A piston mechanism and a cylinder

Abstract

The present invention discloses a piston mechanism and a cylinder. The piston mechanism includes: a piston, a central hole is axially formed in the center of the piston, and at least one set of opposite radial holes are formed on the side surface, and the radial holes communicate with the central hole; a metal ring, the metal ring is closely attached to one end of the central hole and fixed in the piston; a metal ball, the metal ball is fixedly arranged in the radial hole and closely attached to the outer side of the metal ring; a piston rod, one end of the piston rod is fixed in the metal ring. The design of the present invention improves the coaxiality of the piston and reduces the resistance suffered by the piston during movement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cylinders, and particularly to a piston mechanism and a cylinder. Background Art

[0002] Existing piston mechanisms are mainly applied in cylinders. When the piston makes a linear reciprocating motion in the cylinder barrel, due to the large pressure in the cylinder, the phenomenon of piston eccentricity is likely to occur, resulting in an increase in the resistance received by the piston. Currently, most pistons are provided with guide rings to guide and support the piston. However, the outer ring surface of the guide ring and the inner wall surface of the cylinder barrel are in sliding friction, and the sliding friction resistance is large. Moreover, its linear expansion coefficient is generally about ten times that of the cylinder barrel, so it is very difficult to control the fitting clearance between the outer cylindrical surface of the guide ring and the inner wall surface of the cylinder barrel. If the clearance is too small, the piston movement resistance is large; if the clearance is too large, the piston guiding accuracy is poor, and the axis of the sealing ring will deviate from the designed position, thereby increasing the friction resistance with the cylinder barrel. Thus, it can be seen that the guidance and support of the guide ring do not fundamentally solve the problem of large resistance during the movement caused by low piston coaxiality. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a piston mechanism and a cylinder, aiming to solve the problem of large resistance during the movement caused by low piston coaxiality in the prior art.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: Provide a piston mechanism, including: a piston, a central hole is axially opened in the center of the piston, and at least one set of opposite radial holes is opened on the side surface, and the radial holes communicate with the central hole; a metal ring, the metal ring is closely attached to one end of the central hole and fixed in the piston; metal balls, the metal balls are fixedly arranged in the radial holes and closely attached to the outside of the metal ring; a piston rod, one end of the piston rod is fixed in the metal ring.

[0005] Further, the opposite radial holes form a radial hole group, the radial hole group is provided with at least two columns, and each column of the radial hole group is provided with at least two groups of radial holes and is evenly distributed on the side surface of the piston.

[0006] Further, the outside of the metal ring and the central hole are fixedly bonded with anaerobic adhesive.

[0007] Further, the central hole is a stepped hole, including: a fine hole, a medium hole, a threaded hole, and a thick hole arranged in sequence, and the metal ring is closely attached to the thick hole.

[0008] The present technical solution also provides a cylinder, including: an upper cylinder head, a cylinder barrel, a lower cylinder head, a guide sleeve, and the piston mechanism as described above. The upper cylinder head is installed on one side of the cylinder barrel, the lower cylinder head is installed on the other side of the cylinder barrel, the guide sleeve is installed in the upper cylinder head, the piston is arranged in the cylinder barrel, one end of the piston rod is connected to the piston, and the other end passes through the guide sleeve and is arranged outside the cylinder barrel.

[0009] Further, a plurality of annular protrusions and first annular grooves which are arranged at intervals and coaxially are axially arranged on the outer wall of the piston, and the annular protrusions and the first annular grooves are arranged alternately.

[0010] Further, a second annular groove is arranged on the outer wall of the piston, and a star-shaped sealing ring is sleeved on the second annular groove.

[0011] Further, the piston rod is a hollow piston rod, and a first air inlet hole communicating with the inside of the cylinder barrel is arranged on the side wall of the piston rod.

[0012] Further, the piston rod is a solid piston rod, an extension column extends horizontally from the upper cylinder head, the inside of the extension column is hollow and communicates with the inside of the cylinder barrel, the guide sleeve is arranged in the extension column and sleeved on the piston rod, and a second air inlet hole communicating with the outside is arranged on the upper cylinder head.

[0013] Further, a third air inlet hole communicating with the inside of the cylinder barrel is arranged on the lower cylinder head.

[0014] An embodiment of the present invention provides a piston mechanism and a cylinder. The piston mechanism includes: a piston, a central hole is axially opened in the center of the piston, and at least one set of opposite radial holes are opened on the side surface, and the radial holes lead to the central hole; a metal ring, the metal ring is closely attached to one end of the central hole and fixed in the piston; a metal ball, the metal ball is fixedly arranged in the radial hole and closely attached to the outside of the metal ring; a piston rod, one end of the piston rod is fixed in the metal ring. By opening the opposite radial holes and fixing the metal balls in the radial holes in the present invention, the through holes are changed into blind holes, thereby enhancing the resistance of the piston to the pressure in the cylinder barrel of the cylinder, improving the coaxiality of the piston, and reducing the resistance received by the piston during the movement process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the piston mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 Schematic structural diagram of the outer shape of the hollow piston rod cylinder provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 Side view of the cylinder provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 Schematic structural diagram of the outer shape of the solid piston rod cylinder provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 Schematic cross-sectional view of the cylinder provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 Schematic cross-sectional view of the cylinder provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 Schematic cross-sectional view of the cylinder provided by Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 8 Schematic cross-sectional view of the cylinder provided by Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 9 Schematic cross-sectional view of the upper cylinder head of the cylinder provided by Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 10 Schematic cross-sectional view of the upper cylinder head of the cylinder provided by Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 11 Schematic cross-sectional view of the piston rod provided by Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 12 Schematic cross-sectional view of the piston rod provided by Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 13 Schematic cross-sectional view of the piston provided by Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 14 Schematic cross-sectional view of the piston provided by Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 15 Schematic cross-sectional view of the cylinder guide sleeve provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 16 Schematic cross-sectional view of the screw sleeve provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 17 Schematic structural diagram of the lower cylinder head provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Description of the Identifications in the Figures

[0034] 1. Piston mechanism; 101 piston; 10101 central hole; 10102 radial hole; 10103 fine hole; 10104 medium hole; 10105 threaded hole; 10106 thick hole; 102 metal ring; 103 metal ball; 104 piston rod; 10401 first intake hole; 10402 piston rod groove; 10403 screw; 10404 screw sleeve; 10405 piston rod cavity; 10406 piston rod thread; 10407 piston rod threaded hole; 105 annular protrusion; 106 first ring groove; 107 second ring groove; 108 star-shaped sealing ring

[0035] 2. Upper cylinder head; 201 extension column; 202 second intake hole; 203 upper cylinder head threaded column; 204 first relief groove; 205 first protrusion of the upper cylinder head; 206 upper cylinder head hole; 207 second relief groove; 208 second protrusion of the upper cylinder head

[0036] 3. Cylinder barrel

[0037] 4. Lower cylinder head; 401 third intake hole; 402 fixing hole; 403 connecting hole

[0038] 5. Guide sleeve; 501 guide sleeve hole; 502 flange; 503 inner ring groove; 504 Detailed Implementation Manner

[0039] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0040] It should be understood that when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "include" and "comprise" indicate the presence of the described features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or their combinations.

[0041] It should also be understood that the terms used in this specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used in this specification of the present invention and the appended claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms.

[0042] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in the specification and appended claims of the present invention refers to any combination and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations.

[0043] Combined with Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a piston mechanism, including: a piston 101, a central hole 10101 is axially opened in the center of the piston, and at least one set of opposite radial holes 10102 are opened on the side surface, and the radial holes 10102 lead to the central hole 10101; a metal ring 102, the metal ring 102 is closely attached to one end of the central hole 10101 and fixed in the piston 101; a metal ball 103, the metal ball 103 is fixedly arranged in the radial hole 10102 and closely attached to the outer side of the metal ring 102; a piston rod 104, one end of the piston rod 104 is fixed in the metal ring 102.

[0044] In the embodiment of the present invention, by opening the opposite radial holes 10102 and fixing the metal balls 103 in the radial holes 10102, the through holes are changed into blind holes, thereby enhancing the resistance of the piston 101 to the pressure in the cylinder barrel, improving the coaxiality of the piston 101, reducing the resistance received by the piston 101 during the movement, and restricting the movement of the metal balls 103 in the radial holes 10102. The metal balls can not only prevent the radial holes 10102 from being deformed easily, but also squeeze the metal ring 102 to prevent the metal ring 102 from being skewed easily, so that the piston 101 is not prone to be skewed, and further improving the coaxiality of the piston 101.

[0045] In a specific embodiment, the outer side of the metal ring 102 and the central hole 10101 are fixed by anaerobic adhesive bonding. The anaerobic adhesive bonding method makes the metal ring 102 and the central hole 10101 fixed more firmly. In a more specific embodiment, the metal ring 102 is a steel ring, the metal ball 103 is a steel ball, and the material is preferably 4Cr13 stainless steel material, which has a low cost and is easy to obtain. Further, the steel ring is replaced with an outer ring of a needle roller bearing with the same outer diameter and width, and the coaxiality effect of the piston 101 is better.

[0046] Combined with Figure 1 As shown, the opposite radial holes 10102 form a radial hole group, and the radial hole group is provided with at least two columns, and each column of the radial hole group is provided with at least two groups of radial holes 10102 and are evenly distributed on the side surface of the piston 101. In this embodiment, the radial holes 10102 form a radial hole group and are provided with multiple columns, each column is provided with multiple opposite radial holes 10102, and they are evenly distributed on the outer side surface of the piston 101. The best distribution is that each column of radial holes 10102 is evenly distributed along the circumference, effectively improving the coaxiality of the piston 101 and making the piston 101 more stable during movement.

[0047] Combined with Figure 1As shown, the central hole 10101 is a stepped hole, including: a fine hole 10103, a medium hole 10104, a threaded hole 10105, and a thick hole 10106 arranged in sequence. The metal ring 102 is closely attached to the thick hole 10106. In this embodiment, the thick hole 10106 is located at the bottom of the piston 101, and the metal ring 102 is fixedly attached to the bottom of the piston 101 closely against the thick hole 10106. One end of the piston rod 104 is fixed inside the metal ring 102. The stepped hole is provided to better cooperate with the connection and sealing between the piston 101 and the piston rod 104. In a more specific embodiment, the piston rod 104 is provided with threads and is threadedly connected to the threaded hole 10105, making the connection between the piston rod 104 and the piston 101 more stable and not prone to deflection during movement.

[0048] Combined with Figure 2 As shown, this technical solution also provides a cylinder, including: an upper cylinder head 2, a cylinder barrel 3, a lower cylinder head 4, a guide sleeve 5, and the piston mechanism 1 as above. The upper cylinder head 2 is installed on one side of the cylinder barrel 3, the lower cylinder head 4 is installed on the other side of the cylinder barrel 3, the guide sleeve 5 is installed inside the upper cylinder head 2, the piston 101 is arranged inside the cylinder barrel 3, one end of the piston rod 104 is connected to the piston 101, and the other end passes through the guide sleeve 5 and is arranged outside the cylinder barrel 3.

[0049] In the embodiment of the present invention, the piston mechanism 1 as described above is applied to the cylinder. The high coaxiality of the piston 101 can make the piston 101 not prone to deflection, thereby avoiding the occurrence of air leakage faults in the cylinder caused by the deflection of the piston 101.

[0050] Combined with Figure 5 and Figure 15 As shown, an axially arranged guide sleeve hole 501 is provided inside the guide sleeve 5. A flange 502 is provided at one end of the guide sleeve 5 away from the cylinder barrel. The guide sleeve hole 501 is provided with a plurality of spaced and serially connected inner ring grooves 503 to make the connection between the guide sleeve 5 and the piston rod 104 more firm. Specifically, the material of the guide sleeve can be bronze, brass, or a low-friction non-metallic material to reduce the resistance suffered by the piston rod 104 during movement.

[0051] More specifically, both the piston 101 and the guide sleeve 5 are formed by machining in one clamping. The material of the piston rod 104 is austenitic stainless steel pipe. The machining amount of the piston rod 104 is small and it does not rotate during machining, keeping the original straightness and roughness of the piston rod 104 blank unchanged. Selecting this machining method can improve the stability of the piston rod 104, thereby improving the coaxiality of the piston mechanism 1.

[0052] Combined with Figure 5 、 Figure 11 and Figure 16As shown in the figure, a piston rod threaded hole 10407 is provided on the piston rod 104. The piston 101 is connected in the central hole 10101 through a screw 10403 and a screw sleeve 10404. A piston rod thread 10406 and a piston rod groove 10402 are also provided on the piston rod 104. The piston rod thread 1040 is used to connect the guide sleeve 5, and the piston rod groove 10402 is used to reduce the pressure on the piston rod 104 in the cylinder.

[0053] The present invention can specifically provide four different cylinder embodiments:

[0054] Embodiment 1: Combining Figure 5 , Figure 9 , Figure 11 and Figure 13 As shown, the piston rod 104 is a hollow piston rod, and a first air inlet hole 10401 communicating with the inside of the cylinder barrel 3 is provided on the side wall of the piston rod 104; a plurality of annular protrusions 105 and first annular grooves 106 that are spaced apart and coaxial are axially provided on the outer wall of the piston 101, and the annular protrusions 105 and the first annular grooves 106 are arranged alternately.

[0055] As Figure 11 shown, Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of the hollow piston rod. A piston rod cavity 10405 is provided inside the piston rod 104, and the first air inlet hole 10401 is provided outside the piston rod 104 for communicating the piston rod cavity 10405 and the cylinder barrel 3. The structure of the hollow piston rod is simple, has high torsional strength, and can save materials.

[0056] As Figure 13 shown, Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of the piston provided in this embodiment. The annular protrusions 105 and the first annular grooves 106 are arranged alternately, which can not only improve the airtightness between the piston 101 and the cylinder barrel 3, but also improve the coaxiality of the piston 101 and the stability of the piston 101 moving in the cylinder.

[0057] As Figure 9 shown, Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of the upper cylinder head provided in this embodiment. The upper cylinder head 2 is axially provided with an upper cylinder head hole 206. One end of the upper cylinder head 2 away from the cylinder extends out an extension column 201. One end of the extension column 201 away from the cylinder is an upper cylinder head threaded column 203. A first tool withdrawal groove 204, an upper cylinder head first protrusion 205, and a second tool withdrawal groove 207 for easy processing are provided on the extension column 201. The guide sleeve 5 is arranged inside the extension column 201, and the outer side surface of the guide sleeve 5 is provided with threads and is threadedly connected to the upper cylinder head threaded column 203, making the connection between the guide sleeve 5 and the upper cylinder head 2 more stable.

[0058] Embodiment 2: Combining Figure 6 , Figure 9 , Figure 11 andFigure 14 As shown, the piston rod 104 is a hollow piston rod, and a first air inlet hole 10401 communicating with the inside of the cylinder barrel 3 is provided on the side wall of the piston rod 104; a second annular groove 107 is provided on the outer wall of the piston, and a star-shaped sealing ring 108 is sleeved on the second annular groove 107.

[0059] The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment lies in the structure of the piston 101. Combining Figure 14 As shown, a second annular groove 107 is provided on the outer wall of the piston 101, and a star-shaped sealing ring 108 is sleeved on the second annular groove 107. The setting of the star-shaped sealing ring 108 also improves the airtightness between the piston 101 and the cylinder barrel 3, avoiding the occurrence of air leakage in the cylinder.

[0060] Embodiment 3: Combining Figure 4 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 10 、 Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the piston rod 104 is a solid piston rod. The upper cylinder head 2 extends a extension column 201 horizontally. The inside of the extension column 201 is hollow and communicates with the inside of the cylinder barrel 3. A guide sleeve is arranged in the extension column and sleeved on the piston rod. A second air inlet hole 20101 communicating with the outside is provided on the upper cylinder head 2; a plurality of annular protrusions 105 and first annular grooves 106 which are spaced apart from each other and coaxial are arranged axially on the outer wall of the piston 101, and the annular protrusions 105 and the first annular grooves 106 are arranged alternately.

[0061] The difference between the third embodiment and the first embodiment lies in the structure of the piston rod 104. The piston rod 104 in this embodiment adopts a solid piston rod, which improves the stability of the piston mechanism 1 to a certain extent and avoids affecting the movement stability of the piston rod 104 due to air intake of the piston rod 104.

[0062] As Figure 10 shown, Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the upper cylinder head provided in this embodiment. The upper cylinder head 2 is provided with an upper cylinder head hole 206 axially. One end of the upper cylinder head 2 away from the cylinder extends the extension column 201. One end of the extension column 201 away from the cylinder is an upper cylinder head threaded column 203. A first relief groove 204 and a second relief groove 207 for facilitating processing are provided on the extension column 201. An upper cylinder head second protrusion 207 is also provided on the upper cylinder head 2, and a second air inlet hole 202 is provided on the upper cylinder head second protrusion 207. The second air inlet hole 202 is used for air intake of the cylinder. In this embodiment, the air inlet hole is arranged on the upper cylinder head 2, which is convenient for repair and replacement.

[0063] Embodiment 4: Combining Figure 8 、 Figure 10 、 Figure 12 and Figure 14As shown, the piston rod 104 is a solid piston rod. The upper cylinder head 2 extends horizontally to form an extension column 201. The interior of the extension column 201 is hollow and communicates with the interior of the cylinder barrel 3. A guide sleeve is arranged inside the extension column and sleeved on the piston rod. A second air inlet hole 20101 communicating with the outside is formed in the upper cylinder head 2; a second annular groove 107 is arranged on the outer wall of the piston. A star-shaped sealing ring 108 is sleeved on the second annular groove 107. In this embodiment, the piston rod 104 is a solid piston rod, which improves the stability of the piston mechanism 1 to a certain extent. The setting of the star-shaped sealing ring 108 improves the airtightness between the piston 101 and the cylinder barrel 3, avoiding the occurrence of air leakage in the air cylinder.

[0064] Combined with Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 17 As shown, a third air inlet hole 401, a fixing hole 402 and a connecting hole 403 are arranged on the lower cylinder head 4. The third air inlet hole 401 serves as a standby air inlet hole, which can not only ensure the normal operation of the air cylinder when the first air inlet hole 10401 and the second air inlet hole 20101 fail, but also can simultaneously open the two air inlet holes to accelerate the air intake speed of the air cylinder. The connecting hole 403 can be sleeved on the cylinder barrel 3 and is connected to the cylinder barrel by cementing. The fixing hole 402 can fix the lower cylinder head 4 on the cylinder barrel 3 through screws, improving the sealing performance of the air cylinder.

[0065] As described above, the above are only the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily think of various equivalent modifications or substitutions, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A piston mechanism, characterized in that, it includes: a piston, a central hole is axially opened in the center of the piston, and at least one set of opposite radial holes are opened on the side surface, and the radial holes lead to the central hole; a metal ring, the metal ring is closely attached to one end of the central hole and fixed in the piston; metal balls, the metal balls are fixedly arranged in the radial holes and closely attached to the outer side of the metal ring; a piston rod, one end of the piston rod is fixed in the metal ring.

2. The piston mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, the opposite radial holes form a radial hole group, at least two columns of the radial hole groups are provided, and at least two sets of radial holes are provided in each column of the radial hole groups and are evenly distributed on the side surface of the piston.

3. The piston mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, the outer side of the metal ring and the central hole are fixedly bonded with anaerobic adhesive.

4. The piston mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, the central hole is a stepped hole, including: a fine hole, a medium hole, a threaded hole and a thick hole arranged in sequence, and the metal ring is closely attached to the thick hole.

5. A cylinder, characterized in that, it includes: an upper cylinder head, a cylinder barrel, a lower cylinder head, a guide sleeve and the piston mechanism according to any one of claims 1-4, the upper cylinder head is installed on one side of the cylinder barrel, the lower cylinder head is installed on the other side of the cylinder barrel, the guide sleeve is installed in the upper cylinder head, the piston is arranged in the cylinder barrel, one end of the piston rod is connected to the piston, and the other end passes through the guide sleeve and is arranged outside the cylinder barrel.

6. The cylinder according to claim 5, characterized in that, a plurality of annular protrusions and first annular grooves which are spaced apart and coaxial are axially arranged on the outer wall of the piston, and the annular protrusions and the first annular grooves are arranged alternately.

7. The cylinder according to claim 5, characterized in that, a second annular groove is arranged on the outer wall of the piston, and a star-shaped sealing ring is sleeved on the second annular groove.

8. The cylinder according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, the piston rod is a hollow piston rod, and a first air inlet hole communicating with the inside of the cylinder barrel is arranged on the side wall of the piston rod.

9. The cylinder according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, the piston rod is a solid piston rod, an extension column extends horizontally from the upper cylinder head, the inside of the extension column is hollow and communicates with the inside of the cylinder barrel, the guide sleeve is arranged in the extension column and sleeved on the piston rod, and a second air inlet hole communicating with the outside is arranged on the upper cylinder head.

10. The cylinder according to claim 5, characterized in that, a third air inlet hole communicating with the inside of the cylinder barrel is arranged on the lower cylinder head.

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