A reaction system with precise temperature control and a temperature control method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical fields of industrial production equipment and control, in particular to a reaction system with precise temperature control and a temperature control method thereof, comprising a reaction kettle, the reaction kettle is provided with a jacket, the reaction kettle jacket is connected with a steam module, a stable vacuum degree generating module and a spraying module. The steam module introduces low-temperature steam into the reaction kettle jacket to heat the reaction kettle; the stable vacuum degree generating module generates a certain vacuum degree in the reaction kettle jacket; the spraying module is provided with a liquid spraying atomization device to spray liquid into the jacket, and the liquid is gasified in the jacket to cool the reaction kettle; the reaction kettle is internally provided with a refrigerant cooling system to maintain low temperature in the reaction kettle and preserve materials. The above structure controls the temperature in the reaction kettle through multiple ways, can meet the requirements of high temperature in the reaction process, rapid cooling to low temperature after the reaction and material preservation, and has fast temperature adjustment speed and precise temperature.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of industrial production equipment and control, in particular to a reaction system with precise temperature control and a temperature control method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the pharmaceutical, food, chemical and other industries, the reaction kettle is the main equipment of the production system. The temperature requirement of the material in the reaction kettle is different according to the progress of the reaction. The existing technology can adjust the temperature in the reaction kettle by water bath, oil bath, coil heat exchange and other methods. However, the existing water bath, oil bath, coil heat exchange and other methods have the disadvantages of low heating efficiency, uneven heating, inaccurate temperature control, high energy consumption and the like.

[0003] In view of the above problems, the applicant designs and applies for a Chinese invention patent for "a low-temperature steam heating system and a control method thereof", with the publication number CN115025730A. The technology uses low-temperature steam to heat the reaction kettle, with high heating efficiency and uniform temperature.

[0004] The above-mentioned technology is only for the reaction kettle with heating requirement. However, after the material is heated for reaction, it needs to be quickly cooled and then stored at low temperature. Most of the existing technologies use water cooling and other methods for cooling, which cannot achieve rapid cooling. In addition, the existing technology usually uses a coil type cooling and heat preservation method. The coil is arranged in the jacket, and the heat exchange efficiency is low, and the heat loss is high.

[0005] In addition, the superheated steam needs to be treated by temperature and pressure reduction before entering the jacket of the reaction kettle. Before entering the jacket of the reaction kettle, it needs to be treated by gas-liquid separation. The existing gas-liquid separator has simple structure, low separation efficiency and cannot automatically drain water. SUMMARY

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a reaction system with precise temperature control and a temperature control method thereof, which can accurately adjust to the required temperature requirement.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides the following technical scheme:

[0008] A reaction system with precise temperature control, comprising a reaction kettle, the reaction kettle is provided with a jacket, the reaction kettle jacket is connected with a steam module, a stable vacuum degree generating module and a spraying module. The steam module introduces low-temperature steam into the jacket of the reaction kettle for heating the reaction kettle; the stable vacuum degree generating module generates a certain vacuum degree in the jacket of the reaction kettle; the spraying module is provided with a liquid spraying atomization device, which sprays liquid into the jacket, and the liquid is gasified in the jacket for cooling the reaction kettle; a refrigerant cooling system is arranged in the reaction kettle, which is used to maintain low temperature in the reaction kettle and store the material.

[0009] The above structure controls the temperature in the reaction kettle in multiple ways, can meet the needs of high temperature in the reaction process, rapid cooling to low temperature after the reaction for material preservation, and has fast temperature adjustment speed and accurate temperature.

[0010] The refrigerant cooling system comprises multiple groups of heat exchange pipes, which are uniformly distributed around the center of the reaction kettle. Each group comprises multiple heat exchange pipes connected in sequence, which are vertically arranged inside the inner container of the reaction kettle and parallel to the central axis of the reaction kettle. Compared with the coil pipe arranged in the jacket in the prior art, the heat exchange pipe is directly arranged in the inner container of the reaction kettle and immersed in the medium to be cooled, so that the cooling efficiency can be greatly improved. The heat exchange pipe is a spindle-shaped pipe, and the long axis of the spindle shape is arranged obliquely along the circumference of the inner wall of the reaction kettle. The oblique direction is consistent with the stirring direction of the reaction kettle, so that the contact area of the medium to be cooled and the heat exchange pipe in the rotating flow state can be increased, and the cooling efficiency can be improved, and the flow resistance of the medium can be reduced.

[0011] The angle between the long axis of the spindle shape of the heat exchange pipe and the radius axis of the reaction kettle passing through the center of the spindle shape is 0-90°.

[0012] The steam module comprises a superheated steam pretreatment module and a gas-liquid separation device. The gas-liquid separation device comprises a shell, an inlet and an outlet are arranged at two ends of the shell respectively, multiple levels of screens are arranged in the shell, and low-temperature steam is subjected to gas-liquid separation through the screens in the shell.

[0013] The bottom of the shell is communicated with a liquid collecting cavity, the liquid collecting cavity is provided with a liquid level sensor, the bottom of the liquid collecting cavity is connected with an automatic drainage device, the automatic drainage device comprises a drainage shell, a condensed water discharge port is formed in the drainage shell, a linkage rod is arranged in the drainage shell, an umbrella-shaped valve body is arranged at the top of the linkage rod, the umbrella-shaped valve body is used to block or open an umbrella-shaped opening at the bottom of the liquid collecting cavity, a spring is sleeved outside the linkage rod, one end of the spring is fixedly connected to a spring position adjusting plate, and the other end of the spring is close to the umbrella-shaped valve body, the spring position adjusting plate is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the drainage shell, and one end of the linkage rod passes through the spring position adjusting plate.

[0014] Specifically, the drainage shell is connected with an air inlet pipe, a control valve is arranged on the air inlet pipe, one end of the linkage rod is provided with a sliding plate, and the sliding plate can move along the drainage shell under the pushing of the gas in the air inlet pipe, so as to control the movement of the umbrella-shaped valve body connected with the linkage rod.

[0015] The cross-sectional area of the cavity in the shell gradually increases and then gradually decreases from the inlet to the outlet, the inlet and the outlet are arranged on the same horizontal plane, and the shape of the shell controls the airflow direction to gradually flow downward, horizontally, and gradually upward from the inlet to the outlet. The design of the above special structure is to increase the residence time of the gas-liquid mixture in the shell, so that the liquid fully contacts the screen mesh, thereby achieving full separation.

[0016] The screen mesh is a spherical structure, the spherical surface faces the outlet, a plurality of screen holes are formed in the spherical surface, the screen holes are inverted water drop shapes with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part, the connecting line of the two ends of the screen mesh forms an angle of 10°-40° with the vertical plane, and a plurality of guide plates are arranged on the side of the screen mesh facing the inlet, the guide plates are used to guide the liquid to the lower part. The design of the above structure can provide good conditions for liquid residence and downward flow, and can improve the liquid separation effect.

[0017] The stable vacuum degree generating module comprises a water pump and a jet pump, the jet pump comprises an ejector main body, the ejector main body comprises a gas-liquid mixing chamber, the gas-liquid mixing chamber is connected with a jet injection pipe, an object suction pipe and an outlet pipe respectively, a cyclone device is arranged in the jet injection pipe, the cyclone device comprises two or more cyclone gradually changing blades, the two or more cyclone gradually changing blades are uniformly distributed and fixed on the inner wall of the jet injection pipe, the cyclone gradually changing blades are in a spiral structure around the axis of the jet injection pipe, and the width of the cyclone gradually changing blades gradually increases from the jet injection port to the gas-liquid mixing chamber; the plurality of cyclone gradually changing blades form a cyclone guide groove, so that the liquid entering from the jet injection pipe generates a cyclone, and due to the gradual change of the cyclone gradually changing blades, the cyclone guide groove formed by the cyclone gradually changing blades gradually narrows, and a high-speed effect is generated. When the cyclone liquid enters the mixing chamber, a rotating combined force is formed, so that the cyclone liquid can be fully mixed with the gas, thereby increasing the mixing degree of the medium, increasing the suction capacity of the jet pump, and improving the jet efficiency.

[0018] The object suction pipe is connected with a first anti-backflow device, the first anti-backflow device is a U-shaped pipe structure, and the two ends of the U-shaped pipe structure are respectively communicated with the object suction pipe. When the gas enters the gas-liquid mixing chamber through the object suction pipe and generates backflow gas, the backflow gas flows into the object suction pipe through the U-shaped pipe structure, and the forward pushing force of the gas-liquid is increased by the pushing of the backflow force, thereby increasing the gas-liquid passing rate and the consistency of the gas flow direction, and realizing high passing property of the gas.

[0019] The temperature control method of the precise temperature control reaction system is as follows:

[0020] Firstly, the steam module introduces steam into the jacket of the reaction kettle to heat the reaction kettle, so that the high temperature required for the material reaction is quickly reached;

[0021] After the reaction is completed and a certain period of time is kept, the spraying module sprays water into the jacket, and the vacuum degree stabilizing module keeps the extreme vacuum degree of the reaction kettle jacket, when the water is sprayed into the reaction kettle jacket under the extreme vacuum degree and contacts the relatively high temperature inner container of the reaction kettle, the water is instantly gasified, at this time, the water gasification absorbs a large amount of heat, so that the material in the reaction kettle is rapidly cooled;

[0022] After the material in the reaction kettle is cooled to a certain lower temperature, the spraying module is closed, the refrigerant cooling system is started to continue cooling, and a low temperature mode with a certain temperature is kept to save the material.

[0023] The beneficial effects achieved by the present application are:

[0024] The present application can effectively solve the problems of low heating efficiency, slow cooling speed and inaccurate temperature control, and can accurately adjust the temperature in the reaction kettle through multiple ways to meet the requirements of material reaction and preservation.

[0025] The structure optimization of the refrigerant cooling system of the reaction kettle can improve the cooling speed and efficiency and reduce heat loss.

[0026] In addition, the structure of the gas-liquid separation device in the steam module is improved, which greatly improves the separation efficiency, realizes efficient gas-liquid separation, and the separated liquid can be automatically drained.

[0027] The jet pump in the vacuum degree stabilizing module has high spraying efficiency and can prevent backflow. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present application, and constitute a part of the specification, together with the embodiments of the present application, to explain the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 is a system structure diagram of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 is a top view sectional structure schematic diagram of the reaction kettle;

[0031] Figure 3 is a structure schematic diagram of the gas-liquid separation device;

[0032] Figure 4 is Figure 3 A-A sectional view in the figure;

[0033] Figure 5 is Figure 3 A structure schematic diagram of the automatic drainage device in the figure;

[0034] Figure 6 is Figure 3 A left view of the screen in the figure;

[0035] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a fluid pump;

[0036] Figure 8 is a sectional view of Figure 7 ;

[0037] Figure 9 is a sectional view of Figure 8 ;

[0038] Figure 10 is a flow chart of the control system of the present application.

[0039] In the figure: 1, steam pressure reducing valve; 2, steam pressure transmitter; 3, steam temperature transmitter; 4, gas-liquid separation device; 41, inlet; 42, screen; 43, outlet; 44, liquid collection cavity; 45, drain casing; 46, liquid level sensor; 47, linkage rod; 48, control valve; 49, condensate discharge outlet; 410, umbrella-shaped valve body; 411, spring; 412, spring setting plate; 413, sealing ring; 414, water barrier; 415, screen hole; 416, flow guide plate; 417, sliding plate; 5, reaction kettle temperature transmitter; 6, fluid pump; 61, fluid injection pipe; 62, gas-liquid mixing chamber; 63, first anti-backflow device; 64, object suction pipe; 65, gas-liquid compression parallel pipe; 66, outlet pipe; 67, second anti-backflow device; 68, rotational flow gradually changing blade; 69, anti-backflow groove; 7, jacket temperature transmitter; 8, jacket pressure transmitter; 9, reaction kettle; 10, jacket; 11, liquid spray atomizing device; 12, water pump; 13, liquid spray pump; 14, liquid storage tank; 15, liquid spray total valve; 16, heat exchange pipe; 17, refrigerant pipe; 18, stirring paddle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The preferred embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to explain and illustrate the present application, and are not used to limit the present application.

[0041] Embodiment:

[0042] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , a precise temperature control reaction system for material warming, mixing, reaction and temperature reduction preservation, comprising a reaction kettle 9, the reaction kettle 9 is provided with a jacket 10, and a stirring paddle 18 is arranged in the reaction kettle 9.

[0043] The jacket 10 of the reactor is connected with a steam module, a vacuum degree stabilizing module and a spraying module. The steam module is used to heat the reactor 9 by introducing low-temperature steam into the jacket. The vacuum degree stabilizing module is used to generate a certain vacuum degree in the jacket. The spraying module is provided with a liquid spraying atomization device 11, which sprays liquid into the jacket 10, and the liquid is gasified in the jacket 10 to cool the reactor 9. The reactor 9 is internally provided with a refrigerant cooling system, which is used to maintain a low temperature in the reactor 9 and preserve the material.

[0044] The reactor 9 is respectively provided with a reactor temperature transmitter 5, a jacket temperature transmitter 7 and a jacket pressure transmitter 8, which are used to monitor the internal temperature of the reactor 9, the temperature of the jacket 10 and the pressure in the jacket 10.

[0045] The refrigerant cooling system includes five groups of heat exchange pipes 16, which are uniformly distributed around the center of the reactor 9. Each group includes a plurality of heat exchange pipes 16 connected in sequence. The heat exchange pipes 16 are vertically arranged on the inner side of the liner of the reactor 9. Adjacent two heat exchange pipes 16 are connected by elbows at the upper or lower part. The two ends of the heat exchange pipes 16 are connected with a refrigerant pipe 17, which introduces a circulating refrigerant medium into the heat exchange pipes 16. Compared with the coil pipe arranged in the jacket in the prior art, the heat exchange pipes 16 are directly arranged in the liner of the reactor 9 and immersed in the medium to be cooled, which can greatly improve the cooling efficiency.

[0046] The heat exchange pipes 16 can be grouped according to the size of the reactor 9. The number of heat exchange pipes 16 in each group can be set according to the situation.

[0047] The heat exchange pipe 16 is a spindle-shaped pipe, the cross-sectional shape of which is spindle-shaped with two pointed ends and a middle drum. The long axis of the spindle-shaped pipe is inclined along the circumference of the inner wall of the reactor 9, and the inclination direction is consistent with the stirring direction of the reactor 9. Specifically, the included angle between the long axis of the spindle-shaped pipe and the radius axis of the reactor 9 passing through the center of the spindle is 45°. The above arrangement can increase the contact area of the medium to be cooled and the heat exchange pipe 16 in the rotating flow state, thereby improving the cooling efficiency and reducing the flow resistance of the medium.

[0048] The steam module includes a superheated steam pretreatment module and a gas-liquid separation device 4. The superheated steam pretreatment module includes a superheated steam pipe, which is provided with a steam pressure reducing valve 1, a steam pressure transmitter 2 and a steam temperature transmitter 3. In addition, a liquid storage tank 14 sprays desuperheating water into the superheated steam pipe through a liquid spraying pump 13 and a liquid spraying master valve 15 to cool the superheated steam to the required temperature.

[0049] The low-temperature steam obtained by the hot steam pretreatment module is treated by a gas-liquid separation device 4 and then introduced into the jacket 10 of the reaction kettle, and the gas-liquid separation device 4 is used to separate the excess liquid water in the saturated steam, so as to prevent the problem of liquid water backflow in the steam pipeline when the height difference exists between the inlet of the superheated steam and the inlet of the reaction kettle 9. Figures 3-6 As shown in the figure, the gas-liquid separation device 4 includes a shell, an inlet 41 and an outlet 43 are arranged at both ends of the shell, and a plurality of sieve nets 42 are arranged in the shell 41 in sequence. The low-temperature steam is subjected to gas-liquid separation by the plurality of sieve nets 42 in the shell.

[0050] The shell is a continuous curved surface structure, the cross-sectional area of the cavity in the shell gradually increases and then gradually decreases from the inlet to the outlet, and the inlet and the outlet are arranged on the same horizontal plane. The curved surface shape of the top surface of the shell controls the flow direction from the inlet to the outlet to be a flow route gradually downward, horizontally, and gradually upward. The above-mentioned special structure is designed to increase the residence time of the gas-liquid mixture in the shell, so that the liquid fully contacts the sieve net, to ensure that the excess water molecules in the steam are fully separated, to better ensure the saturation of the steam, and to increase the passability of the steam.

[0051] The sieve net 42 is a spherical body structure, the spherical surface of which faces the outlet, and a plurality of sieve holes 415 are arranged on the spherical surface. The sieve holes 415 are inverted water drop-shaped with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part. The cross section of the connecting line of the two ends of the sieve net 42 and the vertical plane forms an angle of 10°-40°. A plurality of guide plates 416 are arranged on the side of the sieve net 42 facing the inlet, and the guide plates 416 are used to guide the liquid to the lower part.

[0052] As shown in the figure, Figure 3 Figure 5 The bottom of the shell is communicated with a liquid collecting cavity 44, and the liquid collecting cavity 44 is provided with a liquid level sensor 46. The liquid level sensor 46 includes a floating ball, and the floating ball is arranged in the liquid collecting cavity 44. An automatic drainage device is connected to the bottom of the liquid collecting cavity 44. The automatic drainage device includes a drainage shell 45, and a condensed water discharge port 49 is arranged on the drainage shell 45. The condensed water discharge port 49 is used to discharge the liquid. A linkage rod 47 is arranged in the drainage shell 45. An umbrella-shaped valve body 410 is arranged at the top of the linkage rod 47. The umbrella-shaped valve body 410 is used to block or open an umbrella-shaped opening at the bottom of the liquid collecting cavity. A sealing ring 413 is arranged on the contact surface between the umbrella-shaped valve body 410 and the umbrella-shaped opening. A spring 411 is sleeved outside the linkage rod 47. One end of the spring 411 is fixedly connected to a spring position adjusting plate 412, and the other end of the spring 411 is connected to the umbrella-shaped valve body 410. The spring position adjusting plate 412 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drainage shell 45. One end of the linkage rod 47 penetrates through a through hole in the spring position adjusting plate 412 and can slide along the through hole.

[0053] ​The umbrella-shaped valve body 410 is controlled by the control valve 48 and can move linearly, and the control valve 48 is controlled by the signal of the liquid level sensor 46. The hydrophobic shell 45 is connected to the air inlet pipe, and the control valve 48 is arranged on the air inlet pipe. The control valve 48 is selected from a pneumatic valve or an electric valve. One end of the linkage rod 47 is provided with a sliding plate 417. The sliding plate 417 is pushed by the gas in the air inlet pipe and can move along the hydrophobic shell 45, so as to control the movement of the linkage rod 47 and further control the movement of the umbrella-shaped valve 410.

[0054] The automatic hydrophobic device can timely drain the condensed water and increase the passing property of steam, thereby laying a foundation for subsequent processes. Specifically, when the liquid level sensor 46 detects that the liquid in the liquid collecting cavity reaches a certain liquid level, a signal is fed back to the control valve 48. The control valve 48 opens the air inlet pipe. The air inlet pipe introduces gas into the lower part of the hydrophobic shell 45. The gas pressure pushes the sliding plate 417 at one end of the linkage rod to slide along the inner wall of the hydrophobic shell 45, so that the linkage rod 47 moves downward, and further drives the umbrella-shaped valve body 410 to move downward under the action of the spring 411. The umbrella-shaped opening is opened. The liquid flows out of the liquid collecting cavity 44 and is discharged by the condensed water discharge port 49. After a certain period of time, the control valve 48 is closed. The liquid collecting cavity 44 retains a small amount of liquid water for pipeline sealing. At this time, the linkage rod 47 is returned to the original position under the action of the spring 411. The umbrella-shaped valve 410 blocks the umbrella-shaped opening and no longer drains and discharges.

[0055] The hydrophobic shell 45 is provided with a waterproof piece 414, which can be made of silica gel. The waterproof piece 414 is arranged at the lower part of the spring positioning plate 412 and the upper part of the sliding plate 417. The linkage rod 47 passes through the through hole of the waterproof piece 414. The waterproof piece 414 is used to block the gas introduced by the air inlet pipe, so that the gas flows downward and pushes the sliding plate 417 of the linkage rod.

[0056] The stable vacuum degree generating module includes a water pump 12 and a jet pump 6. The input end of the jet pump 6 is connected to the reaction kettle jacket 10 and the output end of the water pump 12 through pipelines. The water pump 12 is connected to the liquid storage tank 14. The output end of the jet pump 6 is connected to the liquid storage tank 14. The stable vacuum degree generating module takes the water pump 12 and the jet pump 6 as the core. The rotational speed of the variable frequency water pump 12 is adjusted in real time according to the difference between the actual temperature and the set temperature in the reaction kettle jacket 10, so as to change the vacuum degree in the reaction kettle jacket 10.

[0057] As shown in Figures 7-9 The jet pump 6 includes a sprayer main body. The sprayer main body includes a gas-liquid mixing chamber 62. The gas-liquid mixing chamber 62 is connected to a jet injection pipe 61, an object suction pipe 64 and a gas-liquid compression parallel pipe 65, respectively. The gas-liquid compression parallel pipe 65 is connected to an outlet pipe 66. The object suction pipe 64 is arranged obliquely with the gas-liquid mixing chamber 62.

[0058] The jet injection pipe 61 is provided with a rotational flow device, which includes three rotational flow variable vanes 68, which are uniformly fixed on the inner wall of the jet injection pipe 61 to form a rotational flow guide groove structure.

[0059] The three rotational flow variable vanes 68 form a rotational flow guide groove, the rotation angle of the guide groove is designed to be 15°-360° according to the working condition, the height of the variable rotation guide groove is a variable value, and according to the working condition requirement, the highest point is between one tenth and four fifths of the radius of the pipe, the form of the guide groove is from low to high and then from high to low from the liquid inlet to the nozzle outlet, and the guide groove is flat at the nozzle outlet. When the rotational flow liquid enters the mixing chamber, a rotational combined force is formed, and the gas-liquid mixture is fully mixed, thereby increasing the mixing degree of the medium and the suction capacity of the jet device.

[0060] As shown in Figure 7 , Figure 8 The object suction pipe 64 is connected with a first anti-backflow device 63, which is a U-shaped pipe structure, the two ends of the U-shaped pipe are communicated with the two ends of the object suction pipe 64, the elbow section of the U-shaped pipe is arranged upward, and the U-shaped opening is directed to the object suction pipe 64.

[0061] The rotational flow efficient and anti-backflow jet injection device includes a second anti-backflow device 67, which includes a vane fixing frame in a ring structure, a plurality of fan-shaped vanes are connected to the inner side of the vane fixing frame, and the vanes are rotatable.

[0062] The temperature control method of the precise temperature control reaction system is as follows:

[0063] Firstly, the steam module reduces the temperature and pressure of the superheated steam, and then the steam is subjected to gas-liquid separation treatment and is introduced into the reaction kettle jacket, the stable vacuum degree generating module makes the reaction kettle jacket be in a stable vacuum degree, according to the principle that the vacuum degree and the temperature of the low-temperature saturated steam are one-to-one corresponding, the saturated steam of a specific temperature value can be obtained, so as to heat the reaction kettle and quickly reach the high temperature required by the material reaction,

[0064] The saturated steam with specific temperature value has obvious advantages compared with traditional water bath and oil bath heating methods: 1. The temperature of saturated steam is accurate and adjustable, which can avoid the deterioration of materials due to the large temperature difference during heating, and can maximize the production quality of materials; 2. During the heating process, the saturated steam in the jacket will instantaneously liquefy when it contacts the relatively low-temperature reactor inner shell, releasing a large amount of latent heat, which is in a different order of magnitude compared with the sensible heat released by traditional water bath and oil bath heating, greatly improving the heating efficiency and thus the production capacity; 3. Using steam heating also has the advantages of cleanliness, environmental protection, energy saving, etc.

[0065] After the reaction is completed and the temperature is maintained for a period of time, the multiple electromagnetic liquid spray nozzles of the liquid spray atomization device 11 spray atomized water into the jacket. When working in the temperature reduction mode, the frequency conversion water pump operates at full power throughout the process, keeping the reactor jacket at the extreme vacuum degree of the equipment. According to the principle that the lower the pressure, the easier the liquid vaporizes, this is the most favorable for the vaporization of the temperature reduction water. The electromagnetic liquid spray nozzles are evenly distributed around the reactor. The number of electromagnetic liquid spray nozzles and the amount of liquid sprayed by each electromagnetic liquid spray nozzle are matched with the extreme vacuum degree that the device can achieve. When the temperature reduction water is sprayed into the reactor jacket under the extreme vacuum degree and contacts the relatively high-temperature reactor inner shell, it will instantaneously vaporize. As the reverse process of the heat release of saturated steam liquefaction in heating mode, the vaporization of temperature reduction water will absorb a large amount of heat, rapidly reducing the temperature of the material in the reactor.

[0066] After the material in the reactor is cooled to a certain lower temperature, the liquid spray atomization device 11 is turned off, and the refrigerant cooling system is started to continue cooling. The refrigerant medium is introduced into the heat exchange pipe to maintain a certain temperature in the low-temperature mode to preserve the material.

[0067] The above working process is automatically controlled by the control system. The control system takes PLC as the control core to automatically control the entire system. The entire production process is as shown in Figure 10 The process is divided into three stages: using steam to heat the material, using spray atomization to reduce the temperature of the material, and using refrigerant cooling to preserve the material. The entire process automatically runs according to the set parameters without human intervention, improving the control accuracy while greatly reducing labor costs.

Claims

1. A precise temperature-controlled reaction system, comprising a reaction vessel (9), characterized in that, The reactor (9) is equipped with a jacket (10), which is connected to a steam module, a stable vacuum generation module, and a spray module. The steam module introduces low-temperature steam into the reactor jacket (10) to heat the reactor (9). The stable vacuum generation module generates a certain vacuum in the reactor jacket (10). The spray module is equipped with a liquid atomizing device to spray liquid into the jacket (10). The liquid vaporizes in the jacket (10) to cool the reactor (9). The reactor (9) is equipped with a refrigerant cooling system. The steam module includes a superheated steam pretreatment module and a gas-liquid separation device (4). The gas-liquid separation device (4) includes a shell with an inlet (41) and an outlet (43) at both ends of the shell, and a multi-stage screen (42) is provided inside the shell. The cross-sectional area of ​​the inner cavity of the shell gradually increases and then gradually decreases from the inlet to the outlet. The inlet (41) and outlet (43) are set on the same horizontal plane. The shape of the shell controls the airflow direction to flow gradually downward, horizontally, and gradually upward from the inlet to the outlet.

2. The precise temperature-controlled reaction system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The refrigerant cooling system includes multiple sets of heat exchange tubes (16), each set including multiple heat exchange tubes (16) connected in sequence. The heat exchange tubes (16) are vertically arranged inside the inner liner of the reactor (9). The heat exchange tubes (16) are spindle-shaped tubes, and their spindle-shaped long axis is inclined along the circumference of the inner wall of the reactor (9).

3. The precise temperature-controlled reaction system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The angle between the long axis of the spindle-shaped heat exchange tube (16) and the radial axis of the reactor passing through the center of the spindle is 0°-90°.

4. The precise temperature-controlled reaction system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the housing is connected to a liquid collection chamber (44), which is equipped with a liquid level sensor (46). An automatic drainage device is connected to the bottom of the liquid collection chamber (44). The automatic drainage device includes a drainage housing (45), on which a condensate drain outlet (49) is provided. A linkage rod (47) is provided inside the drainage housing (45), and an umbrella-shaped valve body (410) is provided at the top of the linkage rod (47). The umbrella-shaped valve body (410) is used to block or open the bottom of the liquid collection chamber. The umbrella-shaped opening has a spring (411) fitted on the outside of the linkage rod (47). One end of the spring (411) is fixedly connected to the spring adjusting plate (412), and the other end is close to the umbrella-shaped valve body (410). The spring adjusting plate (412) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hydrophobic housing (45). One end of the linkage rod (47) passes through the spring adjusting plate (412). The umbrella-shaped valve body (410) can move linearly under the control of the control valve (48). The action of the control valve (48) is controlled by the signal of the liquid level sensor (46).

5. The precise temperature-controlled reaction system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The hydrophobic housing (45) is connected to the air inlet pipe, and a control valve (48) is provided on the air inlet pipe. A sliding plate (417) is provided at one end of the linkage rod (47). The sliding plate (417) can move along the hydrophobic housing (45) under the push of the air inlet pipe, thereby controlling the movement of the umbrella-shaped valve body (410) connected to the linkage rod (47).

6. The precise temperature-controlled reaction system according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, The screen (42) has a spherical structure with its spherical surface facing the outlet. It has multiple screen holes (415). The screen holes (415) are teardrop-shaped with a wider top and a narrower bottom. The line connecting the two ends of the screen (42) forms an angle of 10°-40° with the vertical plane. Multiple guide plates (416) are provided on the side of the screen (42) facing the inlet.

7. The precise temperature-controlled reaction system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stable vacuum generation module includes a water pump (12) and a jet pump (6). The jet pump (6) includes an ejector body, which includes a gas-liquid mixing chamber. The gas-liquid mixing chamber (62) is connected to the jet inlet pipe (61), the object suction pipe (64), and the outlet pipe (66), respectively. A swirling device is provided inside the jet inlet pipe (61). The swirling device includes two or more swirling gradient blades (68). The two or more swirling gradient blades (68) are evenly distributed and fixed on the inner wall of the jet inlet pipe (61). The swirling gradient blades (68) form a spiral structure around the axis of the jet inlet pipe (61), and the width of the swirling gradient blades (68) gradually increases from the jet inlet to the gas-liquid mixing chamber (62). The object suction pipe (64) is connected to a first anti-backflow device (63). The first anti-backflow device (63) is a U-shaped pipe structure, and the two ends of the U-shaped pipe are connected to the object suction pipe (64), respectively.

8. The precise temperature-controlled reaction system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Its temperature control method is as follows: First, the steam module introduces steam into the reactor jacket (10) to heat the reactor (9) and quickly reach the high temperature required for the material reaction; After the reaction is completed and kept at a certain temperature for a period of time, the spray module sprays water into the jacket (10). The stable vacuum generation module maintains the ultimate vacuum of the reactor jacket (10). When the water is sprayed into the reactor jacket (10) under the ultimate vacuum and comes into contact with the relatively high temperature reactor (9) inner liner, it will instantly vaporize. At this time, the water vaporization will absorb a large amount of heat, causing the material in the reactor (9) to cool down rapidly. After the material in the reactor (9) is cooled to a certain low temperature, the spray module is turned off and the refrigerant cooling system is started to continue cooling and maintain a certain low temperature mode to preserve the material.

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