] To ensure the smooth progress of the tunneling work, the distance between the air intake of the negative pressure ventilation duct 21 and the tunneling face of the first roadway 91 is less than or equal to 5m.

[0035] As can be seen, the ventilation system in this embodiment relates to a local ventilation system and method for a mine tunneling face. In the existing forced ventilation face, a forced ventilation system is added to discharge all the polluted air from the tunneling face into the return airway through the forced local ventilation fan and the forced ventilation duct, so as to prevent dust pollution of the working face and ensure clean air at the working face.

[0036] The local ventilation system and method for the tunneling face of this mine consists of two parts: forced ventilation and forced exhaust ventilation. The forced ventilation consists of a local ventilator (second ventilator 1) installed in the air intake of the tunneling face and a forced positive pressure duct 11 (flexible duct), which delivers fresh air flow 4 to the tunneling face.

[0037] The pressure-type ventilation system consists of a first ventilation fan 2 installed near the face of the tunneling working face, a negative pressure ventilation duct 21, a telescopic ventilation duct 22, a positive pressure ventilation duct 23, and a moving track 24. It discharges all the polluted air from the tunneling working face into the return airway through the positive pressure ventilation duct 23.

[0038] The preferred tunneling face utilizes a tunneling process or similar method consisting of a roadheader, a haulage vehicle, and a rigid frame at the tail of the conveyor belt supporting the haulage vehicle. As the roadheader moves forward, the haulage vehicle slides on the rigid frame and is dragged forward by the roadheader. The first ventilation fan 2 can be installed on the roadheader, the haulage vehicle, or the rigid frame at the tail of the conveyor belt, moving together with the roadheader, the haulage vehicle, or the rigid frame at the tail of the conveyor belt; it is preferred to install it on the rigid frame at the tail of the conveyor belt. The first ventilation fan 2 is preferably controlled by a variable frequency drive.

[0039] Installation of the negative pressure ventilation duct 21: The negative pressure ventilation duct 21 consists of a ventilation duct with a certain degree of expansion and free bending, and an air duct on the machine body. When the first ventilation fan 2 is installed on the tunneling machine, the dust removal air duct on the tunneling machine can be used to replace the negative pressure ventilation duct or it can be replaced with a rigid ventilation duct. When the first ventilation fan 2 is installed on the conveyor belt, since the conveyor belt moves forward with the tunneling machine, one end of the negative pressure ventilation duct 21 extends towards the working face, and the other end is connected to the air intake of the first ventilation fan 2. When the first ventilation fan 2 is installed on the rigid frame of the conveyor belt tail, since the rigid frame of the conveyor belt tail is generally moved once a day, the negative pressure ventilation duct 21 is connected in series with the telescopic ventilation duct 22.

[0040] Installation of the telescopic ventilation duct 22: The telescopic ventilation duct 22 gradually extends as the tunneling face advances. The maximum extension of the telescopic ventilation duct is greater than the length of one section of the positive pressure ventilation duct 23. When the extension is slightly greater than the length of one section of the positive pressure ventilation duct 23, the telescopic ventilation duct is retracted, and the positive pressure ventilation duct 23 is extended by one section. When the local ventilation fan is installed on the tunneling machine or the conveyor belt, the telescopic ventilation duct is installed at the outlet of the local ventilation fan; when the local ventilation fan is installed on the rigid frame at the tail of the conveyor belt, the two ends of the telescopic ventilation duct are connected to the negative pressure ventilation duct and the air intake of the local ventilation fan, respectively.

[0041] The air inlet of the positive pressure ventilation duct 23 is connected to the air outlet of the retractable ventilation duct 22, and the air outlet of the positive pressure ventilation duct 23 extends outward along the tunnel into the return air tunnel outside the tunnel. Specifically, the tail end of the second tunnel 92 is used to output the waste air flow 5.

[0042] The air supply volume at the outlet of the positive pressure ventilation duct 11 is greater than the air intake volume at the outlet of the negative pressure ventilation duct 21. The difference between the two must meet the requirements of the wind speed in the common section of the tunnel, generally not less than 0.25 m / s. As the working face advances and the tunnel lengthens, the air intake volume of the negative pressure ventilation duct 21 will gradually decrease. Therefore, the first ventilation fan 2 adopts frequency conversion control to ensure that the air supply volume at the outlet of the positive pressure ventilation duct 11 is greater than the air intake volume at the outlet of the negative pressure ventilation duct 21 and that the difference also meets the requirements.

[0043] The first ventilation fan 2 is gas-electrically interlocked. When the gas level at the tunneling face exceeds the limit, the power supply to the first ventilation fan 2 is stopped.

[0044] The air intake of the negative pressure ventilation duct 21 should be no more than 5m away from the working face, and the air outlet of the positive pressure ventilation duct 11 should be kept at a certain distance from the working face, generally about 30m, to prevent the polluted air at the working face from being blown into the excavated roadway behind the working face.

[0045] Positive pressure ventilation duct extension method: First, stop the tunneling work at the working face, and extend the air outlet of the positive pressure ventilation duct 11 to the working face (the distance between the air outlet and the working face is generally no more than 4 to 5 times). Where S is the cross-section of the first tunnel 91 (i.e., the flow section), then the first ventilator 2 is stopped, and finally the positive pressure duct 23 is extended by one section.

[0046] A certain mine is equipped with roadheader-and-anchor machine for all tunneling faces. The tunneling faces originally had forced ventilation, and dust removal fans were added to the faces. When tunneling coal roadways, the dust removal fans were effective; however, when tunneling rock roadways or semi-coal-rock roadways, the dust removal fans were ineffective, resulting in excessive dust levels in the working faces and tunnels, poor visibility, and a serious threat to the health of the workers.

[0047] After research, the dust removal fan was removed and replaced with a pressure-type ventilation system. The high dust-laden airflow generated during the tunneling operation was discharged into the return airway by the pressure-type fan and ventilation duct, reducing the dust concentration by 98%.

[0048] As can be seen from the above description, the embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:

[0049] The tunneling face adopts a pressure-type ventilation system, and all the polluted air from the tunneling face is discharged through the ventilation duct, resulting in clean air and good visibility in the work area.

[0050] The tunneling face adopts both forced-in and forced-out ventilation. Forced-out ventilation is used to remove high-dust-laden airflow during face operations, while forced-in ventilation is used to maintain continuous ventilation at the face and to ensure ventilation safety when gas levels exceed limits.

[0051] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ventilation system, characterized in that, include: A negative pressure ventilation duct (21) is provided for connection with a roadheader unit (90), which is used for tunneling the first roadway (91). A retractable air duct (22), the first end of which is connected to the negative pressure air duct (21); A positive pressure duct (23) is provided, which is used to connect with the second end of the retractable duct (22) and to connect with the return airway. The retractable air duct (22) is retractably arranged along the distribution direction of the positive pressure air duct (23) and the negative pressure air duct (21) so that when the tunneling and anchoring machine (90) drives the negative pressure air duct (21) to move, the negative pressure air duct (21) moves relative to the positive pressure air duct (23) through the extension and retraction of the retractable air duct (22). The first ventilator (2) is disposed at the second end of the retractable duct (22); The second ventilator (1) is located at the first end of the positive pressure duct (11), and the air intake of the first ventilator (2) is greater than the air output of the second ventilator (1); the second ventilator (1) is controlled by frequency conversion. The tunneling and anchoring unit (90) is divided into multiple predetermined tunneling processes for staged tunneling. Each predetermined tunneling process includes an initial position and an end position. After the tunneling and anchoring unit (90) tunnels to the end position, the tunneling and anchoring unit (90) returns to the initial position and drives the inlet end of the positive pressure ventilation duct (23) to move toward the end position. The positive pressure duct (23) includes multiple duct sections. As the inlet end of the positive pressure duct (23) moves sequentially, each duct section is connected to the duct section. The length of each duct section is less than the maximum extension of the telescopic duct (22). The air supply volume at the outlet of the positive pressure duct (11) is less than the air intake volume of the negative pressure duct (21). The ventilation system also includes a positive pressure duct (11), the first end of which is used to introduce fresh air flow, and the second end of which is located at the location of the tunneling and anchoring machine (90) in the first roadway (91) to continuously ventilate and disperse methane gas to the tunneling face.

2. The ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ventilation system also includes: The first ventilator (2) is located at the second end of the retractable duct (22), and the retractable duct (22) is connected to the positive pressure duct (23) through the first ventilator (2).

3. The ventilation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ventilation system includes: The first ventilator (2) is relatively fixedly installed on the moving track (24), and the tunneling and anchoring unit (90) is movably installed on the moving track (24).

4. The ventilation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ventilation system also includes: A cyclone dust collector, wherein the cyclone dust collector is installed between the first ventilator (2) and the positive pressure duct (23) so that the first ventilator (2) is connected to the positive pressure duct (23) through the cyclone dust collector; and / or The first locking part and the second locking part cooperate with each other. The first locking part is disposed on the tunneling and anchoring machine group (90), and the second locking part is disposed on the moving track (24) so ​​that when the first locking part and the second locking part are locked together, the tunneling and anchoring machine group (90) drives the moving track (24) to move.

5. The ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first end of the positive pressure duct (11) is located in the second duct (92) which is connected to the first duct (91), and the second duct (92) is used to introduce fresh air.

6. The ventilation system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The distance between the air inlet of the negative pressure ventilation duct (21) and the excavation face of the first roadway (91) is less than or equal to 5m.

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