A method for deep sorting of diamonds

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for deep diamond sorting, comprising the following steps: a. Outputting sorted diamonds one by one through a pneumatic material distribution system to a quartz tube sorting channel; b. Acquiring diamond sorting information at depth: obtaining information on the shape, color, size, inclusions, and defects of diamonds by irradiating them with laser optoelectronic information technology; c. Determining the equilibrium rate at which the collected diamonds enter stable motion: calculating the equilibrium rate at which the sorted diamonds enter stable motion according to the equilibrium speed formula; d. Judging and analyzing the diamond sorting information; e. Sorting and outputting qualified diamonds through a microfluidic pipeline: sorting out qualified diamonds that meet the target diamond criteria; This invention performs diamond identification and sorting in the same system, and the equipment can be adjusted to multiple channels according to work requirements and cost considerations, increasing efficiency exponentially, and enabling the removal of unqualified products based on color, shape, size, impurities, and defects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of diamond sorting technology, and in particular to a method for deep sorting of diamonds. Background Technology

[0002] Synthetic diamonds undergo various developmental stages during growth, resulting in diamonds of varying sizes, shapes, and colors. Current technology primarily relies on manual sorting, which is slow, inefficient, and subject to fluctuating standards, leading to poor product consistency. To address this issue and refine existing diamonds (e.g., 40 / 45 mesh initially selected diamonds) based on company needs and factory production conditions, this invention proposes a deep diamond sorting method. This method removes substandard products based on shape (interlocking, irregularity), size, and impurities, or further selects superior diamonds. It allows for deeper sorting of existing diamonds, improving the quality and consistency of diamonds within the same category, significantly increasing factory production efficiency, and reducing production costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem of quickly sorting out qualified diamonds, enabling the removal of substandard products based on color, shape, size, impurities, and defects, or further sorting out diamonds of superior grade. This invention proposes a diamond deep sorting method, in which diamond identification and sorting are carried out in the same system. The equipment can be adjusted to multiple channels according to work requirements and cost considerations, increasing efficiency exponentially. The estimated sorting efficiency of a single machine is 1000-2000 diamonds / minute.

[0004] The technical solution adopted to achieve the above objectives is:

[0005] A method for diamond depth sorting includes the following steps:

[0006] a. Achieve diamond sorting and output: The diamonds to be sorted are transported to the pneumatic material distribution system, and the pneumatic material distribution system outputs the diamonds to be sorted one by one to the quartz tube sorting channel at intervals. Information on the sorted diamonds is collected in the quartz tube sorting channel.

[0007] b. In-depth acquisition of diamond sorting information: The quality of the diamonds entering the quartz tube sorting channel is detected by a quality sensor installed at the entrance. The area measuring instrument installed in the quartz tube sorting channel measures the windward area of ​​the falling diamonds. The photoelectric acquisition system stably illuminates the diamonds with multiple lasers. Based on the laser photoelectric information technology, the diamonds are illuminated to obtain information on their shape, color, size, inclusions, and defects. The acquired diamond sorting information, quality information, and windward area information are then transmitted to the sorting control system.

[0008] c. Determining the equilibrium speed at which sorted diamonds enter stable motion: Based on the received mass and frontal area of ​​the sorted diamonds, the sorting control system calculates the equilibrium speed at which the sorted diamonds enter stable motion using the equilibrium speed formula: mg = kv 2 Where f = kv 2 , c is the air resistance coefficient, ρ is the air density, S is the frontal area, and v is the velocity of the object. The sorting control system calculates the time it takes for the sorted diamonds to reach the sorting pipeline system by determining the balance rate, which provides sufficient conditions for the precise identification and sorting output of the sorted diamonds.

[0009] d. Judging and analyzing diamond sorting information: Before sorting, the sorting control system pre-inputs the mathematical model of the target diamond and sets multiple information such as the shape, color, size, inclusions, and defects of the target diamond as reference standards. Based on the collected information of the shape, color, size, inclusions, and defects of the diamond to be sorted, the sorting control system compares the information difference between the sorted diamond and the target diamond and determines whether the information parameters of the sorted diamond are qualified or unqualified.

[0010] e. Microfluidic pipeline sorting output of qualified diamonds: The sorting control system calculates the arrival time of the sorting diamonds to the sorting pipeline system based on the balance rate of the sorting diamonds. The sorting control system controls the opening or closing of the electromagnetic pipeline valves of the sorting pipeline system. If the shape, color, size, inclusions, and defects of the sorted diamonds all meet the reference standards of the target diamonds, the sorting control system controls the closure of the shape sorting pipeline valve, color sorting pipeline valve, size sorting pipeline valve, inclusion sorting pipeline valve, and defect sorting pipeline valve, and opens the qualified diamond collection pipeline valve. The sorted diamonds output from the quartz tube sorting channel enter the qualified diamond collection box along the main sorting pipeline. If the shape, color, size, inclusions, or defects of the sorted diamonds do not meet the reference standards of the target diamonds, the sorting control system controls the closure of the collection pipeline valves that meet the reference standards of the target diamonds and the qualified diamond collection pipeline valves. The sorted diamonds output from the quartz tube sorting channel enter the corresponding branch sorting pipeline that does not meet the reference standards of the target diamonds, so that diamonds with different sorting information are extracted into the corresponding microfluidic sorting pipelines, and qualified diamonds that meet the target diamonds are sorted out.

[0011] Furthermore, in step a, the output port of the air suction material distribution system is equipped with an electromagnetic valve. The sorting control system controls the opening of the electromagnetic valve to output the next diamond to be sorted based on the movement sorting information of the previous diamond to be sorted, ensuring that adjacent diamonds to be sorted will not interfere with each other.

[0012] Furthermore, in step a, the air-suction material distribution system includes a closed shell with an inlet and an outlet. A turntable is rotatably mounted at the center of the shell, and multiple adsorption holes are circumferentially formed on the outer ring of the turntable. A vacuum chamber is located on one side of the turntable, and a fan is connected outside the vacuum chamber. The other side of the turntable contacts and engages with a semi-arc plate mounted on the shell. A portion of the semi-arc plate is bent and positioned inside the adsorption holes for guidance, while the other portion is mounted outside the adsorption holes. Multiple rotating blades are circumferentially mounted on the outer circle of the turntable. The sorting diamonds entering through the inlet of the shell enter the concave arc formed by the semi-arc plate at the outer circle of the adsorption holes. During operation, the adsorption holes adsorb the sorting diamonds under the negative pressure of the vacuum chamber. As the turntable rotates, the adsorbed sorting diamonds are guided out of the turntable by the semi-arc plate. The rotation of the turntable drives the rotating blades to push the sorting diamonds outside the turntable to the outlet of the shell.

[0013] Furthermore, in step b, five lasers are provided, and the five lasers are used to collect photoelectric information on the shape, color, size, inclusions, and defects of the sorted diamonds.

[0014] Furthermore, in step e, the sorting pipeline system includes a main sorting pipeline connected to the lower end of the quartz tube sorting channel. The lower outlet of the main sorting pipeline is connected to a qualified diamond collection box. Multiple branch sorting pipelines are opened on the side of the main sorting pipeline. Different branch sorting pipelines are respectively connected to diamond collection boxes with unqualified shape, unqualified color, unqualified size, unqualified mixed diamonds, and unqualified damaged diamonds. Each branch sorting pipeline is equipped with a corresponding electromagnetic collection pipeline valve port.

[0015] Furthermore, a vacuum pump or fan is used to generate negative pressure in the different branch sorting pipes to adsorb unqualified sorted diamonds.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. This invention performs diamond identification and sorting within the same system. The equipment can be adjusted to multiple channels based on work requirements and cost considerations, resulting in a significant increase in efficiency. A single unit is estimated to achieve a sorting efficiency of 1000-2000 diamonds per minute. Utilizing independently controllable photoelectric sensing technology and algorithms, this invention achieves micron-level identification accuracy and microsecond-level response speed. It can identify and differentiate synthetic diamonds based on their shape, color, size, inclusions, and defects. A mathematical model is established based on the set target diamond information for comparison, enabling the removal of substandard products due to color, shape, size, impurities, and defects, or further selection of diamonds of superior quality. This improves factory production efficiency and saves production costs.

[0018] 2. This invention calculates the equilibrium speed of diamonds of different categories using the equilibrium speed formula, determines the movement information of the diamonds, identifies the position of the diamonds when they enter a uniform and stable motion state, and accurately calculates the time it takes for the diamonds to reach the sorting pipeline system using the time interval of stable motion. This allows the sorting control system to open or close the electromagnetic pipeline valve of the sorting pipeline system according to the information of the target diamond, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the collected diamond sorting information, and providing sufficient conditions for the precise identification and sorting output of diamonds.

[0019] 3. The pneumatic material distribution system of this invention uses a rotating turntable. The adsorption holes on the turntable adsorb and sort diamonds through negative pressure. By rotating the turntable, a semi-arc plate guides the sorted diamonds in the adsorption holes to the output port, allowing the sorted diamonds to enter the next process. The sorting control system controls the operation of the pneumatic material distribution system to ensure that the pneumatic material distribution system outputs sorted diamonds by particle, realizing the output of sorted diamonds by particle, which facilitates subsequent information collection on the sorted diamonds output by particle.

[0020] 4. The sorting pipeline system of this invention, by setting up a main sorting pipeline and multiple branch sorting pipelines, sorts and collects diamonds according to different information such as shape, color, size, inclusions, and defects. This ensures that the photoelectric information of different diamonds upstream corresponds one-to-one with the downstream sorting pipelines. The sorting control system uses the information of the target diamond as a standard to determine whether the information parameters of the sorted diamonds are qualified or unqualified. Unqualified sorted diamonds are input into the unqualified diamond collection box through the branch sorting pipelines, while qualified sorted diamonds enter the qualified diamond collection box through the main sorting pipeline, thus achieving the purpose of sorting and collection. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a pneumatic material distribution system. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] A method for diamond depth sorting includes the following steps:

[0025] a. To achieve diamond sorting and output: The diamonds to be sorted are transported to the pneumatic material distribution system 1. The pneumatic material distribution system 1 outputs the diamonds to be sorted one by one to the quartz tube sorting channel 2 at intervals. Information on the sorted diamonds is collected in the quartz tube sorting channel 2.

[0026] b. In-depth acquisition of diamond sorting information: The diamonds entering the quartz tube sorting channel 2 are tested for quality by a quality sensor installed at the entrance. The area measuring instrument installed in the quartz tube sorting channel 2 measures the windward area of ​​the falling diamonds. The photoelectric acquisition system stably irradiates the diamonds with multiple lasers 4. Based on the laser photoelectric information technology, the diamonds are irradiated to obtain information on their shape, color, size, inclusions, and defects. The acquired diamond sorting information, quality information, and windward area information are then transmitted to the sorting control system 3.

[0027] c. Determine the equilibrium speed at which the sorted diamonds enter stable motion: Based on the received mass and frontal area of ​​the sorted diamonds, the sorting control system 3 calculates the equilibrium speed at which the sorted diamonds enter stable motion using the equilibrium speed formula: mg = kv 2 Where f = kv 2 , c is the air resistance coefficient, ρ is the air density, S is the frontal area, and v is the object velocity. The sorting control system 3 calculates the time it takes for the sorted diamonds to reach the sorting pipeline system 5 by determining the balance rate, which provides sufficient conditions for the precise identification and sorting output of the sorted diamonds.

[0028] d. Judging and analyzing diamond sorting information: Before the sorting work, the sorting control system 3 pre-inputs the mathematical model of the target diamond, sets the shape, color, size, inclusions, and defects of the target diamond as reference standards, and compares the collected information of shape, color, size, inclusions, and defects of the sorted diamond with the target diamond. The sorting control system 3 judges the information difference between the sorted diamond and the target diamond and determines whether the information parameters of the sorted diamond are qualified or unqualified.

[0029] e. Microfluidic Pipeline Sorting Output of Qualified Diamonds: The sorting control system 3 calculates the arrival time of the sorted diamonds in the sorting pipeline system 5 based on the diamonds' equilibrium rate. The sorting control system 3 controls the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valves in the sorting pipeline system 5. If the shape, color, size, inclusions, and defects of the sorted diamonds all meet the reference standards for the target diamonds, the sorting control system 3 closes the shape sorting pipeline valve, color sorting pipeline valve, size sorting pipeline valve, inclusion sorting pipeline valve, and defect sorting pipeline valve, and opens the qualified diamond collection pipeline valve, allowing the quartz tube to sort the diamonds. The sorted diamonds output from channel 2 enter the qualified diamond collection box 55 along the main sorting pipe 51. If the shape, color, size, inclusions, or defects of the sorted diamonds do not meet the reference standards of the target diamonds, the sorting control system 3 controls the closure of the valve ports of the collection pipes that meet the reference standards of the target diamonds and the valve ports of the qualified diamonds collection pipes. The sorted diamonds output from the quartz tube sorting channel 2 enter the corresponding branch sorting pipe 52 that does not meet the reference standards of the target diamonds, so that diamonds with different sorting information are extracted into the corresponding microfluidic sorting pipes and qualified diamonds that meet the target diamonds are sorted out.

[0030] The mass sensor, area measuring instrument, and other sensors used in this invention are all existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown in this patent, in order to obtain the equilibrium speed of different types of diamonds, the motion information of the diamonds is determined. Utilizing the time interval of motion stabilization, the photoelectric information of the diamonds to be sorted at a certain depth can be obtained based on laser photoelectric information technology. Taking full account of air resistance, the velocity of any object falling through the air will not increase indefinitely and will eventually tend to a stable value, after which it can be considered uniform linear motion, especially for small objects. After multiple diamonds pass through the air-suction material distribution system 1 and fall through the quartz tube sorting channel 2, they will reach an equilibrium speed at a certain position. Figure 1 Point A is the equilibrium speed point, and the equilibrium speed point is different for different diamonds; then the distance between adjacent sorted diamonds will enter the maximum interval and stabilize; this makes it easy for the sorting control system 3 to open or close the electromagnetic pipe valve of the sorting pipe system 5 according to the information of the target diamond, ensuring that the collected diamond sorting information is accurate and stable, which provides sufficient conditions for the precise identification and extraction of tiny diamonds.

[0032] According to air resistance c is the air drag coefficient, ρ is the air density, S is the frontal area, and v is the velocity of the object. Once the object is determined, S is also determined. This can be simplified to f = kv 2 .

[0033] According to Newton's laws, the process of a diamond falling can be described by this nonlinear differential equation.

[0034]

[0035] The initial velocity is 0, i.e., x′(0)=0, and the initial falling distance is 0, i.e., x(0)=0. From the initial conditions, the functional relationship between the falling distance and time can be obtained:

[0036]

[0037] The relationship between the falling speed and time is as follows:

[0038]

[0039] tanh is the hyperbolic tangent function. Therefore, when the equilibrium speed is reached, mg = kv. 2 Thus, the equilibrium velocity formula is obtained.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, in this patent, in order to sort the collected diamonds into smaller pieces and output them by piece, facilitating subsequent information collection on the sorted diamonds, the air-suction material distribution system 1 in step a includes a closed shell 12. Preferably, the internal space of the shell 12 is cylindrical. The shell 12 has an inlet and an outlet 16. A turntable 11 is rotatably mounted on the central axis of the shell 12. The turntable 11 has multiple adsorption holes 13 arranged in a ring around its outer edge. A vacuum chamber is provided on one side of the turntable 11, and a fan is connected outside the vacuum chamber. The other side of the turntable 11 contacts and cooperates with a semi-arc plate 14 mounted on the shell 12. A portion of the semi-arc plate 14 is bent and positioned inside the adsorption holes 13 for guidance. Another part of the semi-arc plate 14 is installed on the outside of the adsorption hole 13. Multiple rotating blades 15 are installed on the outer circumference of the turntable 11. The sorting diamonds entering the inlet of the housing 12 enter the concave arc formed by the semi-arc plate 14 installed on the outer circumference of the adsorption hole 13. During operation, the adsorption hole 13 adsorbs the sorting diamonds under the negative pressure of the vacuum chamber. As the turntable 11 rotates, the adsorbed sorting diamonds are guided out of the turntable 11 by the semi-arc plate 14. The rotation of the turntable 11 drives the rotating blades 15 to push the sorting diamonds outside the turntable 11 to the output port 16 of the housing 12. This allows the sorting diamonds to enter the next process. The sorting control system 3 controls the operation of the air suction material distribution system 1 to ensure that the air suction material distribution system 1 outputs sorting diamonds by particle.

[0041] Furthermore, the air-suction material distribution system 1 can adjust the vacuum level, adsorption pore shape, particle size, and other information according to the specific characteristics of the diamond particles. It can achieve high-speed single-particle arrangement and sorting of diamonds, adapting to various shapes and sizes such as square, long, round, flat, large, medium, and small, without causing any damage to the diamond surface.

[0042] To achieve in-depth acquisition of different information about the sorted diamonds, five lasers 4 are set up in step b. The five lasers 4 are used to collect photoelectric information about the shape, color, size, inclusions, and defects of the sorted diamonds, respectively. This enables specialized acquisition and processing of different photoelectric information of the sorted diamonds, ensuring in-depth acquisition of information. In specific working conditions, the number of lasers 4 can be increased according to the difficulty of acquiring photoelectric information of the sorted diamonds, ensuring in-depth acquisition of different information of the sorted diamonds, which is convenient for subsequent analysis and judgment.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, in order to classify the sorted diamonds and facilitate their sorting and collection based on different information such as shape, color, size, inclusions, and defects, in this embodiment, the sorting pipeline system 5 in step e includes a main sorting pipeline 51 connected to the lower end of the quartz tube sorting channel 2. The lower outlet of the main sorting pipeline 51 is connected to a qualified diamond collection box 55. The main sorting pipeline 51 has multiple branch sorting pipelines 52 on its side. Different branch sorting pipelines 52 are respectively connected to diamond collection boxes 53 for unqualified shape, 54 for unqualified color, 58 for unqualified size, 57 for unqualified diamonds with inclusions, and 56 for unqualified diamonds with defects. Each branch sorting pipeline 52 is equipped with a corresponding electromagnetic collection pipeline valve. This allows the sorting control system 3 to determine whether the information parameters of the target diamond are qualified or unqualified based on the information of the target diamond. Unqualified diamonds are input into the unqualified diamond collection box via the branch sorting pipe 52, while qualified diamonds are input into the qualified diamond collection box 55 via the main sorting pipe 51, thus achieving the purpose of sorting and collection.

[0044] In order to extract diamonds with different sorting information in the main sorting pipe 51 into the corresponding microfluidic sorting pipe, the different branch sorting pipes 52 use vacuum pumps or fans to generate negative pressure to adsorb unqualified sorted diamonds.

[0045] This embodiment does not impose any limitation on the shape, material, structure, etc. of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

[0046] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. However, these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for deep sorting of diamonds, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: a. Achieve diamond sorting and output: The diamonds to be sorted are transported to the pneumatic material distribution system, and the pneumatic material distribution system outputs the diamonds to be sorted one by one to the quartz tube sorting channel at intervals. Information on the sorted diamonds is collected in the quartz tube sorting channel. b. In-depth acquisition of diamond sorting information: The diamonds entering the quartz tube sorting channel are detected by a quality sensor installed at the entrance. The area measuring instrument installed in the quartz tube sorting channel measures the windward area of ​​the falling diamonds. The photoelectric acquisition system stably illuminates the diamonds with multiple lasers. Based on the laser photoelectric information technology, the diamonds are illuminated to obtain information on their shape, color, size, inclusions, and defects. The acquired diamond sorting information, quality information, and windward area information are then transmitted to the sorting control system. c. Determine the equilibrium rate for sorted diamonds to enter stable motion: Based on the received mass and frontal area of ​​the sorted diamonds, the sorting control system calculates the equilibrium rate for the sorted diamonds to enter stable motion using the equilibrium speed formula; the equilibrium speed formula is: ,in , c is the air drag coefficient. S is the air density, S is the frontal area, and v is the velocity of the object; the sorting control system calculates the time it takes for the sorted diamonds to reach the sorting pipeline system based on a determined equilibrium rate. d. Analyze and judge diamond sorting information: Before sorting, the sorting control system pre-inputs the mathematical model of the target diamond and sets the shape, color, size, inclusions, and defects of the target diamond as the reference standard. Based on the collected information of shape, color, size, inclusions, and defects of the diamond to be sorted, the sorting control system compares the information difference between the sorted diamond and the target diamond and determines whether the information parameters of the sorted diamond are qualified or unqualified. e. Sorting and Outputting Qualified Diamonds: The sorting control system calculates the arrival time of the sorting diamonds to the sorting pipeline system based on the diamonds' balance rate. The system then controls the opening and closing of the electromagnetic collection valves in the sorting pipeline system. If the shape, color, size, inclusions, and defects of the sorted diamonds meet the target diamond's reference standards, the system closes the shape, color, size, inclusions, and defects collection valves, and opens the qualified diamond collection valve. The sorted diamonds output from the quartz tube sorting channel then enter the qualified diamond collection box along the main sorting pipeline. If the shape, color, size, inclusions, or defects of the sorted diamonds do not meet the target diamond's reference standards, the system closes both the collection valves that meet the target diamond's reference standards and the qualified diamond collection valve. The sorted diamonds output from the quartz tube sorting channel then enter the corresponding branch sorting pipeline that does not meet the target diamond's reference standards, thus sorting out the qualified diamonds that meet the target diamond's criteria. The air-suction material distribution system in step a includes a closed shell with an inlet and an outlet. A turntable is rotatably mounted at the center of the shell, and multiple adsorption holes are arranged in a ring around the outer circumference of the turntable. A vacuum chamber is located on one side of the turntable, and a fan is connected to the outside of the vacuum chamber. The other side of the turntable contacts and engages with a semi-circular plate mounted on the shell. A portion of the semi-circular plate is bent and positioned inside the adsorption holes for guidance, while the other portion is mounted outside the adsorption holes. Multiple rotating blades are mounted circumferentially on the outer circumference of the turntable. The sorted diamonds entering through the inlet of the housing enter the concave arc formed by the semi-arc plate at the outer circle of the adsorption hole. During operation, the adsorption hole adsorbs the sorted diamonds under the negative pressure of the vacuum chamber. As the turntable rotates, the adsorbed sorted diamonds are guided out of the turntable by the semi-arc plate. The rotation of the turntable drives the rotating blade to push the sorted diamonds outside the turntable to the outlet of the housing.

2. The diamond depth sorting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step a, the output port of the air suction material distribution system is equipped with an electromagnetic valve. The sorting control system controls the opening of the electromagnetic valve to output the next diamond based on the movement sorting information of the previous diamond to be sorted, ensuring that adjacent diamonds to be sorted do not interfere with each other.

3. The diamond depth sorting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step b, five lasers are set up to collect photoelectric information on the shape, color, size, inclusions, and defects of the diamonds being sorted.

4. The diamond depth sorting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step e, the sorting pipeline system includes a main sorting pipeline connected to the lower end of the quartz tube sorting channel. The lower outlet of the main sorting pipeline is connected to a qualified diamond collection box. Multiple branch sorting pipelines are opened on the side of the main sorting pipeline. Different branch sorting pipelines are respectively connected to diamond collection boxes with unqualified shape, unqualified color, unqualified size, unqualified mixed diamonds, and unqualified damaged diamonds. Each branch sorting pipeline is equipped with a corresponding electromagnetic collection pipeline valve.

5. The diamond depth sorting method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Vacuum pumps or fans are used to generate negative pressure in the different branch sorting pipes to adsorb unqualified sorted diamonds.

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