A turbo-oscillating impactor

Abstract

The application provides a turbine type oscillation impactor, and belongs to the technical field of oil and gas exploration and development, and comprises an outer shell, a transmission core shaft arranged in the inner portion of the outer shell, the transmission core shaft rotating under the action of fluid, and a cam impact mechanism arranged at the upper end of the transmission core shaft, the cam impact mechanism generating periodic expansion and contraction when the transmission core shaft rotates, wherein a throttle valve port is arranged on the cam impact mechanism, and the size of the throttle valve port periodically changes when the cam impact mechanism expands and contracts. The application can stably generate oscillation, is suitable for environments such as ultra-deep horizontal wells, and can avoid erosion valve groups.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a turbine-type oscillating impactor, belonging to the field of oil and gas exploration and development technology. Background Technology

[0002] With the accelerated pace of unconventional oil and gas exploration and development, extended reach wells and horizontal wells have been rapidly adopted due to their significant economic benefits and ability to meet specific operational objectives. During long horizontal drilling, as the well inclination angle and open hole length increase, the drill string contacts the wellbore over a long distance due to gravity, resulting in significant frictional resistance (including axial friction and frictional torque) between the drill string and the wellbore. This leads to difficulties in applying drilling pressure during sliding drilling, challenges in tool face placement, and very low rates of drilling (RDR). Therefore, with the increasing number of extended reach wells and horizontal wells being constructed, effectively reducing drill string friction to improve RDR and increase wellbore extension capacity has become a key focus of research and construction.

[0003] Currently, the main methods for reducing friction in extended reach wells and horizontal wells, both domestically and internationally, include: adjusting drilling fluid properties; strengthening wellbore stability; enhancing solids control technology; optimizing wellbore trajectory; optimizing drill string assembly; and using various drag-reducing tools. However, all drag-reducing and speed-up tools have certain limitations: rotary steerable drilling equipment is costly, hybrid drill bits have low mechanical drilling speeds, and some friction-reducing stabilizers have limited drag-reducing effects.

[0004] Hydraulic oscillators utilize a portion of hydraulic energy to convert it into drill string vibration energy, transforming the static friction between the drill string and the wellbore into dynamic friction, thereby improving drilling speed and extension capability in long horizontal sections. Hydraulic oscillators consist of a pulse generator and a vibration generator. However, existing hydraulic oscillators suffer from problems such as unstable performance, excessive overall pressure drop, limited application conditions in ultra-deep horizontal wells, and insignificant drag reduction effects in long horizontal sections. Furthermore, the operation of hydraulic oscillators can erode valve assemblies, affecting the friction reduction and pressure prevention effects in the later stages of tool use. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes a turbine-type oscillating impactor that can stably generate oscillations, is suitable for environments such as ultra-deep horizontal wells, and can avoid erosion of valve groups.

[0006] This invention proposes a turbine-type oscillating impactor, comprising:

[0007] outer shell;

[0008] A drive spindle disposed inside the outer casing, the drive spindle rotating under the action of a fluid; and

[0009] A cam impact mechanism is installed at the upper end of the transmission spindle, and the cam impact mechanism generates periodic extension and contraction when the transmission spindle rotates;

[0010] The cam impact mechanism is equipped with a throttle valve, the size of which changes periodically as the cam impact mechanism extends and retracts.

[0011] A further improvement of the present invention is that a turbine rotation mechanism is provided on the outside of the transmission mandrel, and the turbine rotation mechanism drives the transmission mandrel to rotate under the action of fluid.

[0012] A further improvement of the present invention is that an upper connector is provided at the upper end of the outer shell and a lower connector is provided at the lower end; an annular groove is provided on the inner wall of the outer shell for mounting the turbine rotation mechanism.

[0013] A further improvement of the present invention is that an adjusting sleeve is provided between the annular groove and the turbine rotation mechanism.

[0014] A further improvement of the present invention is that the cam impact mechanism includes a cam anvil connected to the transmission spindle and a cam hammer disposed on the upper connector; the cam anvil and the cam hammer are provided with mutually cooperating cam step surfaces.

[0015] A further improvement of the present invention is that a lower cam is provided on the side of the cam anvil;

[0016] The upper end of the cam hammer is provided with an annular upper end surface, and the lower end is provided with a cylinder sleeved on the rotating core. The lower end of the cylinder is provided with an upper cam, and the side of the cylinder is provided with the throttle valve port.

[0017] A further improvement of the present invention is that a flow guiding annular groove is provided on the inner wall of the upper connector, and its upper end is connected to the annular groove of the outer shell; the upper end of the flow guiding annular groove forms a stepped structure;

[0018] When the cam hammer extends or retracts, the size of the throttle valve orifice changes periodically under the obstruction of the stepped structure.

[0019] A further improvement of the present invention is that the cam step surface includes an inclined surface and a vertical surface. When the transmission spindle rotates, the inclined surface of the upper cam cooperates with the inclined surface of the lower cam, causing the cam hammer to extend upward. When it moves to the point where the vertical surface of the upper cam is misaligned with the vertical surface of the lower cam, the cam hammer retracts downward to generate an impact force.

[0020] A further improvement of the present invention is that the upper part of the transmission spindle is provided with an upper centering bearing inner ring and the lower part is provided with a lower centering bearing inner ring; the upper part of the outer casing is provided with an upper centering bearing outer ring that mates with the upper centering bearing inner ring and the lower part is provided with a lower centering bearing outer ring that mates with the lower centering bearing inner ring.

[0021] A further improvement of the present invention is that an annular support is provided at the lower end of the transmission spindle, and the lower end face of the annular support is supported on the upper end face of the lower connector.

[0022] A further improvement of the present invention is that a confluence channel is provided on the side wall of the annular support member.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] This invention discloses a turbine-type oscillating impactor, which is more stable, suitable for environments such as ultra-deep horizontal wells, and avoids the problem of valve assembly erosion. Fluid flows into the outer casing, and the turbine rotating device rotates under the action of the fluid, thereby driving the transmission spindle to rotate. During the rotation of the transmission spindle, the cam impact mechanism extends and retracts, generating impact force during the extension and retraction. Simultaneously, the extension and retraction of the cam impact mechanism changes the flow area of ​​the throttle valve orifice, causing changes in the fluid flow rate, thus resulting in periodic pressure changes above, forming pressure pulses. The pressure pulses and impact force work together to produce periodic oscillations.

[0025] The turbine-type oscillating impactor of the present invention generates hydraulic pulse pressure through throttling on the one hand, and mechanical impact force through mechanical collision on the other hand, both of which can play the role of vibration reduction. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0027] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a turbine-type oscillating impactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a cam anvil body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the structure of a cam punch according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a cam impact mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention, illustrating the retracted state of the cam impact hammer and the cam anvil.

[0031] Figure 5 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a cam impact mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention, illustrating the engagement state of the cam impact hammer and the cam anvil.

[0032] Figure 6 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a cam impact mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing the extended state of the cam impact hammer and the cam anvil.

[0033] In the accompanying drawings, the same parts use the same reference numerals. The drawings are not drawn to scale.

[0034] The meanings of the reference numerals in the attached figures are as follows:

[0035] 1. Outer shell; 2. Transmission spindle; 3. Cam impact mechanism; 11. Upper connector; 12. Lower connector; 13. Adjusting sleeve; 14. Boss; 15. Outer ring of upper straightening bearing; 16. Outer ring of lower straightening bearing; 17. Stepped structure; 21. Turbine rotation mechanism; 22. Inner ring of upper straightening bearing; 23. Inner ring of lower straightening bearing; 24. Annular support; 25. Converging channel; 31. Cam anvil; 32. Cam hammer; 33. Upper cam; 34. Lower cam; 35. Throttling valve port; 36. Rotating core; 37. Inclined surface; 38. Vertical surface. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not an exhaustive list of all embodiments. Furthermore, without conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0037] Figure 1 The diagram schematically illustrates a turbine-type oscillating impactor according to the present invention, comprising a housing 1, which is cylindrical in shape. A transmission spindle 2 is disposed inside the housing 1, and the transmission spindle 2 rotates under the action of a fluid. A cam impact mechanism 3 is also disposed inside the housing 1, located at the upper end of the transmission spindle 2. The cam impact mechanism 3 periodically extends and retracts as the transmission spindle 2 rotates; wherein, a throttling valve orifice 35 is provided on the cam impact mechanism 3, and the size of the throttling valve orifice 35 changes periodically during the extension and retraction of the cam impact mechanism 3.

[0038] When using the turbine-type oscillating impactor according to this embodiment, fluid flows into the outer casing 1. Under the action of the fluid, the transmission spindle 2 rotates. During the rotation of the transmission spindle 2, the cam impact mechanism 3 extends and retracts, generating an impact force during the extension and retraction. Simultaneously, the extension and retraction of the cam impact mechanism 3 changes the size of the throttle valve orifice 35, causing a change in the fluid flow rate. This results in a periodic change in the pressure above, forming pressure pulses. The pressure pulses and the impact force work together to produce periodic oscillations.

[0039] In one embodiment, a turbine rotation mechanism 21 is provided on the outside of the transmission spindle 2. The turbine rotation mechanism 21 drives the transmission spindle 2 to rotate under the action of fluid. In this embodiment, the turbine rotation mechanism 21 is a turbine stator and rotor, wherein the turbine stator and rotor include several annular cylindrical structures, and several blades are provided inside. The blades are inclined and, when the fluid passes through, pushes the blades to make the transmission spindle 2 rotate.

[0040] When the fluid flows, it enters the annular gap between the transmission spindle 2 and the outer shell 1. During the flow, it pushes the blades of the turbine rotation mechanism 21 to rotate. When the turbine rotation mechanism 21 rotates, it drives the transmission spindle 2 to rotate. When the transmission spindle 2 rotates, it extends and retracts through the cam impact mechanism 3 via the cam.

[0041] In one embodiment, the upper end of the outer casing 1 is provided with an upper connector 11, and the lower end is provided with a lower connector 12; the inner wall of the outer casing 1 is provided with an annular groove for mounting the turbine rotation mechanism 21. The lower part of the outer casing 1 is provided with an annular boss 14, the upper side of the boss 14 forms the annular groove, and the lower side also has a certain annular space.

[0042] The transmission spindle 2 and the turbine rotation mechanism 21 are arranged coaxially within the annular groove. An adjusting sleeve 13 is provided between the annular groove and the turbine rotation mechanism 21 for adjusting the gap.

[0043] In one embodiment, the cam impact mechanism 3 includes a cam anvil 31 connected to the transmission spindle 2 and a cam hammer 32 disposed on the upper connector 11. The cam anvil 31 rotates with the transmission spindle 2, and the cam hammer 32 can move axially within the upper connector 11. In this embodiment, the cam anvil 31 and the cam hammer 32 are provided with mutually cooperating cam step surfaces. Through relative rotation, the cam step surfaces cooperate to cause the cam hammer 32 to move axially.

[0044] In one embodiment, a lower cam 34 is provided on the side of the cam anvil 31. The lower cam 34 is a stepped cam, and a rotating core 36 is located above it. The cross-section of the rotating core 36 can be a polygonal prism or a circular prism. The radius of the rotating core 36 is smaller than the radius of the portion of the cam anvil 31 below the lower cam 34, with the lower cam 34 serving as a step for transition.

[0045] The upper end of the cam hammer 32 is provided with an annular upper surface, which serves as a pressure surface for fluid flow and tends to move downward under the pushing force of the fluid. The lower end of the cam hammer 32 is provided with a cylinder, which is sleeved on the rotating core 36 and can rotate on the rotating core 36. The lower end of the cylinder is provided with an upper cam 33, and the throttling valve port 35 is provided on the side of the cylinder.

[0046] In another embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the cam anvil 31 has a cylindrical structure with a lower cam 34 at its lower end. The upper end of the cam hammer 32 has an annular upper surface, which serves as a pressure surface for fluid flow and tends to move downwards under the pushing force of the fluid. The lower end of the cam hammer 32 has a tubular structure, as shown... Figure 3 As shown, an upper cam 33 is provided on its side, the upper cam 33 has a stepped surface, and a rotating core 36 is provided below it. The rotating core 36 is inserted into the interior of the cam anvil 31. The throttle valve port 35 is provided on the side of the cam hammer 32.

[0047] In one embodiment, a flow guide annular groove is provided on the inner wall of the upper connector 11, and its upper end is connected to the annular groove of the outer casing 1; the upper end of the flow guide annular groove forms a stepped structure 17. When the cam hammer 32 extends and retracts, the size of the throttle valve port 35 changes periodically under the obstruction of the stepped structure 17.

[0048] In the turbine-type oscillating impactor according to this embodiment, when the cam anvil 31 rotates with the transmission spindle 2, the lower cam 34 rotates accordingly. When it cooperates with the upper cam 33, due to the concave and convex nature of the cam structure, the cam hammer 32 extends and retracts axially, thereby changing the position of the throttle valve port 35. The portion of the step structure 17 that blocks the throttle valve port 35 also changes, causing the size of the exposed throttle valve port 35 to change periodically.

[0049] In one embodiment, the cam step surface includes an inclined surface 37 and a vertical surface 38, which, during initial contraction, are as follows: Figure 4 As shown, when the transmission spindle 2 rotates, the inclined surface 37 of the upper cam 33 engages with the inclined surface 37 of the lower cam 34, causing the cam punch 32 to extend upwards, as... Figure 5 As shown; when it moves to the vertical surface 38 of the upper cam 33 and the vertical surface 38 of the lower cam 34, it extends to its maximum position, as shown. Figure 6 As shown, after being misaligned, the cam hammer 32 retracts downward to generate an impact force, such as... Figure 4 As shown.

[0050] In one embodiment, the upper end of the transmission spindle 2 is provided with an upper centering bearing inner ring 22, and the lower end is provided with a lower centering bearing inner ring 23; the upper part of the outer shell 1 is provided with an upper centering bearing outer ring 15 that cooperates with the upper centering bearing inner ring 22, and the lower part is provided with a lower centering bearing outer ring 16 that cooperates with the lower centering bearing inner ring 23.

[0051] By setting the inner ring 22 of the upper centering bearing, the outer ring 15 of the upper centering bearing, the inner ring 23 of the lower centering bearing, and the outer ring 16 of the lower centering bearing, the transmission spindle 2 is always in the centered position when it rotates, ensuring that the upper cam 33 and the lower cam 34 are coaxial and opposite, and avoiding misalignment.

[0052] In addition, the outer ring 15 of the upper centering bearing and the outer ring 16 of the lower centering bearing are provided with several through holes for fluid to enter.

[0053] In one embodiment, the lower end of the transmission spindle 2 is provided with an annular support 24, and the lower end face of the annular support 24 is supported on the upper end face of the lower connector 12.

[0054] Preferably, a confluence channel 25 is provided on the side wall of the annular support 24.

[0055] When using the turbine-type oscillating impactor according to this embodiment, after the fluid enters the housing 1 from the upper connector 11, it provides a downward thrust to the cam hammer 32. Simultaneously, the fluid enters the annular cavity between the housing 1 and the drive spindle 2 through the throttle valve 35 of the cam hammer 32, and then enters the turbine rotation mechanism 21 through the outer ring of the straightening bearing, driving the turbine rotation mechanism 21 to rotate, thereby causing the drive spindle 2 to rotate. Finally, the fluid enters the lower connector 12 through the annular support 24 and the confluence channel 25 and exits.

[0056] When the transmission spindle 2 rotates, it drives the cam anvil 31 to rotate. The lower cam 34 of the cam anvil 31 rotates relative to the upper cam 33. The inclined surface 37 of the upper cam 33 cooperates with the inclined surface 37 of the lower cam 34. While rotating, the cam hammer 32 extends upward. The lower part of the throttle valve port 35 is blocked by the stepped structure 17, which reduces its cross-section and the flow rate, while increasing the pressure above.

[0057] When the cam anvil 31 rotates until the vertical surface 38 of the upper cam 33 is misaligned with the vertical surface 38 of the lower cam 34, the cam hammer 32 retracts downward under the pressure from above, generating an impact force. At the same time, the cross-section of the throttle valve port 35 increases, and the flow rate relatively increases.

[0058] Periodic oscillations are generated by the combined action of the impact force of the cam hammer 32 and the pulse pressure of the fluid.

[0059] In this invention, the directional terms "upper" and "lower" are used with reference to the actual working position of the turbine-type oscillating impactor.

[0060] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and / or modifications falling within the scope of the invention, and all changes and / or modifications made according to embodiments of the invention should be covered within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A turbine-type oscillating impactor, characterized in that, include: The outer shell (1) has an upper connector (11) at its upper end. A drive spindle (2) is disposed inside the outer casing (1), the drive spindle (2) rotates under the action of fluid, and a turbine rotation mechanism (21) is disposed outside the drive spindle (2), the turbine rotation mechanism (21) drives the drive spindle (2) to rotate under the action of fluid; and A cam impact mechanism (3) is provided at the upper end of the transmission spindle (2), and the cam impact mechanism (3) generates periodic extension and contraction when the transmission spindle (2) rotates; The cam impact mechanism (3) is provided with a throttle valve (35), and the size of the throttle valve (35) changes periodically when the cam impact mechanism (3) extends or retracts. The cam impact mechanism (3) includes a cam anvil (31) connected to the transmission spindle (2) and a cam hammer (32) provided on the upper connector (11); the cam anvil (31) and the cam hammer (32) are provided with mutually cooperating cam step surfaces; The side of the cam anvil (31) is provided with a lower cam (34). The upper end of the cam hammer (32) is provided with an annular upper end surface, and the lower end is provided with a cylinder sleeved on the rotating core (36). The lower end of the cylinder is provided with an upper cam (33), and the side of the cylinder is provided with the throttle valve port (35). The inner wall of the upper connector (11) is provided with a flow guide ring groove, the upper end of which is connected to the annular groove of the outer shell (1); the upper end of the flow guide ring groove forms a stepped structure (17); when the cam hammer (32) extends and retracts, the size of the throttle valve port (35) changes periodically under the obstruction of the stepped structure (17).

2. The turbine-type oscillating impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the outer shell (1) is provided with a lower connector (12); the inner wall of the outer shell (1) is provided with an annular groove for installing the turbine rotation mechanism (21).

3. The turbine-type oscillating impactor according to claim 2, characterized in that, An adjusting sleeve (13) is provided between the annular groove and the turbine rotating mechanism (21).

4. The turbine-type oscillating impactor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cam step surface includes an inclined surface (37) and a vertical surface (38). When the transmission spindle (2) rotates, the inclined surface (37) of the upper cam (33) cooperates with the inclined surface (37) of the lower cam (34) to make the cam hammer (32) extend upward. When it moves to the point where the vertical surface (38) of the upper cam (33) is misaligned with the vertical surface (38) of the lower cam (34), the cam hammer (32) retracts downward to generate an impact force.

5. The turbine-type oscillating impactor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper part of the transmission spindle (2) is provided with an upper centering bearing inner ring (22), and the lower part is provided with a lower centering bearing inner ring (23); the upper part of the outer shell (1) is provided with an upper centering bearing outer ring (15) that cooperates with the upper centering bearing inner ring (22), and the lower part is provided with a lower centering bearing outer ring (16) that cooperates with the lower centering bearing inner ring (23).

6. The turbine-type oscillating impactor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lower end of the transmission spindle (2) is provided with an annular support (24), and the lower end face of the annular support (24) is supported on the upper end face of the lower connector (12).

7. The turbine-type oscillating impactor according to claim 6, characterized in that, A confluence channel (25) is provided on the side wall of the annular support (24).

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