A buckling suppression device and method for creep age forming of complex thin-walled components

Abstract

The present invention discloses a buckling suppression device and method for creep age forming of complex thin-walled components. The device includes two bases, two screw rods, a cross beam, and a number of constant force loading units. The two bases are respectively arranged on both sides of the forming tooling, the two screw rods are respectively connected to the two bases, the two ends of the cross beam are respectively connected to the two screw rods, and a number of constant force loading units are installed on the cross beam. By making the axes of all the constant force loading units coincide with the normal direction of the buckling area of the blank to be formed, the ejector rod applies a constant force to the buckling area of the blank, realizing the constraint on the buckling area of the blank during the creep age forming process, and effectively suppressing the buckling during the creep age forming process of complex thin-walled components. At the same time, the buckling suppression method for creep age forming of complex thin-walled components in the method of the present invention improves the forming accuracy and increases the probability of success of the components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aerospace manufacturing engineering, and particularly relates to a buckling suppression device and method for creep age forming of complex thin-walled components. Background Art

[0002] The creep age forming technology is mainly based on the creep and age characteristics of materials, combines the creep and age strengthening characteristics of aluminum alloys, and improves the material properties while forming components. It has the advantages of small damage, high forming accuracy, good stability, and high repeatability. First, at room temperature, the workpiece is elastically deformed by a certain loading method and this deformation is maintained. Then, it is placed in a heating device together with the tooling and kept warm for a period of time, so that the internal structure and properties are changed, and part of the elastic deformation is converted into plastic deformation.

[0003] Thin-walled structures play an important role in reducing the total weight of the structure. However, large thin-walled components with weak stiffness, variable stiffness, and variable curvature have structural factors such as weak stiffness, variable stiffness, and variable curvature, and the restraint on the blank during the creep age forming process is weak. The blank has the characteristics of coexistence of tensile and compressive stresses and elastic-plastic deformation, resulting in local buckling instability easily occurring during the creep age forming process. Buckling instability has large deformation and suddenness. For example, the invention patent with the patent number 202010028780.6 discloses a method for solving the buckling during the creep age forming process of components, but the mentioned auxiliary forming plate cannot be reused during forming, and a new auxiliary plate must be matched each time it is formed. Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a new buckling suppression device and method for creep age forming of complex thin-walled components. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a buckling suppression device and method for creep age forming of complex thin-walled components, so as to solve the problem of buckling suppression in the collaborative manufacturing of shape and property of components with weak stiffness, variable stiffness, and variable curvature under complex stress levels and states in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a buckling suppression device for creep age forming of complex thin-walled components, which includes two bases symmetrically arranged on both sides of a forming tooling, two screw rods respectively connected to the two bases, a cross beam with both ends respectively connected to the two screw rods, and a plurality of constant force loading units installed on the cross beam; each base includes a chassis, a rotating disk and a screw rod support seat, one side of the chassis is fixedly connected to the side wall of the forming tooling, the other side of the chassis is provided with a central column, the rotating disk is sleeved on the central column and can rotate around the central column, the rotating disk is provided with a rotating positioning hole, a positioning bolt is installed in the rotating positioning hole, the screw rod support seat is fixedly arranged on the rotating disk, and a first through hole is provided on the screw rod support seat; long holes and two second through holes are formed on the cross beam; the two screw rods are respectively arranged on both sides of the forming tooling, one end of the screw rod passes through the first through hole, and the other end of the screw rod passes through the second through hole; each constant force loading unit includes a sleeve, a spring and a ejector rod, the sleeve includes a connecting part with an external thread on the outer surface and a cylinder body connected to the connecting part, the connecting part passes through the long hole and is fixedly connected to the cross beam through a locking bolt, one end of the cylinder body far from the connecting part is provided with an opening, and two guiding sliding grooves are symmetrically arranged in the circumferential direction on the side wall of the cylinder body; the spring is arranged in the cylinder body; the ejector rod includes a ejector column and a ejector head, one end of the ejector column is arranged in the cylinder body and connected to the spring, the other end of the ejector column extends out of the cylinder body, a guiding bolt capable of moving along the two guiding sliding grooves is arranged on the ejector column, and the ejector head is connected to the extending end of the ejector column; all the ejector heads apply a constant force to the buckling area of the blank to be formed.

[0006] Further, a radial hole is arranged along the radial direction on the central column; the base further includes a wire lock catch, and the wire lock catch passes through the radial hole.

[0007] Further, the rotating disk is provided with a central hole matching the central column, and the rotating disk is sleeved on the central column through the central hole; the rotating positioning hole is an arc-shaped hole coaxially arranged with the central hole; the rotation angle of the rotating disk < 60°.

[0008] Further, the screw rod support seat is of an H-shaped structure, one end of the screw rod support seat is fixedly connected to the rotating disk, and an avoidance notch for avoiding the central column is arranged on the web of the screw rod support seat at the end connected to the rotating disk; the first through hole is arranged on the web.

[0009] Further, the rotating positioning hole is arranged on the rotating disk and between the two wing plates of the screw rod support seat.

[0010] Further, a flared portion is provided at the open end of the cylinder body, and the inner diameter of the flared portion is larger than the inner diameter of the cylinder body.

[0011] Further, a protrusion is provided at one end of the top column connected to the spring, and two sliding positioning holes are symmetrically opened in the circumferential direction of the protrusion; the two guiding bolts are respectively arranged in the two sliding positioning holes.

[0012] Further, the top head is a hemispherical structure made of high-temperature resistant silica gel material.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for suppressing buckling in creep age forming of complex thin-walled components, using the above device to suppress buckling during the creep age forming process of complex thin-walled components, and the method includes the following steps:

[0014] S1. Obtain the positions and ranges where buckling occurs in the complex thin-walled component during the creep age forming process through numerical simulation, and make marks at the corresponding positions on the actual blank to be formed.

[0015] S2. Place the blank to be formed with marks on the forming tooling, wrap it with a vacuum bag, and evacuate the vacuum bag at room temperature outside the autoclave.

[0016] S3. First, install the two rotating discs onto the two chassis through the central holes respectively. The two chassis are symmetrically and fixedly arranged on both sides of the forming tooling, and a screw support seat is fixedly connected to each of the two rotating discs; then install two screws respectively, and fix one end of each screw at the first through hole of the screw support seat with a nut; then fix the other ends of the two screws to the two second through holes of the cross beam with nuts respectively.

[0017] S4. Adjust the two rotating discs respectively to make the axes of all constant force loading units coincide with the normal direction of the buckling area of the blank to be formed, and fix the rotating discs with positioning bolts.

[0018] S5. Install the constant force loading unit: first screw the first nut onto the connecting portion of the sleeve, then pass the connecting portion from bottom to top through the long hole of the cross beam, then screw the second nut onto the connecting portion, and then use a torque wrench to screw the first nut out towards the end of the connecting portion. The spring in the constant force loading unit is compressed, and the ejector rod is pushed by the compressed spring to apply a constant force to the buckling area of the blank; when the spring is compressed in place, finally tighten the second nut. At this time, the first nut and the second nut fix the constant force loading unit on the cross beam.

[0019] S6. Autoclave forming: Put the forming tooling, the vacuum bag and the device as a whole into the autoclave for autoclave forming.

[0020] Furthermore, the tips of all the constant force loading units are in contact with the blank to be formed, suppressing buckling.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) The buckling suppression device for creep age forming of complex thin-walled components of the present invention includes a base, a screw rod, a cross beam, and a plurality of constant force loading units; by making the axes of all the constant force loading units coincide with the normal direction of the buckling area of the blank to be formed, the ejector rod applies a constant force to the buckling area of the blank, realizing the constraint on the buckling area of the blank during the creep age forming process, and effectively suppressing buckling during the creep age forming process of complex thin-walled components. The device of the present invention can be applied to the autoclave device commonly used in creep age forming, effectively suppressing the generation of buckling and improving the forming quality.

[0023] (2) The buckling suppression device for creep age forming of complex thin-walled components of the present invention can be reused; the auxiliary plates mentioned in the existing buckling suppression technology can only be used once and belong to consumables.

[0024] (3) The buckling suppression method for creep age forming of complex thin-walled components of the present invention sets a suppression device for suppressing the creep age forming buckling of complex thin-walled components on the forming tooling, improving the forming accuracy and increasing the probability of success of the components.

[0025] In addition to the purposes, features, and advantages described above, the present invention has other purposes, features, and advantages. The following will refer to the drawings for a further detailed description of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, and constitute a part of the specification, and are used together with the following specific embodiments to explain the embodiments of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation to the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the buckling suppression device for creep age forming of complex thin-walled components according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the base according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the cross beam according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the constant force loading device according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the ejector rod according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Wherein: 1 - forming tooling; 2 - complex thin-walled component; 3 - base; 3.1 - chassis; 3.11 - central column; 3.2 - rotating disk; 3.21 - rotating positioning hole; 3.3 - screw support seat; 3.31 - first through hole; 3.32 - avoiding notch; 3.4 - positioning bolt; 3.5 - wire lock; 4 - screw; 5 - cross beam; 5.1 - long hole; 5.2 - second through hole; 6 - constant force loading unit; 6.1 - sleeve; 6.11 - connecting part; 6.12 - cylinder body; 6.13 - flared part; 6.2 - spring; 6.3 - ejector rod; 6.31 - ejector post; 6.32 - ejector head; 6.33 - protrusion; 6.34 - sliding positioning hole; 6.4 - guiding bolt; a - guiding chute. Specific embodiments

[0033] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention can be implemented in many different ways defined and covered by the claims.

[0034] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 , this embodiment provides a buckling suppression device for creep age forming of complex thin-walled components, including a base 3, two screws 4 respectively connected to the two bases, a cross beam 5 with both ends respectively connected to the two screws, and a plurality of constant force loading units 6 installed on the cross beam; the specific structure is as follows:

[0035] The bases are two symmetrically arranged on both sides of the forming tooling 1. Each base includes a chassis 3.1, a rotating disk 3.2 and a screw support seat 3.3. One side of the chassis 3.1 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the forming tooling, and the other side of the chassis is provided with a central column 3.11. A radial hole is arranged along the radial direction on the central column, and a wire lock 3.5 is penetrated in the radial hole. The rotating disk 3.2 is provided with a central hole matching the central column, and the rotating disk is sleeved on the central column through the central hole. During use, the rotating disk can rotate around the central column, and the wire lock 3.5 can effectively prevent the rotating disk from falling off the central column. The rotating disk is provided with a rotating positioning hole 3.21, and a positioning bolt 3.4 is installed in the rotating positioning hole. After determining the rotation angle of the rotating disk, tighten the positioning bolt 3.4 to fix the angle of the rotating disk. The rotating positioning hole 3.21 is an arc-shaped hole coaxially arranged with the central hole; preferably, the rotation angle of the rotating disk < 60°. This structure is provided with a rotating disk 3.2 on the base 3, which is convenient for adjusting the angles of the two screws 4, that is, facilitating the axes of the constant force loading units 6 to coincide with the normal direction of the buckling area of the blank to be formed, and the structure is reasonably arranged.

[0036] The screw support base 3.3 is fixedly arranged on the rotating disk, and a first through hole 3.31 is provided on the screw support base; specifically, the screw support base is of an H-shaped structure, one end of the screw support base is fixedly connected to the rotating disk, and an avoidance notch 3.32 for avoiding the central column is provided on the web of the screw support base at the end connected to the rotating disk, and the first through hole 3.31 is arranged on the web. The rotation positioning hole 3.21 is arranged on the rotating disk and between the two wing plates of the screw support base. The cross beam 5 is also of an H-shaped structure, and a long hole 5.1 and two second through holes 5.2 located at both ends of the long hole are opened on the cross beam. Two screws are respectively arranged on both sides of the forming tooling, one end of the screw passes through the first through hole of the base and is fixed by a nut, and the other end of the screw passes through the second through hole on the same side of the cross beam and is also fixed by a nut.

[0037] Each constant force loading unit 6 includes a sleeve 6.1, a spring 6.2 and a ejector rod 6.3. The sleeve includes a connecting portion 6.11 with external threads on the outer surface and a cylinder body 6.12 connected to the connecting portion. The connecting portion passes through the long hole and is fixedly connected to the cross beam by a locking bolt. One end of the cylinder body away from the connecting portion is provided with an opening, and two guiding sliding grooves a are symmetrically arranged in the circumferential direction on the side wall of the cylinder body. The spring is arranged inside the cylinder body. The ejector rod includes a ejector column 6.31 and a ejector head 6.32. One end of the ejector column is arranged inside the cylinder body and connected to the spring, and the other end of the ejector column extends out of the cylinder body. A guiding bolt 6.4 capable of moving along the two guiding sliding grooves is arranged on the ejector column. The ejector head is connected to the extending end of the ejector column, and the ejector head is a hemispherical structure made of high-temperature resistant silica gel material. In this structural setting, a protruding portion 6.33 in the radial direction is arranged at the end of the ejector column connected to the spring, and two sliding positioning holes 6.34 are symmetrically arranged in the circumferential direction of the protruding portion. The two guiding bolts 6.4 are respectively arranged in the two sliding positioning holes. Specifically, the sliding positioning hole 6.34 is a threaded hole adapted to the guiding bolt 6.4; the two guiding bolts respectively pass through the two guiding sliding grooves on both sides of the sleeve and are connected to the corresponding sliding positioning holes. During use, the spring inside the sleeve is compressed, and the compressed spring provides a constant force to the ejector rod 43, that is, all the ejector heads apply a constant force to the buckling area of the blank to be formed.

[0038] In a specific embodiment, a flared portion 6.13 is further arranged at the open end of the cylinder body, and the inner diameter of the flared portion is larger than the inner diameter of the cylinder body. In this structural setting, the flared portion plays a guiding role during the assembly of the constant force loading unit.

[0039] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for suppressing buckling in the creep age forming of complex thin-walled components, using the above device to suppress buckling during the creep age forming of complex thin-walled components. The method includes the following steps:

[0040] S1. Obtain the position and range where the complex thin-walled component 2 buckles during creep age forming through numerical simulation, and mark the corresponding positions on the actual blank to be formed.

[0041] S2. Place the marked blank to be formed on the forming tooling 1, wrap it with a vacuum bag, and evacuate the vacuum bag at room temperature outside the autoclave.

[0042] S3. First, install two rotating disks 3.2 onto two chassis 3.1 respectively through the central holes. The two chassis are symmetrically and fixedly arranged on both sides of the forming tooling. A screw support base 3.3 is fixedly connected to each of the two rotating disks. Then install two screws 4 respectively. One end of each screw is fixed with a nut at the first through hole 3.31 of the screw support base. Then fix the other ends of the two screws to the two second through holes 5.2 of the cross beam 5 with nuts respectively.

[0043] S4. Adjust the two rotating disks respectively so that the axes of all constant force loading units 6 coincide with the normal direction of the buckling area of the blank to be formed, and fix the rotating disks with positioning bolts 3.4.

[0044] S5. Install the constant force loading unit: First, screw a first nut onto the connecting part 6.11 of the sleeve 6.1, then pass the connecting part upward through the long hole 5.1 of the cross beam from bottom to top, and then screw a second nut onto the connecting part (at this time, the second nut is not tightened). Then use a torque wrench to screw the first nut out towards the end of the connecting part. The spring 6.2 inside the constant force loading unit is compressed, and the ejector rod 6.3 is pushed by the compressed spring 6.2 to apply a constant force to the buckling area of the blank. When the spring 6.2 is compressed in place, finally tighten the second nut. At this time, the first nut and the second nut fix the constant force loading unit 6 on the cross beam. The ejector heads 6.32 of all constant force loading units 6 are in contact with the blank to be formed. In this step, use a torque wrench to screw the first nut out towards the end of the connecting part (to ensure that the force value can be repeated each time of forming). At this time, the spring 6.2 inside the constant force loading unit is compressed, and the ejector rod 6.3 is pushed by the compressed spring 6.2 to apply a constant force to the buckling area of the blank, inhibiting buckling.

[0045] S6. Autoclave forming: Put the forming tooling 1, the vacuum bag and the whole device into the autoclave for autoclave forming.

[0046] In the present invention, the number and setting positions of the constant force loading units are determined according to the buckling range obtained in step 1; the position where the buckling suppression device is placed is determined according to the buckling obtained by simulation.

[0047] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A buckling suppression device for creep age forming of complex thin-walled components, characterized in that, it includes two bases (3) symmetrically arranged on both sides of a forming tooling (1), two screw rods (4) respectively connected to the two bases, a cross beam (5) with both ends respectively connected to the two screw rods, and a plurality of constant force loading units (6) installed on the cross beam; each base includes a chassis (3.1), a rotating disk (3.2) and a screw rod support seat (3.3), one side of the chassis is fixedly connected to the side wall of the forming tooling, the other side of the chassis is provided with a central column (3.11), the rotating disk is sleeved on the central column and can rotate around the central column, the rotating disk is provided with a rotating positioning hole (3.21), a positioning bolt (3.4) is installed in the rotating positioning hole, the screw rod support seat is fixedly arranged on the rotating disk, and the screw rod support seat is provided with a first through hole (3.31); long strip holes (5.1) and two second through holes (5.2) are formed on the cross beam; the two screw rods are respectively arranged on both sides of the forming tooling, one end of the screw rod penetrates through the first through hole, and the other end of the screw rod penetrates through the second through hole; each constant force loading unit includes a sleeve (6.1), a spring (6.2) and a ejector rod (6.3), the sleeve includes a connecting part (6.11) with an external thread on the outer surface and a cylinder body (6.12) connected to the connecting part, the connecting part penetrates through the long strip hole and is fixedly connected to the cross beam through a locking bolt, one end of the cylinder body far away from the connecting part is provided with an opening, and two guiding sliding grooves (a) are symmetrically arranged in the circumferential direction of the side wall of the cylinder body; the spring is arranged in the cylinder body; the ejector rod includes an ejector column (6.31) and an ejector head (6.32), one end of the ejector column is arranged in the cylinder body and connected to the spring, the other end of the ejector column extends out of the cylinder body, a guiding bolt (6.4) capable of moving along the two guiding sliding grooves is arranged on the ejector column, and the ejector head is connected to the extending end of the ejector column; all the ejector heads apply a constant force to the buckling area of the blank to be formed.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, radial holes are arranged along the radial direction on the central column; the base further includes a wire lock (3.5), and the wire lock penetrates through the radial holes.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the rotating disk is provided with a central hole matching the central column, and the rotating disk is sleeved on the central column through the central hole; the rotating positioning hole (3.21) is an arc-shaped hole coaxially arranged with the central hole; the rotation angle of the rotating disk < 60°.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the screw rod support seat is of an H-shaped structure, one end of the screw rod support seat is fixedly connected to the rotating disk, and an avoiding notch (3.32) for avoiding the central column is arranged on the web of the screw rod support seat connected to the rotating disk; the first through hole (3.31) is arranged on the web.

5. The device according to claim 4, wherein, the rotating positioning hole (3.21) is arranged on the rotating disk and between the two wing plates of the screw support seat.

6. The device according to claim 1, wherein, a flared portion (6.13) is further arranged at the open end of the cylinder body, and the inner diameter of the flared portion is larger than the inner diameter of the cylinder body.

7. The device according to claim 1, wherein, a protrusion portion (6.33) is arranged at one end of the top column connected to the spring, and two sliding positioning holes (6.34) are symmetrically arranged in the circumferential direction of the protrusion portion; the two guiding bolts are respectively arranged in the two sliding positioning holes.

8. The device according to claim 1, wherein, the top head is a hemispherical structure made of high-temperature resistant silica gel material.

9. A method for suppressing buckling in creep age forming of complex thin-walled components, wherein, the device according to any one of claims 1-8 is used to suppress buckling during the creep age forming process of complex thin-walled components, and the method includes the following steps: S1. Obtain the position and range where buckling occurs in the complex thin-walled component (2) during the creep age forming process by numerical simulation, and make marks at the corresponding positions on the actual blank to be formed; S2. Place the marked blank to be formed on the forming tooling (1), wrap it with a vacuum bag, and evacuate the vacuum bag at room temperature outside the autoclave; S3. First, install the two rotating disks (3.2) onto the two chassis (3.1) respectively through the central holes. The two chassis are symmetrically and fixedly arranged on both sides of the forming tooling. A screw support seat (3.3) is fixedly connected to each of the two rotating disks; then install two screws (4) respectively. One end of the screw is fixed at the first through hole (3.31) of the screw support seat with a nut; then fix the other ends of the two screws to the two second through holes (5.2) of the cross beam (5) with nuts respectively; S4. Adjust the two rotating disks respectively to make the axes of all constant force loading units (6) coincide with the normal direction of the buckling area of the blank to be formed, and fix the rotating disks with positioning bolts (3.4); S5. Install the constant force loading unit: first screw a first nut onto the connecting portion (6.11) of the sleeve (6.1), then pass the connecting portion through the long hole (5.1) of the cross beam from bottom to top, then screw a second nut onto the connecting portion, and then use a torque wrench to screw the first nut out towards the end of the connecting portion. The spring (6.2) in the constant force loading unit is compressed, and the ejector rod (6.3) is pushed by the compressed spring (6.2) to apply a constant force to the buckling area of the blank; when the spring (6.2) is compressed in place, finally tighten the second nut. At this time, the first nut and the second nut fix the constant force loading unit (6) on the cross beam; S6. Autoclave forming: Put the forming tooling (1), the vacuum bag and the device as a whole into the autoclave for autoclave forming.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein, The tips (6.32) of all the constant force loading units (6) are in contact with the blank to be formed.

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