Heavy duty long stroke lifting and leveling device and method

Abstract

The application provides a heavy-load large-stroke lifting and leveling device and method, which internally adopts multi-stage cylinder driving, externally balances lateral load by multi-stage overlapping sleeves, and reverses the oil cylinder to replace the last sleeve with the outer cylinder of the oil cylinder; a weighing sensor is arranged at the bottom to detect the load in real time; and finally, the heavy-load equipment is lifted and leveled in a large stroke under the condition of limited closed size limitation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of radar servo transmission, and in particular relates to a lifting and leveling device and method. Background Art

[0002] Over the past two decades, developed countries around the world have placed higher demands on the rapid deployment and transfer capabilities of radars, making mobility a key tactical characteristic of modern radars. At the same time, to meet the requirements of railway transportation without hoisting, the height dimensions of the equipment are significantly restricted, significantly affecting the closed length of the lifting and leveling device, which has become a bottleneck restricting the effective lifting height of the equipment.

[0003] Due to actual operating conditions, leveling devices generally need to withstand certain lateral loads. Previous products mostly used a single-stage telescopic design, resulting in a relatively small extension and retraction, which could not meet the requirements of large-stroke lifting. Currently, domestic outrigger cylinders for construction machinery do not directly adopt multi-stage cylinders, and products for such working conditions are not accepted. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heavy-load, long-stroke lifting and leveling device and method, which adopts a multi-stage cylinder drive internally and a multi-stage overlapping sleeve externally to balance the lateral load. At the same time, the cylinder is inverted and the outer cylinder barrel of the cylinder is used to replace the last-stage sleeve; a weighing sensor is set at the bottom to detect the load in real time; and finally, the long-stroke lifting and leveling of heavy-load equipment is achieved under the condition of limited closed size restrictions.

[0005] The present invention provides a heavy-load, large-stroke lifting and leveling device, which comprises: an outer sleeve (1), a multi-stage oil cylinder (2), an inner sleeve (3), a locking device (4), and a weighing sensor (5); the outer sleeve (1) comprises an outer cylinder (11), a top cover plate seat (12), a top support (13), a respirator (14), a balancing valve (15), a pipeline element (16), and a first positioning stop (17); the multi-stage oil cylinder (2) comprises an outer cylinder (21), an inner cylinder (22), a piston rod (23), a support lug (24), a ball head (25), and a second positioning stop (26); the inner sleeve (3) comprises an inner cylinder (31), a sequential limiting ring (32), a positioning ring (33), an outer positioning stop (34), and an inner positioning stop (35); the locking device (4) comprises a limiting ring (41), a guide locking ring (42), a clamping block (43), a disc spring assembly (44), and an outer cover (45).

[0006] There are three levels of lifting and leveling devices:

[0007] The first stage is that the outer sleeve (1) is connected to the platform through the outer cylinder (11), the top cover plate seat (12) is connected to the outer cylinder (11) by bolts, the top support (13) and the top cover plate seat (12) are welded or integrally processed, and the respirator (14), the balancing valve (15), and the pipeline component (16) are installed in the top cover plate seat (12);

[0008] The second stage is that the multi-stage oil cylinder (2) is connected to the top support (13) through the support lug (24). Under the drive of the hydraulic oil, the outer cylinder (21) extends relative to the inner cylinder (22) and the piston rod (23). At this time, the inner sleeve (3) remains in a fixed position under the restriction of the sequential limiting ring (32) and the inner cylinder (22);

[0009] The third stage is that the inner cylinder (22) of the multi-stage oil cylinder (2) extends relative to the piston rod (23) under the drive of hydraulic oil, and under the interaction of the second positioning stop (26) and the inner positioning stop (35) of the inner sleeve (3), the inner cylinder (31) follows and extends, realizing sequential action.

[0010] After the multi-stage oil cylinder (2) is fully extended, the inner sleeve (3) is prevented from falling further due to the combined restriction of the sequential limiting ring (32) and the inner cylinder (22), as well as the first positioning stop (17) and the outer positioning stop (34).

[0011] During the lifting process, under the action of the balancing valve (15) belonging to the outer sleeve (1), the load balance pressure is maintained inside the rodless chamber of the multi-stage oil cylinder (2), thereby achieving position maintenance in the lifting state, and the load of each supporting device is detected in real time through the weighing sensor (5), and the load is evenly distributed through the control strategy.

[0012] The retraction of the lifting and leveling device is the reverse process of the lifting process. The inner sleeve (3) is first retracted under the action of the sequential limiting ring (32) and the inner cylinder (22), and is then limited by the outer cylinder (11) and the positioning ring (33) after reaching the position, thereby realizing the retraction sequence action.

[0013] After retracting into position, the limiting ring (41) of the locking device (4) is connected to the outer cylinder (11) by thermal assembly or screw connection, and the guide locking ring (42) is screwed to the outer cylinder (21). Under the joint squeezing action of the clamping block (43), the disc spring assembly (44) and the outer cover (45), the outer cylinder (21) is kept in the transport state and does not fall.

[0014] The minimum lifting force of the lifting and leveling device is calculated based on the secondary cylinder diameter. When the actual pressure is 18MPa, the minimum thrust of the multi-stage cylinder is:

[0015]

[0016] Where, P is the actual pressure of the rodless chamber of the cylinder, S is the piston area on the rodless chamber side of the cylinder, and d is the piston diameter on the rodless chamber side of the cylinder.

[0017] When the device is driven by a multi-stage inverted cylinder, there is always a gravity load of about 400 kg after the cylinder is retracted. During long-distance transportation, due to temperature changes and internal leakage of the cylinder, the internal structural parts will slowly extend. The working condition analysis is as follows:

[0018] When the temperature drops, the oil in the rod cavity ring shrinks due to the cold, and the pressure in the cavity cannot be maintained. Under the influence of its own weight, theoretically, it will extend about 73mm for every 30℃ drop in temperature.

[0019] Under the condition of constant temperature, the dynamic seal of the oil cylinder has internal leakage within the range allowed by the national standard. The leveling device will also slide down slowly due to the influence of its own weight. Theoretically, it is about 1.5mm / 24h.

[0020] When the temperature rises, the oil expands thermally. After the oil in the rod chamber enters the rodless chamber through internal leakage, the area difference will cause the cylinder to generate a larger extension thrust. Theoretically, it will extend about 9mm for every 30℃ increase in temperature.

[0021] To this end, an automatic locking device and a rodless cavity side unloading oil circuit are added. Before long-distance transportation, the outer cylinder of the multi-stage oil cylinder and the outer sleeve of the leveling device are fixed together through a locking device, which can effectively avoid the hidden danger of the rod cavity of the support leg oil cylinder losing pressure and extending during transportation.

[0022] Locking device such as Figure 6 As shown, a fixing ring is installed on the outer sleeve, four disc spring locking devices are symmetrically installed on the fixing ring, and a limiting ring is installed on the bottom surface of the outer cylinder barrel of the oil cylinder.

[0023] like Figure 8 As shown, four 40 / 20.4mm disc springs are installed in a stacked manner inside the locking device. When f = 0.75h0 = 0.75×0.9 = 0.675mm, Pf = 621×4 = 2484Kg. Calculated based on the steel-steel friction coefficient of 0.15, a single set of locking devices generates a friction force of 373Kg, and four sets of locking devices generate a friction force of about 1.5 tons.

[0024] Where f is the deformation of the disc spring; h0 is the deformation of the disc spring from the free state to the flattened state; and Pf is the spring force generated by the disc spring when the deformation is f.

[0025] When the leveling mechanism is retracted, the rod chamber provides approximately 6 tons of pulling force, sufficient to overcome the friction generated by the disc spring locking mechanism and retract it into position. When the leveling mechanism is extended, the rodless chamber provides approximately 22 tons of thrust, allowing it to extend normally despite the aforementioned friction. During transport, the rodless chamber of the cylinder is unloaded, and the disc spring locking mechanism generates friction approximately 3.5 times the load's own weight, ensuring the leveling mechanism remains in place during normal transport.

[0026] The present invention provides a heavy-load, long-stroke lifting and leveling method, which is implemented based on the above-mentioned heavy-load, long-stroke lifting and leveling device, and includes:

[0027] ① The lifting process includes the following steps:

[0028] Driven by the hydraulic oil, the outer cylinder (21) extends relative to the inner cylinder (22) and the piston rod (23), and the inner sleeve (3) remains in position under the restriction of the sequence limit ring (32) and the inner cylinder (22);

[0029] The inner cylinder (22) of the multi-stage oil cylinder (2) is extended relative to the piston rod (23) under the driving force of hydraulic oil, and the inner cylinder (31) is extended accordingly under the interaction of the second positioning stop (26) and the inner positioning stop (35) of the inner sleeve (3), thereby realizing sequential action;

[0030] After the multi-stage oil cylinder (2) is fully extended, the inner sleeve (3) is prevented from falling further due to the combined restriction of the sequential limiting ring (32) and the inner cylinder (22), as well as the first positioning stop (17) and the outer positioning stop (34).

[0031] During the lifting process, under the action of the balancing valve (15) belonging to the outer sleeve (1), the load balance pressure is maintained inside the rodless chamber of the multi-stage oil cylinder (2), thereby achieving position maintenance in the lifting state, and the load of each supporting device is detected in real time through the weighing sensor (5), and the load is evenly distributed through the control strategy.

[0032] ② The retraction process includes the following steps:

[0033] The retraction of the lifting and leveling device is the reverse process of the lifting process. The inner sleeve (3) is first retracted under the action of the sequential limiting ring (32) and the inner cylinder (22). After it is in place, it is limited by the outer cylinder (11) and the positioning ring (33), realizing the retraction sequence action.

[0034] After retracting into position, the limiting ring (41) of the locking device (4) is connected to the outer cylinder (11) by thermal assembly or screw connection, and the guide locking ring (42) is screwed to the outer cylinder (21). Under the joint squeezing action of the clamping block (43), the disc spring assembly (44) and the outer cover (45), the outer cylinder (21) is kept in the transport state and does not fall.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0036] 1. Large lifting stroke: The device is driven by a multi-stage oil cylinder. Under limited closing size, it has nearly double the lifting stroke of the single-stage leveling device and a large telescopic ratio.

[0037] 2. Strong ability to resist lateral loads: The device adopts a combination of multi-stage sleeves and multi-stage cylinders, which effectively overcomes the disadvantage of poor lateral resistance of multi-stage cylinders.

[0038] 3. Maintaining the position in the transport state: The traditional outrigger cylinders of engineering machinery are mainly maintained in the transport state by sealed hydraulic oil. In the case of large temperature changes or increased leakage in the cylinder, they will gradually fall. This device uses a disc spring mechanical locking device to achieve long-term position maintenance.

[0039] 4. Multi-stage sleeve sequential action: The device realizes multi-stage sleeve sequential action by utilizing the positional logic relationship between the sequential limiting ring (32) and the inner cylinder (22), and the positioning ring (33) and the outer cylinder (11), without causing disorder of the stages.

[0040] 5. Real-time load detection: The device detects the load of each supporting device in real time by setting a weighing sensor (5) at the bottom, and realizes load uniformity through control strategy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of heavy-load, long-stroke lifting and leveling device - transport status;

[0042] Figure 2 Heavy-load, long-stroke lifting and leveling device - working status diagram;

[0043] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of heavy-load, long-stroke lifting and leveling device - retracted and extended states;

[0044] Figure 4 Application diagram of heavy-load and long-stroke lifting and leveling device;

[0045] Figure 5 Multi-stage cylinder outline drawing;

[0046] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the locking device;

[0047] Figure 7 Locking device layout diagram;

[0048] Figure 8 Cross-sectional view of the locking mechanism.

[0049] Among them, 1 is an outer sleeve, 2 is a multi-stage oil cylinder, 3 is an inner sleeve, 4 is a locking device, 5 is a weighing sensor, 11 is an outer cylinder, 12 is a top cover plate seat, 13 is a top support, 14 is a respirator, 15 is a balancing valve, 16 is a piping element, 17 is a first positioning stop, 21 is an outer cylinder, 22 is an inner cylinder, 23 is a piston rod, 24 is a support ear, 25 is a ball head, 26 is a second positioning stop, 31 is an inner cylinder, 32 is a sequential limiting ring, 33 is a positioning ring, 34 is an outer positioning stop, 35 is an inner positioning stop, 41 is a limiting ring, 42 is a guide locking ring, 43 is a clamping block, 44 is a disc spring assembly, and 45 is an outer cover.

[0050] Multi-stage cylinder parameters: first stage cylinder diameter Φ200mm, rod diameter Φ180mm, stroke 820mm;

[0051] The second-stage cylinder diameter is Φ125mm, the rod diameter is Φ100mm, the stroke is 880mm, and the total stroke is 1700mm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0053] like Figures 1 and 2 As shown, the present invention provides a heavy-load, large-stroke lifting and leveling device, which includes: an outer sleeve (1), a multi-stage oil cylinder (2), an inner sleeve (3), a locking device (4), and a weighing sensor (5); the outer sleeve (1) includes an outer cylinder (11), a top cover plate seat (12), a top support (13), a respirator (14), a balancing valve (15), a pipeline element (16), and a first positioning stop (17); the multi-stage oil cylinder (2) includes an outer cylinder (21), an inner cylinder (22), a piston rod (23), a support lug (24), a ball head (25), and a second positioning stop (26); the inner sleeve (3) includes an inner cylinder (31), a sequential limiting ring (32), a positioning ring (33), an outer positioning stop (34), and an inner positioning stop (35); the locking device (4) includes a limiting ring (41), a guide locking ring (42), a clamping block (43), a disc spring assembly (44), and an outer cover (45).

[0054] There are three levels of lifting and leveling devices:

[0055] The first stage is that the outer sleeve (1) is connected to the platform through the outer cylinder (11), the top cover plate seat (12) is connected to the outer cylinder (11) by bolts, the top support (13) and the top cover plate seat (12) are welded or integrally processed, and the respirator (14), the balancing valve (15), and the pipeline component (16) are installed in the top cover plate seat (12);

[0056] The second stage is that the multi-stage oil cylinder (2) is connected to the top support (13) through the support lug (24). Under the drive of the hydraulic oil, the outer cylinder (21) extends relative to the inner cylinder (22) and the piston rod (23). At this time, the inner sleeve (3) remains in a fixed position under the restriction of the sequential limiting ring (32) and the inner cylinder (22);

[0057] The third stage is that the inner cylinder (22) of the multi-stage oil cylinder (2) extends relative to the piston rod (23) under the drive of hydraulic oil, and under the interaction of the second positioning stop (26) and the inner positioning stop (35) of the inner sleeve (3), the inner cylinder (31) follows and extends, realizing sequential action.

[0058] After the multi-stage oil cylinder (2) is fully extended, the inner sleeve (3) is prevented from falling further due to the combined restriction of the sequential limiting ring (32) and the inner cylinder (22), as well as the first positioning stop (17) and the outer positioning stop (34).

[0059] During the lifting process, under the action of the balancing valve (15) belonging to the outer sleeve (1), the load balance pressure is maintained inside the rodless chamber of the multi-stage oil cylinder (2), thereby achieving position maintenance in the lifting state, and the load of each supporting device is detected in real time through the weighing sensor (5), and the load is evenly distributed through the control strategy.

[0060] The retraction of the lifting and leveling device is the reverse process of the lifting process. The inner sleeve (3) is first retracted under the action of the sequential limiting ring (32) and the inner cylinder (22), and is then limited by the outer cylinder (11) and the positioning ring (33) after reaching the position, thereby realizing the retraction sequence action.

[0061] After retracting into position, the limiting ring (41) of the locking device (4) is connected to the outer cylinder (11) by thermal assembly or screw connection, and the guide locking ring (42) is screwed to the outer cylinder (21). Under the joint squeezing action of the clamping block (43), the disc spring assembly (44) and the outer cover (45), the outer cylinder (21) is kept in the transport state and does not fall.

[0062] The minimum lifting force of the lifting and leveling device is calculated based on the secondary cylinder diameter. When the actual pressure is 18MPa, the minimum thrust of the multi-stage cylinder is:

[0063]

[0064] Where, P is the actual pressure of the rodless chamber of the cylinder, S is the piston area on the rodless chamber side of the cylinder, and d is the piston diameter on the rodless chamber side of the cylinder.

[0065] When the device is driven by a multi-stage inverted cylinder, there is always a gravity load of about 400 kg after the cylinder is retracted. During long-distance transportation, due to temperature changes and internal leakage of the cylinder, the internal structural parts will slowly extend. The working condition analysis is as follows:

[0066] In the case of temperature drop, the oil in the rod cavity annular surface shrinks after cooling, the pressure in the cavity cannot be maintained, and under the influence of gravity, the theoretical calculation shows that about 73mm will be extended every 30℃ drop;

[0067] In the case of constant temperature, the internal leakage of the oil cylinder dynamic seal exists within the allowable range of the national standard, and under the influence of gravity, it will also cause the leveling device to slowly slide down, and the theoretical calculation shows that about 1.5mm / 24h will be extended;

[0068] In the case of temperature rise, the oil expands due to heat, and the oil in the rod cavity enters the rodless cavity through the internal leakage, because there is an area difference, a larger extension thrust will be generated for the oil cylinder, and the theoretical calculation shows that about 9mm will be extended every 30℃ rise.

[0069] Therefore, the automatic locking device and the rodless cavity side unloading oil path are added, the outer cylinder of the multi-stage oil cylinder and the leveling device sleeve are fixedly connected as a whole through the locking device before long-distance transportation, so that the hidden danger of the rod cavity of the outrigger oil cylinder being extended due to pressure loss during transportation can be effectively avoided.

[0070] The locking device is as shown in Figure 6 The fixed ring is installed on the sleeve, four disc spring locking devices are symmetrically installed on the fixed ring, and the limiting ring is installed at the bottom surface of the oil cylinder outer cylinder.

[0071] As shown in Figure 8 The inside of the locking device is composed of four 40 / 20.4mm disc springs, when f=0.75h0=0.75*0.9=0.675mm, Pf=621*4=2484Kg, according to the steel-steel friction coefficient 0.15, the friction force generated by a single locking device is 373Kg, and the friction force generated by four locking devices is about 1.5 tons.

[0072] Wherein, f: disc spring deformation; h0: disc spring deformation from free state to flat state; Pf: spring force generated by disc spring when deformation is f.

[0073] When the leveling device is retracted, the rod cavity can provide about 6 tons of pulling force, which is enough to overcome the friction force generated by the disc spring locking device to retract to the position. When the leveling device is extended, the rodless cavity can provide about 22 tons of thrust to overcome the above-mentioned friction force to normally extend. In the transportation state, the oil cylinder rodless cavity is unloaded, and the disc spring locking device can generate a friction force of about 3.5 times the load weight, which can ensure that the leveling device is normally transported without extension.

[0074] The present application provides a heavy load large stroke lifting leveling method, which is realized based on the above-mentioned heavy load large stroke lifting leveling device, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0075] ①Lifting process, comprising the following steps:

[0076] Driven by the hydraulic oil, the outer cylinder (21) extends relative to the inner cylinder (22) and the piston rod (23), and the inner sleeve (3) remains in position under the restriction of the sequence limit ring (32) and the inner cylinder (22);

[0077] The inner cylinder (22) of the multi-stage oil cylinder (2) is extended relative to the piston rod (23) under the driving force of hydraulic oil, and the inner cylinder (31) is extended accordingly under the interaction of the second positioning stop (26) and the inner positioning stop (35) of the inner sleeve (3), thereby realizing sequential action;

[0078] After the multi-stage oil cylinder (2) is fully extended, the inner sleeve (3) is prevented from falling further due to the combined restriction of the sequential limiting ring (32) and the inner cylinder (22), as well as the first positioning stop (17) and the outer positioning stop (34).

[0079] During the lifting process, under the action of the balancing valve (15) belonging to the outer sleeve (1), the load balance pressure is maintained inside the rodless chamber of the multi-stage oil cylinder (2), thereby achieving position maintenance in the lifting state, and the load of each supporting device is detected in real time through the weighing sensor (5), and the load is evenly distributed through the control strategy.

[0080] ② The retraction process includes the following steps:

[0081] The retraction of the lifting and leveling device is the reverse process of the lifting process. The inner sleeve (3) is first retracted under the action of the sequential limiting ring (32) and the inner cylinder (22). After it is in place, it is limited by the outer cylinder (11) and the positioning ring (33), realizing the retraction sequence action.

[0082] After retracting into position, the limiting ring (41) of the locking device (4) is connected to the outer cylinder (11) by thermal assembly or screw connection, and the guide locking ring (42) is screwed to the outer cylinder (21). Under the joint squeezing action of the clamping block (43), the disc spring assembly (44) and the outer cover (45), the outer cylinder (21) is kept in the transport state and does not fall.

[0083] The above description is only the best specific implementation method of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or replacements that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with this technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0084] The contents not described in detail in the specification of the present invention belong to the common knowledge of professionals in this field.

Claims

1. A heavy-load, long-stroke lifting and leveling device, characterized in that: The device comprises: an outer sleeve (1), a multi-stage oil cylinder (2), an inner sleeve (3), a locking device (4), and a weighing sensor (5); the outer sleeve (1) comprises an outer cylinder (11), a top cover plate seat (12), a top support (13), a respirator (14), a balancing valve (15), a pipeline element (16), and a first positioning stop (17); the multi-stage oil cylinder (2) comprises an outer cylinder (21), an inner cylinder (22), a piston rod (23), a support lug (24), a ball head (25), and a second positioning stop (26); the inner sleeve (3) comprises an inner cylinder (31), a sequential limiting ring (32), a positioning ring (33), an outer positioning stop (34), and an inner positioning stop (35); the locking device (4) comprises a limiting ring (41), a guide locking ring (42), a clamping block (43), a disc spring assembly (44), and an outer cover (45); There are three levels of lifting and leveling devices: The first stage is that the outer sleeve (1) is connected to the platform through the outer cylinder (11), the top cover plate seat (12) is connected to the outer cylinder (11) by bolts, the top support (13) and the top cover plate seat (12) are welded or integrally processed, and the respirator (14), the balancing valve (15), and the pipeline component (16) are installed in the top cover plate seat (12); The second stage is that the multi-stage oil cylinder (2) is connected to the top support (13) through the support lug (24). Under the drive of the hydraulic oil, the outer cylinder (21) extends relative to the inner cylinder (22) and the piston rod (23). At this time, the inner sleeve (3) remains in a fixed position under the restriction of the sequential limiting ring (32) and the inner cylinder (22); The third stage is that the inner cylinder (22) of the multi-stage oil cylinder (2) is extended relative to the piston rod (23) under the drive of hydraulic oil, and under the interaction of the second positioning stop (26) and the inner positioning stop (35) of the inner sleeve (3), the inner cylinder (31) is extended accordingly, thereby realizing sequential action; After the multi-stage oil cylinder (2) is fully extended, the inner sleeve (3) is prevented from falling further due to the combined restraining action of the sequential limiting ring (32) and the inner cylinder (22), as well as the first positioning stop (17) and the outer positioning stop (34); During the lifting process, under the action of the balancing valve (15) belonging to the outer sleeve (1), the load balance pressure is maintained inside the rodless chamber of the multi-stage oil cylinder (2), thereby achieving position maintenance in the lifting state, and the load of each supporting device is detected in real time through the weighing sensor (5), and the load is evenly distributed through the control strategy; The retraction of the lifting and leveling device is the reverse process of the lifting process. The inner sleeve (3) is first retracted under the action of the sequential limiting ring (32) and the inner cylinder (22). After it is in place, it is limited by the outer cylinder (11) and the positioning ring (33), thereby realizing the retraction sequence action. After retracting into position, the limiting ring (41) of the locking device (4) is connected to the outer cylinder (11) by thermal assembly or screw connection, and the guide locking ring (42) is screwed to the outer cylinder (21). Under the joint squeezing action of the clamping block (43), the disc spring assembly (44) and the outer cover (45), the outer cylinder (21) is kept in the transport state and does not fall; The minimum lifting force of the lifting and leveling device is calculated based on the secondary cylinder diameter. When the actual pressure is 18MPa, the minimum thrust of the multi-stage cylinder is: Wherein, P: actual pressure of the rodless chamber of the cylinder, S: piston area of ​​the rodless chamber side of the cylinder, d: piston diameter of the rodless chamber side of the cylinder; The locking device (4) is used to fix the outer barrel of the multi-stage oil cylinder and the outer barrel of the leveling device into one body, a limiting ring (41) is installed on the outer barrel, a disc spring assembly (44) is symmetrically installed on the limiting ring (41), and a locking ring (42) is installed on the bottom surface of the outer barrel of the oil cylinder.

2. A heavy-load, long-stroke lifting and leveling method, characterized in that: The method is implemented based on the heavy-load, long-stroke lifting and leveling device in claim 1, and comprises: ① The lifting process includes the following steps: Driven by the hydraulic oil, the outer cylinder (21) extends relative to the inner cylinder (22) and the piston rod (23), and the inner sleeve (3) remains in position under the restriction of the sequence limit ring (32) and the inner cylinder (22); The inner cylinder (22) of the multi-stage oil cylinder (2) is extended relative to the piston rod (23) under the driving force of hydraulic oil, and the inner cylinder (31) is extended accordingly under the interaction of the second positioning stop (26) and the inner positioning stop (35) of the inner sleeve (3), thereby realizing sequential action; After the multi-stage oil cylinder (2) is fully extended, the inner sleeve (3) is prevented from falling further due to the combined restraining action of the sequential limiting ring (32) and the inner cylinder (22), as well as the first positioning stop (17) and the outer positioning stop (34); ② The retraction process includes the following steps: The retraction of the lifting and leveling device is the reverse process of the lifting process. The inner sleeve (3) is first retracted under the action of the sequential limiting ring (32) and the inner cylinder (22). After it is in place, it is limited by the outer cylinder (11) and the positioning ring (33), thereby realizing the retraction sequence action. After retracting into position, the limiting ring (41) of the locking device (4) is connected to the outer cylinder (11) by thermal assembly or screw connection, and the guide locking ring (42) is screwed to the outer cylinder (21). Under the joint squeezing action of the clamping block (43), the disc spring assembly (44) and the outer cover (45), the outer cylinder (21) is kept in the transport state and does not fall; During the lifting process, under the action of the balancing valve (15) belonging to the outer sleeve (1), the load balance pressure is maintained inside the rodless chamber of the multi-stage oil cylinder (2), thereby achieving position maintenance in the lifting state, and the load of each supporting device is detected in real time through the weighing sensor (5), and the load is evenly distributed through the control strategy.

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