A tunnel or gallery ventilation table dust removal device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a tunnel or roadway ventilation surface cooling dust removal device and method, which comprises a heat exchange device, a condensate storage chamber, a condensate cooling chamber, a controller, a pump control device and a support; the heat exchange device comprises heat exchange pipes and fins installed on the heat exchange pipes, and the fins are perpendicular to the heat exchange pipes; the heat exchange pipes are uniformly distributed in the middle part of the support; the condensate storage chamber and the condensate cooling chamber are located at the lower end of the support; the condensate storage chamber comprises a liquid inlet pipe and a condensate injection port, and the condensate cooling chamber comprises a liquid outlet pipe and a condensate outlet; the controller is arranged on the side of the support; the pump control device is arranged on the other side of the support; the upper end of the support is packaged by a cover plate; a ventilation window is arranged on the front of the support, and louver blades are arranged on the window. The overall flow path and flow area of the condensate through the heat exchange pipes can be adjusted, so that the ventilation and cooling effect in the tunnel can be adjusted according to different working conditions; and the atomization dust removal device is arranged, so that the air in the tunnel or roadway can be further purified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a ventilation surface cooling and dust removal device and method for tunnels or roadways, specifically to a device and method for cooling and removing dust from the surface of hot air in tunnels and roadways, belonging to the field of cooling and dust removal in tunnels and roadways. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of society, and to meet the growing needs of people's production and life, more and more underground mineral and underground space resources are being developed and utilized. In the process of developing and utilizing these mineral and underground space resources, the excavation of tunnels and roadways is inevitable. During the excavation of tunnels and roadways, it is necessary to ensure good ventilation and temperature conditions. Especially in recent years, the "people-oriented" construction concept has been increasingly emphasized, placing new demands on the ventilation and temperature environment within tunnels and roadways. Typically, due to the long excavation length of tunnels and roadways, traditional ventilation methods have limited effectiveness in cooling and dust removal, often resulting in heat and dust near the working face not being discharged and eliminated in a timely manner, affecting the working environment of workers at the working face. For example, ventilation fans are commonly used in tunnels or roadways. However, these fans cannot cool the air inside the tunnel or roadway during ventilation, and only a portion of the dust in the air is carried out, leaving the dust at the working face unremoved in a short time. When using the shield tunneling method for tunnel excavation, air conditioning is installed in the working area in front of the tunnel boring machine for cooling. However, the air conditioning units themselves generate heat, affecting the cooling effect, increasing energy consumption, and thus impacting the working conditions of workers and construction machinery. Furthermore, when using traditional mining methods to excavate tunnels, there is often a lot of dust near the working face. Although ventilation and dust removal devices are used, some dust remains in the air and cannot be expelled, seriously affecting the working environment. Moreover, traditional ventilation or dust removal devices only have a single ventilation or dust removal function; in the limited space of tunnels and roadways, a large number of devices can severely encroach on the working space of workers. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to provide a ventilation surface cooling and dust removal device for tunnels or roadways, which can effectively regulate the temperature of the construction site in the tunnel or roadway, reduce dust on the working face, and achieve the functions of energy saving, cooling and dust removal in the tunnel or roadway.

[0004] This invention involves installing a ventilation surface cooling dust removal device in excavated tunnels or roadways. When hot air flows through the device, it exchanges heat with the heat exchange system, thereby reducing the temperature of the hot air. Simultaneously, when the spraying function of the heat exchange system is activated, the condensate in the heat exchange system is sprayed outward to contact the dust in the hot air, reducing the dust content in the hot air. This achieves both cooling and dust removal effects on the hot air in the tunnel or roadway.

[0005] This invention provides a ventilation and dust removal device for tunnels or roadways, comprising a heat exchange device, a condensate storage chamber, a condensate cooling chamber, a controller, a pump control device, and a support frame. The heat exchange device includes heat exchange tubes and fins mounted on the heat exchange tubes, with the fins perpendicular to the heat exchange tubes. The heat exchange tubes are evenly distributed in the middle of the support frame. The condensate storage chamber and the condensate cooling chamber are located at the lower end of the support frame. The condensate storage chamber includes an inlet pipe and a condensate injection port, and the condensate cooling chamber includes an outlet pipe and a condensate outlet. The controller is located on one side of the support frame, and the pump control device is located on the other side of the support frame. The upper end of the support frame is enclosed by a cover plate, and a ventilation window with louvers is located on the front of the support frame. The air outlet is located at the other end of the support frame.

[0006] Furthermore, the support is a cubic support, which includes two pillars on the left and two pillars on the right, with the heat exchange device located in the middle of the pillars.

[0007] Furthermore, a cubic condensate storage chamber and a condensate cooling chamber are fixed at the lower end of the support. The condensate storage chamber is used to store condensate, and the condensate cooling chamber is used to collect condensate after heat exchange. There is a gap between the condensate storage chamber and the condensate cooling chamber, and they are not connected.

[0008] Furthermore, the condensate is one of tap water, CaCl2 solution, low-concentration methanol, or low-concentration ethanol (mass concentration range of 0.1-5%).

[0009] Furthermore, the set of heat exchange tubes includes two horizontal connecting pipes and several vertical heat exchange tubes. The upper ends of the several vertical heat exchange tubes are connected to one horizontal connecting pipe, and the lower ends are connected to another horizontal connecting pipe. A switch valve is provided on the horizontal connecting pipe between two adjacent vertical heat exchange tubes. In each set of heat exchange tubes, the two horizontal connecting pipes are respectively connected to the two horizontal connecting main pipes in their vertical direction, and a switch valve is provided at the connection. The bottom horizontal connecting main pipe one is connected to the liquid inlet pipe, and the top horizontal connecting main pipe two is connected to the liquid outlet pipe, so as to form a series and parallel flow channel for condensate in the heat exchange tubes to reflect different operating conditions.

[0010] Furthermore, the heat exchange tube is made of metal, specifically silver, copper, aluminum, or an aluminum alloy.

[0011] Furthermore, the fins are made of metal, specifically aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, nickel, titanium, or steel.

[0012] Furthermore, in the heat exchange tubes near the air outlet (away from the ventilation window), some vertical heat exchange tubes have a row of small holes in the vertical direction. These vertical heat exchange tubes with small holes are arranged alternately with those without. When the vertical heat exchange tube with the row of small holes is turned on, condensate is sprayed out from the holes, forming a water mist to remove dust from the tunnel air. The small holes are circular, with a diameter of 0.2-2 mm. When the condensate is sprayed out from the holes, it forms fine water droplets, achieving a mist effect.

[0013] Furthermore, the front end of the inlet pipe is connected to an inlet check valve, and the front end of the outlet pipe is connected to an outlet check valve.

[0014] Furthermore, the controller includes a main switch, a valve control module, a dust removal control module, and a louver control module; wherein, the main switch controls the opening and closing of the entire device; the valve control module is used to control the opening and closing of the valves on the heat exchange tubes in the heat exchange device, and the size of the valve opening, so as to adjust the flow channel and flow rate of the condensate in the heat exchange tubes; the dust removal control module is used to control the opening and closing of the vertical heat exchange tubes with a row of small holes, so as to achieve the function of turning on and off the dust removal function and controlling the amount of atomized condensate sprayed out; the louver control module is used to control the angle of the louvers on the ventilation window, further controlling the amount of airflow in the device.

[0015] Furthermore, the pump control device is used to provide the circulation power of condensate in the ventilation surface cooling dust removal device of the entire tunnel or roadway, including a condensate storage chamber temperature sensor, a condensate cooling chamber temperature sensor, a condensate circulation pump, and a control center; wherein, the condensate storage chamber temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature of the condensate in the condensate storage chamber, and the condensate cooling chamber temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature of the condensate in the condensate cooling chamber and feed it back to the control center.

[0016] Furthermore, if the temperature difference between the temperature sensor in the condensate storage chamber and the temperature sensor in the condensate cooling chamber is less than a first difference threshold, the condensate in the condensate cooling chamber is pumped into the condensate injection port through the condensate exchange outlet for continued recycling. If the temperature difference between the temperature sensor in the condensate storage chamber and the temperature sensor in the condensate cooling chamber is less than a second difference threshold but greater than the first difference threshold, an ice crystal box is added to the condensate cooling chamber to cool the condensate, and then the condensate in the condensate cooling chamber is pumped into the condensate injection port through the condensate exchange outlet for continued recycling. If the temperature difference between the temperature sensor in the condensate storage chamber and the temperature sensor in the condensate cooling chamber is greater than the second difference threshold, the condensate in the condensate cooling chamber is discharged into the recovery unit through the condensate exchange outlet, and an equal amount of new condensate is injected into the condensate storage chamber through the condensate injection port to ensure the normal circulation of the entire tunnel or roadway ventilation surface cooling dust removal device.

[0017] Furthermore, a float is installed in the condensate storage chamber. When the float falls below the scale threshold, condensate is added to the condensate storage chamber until the upper limit of the condensate storage chamber is reached.

[0018] Furthermore, the condensate storage chamber and the condensate cooling chamber can be interchanged, allowing for functional interchangeability.

[0019] This invention provides a method for surface cooling and dust removal in tunnels or alleyways, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0020] (1) Measure the temperature and dust content of the air in the tunnel or alleyway;

[0021] (2) Based on the air temperature and dust content in the tunnel or alley measured in step (1), determine the flow channel and flow rate of the condensate in the heat exchange tube, the amount of atomized condensate to be sprayed from the vertical small hole of the heat exchange tube, and the air flow rate in the ventilation window.

[0022] (3) Position the ventilation window of the aforementioned tunnel or roadway ventilation surface cooling dust removal device directly in the direction of airflow within the tunnel or roadway, and turn on the main switch on the controller to start the tunnel or roadway ventilation surface cooling dust removal device; at the same time, according to the relevant parameters determined in step (2), open the relevant switch valves on the heat exchange tubes in the heat exchange device through the switch valve control module, and adjust the opening size of the relevant switch valves to control the flow channel and flow rate of the condensate in the heat exchange tubes; open the switch valves of the vertical heat exchange tubes with a row of small holes through the dust removal control module, and adjust the opening size of the relevant switch valves to control the amount of atomized condensate sprayed out; adjust the angle of the louvers on the ventilation window through the louver control module to control the amount of airflow within the device;

[0023] (4) Air in the tunnel or roadway flows into the ventilation surface cooling dust removal device through the ventilation window. The air comes into contact with the heat exchange tubes and fins on the heat exchange tubes and exchanges heat with the condensate in the heat exchange tubes, thereby lowering the temperature of the air. During the ventilation surface cooling dust removal process, the temperature sensor of the condensate storage chamber monitors the temperature of the condensate in the condensate storage chamber, and the temperature sensor of the condensate cooling chamber monitors the temperature of the condensate in the condensate cooling chamber and feeds the monitored temperatures back to the control center. If the temperature difference between the temperature sensor of the condensate storage chamber and the temperature sensor of the condensate cooling chamber is less than the first difference threshold, the condensate in the condensate cooling chamber is pumped into the condensate injection port through the condensate exchange outlet to continue circulating. In use: If the temperature difference between the temperature sensor in the condensate storage chamber and the temperature sensor in the condensate cooling chamber is less than the second difference threshold but greater than the first difference threshold, an ice crystal box is added to the condensate cooling chamber to cool the condensate, and then the condensate in the condensate cooling chamber is pumped into the condensate injection port through the condensate exchange outlet for continued circulation; if the temperature difference between the temperature sensor in the condensate storage chamber and the temperature sensor in the condensate cooling chamber is greater than the second difference threshold, the condensate in the condensate cooling chamber is discharged into the recovery unit through the condensate exchange outlet, and an equal amount of new condensate is injected into the condensate storage chamber through the condensate injection port to ensure the normal circulation of the condensate in the entire tunnel or roadway ventilation surface cooling dust removal device;

[0024] (5) When the air in the tunnel or roadway flows to the vertical heat exchange tube with small holes, the atomized condensate sprayed from the small holes combines with the dust-laden air, carrying the dust away from the air in the tunnel or roadway, and the air flows out from the ventilation surface cooling dust removal device in the tunnel or roadway.

[0025] (6) When the air in the tunnel or roadway meets the relevant national or regional requirements, the relevant switch valves on the heat exchange tube are closed through the switch valve control module, the switch valves on the vertical heat exchange tube with a row of small holes are closed through the dust removal control module, the louvers are closed through the louver control module, and finally the tunnel or roadway ventilation surface cooling dust removal device is closed through the main switch on the controller.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0027] (1) By controlling the opening and closing of the switch valve on the heat exchange tube, the overall flow path and flow area of ​​the condensate through the heat exchange tube can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the ventilation and cooling effect in the tunnel according to different working conditions.

[0028] (2) Atomizing dust removal device is installed. Some heat exchange tubes have small holes, which can spray condensate liquid into the air by opening the small holes. At the same time as ventilation and cooling of the tunnel or roadway, the air in the tunnel or roadway is dusted, so as to achieve the effect of repurifying the air in the tunnel or roadway.

[0029] (3) It can effectively regulate the temperature of the construction site in the tunnel or roadway, so as to achieve the effect of energy saving and cooling in the tunnel or roadway. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 Front view of a ventilation surface cooling dust removal device for tunnels or roadways (corresponding to) Figure 2 (Cross-section view of line I-I)

[0031] Figure 2 Side view of a ventilation surface cooling dust removal device in a tunnel or alley (corresponding to) Figure 1 (Cross-section view of line II-II)

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a heat exchange tube with a small hole.

[0033] In the diagram: 1 is the condensate storage chamber, 2 is the condensate cooling chamber, 3 is the controller, 4 is the pump control device, 5 is the support, 6 is the heat exchange tube, 7 is the fin, 8 is the liquid inlet pipe, 9 is the condensate injection port, 10 is the liquid outlet pipe, 11 is the condensate outlet, 12 is the horizontal connecting pipe, 13 is the vertical heat exchange tube, 14 is the switch valve, 15 is the horizontal connecting main pipe, 16 is the small hole, 17 is the condensate circulation pump, 18 is the condensate replenishment container, and 19 is the condensate recovery device. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will be further illustrated by the following embodiments, but is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0035] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the present invention provides a surface cooling dust removal device for tunnel or roadway ventilation, comprising a heat exchange device, a condensate storage chamber 1, a condensate cooling chamber 2, a controller 3, a pump control device 4, and a support 5. The heat exchange device includes heat exchange tubes 6 and fins 7 mounted on the heat exchange tubes. The heat exchange tubes 6 are evenly distributed in the middle of the support, and the fins 7 are perpendicular to the heat exchange tubes 6. Specifically, the heat exchange tubes 6 are made of copper, and the fins 7 are made of aluminum alloy. The function of installing the fins 7 on the heat exchange tubes is to increase the heat exchange area.

[0036] The support 5 can be, but is not limited to, a cubic support. The cubic support includes two pillars on the left and two pillars on the right, with the four pillars forming a cubic support. The heat exchange device is located in the middle of the pillars. The upper end of the support is enclosed by a cover plate. A ventilation window is provided on the front of the support, and an air outlet window is provided on the other end. Louvers are provided on the ventilation window.

[0037] The lower end of the support 5 consists of a condensate storage chamber 1 and a condensate cooling chamber 2. The condensate storage chamber 1 and the condensate cooling chamber 2 are arranged in parallel and are both cubic chambers. Their horizontal projected area is approximately 1 / 2 of the bottom area of ​​the support 5. The condensate storage chamber 1 is used to store condensate, and the condensate cooling chamber 2 is used to collect condensate after heat exchange. There is a gap between the condensate storage chamber 1 and the condensate cooling chamber 2, and they are not directly connected to each other to ensure that the temperature of the condensate in the condensate storage chamber 1 and the condensate cooling chamber 2 does not affect each other. Specifically, in this embodiment, the condensate is tap water.

[0038] The condensate storage chamber 1 includes an inlet pipe 8 and a condensate injection port 9, which is connected to an external condensate replenishment container 18. The condensate cooling chamber 2 includes an outlet pipe 10 and a condensate exchange outlet 11, which is connected to an external condensate recovery unit 19.

[0039] Figure 3 The diagram shows a set of heat exchange tubes. The entire heat exchange device consists of multiple sets of such heat exchange tubes. Each set of heat exchange tubes 6 includes horizontal connecting pipes 12 and vertical heat exchange tubes 13. The upper ends of several vertical heat exchange tubes 13 are connected to one horizontal connecting pipe 12, and the lower ends are connected to another horizontal connecting pipe 12. A switch valve 14 is installed on the horizontal connecting pipe between the two vertical heat exchange tubes. Two horizontal connecting pipes in each set of heat exchange tubes are respectively connected to two horizontal connecting main pipes 15 in their vertical direction, and a switch valve 14 is installed at the connection point. That is, each set of heat exchange tubes is connected to the bottom horizontal connecting main pipe one and the top horizontal connecting main pipe two, respectively. The main pipe is connected to the inlet pipe 8, and the horizontal main pipe is connected to the outlet pipe 10, so that the condensate enters the heat exchange tube 6 through the inlet pipe 8 of the condensate storage chamber 1. By switching the valves 14 at different positions, the hot air in the tunnel is cooled when it passes through the heat exchange device. At the same time, the condensate in the heat exchange tube is heated and then passes through the outlet pipe 10 to the condensate cooling chamber 2. Meanwhile, the inlet pipe 8 is connected to the inlet check valve, and the outlet pipe 10 is connected to the outlet check valve to form a series and parallel flow channel for the condensate in the heat exchange tube, thereby reflecting different working conditions.

[0040] In a group of heat exchange tubes near the air outlet (away from the ventilation window), some vertical heat exchange tubes 13 have a row of small holes 16 in the vertical direction. These vertical heat exchange tubes 13 with the row of small holes 16 are arranged alternately with those without. When the vertical heat exchange tubes 13 with the row of small holes 16 are turned on, condensate is sprayed out from the small holes 16, forming a water mist to remove dust from the tunnel (roadway) air. The small holes are circular, with a diameter of 1mm in this case. When the condensate is sprayed out from the small holes, it forms fine water droplets, achieving a mist effect.

[0041] The side of the bracket 5 is equipped with a controller 3, which includes a main switch, a valve control module, a dust removal control module, and a louver control module. The main switch controls the opening and closing of the entire device. The valve control module controls the opening and closing of the valve 14 on the heat exchange tube 6 in the heat exchange device, and the opening size of the valve 14, to adjust the flow channel and flow rate of the condensate in the heat exchange tube 6. The dust removal control module controls the opening and closing of the vertical heat exchange tube 13 with a row of small holes 16, so as to achieve the function of dust removal and control the size of the sprayed water mist. The louver control module controls the angle of the louvers on the ventilation window, further controlling the amount of airflow in the device.

[0042] On the other side of the support 5, a pump control device 4 is installed to provide the power for the circulation of condensate in the ventilation surface cooling dust removal device of the entire tunnel (roadway). The pump control device 4 includes a condensate storage chamber temperature sensor, a condensate cooling chamber temperature sensor, a condensate circulation pump 17, and a control center (the function of the control center is to judge the temperature in the next section based on the temperature returned by each temperature sensor, thereby controlling the condensate circulation pump to perform the relevant circulation pumping of condensate). Among them, the condensate storage chamber temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature of the condensate in the condensate storage chamber, and the condensate cooling chamber temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature of the condensate in the condensate cooling chamber and feed it back to the control center.

[0043] If the temperature difference between the temperature sensor in the condensate storage chamber and the temperature sensor in the condensate cooling chamber is less than the first difference threshold, the condensate in the condensate cooling chamber 2 is pumped into the condensate injection port 9 through the condensate exchange outlet 11 for continued circulation. If the temperature difference between the temperature sensor in the condensate storage chamber and the temperature sensor in the condensate cooling chamber is less than the second difference threshold but greater than the first difference threshold, an ice crystal box is added to the condensate cooling chamber 2 to cool the condensate, and then the condensate in the condensate cooling chamber 2 is pumped into the condensate injection port 9 through the condensate exchange outlet 11 for continued circulation. If the temperature difference between the temperature sensor in the condensate storage chamber and the temperature sensor in the condensate cooling chamber is greater than the second difference threshold, the condensate in the condensate cooling chamber 2 is discharged into the condensate recovery unit through the condensate exchange outlet 11, and an equal amount of new condensate is injected into the condensate storage chamber 1 through the condensate injection port 9 to ensure the normal circulation of the entire tunnel ventilation surface cooling and dust removal device. The first and second difference thresholds are determined according to the specific environment inside the tunnel.

[0044] A float is installed in the condensate storage chamber 1. When the float is below the scale threshold, condensate is added to the condensate storage chamber 1 until the storage limit of the condensate storage chamber 1 is reached. The condensate storage chamber 1 and the condensate cooling chamber 2 can be interchanged to form a functional interchange.

[0045] The present invention provides a method for surface cooling and dust removal in tunnel or alleyway ventilation, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0046] (1) The temperature of the air in a mine tunnel was measured to be 50℃ and the dust content was 3mg / m³. 3 ;

[0047] (2) Based on the air temperature and dust content in the tunnel or alley measured in step (1), determine the flow channel and flow rate of the condensate in the heat exchange tube, the amount of atomized condensate to be sprayed from the vertical small hole of the heat exchange tube, and the air flow rate in the ventilation window.

[0048] (3) Position the ventilation window of the aforementioned tunnel or roadway ventilation cooling dust removal device directly in the direction of airflow within the tunnel or roadway, and turn on the main switch on the controller to start the tunnel or roadway ventilation cooling dust removal device; at the same time, according to the relevant parameters determined in step (2), open all the switch valves on the heat exchange tubes in the heat exchange device through the switch valve control module, and adjust the switch valves to the maximum; open all the switch valves on the vertical heat exchange tube with a row of small holes through the dust removal control module, and adjust the switch valves to the maximum; adjust the angle of the louvers on the ventilation window to 90° through the louver control module;

[0049] (4) Air in the tunnel or roadway flows into the ventilation surface cooling dust removal device through the ventilation window. The air comes into contact with the heat exchange tubes and fins on the heat exchange tubes, and exchanges heat with the condensate in the heat exchange tubes, thus lowering the temperature of the air. During the ventilation surface cooling dust removal process, the temperature sensor of the condensate storage chamber monitors the temperature of the condensate in the condensate storage chamber, and the temperature sensor of the condensate cooling chamber monitors the temperature of the condensate in the condensate cooling chamber, and feeds back the monitored temperatures to the control center. If the temperature difference between the temperature sensor of the condensate storage chamber and the temperature sensor of the condensate cooling chamber is less than 5°C, the condensate in the condensate cooling chamber is pumped into the condensate injection port through the condensate exchange outlet. Continued recycling; if the temperature difference between the temperature sensor in the condensate storage chamber and the temperature sensor in the condensate cooling chamber is less than 15°C but greater than 5°C, an ice crystal box is added to the condensate cooling chamber to cool the condensate, and then the condensate in the condensate cooling chamber is pumped into the condensate injection port through the condensate exchange outlet for continued recycling; if the temperature difference between the temperature sensor in the condensate storage chamber and the temperature sensor in the condensate cooling chamber is greater than 15°C, the condensate in the condensate cooling chamber is discharged into the recovery unit through the condensate exchange outlet, and an equal amount of new condensate is injected into the condensate storage chamber through the condensate injection port to ensure the normal circulation of the condensate in the entire tunnel or roadway ventilation surface cooling dust removal device;

[0050] (5) When the air in the tunnel or alley flows to the vertical heat exchange tube with small holes, the atomized water sprayed from the small holes combines with the dust-laden air, carrying the dust away from the air in the tunnel or alley, and the air flows out from the ventilation surface cooling dust removal device in the tunnel or alley.

[0051] (6) When the air in the tunnel or roadway meets the relevant national or regional requirements, the switch valve control module closes all the switch valves on the heat exchange tube, the dust removal control module closes the switch valves on the vertical heat exchange tube with a row of small holes, the louver control module closes the louvers, and finally the main switch on the controller closes the tunnel or roadway ventilation surface cooling dust removal device.

[0052] For those skilled in the art, various other corresponding changes and modifications can be made based on the technical solutions and concepts described above, and all such changes and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A device for cooling and dust removal of air from a tunnel or a gallery, characterized in that: The device comprises a heat exchange device, a condensate storage chamber, a condensate cooling chamber, a controller, a pump control device and a support; the heat exchange device comprises heat exchange pipes and fins installed on the heat exchange pipes, the fins being perpendicular to the heat exchange pipes; the heat exchange pipes are uniformly distributed in the middle part of the support; the condensate storage chamber and the condensate cooling chamber are located at the lower end of the support; the condensate storage chamber comprises an inlet pipe and a condensate injection port, and the condensate cooling chamber comprises an outlet pipe and a condensate outlet; the controller is arranged on the side of the support; the pump control device is arranged on the other side of the support; the upper end of the support is packaged with a cover plate, and a ventilation window is arranged on the front of the support, and louver blades are arranged on the window. Each group of heat exchange pipes comprises two horizontal connection pipes and a plurality of vertical heat exchange pipes, the upper ends of the vertical heat exchange pipes are connected to one of the horizontal connection pipes, and the lower ends of the vertical heat exchange pipes are connected to the other horizontal connection pipe; a switch valve is arranged on the horizontal connection pipe between two adjacent vertical heat exchange pipes; the two horizontal connection pipes in each group of heat exchange pipes are connected to two horizontal connection main pipes in the vertical direction, respectively, and a switch valve is arranged at the connection position; the bottom horizontal connection main pipe is connected to the inlet pipe, and the top horizontal connection main pipe is connected to the outlet pipe, so as to form a series-parallel flow channel of the condensate in the heat exchange pipes and reflect different working conditions. In the heat exchange pipes away from the ventilation window, a row of small holes are arranged on some of the vertical heat exchange pipes, and the vertical heat exchange pipes with the small holes are arranged at intervals with the vertical heat exchange pipes without the small holes; when the vertical heat exchange pipes with the row of small holes are opened, the condensate is sprayed out of the small holes to form atomized condensate for dust removal of the tunnel; the small holes are circular and have a diameter of 0.2-2mm; when the condensate is sprayed out of the small holes, fine water droplets are formed to achieve a mist effect. The controller comprises a main switch, a switch valve control module, a dust removal control module and a louver blade control module; the main switch controls the opening and closing of the whole device; the switch valve control module is used for controlling the opening and closing of the switch valves on the heat exchange pipes in the heat exchange device, the size of the opening of the switch valves, adjusting the flow channel and flow rate of the condensate in the heat exchange pipes; the dust removal control module is used for controlling the opening and closing of the vertical heat exchange pipes with the row of small holes, achieving the functions of opening and closing of the dust removal and controlling the size of the amount of the sprayed atomized condensate; the louver blade control module is used for controlling the angle of the louver blades on the ventilation window, further controlling the size of the flow rate of the air in the device. The pump control device is used for providing the flow power of the condensate in the whole tunnel or roadway ventilation table cooling dust removal device, and comprises a condensate storage chamber temperature sensor, a condensate cooling chamber temperature sensor, a condensate circulating pump and a control center; the condensate storage chamber temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature of the condensate in the condensate storage chamber, and the condensate cooling chamber temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature of the condensate in the condensate cooling chamber and feeding back to the control center.

2. A tunnel or roadway ventilation table dust arrester according to claim 1, characterised in that: The support is a cubic support, which comprises two support columns on the left side and two support columns on the right side, and the heat exchange device is located in the middle of the support columns.

3. A tunnel or roadway ventilation table dust arrester according to claim 1, characterised in that: The lower end of the support is fixed with a cubic structure condensate storage chamber and a condensate cooling chamber, the condensate storage chamber is used for storing condensate, and the condensate cooling chamber is used for collecting heat exchange after condensate; there is a gap between the condensate storage chamber and the condensate cooling chamber, and the two are not connected; the condensate is one of tap water, CaCl2 solution, low-concentration methanol and low-concentration ethanol; wherein the mass concentration of methanol and ethanol is 0.1-5%.

4. A tunnel or roadway ventilation table dust arrester according to claim 1, characterised in that: The heat exchange pipe is made of metal, which is one of silver, copper, aluminum and aluminum alloy; the fin is made of metal, which is one of aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, nickel, titanium and steel.

5. A tunnel or roadway ventilation table dust arrester according to claim 1, characterised in that: A floating ball is arranged in the condensate storage chamber, when the floating ball is lower than the scale threshold, the condensate in the condensate storage chamber is supplemented to the upper limit of the condensate storage chamber.

6. A method for dust removal by cooling of tunnel or roadway ventilation air, using the device for dust removal by cooling of tunnel or roadway ventilation air according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The specific steps are as follows: (1) measure the temperature and dust content of the air in the tunnel or roadway; (2) according to the air temperature and dust content in the tunnel or roadway determined in step (1), determine the flow channel and flow rate of the condensate in the heat exchange pipe, the amount of atomized condensate sprayed from the vertical small holes of the heat exchange pipe, and the air flow rate of the ventilation window; (3) the ventilation window of the tunnel or roadway ventilation table cooling dust removal device is opposite to the air flow direction in the tunnel or roadway, and the total switch on the controller is opened, and the tunnel or roadway ventilation table cooling dust removal device is started; at the same time, according to the related parameters determined in step (2), the switch valve control module is opened to open the switch valve on the heat exchange pipe in the heat exchange device, and the size of the switch valve opening is adjusted to control the flow channel and flow rate of the condensate in the heat exchange pipe; the switch valve control module is opened to open the switch valve of the vertical heat exchange pipe with a row of small holes, and the size of the switch valve opening is adjusted to control the amount of atomized condensate sprayed; the angle of the louver on the ventilation window is adjusted by the louver control module to control the size of the air flow rate in the device; (4) The air in the tunnel or roadway flows into the tunnel or roadway ventilation surface cooling and dust removal device from the ventilation window. The air exchanges heat with the condensate in the heat exchange pipe, and the temperature of the air is reduced. In the ventilation surface cooling and dust removal process, the condensate storage room temperature sensor monitors the temperature of the condensate in the condensate storage room, and the condensate cooling chamber temperature sensor monitors the temperature of the condensate in the condensate cooling chamber, and feeds back the monitored temperature to the control center. If the temperature difference between the condensate storage room temperature sensor and the condensate cooling chamber temperature sensor is less than the first difference threshold, the condensate in the condensate cooling chamber is pumped into the condensate injection port through the condensate outlet for continuous circulation. If the temperature difference between the condensate storage room temperature sensor and the condensate cooling chamber temperature sensor is less than the second difference threshold but greater than the first difference threshold, ice crystal boxes are added to the condensate cooling chamber to cool the condensate, and the condensate in the condensate cooling chamber is pumped into the condensate injection port through the condensate outlet for continuous circulation. If the temperature difference between the condensate storage room temperature sensor and the condensate cooling chamber temperature sensor is greater than the second difference threshold, the condensate in the condensate cooling chamber is discharged to the condensate cooling chamber through the condensate outlet, and an equal amount of new condensate is injected into the condensate storage room through the condensate injection port to ensure the normal circulation of the condensate in the entire tunnel or roadway ventilation surface cooling and dust removal device; (5) When the air in the tunnel or roadway flows to the vertical heat exchange pipe with small holes, the atomized condensate sprayed in the small holes combines with the air containing dust to carry the dust away from the air in the tunnel or roadway, and the air flows out of the tunnel or roadway ventilation surface cooling and dust removal device; (6) When the air in the tunnel or roadway meets the environmental protection requirements, the switch valve on the heat exchange pipe is closed through the switch valve control module, the switch valve of the vertical heat exchange pipe with a row of small holes is closed through the dust removal control module, the louvers are closed through the louver control module, and finally the total switch on the controller is closed to turn off the tunnel or roadway ventilation surface cooling and dust removal device.

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