A double-tube supercritical water hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor and its working method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a sleeve-type supercritical water hydrogenation exothermic reactor and a working method thereof, comprising a reactor cylinder, an outer sleeve disposed inside the reactor cylinder, one end of the outer sleeve connected to a total hydrogen-rich gas inlet via the top of the reactor cylinder, an inner sleeve disposed inside the outer sleeve, one end of the inner sleeve connected to a total oxygen inlet via the bottom of the reactor cylinder, heat released by the hydrogenation reaction between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve, and heat exchange with a heat exchange medium in the reactor cylinder. This avoids the problem of concentrated heat release, reduces energy loss during the reaction process, and improves the operating efficiency of the reactor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of clean energy conversion, and in particular relates to a double-inserted tube-type supercritical water hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Currently, coal combustion remains the primary method of coal conversion and utilization. This method is not only inefficient but also produces large amounts of pollutants such as sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and dust, severely impacting the natural ecological environment. Given the environmental and ecological impacts of this traditional fossil energy method, as well as the significant socioeconomic demand for energy, it is imperative to develop new, clean, efficient, and low-carbon coal utilization technologies.

[0003] Coal gasification is an important form of coal utilization. Coal gasification technology can convert coal, a primary energy source, into a clean secondary energy source. However, traditional coal gasification technology is associated with numerous issues, including high water consumption, low energy efficiency, and severe environmental pollution. The gasification process also produces a variety of pollutants.

[0004] Supercritical water coal gasification technology is a technology that uses supercritical water as a reaction medium to efficiently produce clean hydrogen. The organic molecules in coal can quickly absorb heat and decompose and gasify in supercritical water. The high solubility of supercritical water can further dissolve and diffuse small organic molecules, accelerating the heat and mass transfer between water and organic molecules. Smaller mass transfer resistance and excellent diffusion capacity can promote the reaction, which is conducive to increasing the concentration of products and reducing the formation of by-products. Ultimately, the organic components of the coal are gasified into a high-content hydrogen-containing gas, realizing the clean conversion and utilization of coal. In the coal supercritical water hydrogen and heat cogeneration technology, the coal gasification product continues to enter the hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor, reacting with oxidants such as oxygen entering the reactor at the same time to release heat, providing heat energy for other processes. Existing supercritical water hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactors have the problem of concentrated and intense heat release during operation, which seriously increases energy loss and reduces the heat release efficiency of the reactor. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art and provide a double-ended tube-type supercritical water hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor and a working method thereof, so as to enhance the mixing of different components and reaction flows in the existing supercritical water hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor, thereby solving the technical problems of concentrated heat release, large energy loss in the reaction process, and low reactor working efficiency.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The invention relates to a sleeve-type supercritical water hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor, comprising a reactor cylinder, an outer sleeve being arranged inside the reactor cylinder, one end of the outer sleeve being connected to a total hydrogen-rich gas inlet via the top of the reactor cylinder, an inner sleeve being arranged inside the outer sleeve, one end of the inner sleeve being connected to a total oxygen inlet via the bottom of the reactor cylinder, heat is released between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve through hydrogen oxidation reaction, and heat is exchanged with a heat exchange medium in the reactor cylinder.

[0008] Specifically, the outer sleeve is arranged along the axial direction of the reactor cylinder.

[0009] Furthermore, the outer sleeve includes a plurality of outer sleeves, which are arranged in an array along the center circumference of the reactor cylinder.

[0010] Specifically, an outer sleeve port is provided on the top of the reactor cylinder, one end of the outer sleeve port is connected to the outer sleeve, and the other end is connected to the hydrogen-rich gas main inlet through the hydrogen-rich gas branch inlet.

[0011] Furthermore, a hydrogen-rich gas shunt valve is provided between the hydrogen-rich gas branch inlet and the hydrogen-rich gas main inlet.

[0012] Specifically, an inner sleeve port is provided at the bottom of the reactor cylinder, one end of the inner sleeve port is connected to the inner sleeve, and the other end is connected to the oxygen main inlet through the oxygen branch inlet. When the inner sleeve port is connected to the outer sleeve, the oxidation product in the sleeve can flow out of the reactor.

[0013] Furthermore, an oxygen shunt valve is provided between the oxygen branch inlet and the oxygen main inlet.

[0014] Specifically, a hydrogen-rich gas main valve is provided at the hydrogen-rich gas main inlet, and an oxygen main valve is provided at the oxygen main inlet.

[0015] Specifically, a reactor outlet is provided at the center of the top of the reactor cylinder, and a reactor inlet is correspondingly provided at the center of the bottom of the reactor cylinder.

[0016] Another technical solution of the present invention is a working method of a sleeve-type supercritical water hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor, comprising the following steps:

[0017] Insert the outer sleeve into the reactor barrel through the corresponding port and make a sealed connection, and insert the inner sleeve into the matching outer sleeve through the corresponding port and make a sealed connection;

[0018] A heat exchange medium is introduced into the reactor cylinder, a hydrogen-rich gas is introduced into the outer sleeve, and oxygen is introduced into the inner sleeve;

[0019] The hydrogen-rich gas and oxygen undergo an exothermic hydrogen oxidation reaction between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve. The high-temperature product transfers heat to the heat exchange medium in the reactor cylinder through the wall of the outer sleeve, and then mixes with the heat exchange medium or flows out of the reactor cylinder.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0021] A supercritical water hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor of the plug-in sleeve type is disclosed. By arranging in an array easy-to-disassemble and replaceable plug-in structure hydrogen oxidation exothermic sleeves, the overall temperature field of the reactor can be zoned and regulated. Replacing the outer sleeves with different tube types can specifically enhance the mixing process in different areas inside the reactor, reduce the energy loss of the reactor, and improve the overall efficiency of the reactor.

[0022] Furthermore, the axial arrangement of the casing structure not only increases the residence time of the reaction flow inside the casing, but also increases the heat exchange stroke between the high-temperature fluid in the casing and the heat exchange medium in the cylinder, thereby strengthening the influence of the outer casing shape on the fluid flow.

[0023] Furthermore, multiple outer sleeves are arranged in an array along the central circumference of the reactor barrel to divide the internal flow field of the reactor into different control areas. The purpose of zoning control of the reactor can be achieved by adjusting the density and spacing of the array arrangement.

[0024] Furthermore, the outer sleeve port facilitates the connection between the outer sleeve and the hydrogen-rich gas inlet, realizing the easy disassembly and replacement characteristics of the outer sleeve. In areas where the sleeve structure is not used, a sealing component can be used to seal the port.

[0025] Furthermore, the hydrogen-rich gas manifold valve can regulate the flow of hydrogen-rich gas to different casing assemblies, thereby specifically adjusting the temperature distribution within the reactor. It can also isolate specific casings without removing the outer casing to prevent leakage in specific tube groups.

[0026] Furthermore, the inner sleeve port facilitates the connection between the inner sleeve and the oxygen distribution inlet, realizing the characteristics of the inner sleeve that is easy to disassemble and replace. In areas where the sleeve structure is not enabled, a sealing component can be used to seal the port. At the same time, it can serve as a port for the oxidation product to flow out of the reactor when the outer sleeve is connected to the bottom of the reactor.

[0027] Furthermore, the oxygen diverter valve can regulate the oxygen flow of different sleeve components and specifically control the temperature distribution inside the reactor. It can also isolate specific pipelines without removing the inner sleeve to prevent leakage of specific pipe groups.

[0028] Furthermore, the hydrogen-rich gas main valve and the oxygen main valve can realize hierarchical control during the startup and operation of the reactor, preventing leakage of specific branch valves from affecting the normal operation of the reactor.

[0029] Furthermore, the reactor outlet and reactor inlet are located at the center of the top and bottom of the reactor, which can avoid the formation of a large dead zone inside. The heat exchange medium and the fluid in the casing flow countercurrently, thereby increasing the temperature of the heat exchange medium at the reactor outlet.

[0030] In summary, the present invention realizes the zoning control of the temperature field inside the reactor through the axial flow and circumferential array arrangement of the sleeve structure, strengthens the heat exchange between the high-temperature oxidation products and the heat exchange medium, reduces the energy loss of the hydrogen oxidation reactor, reduces the reactor maintenance cost, and improves the system operation efficiency.

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a top view of the structure of the present invention.

[0034] Among them: 1. Hydrogen-rich gas main inlet; 2. Reactor outlet; 3. Hydrogen-rich gas branch inlet; 4. Outer sleeve port; 5. Reactor barrel; 6. Outer sleeve; 7. Inner sleeve; 8. Inner sleeve port; 9. Oxygen branch inlet; 10. Reactor inlet; 11. Oxygen main inlet; 12. Hydrogen-rich gas main valve; 13. Hydrogen-rich gas branch valve; 14. Oxygen main valve; 15. Oxygen branch valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "up," "down," "front," "back," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inside," "outside," "one side," "one end," and "one side" and the like, indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended only to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality" means two or more.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0038] It will be understood that when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms “comprises” and “comprising” indicate the presence of described features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups thereof.

[0039] It should also be understood that the terms used in the present specification are only for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used in the present specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0040] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in the present description and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0041] The accompanying drawings illustrate various schematic diagrams of structures according to embodiments disclosed herein. These figures are not drawn to scale; for clarity, some details are exaggerated and some details may be omitted. The shapes of the various regions and layers shown in the figures, as well as their relative sizes and positional relationships, are merely exemplary and may deviate in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations. Those skilled in the art may design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions as needed.

[0042] The present invention provides a double-tube supercritical water hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor and its operating method. Hydrogen-rich gas and oxygen undergo a hydrogen oxidation reaction between an inner and outer tube, releasing heat. Heat is transferred through the outer tube wall to a heat exchange medium, which then mixes with the heat exchange medium or flows out of the reactor. The tube arrangement and tube type selection allow for direct control of the hydrogen oxidation reaction flow, avoiding heat concentration and improving heat exchange efficiency. The easy assembly and disassembly for maintenance significantly reduces maintenance costs for the reactor as a whole and its individual components.

[0043] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2The present invention provides a sleeve-type supercritical water hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor, comprising a hydrogen-rich gas main inlet 1, a reactor outlet 2, a hydrogen-rich gas branch inlet 3, an outer sleeve port 4, a reactor barrel 5, an outer sleeve 6, an inner sleeve 7, an inner sleeve port 8, an oxygen branch inlet 9, a reactor inlet 10, an oxygen main inlet 11, a hydrogen-rich gas main valve 12, a hydrogen-rich gas branch valve 13, an oxygen main valve 14 and an oxygen branch valve 15.

[0044] The hydrogen-rich gas main inlet 1, the hydrogen-rich gas main valve 12 and the branch valves 13 are located above the reactor barrel 5, and the hydrogen-rich gas branch inlet 3 and the outer sleeve port 4 are located at the upper end of the reactor barrel 5.

[0045] A reactor outlet 2 is provided at the center position of the top of the reactor cylinder 5, and a reactor inlet 10 is correspondingly provided at the center of the bottom. An outer sleeve port 4 is provided at the top of the reactor cylinder 5, and the outer sleeve port 4 is connected to one end of the hydrogen-rich gas main valve 12 through the hydrogen-rich gas branch inlet 3 via the corresponding hydrogen-rich gas branch valve 13, and the other end of the hydrogen-rich gas main valve 12 is connected to the hydrogen-rich gas main inlet 1; an inner sleeve port 8 is provided at the bottom of the reactor cylinder 5, and the inner sleeve port 8 is connected to one end of the oxygen main valve 14 through the oxygen branch inlet 9 via the corresponding oxygen branch valve 15, and the other end of the oxygen main valve 14 is connected to the oxygen main inlet 11.

[0046] Multiple outer sleeves 6 are arranged inside the reactor cylinder 5, and an inner sleeve 7 is correspondingly arranged inside each outer sleeve 6. One end of the outer sleeve 6 is connected to the outer sleeve port 4 corresponding to the top of the reactor cylinder 5, and one end of the inner sleeve 7 is connected to the inner sleeve port 8 corresponding to the bottom of the reactor cylinder 5.

[0047] The outer sleeve 6 includes multiple sleeves, which are distributed in an array along the center circumference of the reactor barrel 5 on the outside of the reactor outlet 2, one end of which is connected to the outer sleeve port 4 set at the top of the reactor barrel 5. The outer sleeve 6 is connected to the upper part of the reactor interior through the corresponding port, and the inner sleeve 7 set inside the outer sleeve 6 is connected to the lower part of the reactor interior through the inner sleeve port 8 at the bottom of the reactor barrel 5.

[0048] The array arrangement of the outer sleeve 6 and the inner sleeve 7 matches each other, and the inner sleeve 7 is connected to the bottom of the reactor barrel 5, the outer sleeve 6 is connected to the top of the reactor barrel 5, the inner sleeve 7 is located on the inner side of the outer sleeve 6, and is spaced a certain distance from the top of the reactor barrel 5. The outer sleeve 6 is connected to the bottom of the reactor barrel 5, or is arranged at a certain distance.

[0049] The outer sleeve 6 and the inner sleeve 7 can be taken out from the outer sleeve port 4 and the inner sleeve port 8 for maintenance and replacement.

[0050] The outer sleeve port 4 and the inner sleeve port 8 can both be replaced with sealing interfaces without sleeves, thereby changing the arrangement of the outer sleeve 6 and the inner sleeve 7 inside the reactor.

[0051] The lengths of the outer sleeve 6 and the inner sleeve 7 in the reactor cylinder 5 can be adjusted arbitrarily.

[0052] The outer sleeve 6 can be in any form including a straight tube, a twisted tube or a spiral tube.

[0053] The oxygen main inlet 11 , the oxygen main valve 14 and the branch valves 15 are located below the bottom of the reactor cylinder 5 .

[0054] The working principle of the present invention's double-tube supercritical water hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor is as follows:

[0055] During operation, the matched upper and lower ports 48 are selected and activated to perform sealing installation of the outer sleeve 6 and the inner sleeve 7 respectively;

[0056] The heat exchange medium enters the reactor from the reactor inlet 10 and flows out from the reactor outlet 2. The hydrogen-rich gas passes through the hydrogen-rich gas main inlet 1, the hydrogen-rich gas main valve 12 and each hydrogen-rich gas branch valve 13 and then enters the reactor through the hydrogen-rich gas branch inlet 3.

[0057] Oxygen passes through the oxygen main inlet 11, the oxygen main valve 14, and the oxygen branch valves 15, and then enters the reactor through the oxygen branch inlet 9. The hydrogen-rich gas and oxygen react between the inner sleeve 7 and the outer sleeve 6, transferring heat to the heat exchange medium in the reactor barrel 5. The reaction products flow out of the reactor along with the heat exchange medium or directly out of the reactor through the inner sleeve port 8.

[0058] When the inner sleeve 7 or the outer sleeve 6 needs to be maintained or replaced, it is taken out through the corresponding outer sleeve port 4 and the inner sleeve port 8 to proceed to the next step.

[0059] The working method of the present invention is as follows:

[0060] S1. Select the outer sleeve port 4 to be activated, insert the outer sleeve 6 that meets the required tube type into the reactor through the corresponding port and make a sealed connection, and seal the unactivated port;

[0061] S2, inserting the inner sleeve 7 into the reactor from the inner sleeve port 8 that matches the activated outer sleeve port 4 and making a sealed connection, and sealing the unactivated inner sleeve port 8;

[0062] S3, allowing the heat exchange medium to enter the reactor from the reactor inlet 10, and to flow out from the reactor outlet 2 after filling the reactor;

[0063] S4, open the hydrogen-rich gas main valve 12 and each branch valve 13 to allow the hydrogen-rich gas to enter the reactor through each branch inlet 3; open the oxygen main valve 14 and each branch valve 15 to allow oxygen to enter the reactor through each branch inlet 9;

[0064] S5, the hydrogen-rich gas and oxygen undergo an exothermic hydrogen oxidation reaction between the inner and outer sleeves 67, and the high-temperature product transfers heat to the heat exchange medium in the reactor barrel 5 through the wall of the outer sleeve 6, and then flows into the interior of the reactor and flows out of the reactor through the reactor outlet 2 along with the heat exchange medium or directly flows out of the reactor from the inner sleeve port 8;

[0065] S6. When the reactor needs to be maintained or replaced, the sleeve is taken out through the inner and outer sleeve ports 48 for maintenance or replacement.

[0066] Simulation results show that using a special-shaped outer casing enhances radial mixing of the hot and cold fluids on the shell side, improving shell-side heat transfer efficiency by over 50%. Furthermore, the homogeneous reaction flow within the tube is more thoroughly mixed, effectively preventing the accumulation of high-temperature fluid near the axis of the casing and improving the heat transfer efficiency between the high-temperature oxidation products within the tube and the shell-side heat transfer medium.

[0067] In summary, the present invention provides a pair of plug-in tubular supercritical water hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactors and a working method thereof, which can directly regulate the flow mixing of the reaction stream during the supercritical water hydrogen oxidation exothermic reaction, thereby avoiding excessive concentration and intensity of the reaction, effectively reducing the loss of energy during the reaction, and improving the overall efficiency of the hydrogen oxidation reactor. The present invention is applicable to all supercritical water hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactors of a certain scale.

[0068] The above content is only for explaining the technical idea of ​​the present invention and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes made on the basis of the technical solution in accordance with the technical idea proposed by the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A double-ended tube-type supercritical water hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor, characterized in that: The invention comprises a reactor barrel (5), wherein an outer sleeve (6) is provided inside the reactor barrel (5), one end of the outer sleeve (6) is connected to the hydrogen-rich gas main inlet (1) through the top of the reactor barrel (5), an inner sleeve (7) is provided inside the outer sleeve (6), one end of the inner sleeve (7) is connected to the oxygen main inlet (11) through the bottom of the reactor barrel (5), heat is released between the outer sleeve (6) and the inner sleeve (7) through the hydrogen oxidation reaction, and heat is exchanged with the heat exchange medium in the reactor barrel (5), an outer sleeve port (4) is provided at the top of the reactor barrel (5), one end of the outer sleeve port (4) is connected to the outer sleeve (6), and the other end is connected to the hydrogen-rich gas main inlet (1) through the hydrogen-rich gas branch inlet (3), and an inner sleeve port (8) is provided at the bottom of the reactor barrel (5), one end of the inner sleeve port (8) is connected to the inner sleeve (7), and the other end is connected to the oxygen main inlet (11) through the oxygen branch inlet (9).

2. The plug-in sleeve type supercritical water hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer sleeve (6) is arranged along the axial direction of the reactor barrel (5).

3. The plug-in sleeve type supercritical water hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer sleeve (6) includes a plurality of outer sleeves, which are arranged in an array along the center circumference of the reactor barrel (5).

4. The plug-in sleeve type supercritical water hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hydrogen-rich gas shunt valve (13) is provided between the hydrogen-rich gas branch inlet (3) and the hydrogen-rich gas main inlet (1).

5. The plug-in sleeve type supercritical water hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner sleeve port (8) is capable of allowing the oxidation product in the sleeve to flow out of the reactor when connected to the outer sleeve (6).

6. The plug-in sleeve type supercritical water hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: An oxygen shunt valve (15) is provided between the oxygen branch inlet (9) and the oxygen main inlet (11).

7. The plug-in sleeve type supercritical water hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hydrogen-rich gas main valve (12) is provided at the hydrogen-rich gas main inlet (1), and an oxygen main valve (14) is provided at the oxygen main inlet (11).

8. The plug-in sleeve type supercritical water hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A reactor outlet (2) is provided at the center of the top of the reactor cylinder (5), and a reactor inlet (10) is correspondingly provided at the center of the bottom of the reactor cylinder (5).

9. The working method of the plug-in sleeve type supercritical water hydrogen oxidation exothermic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Insert the outer sleeve into the reactor barrel through the corresponding port and make a sealed connection, and insert the inner sleeve into the matching outer sleeve through the corresponding port and make a sealed connection; A heat exchange medium is introduced into the reactor cylinder, a hydrogen-rich gas is introduced into the outer sleeve, and oxygen is introduced into the inner sleeve; The hydrogen-rich gas and oxygen undergo an exothermic hydrogen oxidation reaction between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve. The high-temperature product transfers heat to the heat exchange medium in the reactor cylinder through the wall of the outer sleeve, and then mixes with the heat exchange medium or flows out of the reactor cylinder.

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