A method for rapidly and efficiently breeding lily bulbs using buds

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for rapidly and efficiently breeding lily bulbs by using buds, which is characterized in that the lily buds are used as propagules, and comprises the following steps: step 1) removing scales to obtain the lily buds, step 2) dehydrating the surface of the lily bud stems, step 3) treating the lily buds with a plant growth agent to promote rooting, step 4) disinfecting the lily buds, step 5) planting and cultivating the lily buds in a greenhouse or a shed, step 6) applying fertilization formula to the lily buds, and step 7) controlling the cultivation environment of the lily buds, so as to obtain flowering bulbs with a circumference of more than 14 cm. The discarded lily buds are fully utilized to cultivate flowering bulbs with uniform and consistent sizes and high quality, with a bulbing rate of 100%, simplifying the operation, saving labor costs, and only needing 7 to 8 months under facility environment conditions to obtain flowering bulbs with a circumference of more than 14 cm, greatly shortening the cultivation time of flowering bulbs and saving cultivation management costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for rapidly and efficiently breeding lily bulbs by utilizing buds, and belongs to the technical field of plant asexual propagation. Background Art

[0002] Lily is a traditional Chinese medicinal and edible plant, and is also one of the world's top five cut flowers. The underground bulb of lily is enlarged, and the scales have the ability to sprout small seed balls, which can be used as reproductive organs for asexual reproduction. In addition, when the plant is withered and the underground bulbs are harvested, multiple small seed balls will grow at the base of the old stem. When edible lilies are propagated, stem seed balls are often used as seed sources for reproduction, while when flower lilies are propagated, seed balls that sprout from scales are mostly used for reproduction. After the scales of flower lily bulbs are peeled off, germinated buds will remain. Although the buds are rich in polysaccharides and have strong antioxidant activity, their tissues are tender and have high water content. When used as propagules, their cultivation and management are difficult, so most of the existing technologies treat them as waste and discard them. When breeding lily scale bulbs on a large scale, for example, 10,000 bulbs will produce 10,000 buds after the scales are peeled. Too many buds are discarded, resulting in a waste of breeding mother bodies. In addition, lily bulbs are expensive, and the loss is obvious. Therefore, if lily buds can be fully utilized as breeding mother bodies for flower lilies, greater economic benefits can be obtained after bulb breeding. At the same time, high-quality bulbs with a strong and vibrant appearance can be quickly obtained, providing a new path for the production of flower lily bulbs.

[0003] Indolebutyric acid is a mixed plant growth regulator made by compounding indolebutyric acid and naphthaleneacetic acid in a certain ratio. Indolebutyric acid is a plant growth hormone with a strong systemic conduction effect. It can enter the plant body through the leaves, tender epidermis of branches, and seeds, and be transported to the active part with the nutrient flow. Indolebutyric acid can stimulate the cell division and growth in the inner sheath of the root, induce adventitious roots, make the lateral roots grow faster and more, improve the survival rate of the plant, and promote the healthy growth of the plant. There is no report on the research of promoting the rooting of lily buds and then promoting the growth of lily bulbs by treating with indolebutyric acid. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to bring out the value of buds and shorten the breeding time of lily bulbs, the present invention provides a method for rapidly and efficiently breeding lily bulbs by using buds as propagating bodies.

[0005] The present invention innovatively utilizes lily buds as propagules, and provides a method for quickly obtaining lily flowering bulbs through a combination of technical means such as mild dehydration, plant growth regulation to promote rooting, bud disinfection, and efficient planting, thereby greatly improving the utilization value of lily buds.

[0006] The present invention is accomplished by the following technical scheme: a method for rapidly and efficiently breeding lily bulbs by using buds, characterized in that the lily buds are used as propagules, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1) removing scales to obtain lily buds. From late February to early April, remove scales from lily bulbs that have been subjected to low-temperature dormancy breaking to obtain germinated lily buds, leaving a taproot at the base of the lily buds.

[0008] Step 2) Dehydrating the surface of the lily bud stems: the buds from step 1) are placed flat in a well-ventilated room at 18-25°C for 2-3 days, so that the surface moisture of the buds is dried without shrinking, and the scales in the middle and upper parts of the buds maintain sufficient moisture;

[0009] Step 3) treating the lily buds with a plant growth agent to promote root growth, placing the lily buds from step 2) in a 300-600 times indoleacetic acid solution, immersing 1 / 2 of the lily buds in the solution, and soaking for 10-12 hours to promote root growth; the indoleacetic acid solution is prepared by dissolving a 5% indoleacetic acid soluble powder in water;

[0010] Step 4) Disinfection of lily buds: take out the lily buds from step 3), drain the water, put them into a disinfectant, and immerse the entire buds in the disinfectant for 20 to 30 minutes; the disinfectant is a mixed solution prepared by using 1000 times of methomyl and 800 times of pyrimethanil in a volume ratio of 1:1;

[0011] Step 5) Planting and cultivating the lily buds in a greenhouse or shed: planting the lily buds from step 4) in a substrate or soil in a greenhouse or shed within 24 hours, and when the bud length is less than or equal to 15 cm, burying them all in the substrate or soil; when the bud length is greater than 15 cm, allowing the bud tip to be exposed from the surface of the substrate or soil;

[0012] Step 6) Fertilize the lily buds with formula: After planting, water the soil or substrate until it is saturated, and then stop watering for 5 to 7 days to promote the rooting and germination of the plant's stems; after 7 days to 3 months, apply Formula 1 fertilizer, and after 3 months, apply Formula 2 fertilizer;

[0013] Step 7) Control of the lily bud cultivation environment. During the entire cultivation process of the lily buds in steps 5) and 6), the air temperature in the greenhouse or shed needs to be controlled as follows: the lowest temperature at night is controlled above 13°C, the daytime temperature is controlled below 28°C, and the temperature variation within 24 hours is controlled within 10°C. After 7 to 8 months of cultivation, lily flowering bulbs with a circumference of more than 14 cm are harvested.

[0014] The lily buds in step 1) are buds obtained by removing scales from lily bulbs with a circumference of 14 cm or more.

[0015] The low-temperature dormancy breaking in step 1) is to store the lily bulbs in a low-temperature environment of 0 to 4°C for 30 to 90 days to break dormancy.

[0016] The formula fertilizer No. 1 of step 6) is as follows:

[0017] Ammonium nitrate 0.18 kg / mu

[0018] Potassium nitrate 0.10 kg / mu

[0019] Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.28 kg / mu

[0020] Magnesium sulfate 0.19 kg / mu

[0021] Potassium sulfate 0.10 kg / mu

[0022] Calcium nitrate 0.12 kg / mu

[0023] Ferric citrate 1.0 g / mu

[0024] Boric acid 0.4 g / mu

[0025] Copper sulfate 1.7 g / mu

[0026] Zinc sulfate 1.7 g / mu

[0027] Ammonium molybdate 0.5 g / mu

[0028] Apply the above formula fertilizer No. 1 once every 3 days for 3 consecutive months.

[0029] The formula fertilizer No. 2 of step 6) is as follows:

[0030] Ammonium nitrate 0.16 kg / mu

[0031] Potassium nitrate 0.12 kg / mu

[0032] Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.28 kg / mu

[0033] Magnesium sulfate 0.19 kg / mu

[0034] Potassium sulfate 0.15 kg / mu

[0035] Calcium nitrate 0.15 kg / mu

[0036] Ferric citrate 2.0 g / mu

[0037] Boric acid 0.4 g / mu

[0038] Copper sulfate 1.7 g / mu

[0039] Zinc sulfate 1.7 g / mu

[0040] Ammonium molybdate 0.5 g / mu

[0041] After the lily bud plants have grown for 3 months, apply the above-mentioned No. 2 formula fertilizer once every 2 days until the circumference reaches more than 14 cm.

[0042] The advantages and effects of the present invention are:

[0043] (1) The moderately air-dried lily buds were soaked in indoleacetic acid, which enabled the stem roots of the lily buds to germinate quickly. The stem roots of the soaked buds germinated more than 15 days earlier than those of the untreated buds, providing a better stem root system for the subsequent growth of the buds into strong plants.

[0044] (2) As the buds are of uniform size, when all processing steps and cultivation conditions are ensured to be consistent, the bulbs grown from the buds are of uniform size and size, with a circumference of more than 14 cm and compact scales. The quality of the bulbs is significantly better than that of bulbs grown in the open field with lily scales. In addition, the plants are free from fungal diseases and insect pests in the facility environment. The bulb formation rate of the bud bulbs can reach 100%, which is much higher than that of the bulbs grown in the field.

[0045] (3) When using bud plants to cultivate bulbs, since the plants will no longer produce flower buds and only have vegetative growth, the process of topping the plants to remove flower buds in the conventional bulb breeding process is eliminated, which simplifies the operation and saves labor costs.

[0046] (4) It only takes 7 to 8 months for bud plants cultivated under facility environment conditions to grow into flowering bulbs with a circumference of more than 14 cm. This shortens the time it takes to cultivate flowering bulbs from bud plants cultivated in the field by 2 months, allowing the bulbs to quickly reach the specifications of flowering bulbs, greatly saving cultivation and management costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 This is a picture of the buds left after the scales of the lily flowering bulb are peeled off;

[0048] Figure 2 It is the rooting of the buds of plants that have been treated with indoleacetic acid and then grown;

[0049] Figure 3 It is a harvest of high-quality lily bulbs cultivated from bud plants. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] A method for rapidly and efficiently breeding lily bulbs using buds, using lily buds as breeding bodies, comprising the following steps:

[0053] Step 1: At the end of February, remove the scales of the 'Siberia' lily bulbs that have been broken by low temperature dormancy, and obtain the germinated lily buds, leaving the taproot at the base of the lily buds;

[0054] The lily buds are buds obtained by removing scales from lily bulbs with a circumference of 14 cm;

[0055] The low temperature dormancy breaking method is to store the lily bulbs in a low temperature environment of 0°C for 85 days to break dormancy;

[0056] Step 2: Place the buds from step 1 flat in a well-ventilated room at 18°C ​​for 3 days to allow the surface moisture of the buds to dry without shrinking, and the scales in the middle and upper parts of the buds to maintain sufficient moisture;

[0057] Step 3: Place the lily buds in step 2 into a 300-fold indoleacetic acid solution, immerse 1 / 2 of the lily buds in the solution, and soak for 10 hours to promote rooting;

[0058] The indoleacetic acid solution is prepared by dissolving indoleacetic acid soluble powder with a content of 5% indoleacetic acid in water;

[0059] Step 4: Take out the lily buds from step 3, drain the water, put them into a disinfectant, and immerse the entire buds in the disinfectant for 20 minutes; the disinfectant is a mixed solution prepared by using 1000 times of methomyl and 800 times of pyrimethanil in a volume ratio of 1:1;

[0060] Step 5: Plant the lily buds from step 4 into the soil of a greenhouse within 24 hours. The buds are 15 cm long and are completely buried in the soil.

[0061] Step 6: After planting, water the substrate until it is saturated. Do not water or fertilize for the next 5 days to promote the rooting and germination of the plant's stems. After 7 days to 3 months, apply the following Formula 1 fertilizer once every 3 days;

[0062] Ammonium nitrate 0.18 kg / mu

[0063] Potassium nitrate 0.10 kg / mu

[0064] Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.28 kg / mu

[0065] Magnesium sulfate 0.19 kg / mu

[0066] Potassium sulfate 0.10 kg / mu

[0067] Calcium nitrate 0.12 kg / mu

[0068] Ferric citrate 1.0 g / mu

[0069] Boric acid 0.4 g / mu

[0070] Copper sulfate 1.7 g / mu

[0071] Zinc sulfate 1.7 g / mu

[0072] Ammonium molybdate 0.5 g / mu;

[0073] After the lily buds have grown for 3 months, apply the following No. 2 formula fertilizer once every 2 days:

[0074] Ammonium nitrate 0.16 kg / mu

[0075] Potassium nitrate 0.12 kg / mu

[0076] Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.28 kg / mu

[0077] Magnesium sulfate 0.19 kg / mu

[0078] Potassium sulfate 0.15 kg / mu

[0079] Calcium nitrate 0.15 kg / mu

[0080] Ferric citrate 2.0 g / mu

[0081] Boric acid 0.4 g / mu

[0082] Copper sulfate 1.7 g / mu

[0083] Zinc sulfate 1.7 g / mu

[0084] Ammonium molybdate 0.5 g / mu;

[0085] Step 7: During the entire cultivation process of the lily buds in steps 5 and 6, the air temperature in the greenhouse needs to be controlled as follows: the lowest temperature at night is controlled at 14°C, the highest temperature during the day is controlled at 23°C, and the temperature variation within 24 hours is controlled within 10°C. After 8 months of cultivation, lily flowering bulbs with a circumference of more than 14 cm are harvested.

[0086] Example 2

[0087] A method for rapidly and efficiently breeding lily bulbs, characterized in that lily buds are used as propagules, comprising the following steps:

[0088] Step 1: In early April, remove the scales of the 'Siberia' lily bulbs that have been broken from dormancy by low temperature, and obtain the germinated lily buds, leaving the taproot at the base of the lily buds;

[0089] The lily buds are buds obtained by removing scales from lily bulbs with a circumference of 16 cm;

[0090] The low temperature dormancy breaking method is to store the lily bulbs in a low temperature environment of 4°C for 60 days to break dormancy;

[0091] Step 2: Place the buds from step 1 flat in a well-ventilated room at 25°C for 2 days to allow the surface moisture of the buds to dry without shrinking, and the scales in the middle and upper parts of the buds to maintain sufficient moisture content;

[0092] Step 3: placing the lily buds in step 2 into a 600-fold indoleacetic acid solution, immersing 1 / 2 of the lily buds in the solution, and soaking for 12 hours to promote rooting; the indoleacetic acid solution is prepared by dissolving 5% indoleacetic acid soluble powder in water;

[0093] Step 4: Take out the lily buds from step 3, drain the water, put them into a disinfectant, and immerse the entire buds in the disinfectant for 30 minutes; the disinfectant is a mixed solution prepared by using 1000 times of methomyl and 800 times of pyrimethanil in a volume ratio of 1:1;

[0094] Step 5: Plant the lily buds from step 4 into the cultivation medium of the greenhouse within 24 hours, and the buds are 17 cm long, with the tip of the bud 2 cm exposed on the surface of the medium;

[0095] Step 6: After planting, water the substrate until it is saturated. Do not water or fertilize for the next 7 days to promote the rooting and germination of the plant's stems. After 7 days to 3 months, apply the following Formula 1 fertilizer once every 3 days;

[0096] Ammonium nitrate 0.18 kg / mu

[0097] Potassium nitrate 0.10 kg / mu

[0098] Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.28 kg / mu

[0099] Magnesium sulfate 0.19 kg / mu

[0100] Potassium sulfate 0.10 kg / mu

[0101] Calcium nitrate 0.12 kg / mu

[0102] Ferric citrate 1.0 g / mu

[0103] Boric acid 0.4 g / mu

[0104] Copper sulfate 1.7 g / mu

[0105] Zinc sulfate 1.7 g / mu

[0106] Ammonium molybdate 0.5 g / mu;

[0107] After the lily buds have grown for 3 months, apply the following No. 2 formula fertilizer once every 2 days:

[0108] Ammonium nitrate 0.16 kg / mu

[0109] Potassium nitrate 0.12 kg / mu

[0110] Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.28 kg / mu

[0111] Magnesium sulfate 0.19 kg / mu

[0112] Potassium sulfate 0.15 kg / mu

[0113] Calcium nitrate 0.15 kg / mu

[0114] Ferric citrate 2.0 g / mu

[0115] Boric acid 0.4 g / mu

[0116] Copper sulfate 1.7 g / mu

[0117] Zinc sulfate 1.7 g / mu

[0118] Ammonium molybdate 0.5 g / mu;

[0119] Step 7: During the entire cultivation process of the lily buds in steps 5 and 6, the air temperature in the greenhouse needs to be controlled as follows: the lowest temperature at night is controlled at 22°C, the daytime temperature is controlled at 25°C, and the temperature variation within 24 hours is controlled within 10°C. After 7 months of cultivation, lily flowering bulbs with a circumference of more than 14 cm are harvested.

[0120] Example 3

[0121] A method for rapidly and efficiently breeding lily bulbs, characterized in that lily buds are used as propagules, comprising the following steps:

[0122] Step 1: In mid-March, remove the scales of the 'Siberia' lily bulbs that have been broken from dormancy by low temperature, and obtain the germinated lily buds, leaving the taproot at the base of the lily buds;

[0123] The lily buds are buds obtained by removing scales from lily bulbs with a circumference of 16 cm;

[0124] The low temperature dormancy breaking method is to store the lily bulbs in a low temperature environment of 2°C for 70 days to break dormancy;

[0125] Step 2: Place the buds from step 1 flat in a well-ventilated room at 20°C for 3 days to allow the surface moisture of the buds to dry without shrinking, and the scales in the middle and upper parts of the buds to maintain sufficient moisture;

[0126] Step 3: placing the lily buds in step 2 into a 400-fold indoleacetic acid solution, immersing 1 / 2 of the lily buds in the solution, and soaking for 11 hours to promote rooting; the indoleacetic acid solution is prepared by dissolving 5% indoleacetic acid soluble powder in water;

[0127] Step 4: Take out the lily buds from step 3, drain the water, put them into a disinfectant, and immerse the entire buds in the disinfectant for 25 minutes; the disinfectant is a mixed solution prepared by using 1000 times of methomyl and 800 times of pyrimethanil in a volume ratio of 1:1;

[0128] Step 5: Plant the lily buds from step 4 into the substrate in the greenhouse within 24 hours, with the buds being 20 cm long and the tip of the buds being 5 cm above the substrate;

[0129] Step 6: After planting, water the substrate until it is saturated. Do not water or fertilize for the next 5 to 7 days to promote the rooting of the plant stems. After 7 days to 3 months, apply the following No. 1 formula fertilizer once every 3 days;

[0130] Ammonium nitrate 0.18 kg / mu

[0131] Potassium nitrate 0.10 kg / mu

[0132] Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.28 kg / mu

[0133] Magnesium sulfate 0.19 kg / mu

[0134] Potassium sulfate 0.10 kg / mu

[0135] Calcium nitrate 0.12 kg / mu

[0136] Ferric citrate 1.0 g / mu

[0137] Boric acid 0.4 g / mu

[0138] Copper sulfate 1.7 g / mu

[0139] Zinc sulfate 1.7 g / mu

[0140] Ammonium molybdate 0.5 g / mu;

[0141] After the lily buds have grown for 3 months, apply the following No. 2 formula fertilizer once every 2 days:

[0142] Ammonium nitrate 0.16 kg / mu

[0143] Potassium nitrate 0.12 kg / mu

[0144] Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.28 kg / mu

[0145] Magnesium sulfate 0.19 kg / mu

[0146] Potassium sulfate 0.15 kg / mu

[0147] Calcium nitrate 0.15 kg / mu

[0148] Ferric citrate 2.0 g / mu

[0149] Boric acid 0.4 g / mu

[0150] Copper sulfate 1.7 g / mu

[0151] Zinc sulfate 1.7 g / mu

[0152] Ammonium molybdate 0.5 g / mu;

[0153] Step 7: During the entire cultivation process of the lily buds in steps 5 and 6, the air temperature in the greenhouse needs to be controlled as follows: the lowest temperature at night is controlled at 19°C, the daytime temperature is controlled at 25°C, and the temperature variation within 24 hours is controlled within 10°C. After 7 months and 6 days of cultivation, lily flowering bulbs with a circumference of more than 14 cm are harvested.

[0154] Example 4

[0155] A method for rapidly and efficiently breeding lily bulbs, characterized in that lily buds are used as propagules, comprising the following steps:

[0156] Step 1: In early April, remove the scales of the 'Pallazo' lily bulbs that have been broken from dormancy by low temperature, and obtain the germinated lily buds, leaving the taproot at the base of the lily buds;

[0157] The lily buds are buds obtained by removing scales from lily bulbs with a circumference of 16 cm;

[0158] The low temperature dormancy breaking method is to store the lily bulbs in a low temperature environment of 0°C for 80 days to break dormancy;

[0159] Step 2: Place the buds from step 1 flat in a well-ventilated room at 18°C ​​for 3 days to allow the surface moisture of the buds to dry without shrinking, and the scales in the middle and upper parts of the buds to maintain sufficient moisture;

[0160] Step 3: placing the lily buds in step 2 into a 500-fold indoleacetic acid solution, immersing 1 / 2 of the lily buds in the solution, and soaking for 11 hours to promote rooting; the indoleacetic acid solution is prepared by dissolving 5% indoleacetic acid soluble powder in water;

[0161] Step 4: Take out the lily buds from step 3, drain the water, put them into a disinfectant, and immerse the entire buds in the disinfectant for 28 minutes; the disinfectant is a mixed solution prepared by using 1000 times of methomyl and 800 times of pyrimethanil in a volume ratio of 1:1;

[0162] Step 5: Plant the lily buds from step 4 into the soil of the greenhouse within 24 hours, and the buds are 15 cm long and completely buried in the soil;

[0163] Step 6: After planting, water the soil until it is saturated. Do not water or fertilize for the next 5 days to promote the rooting and germination of the plant's stems. After 7 days to 3 months, apply the following No. 1 formula fertilizer once every 3 days;

[0164] Ammonium nitrate 0.18 kg / mu

[0165] Potassium nitrate 0.10 kg / mu

[0166] Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.28 kg / mu

[0167] Magnesium sulfate 0.19 kg / mu

[0168] Potassium sulfate 0.10 kg / mu

[0169] Calcium nitrate 0.12 kg / mu

[0170] Ferric citrate 1.0 g / mu

[0171] Boric acid 0.4 g / mu

[0172] Copper sulfate 1.7 g / mu

[0173] Zinc sulfate 1.7 g / mu

[0174] Ammonium molybdate 0.5 g / mu;

[0175] After the lily buds have grown for 3 months, apply the following No. 2 formula fertilizer once every 2 days:

[0176] Ammonium nitrate 0.16 kg / mu

[0177] Potassium nitrate 0.12 kg / mu

[0178] Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.28 kg / mu

[0179] Magnesium sulfate 0.19 kg / mu

[0180] Potassium sulfate 0.15 kg / mu

[0181] Calcium nitrate 0.15 kg / mu

[0182] Ferric citrate 2.0 g / mu

[0183] Boric acid 0.4 g / mu

[0184] Copper sulfate 1.7 g / mu

[0185] Zinc sulfate 1.7 g / mu

[0186] Ammonium molybdate 0.5 g / mu;

[0187] Step 7: During the entire cultivation process of the lily buds in steps 5 and 6, the air temperature in the greenhouse needs to be controlled as follows: the lowest temperature at night is controlled at 16°C, the daytime temperature is controlled at 24°C, and the temperature variation within 24 hours is controlled within 10°C. After 7 months and 21 days of cultivation, lily flowering bulbs with a circumference of more than 14 cm are harvested.

[0188] Example 5

[0189] A method for rapidly and efficiently breeding lily bulbs, characterized in that lily buds are used as propagules, comprising the following steps:

[0190] Step 1: In late March, remove the scales from the 'Pallazo' lily bulbs that have been broken from dormancy by low temperature, and obtain the germinated lily buds, leaving the taproot at the base of the lily buds;

[0191] The lily buds are buds obtained by removing scales from lily bulbs with a circumference of 18 cm;

[0192] The low temperature dormancy breaking method is to store the lily bulbs in a low temperature environment of 4°C for 45 days to break the dormancy;

[0193] Step 2: Place the buds from step 1 flat in a well-ventilated room at 21°C for 3 days to allow the surface moisture of the buds to dry without shrinking, and the scales in the middle and upper parts of the buds to maintain sufficient moisture;

[0194] Step 3: placing the lily buds in step 2 into a 350-fold indoleacetic acid solution, immersing 1 / 2 of the lily buds in the solution, and soaking for 10 hours to promote rooting; the indoleacetic acid solution is prepared by dissolving 5% indoleacetic acid soluble powder in water;

[0195] Step 4: Take out the lily buds from step 3, drain the water, put them into a disinfectant, and immerse the entire buds in the disinfectant for 22 minutes; the disinfectant is a mixed solution prepared by using 1000 times of methomyl and 800 times of pyrimethanil in a volume ratio of 1:1;

[0196] Step 5: Plant the lily buds from step 4 into the cultivation medium of the greenhouse within 24 hours, with the buds being 17 cm long and the tip of the buds being 2 cm above the medium;

[0197] Step 6: After planting, water the substrate until it is saturated. Do not water or fertilize for the next 6 days to promote the rooting and germination of the plant's stems. After 7 days to 3 months, apply the following Formula 1 fertilizer once every 3 days;

[0198] Ammonium nitrate 0.18 kg / mu

[0199] Potassium nitrate 0.10 kg / mu

[0200] Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.28 kg / mu

[0201] Magnesium sulfate 0.19 kg / mu

[0202] Potassium sulfate 0.10 kg / mu

[0203] Calcium nitrate 0.12 kg / mu

[0204] Ferric citrate 1.0 g / mu

[0205] Boric acid 0.4 g / mu

[0206] Copper sulfate 1.7 g / mu

[0207] Zinc sulfate 1.7 g / mu

[0208] Ammonium molybdate 0.5 g / mu;

[0209] After the lily buds have grown for 3 months, apply the following No. 2 formula fertilizer once every 2 days:

[0210] Ammonium nitrate 0.16 kg / mu

[0211] Potassium nitrate 0.12 kg / mu

[0212] Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.28 kg / mu

[0213] Magnesium sulfate 0.19 kg / mu

[0214] Potassium sulfate 0.15 kg / mu

[0215] Calcium nitrate 0.15 kg / mu

[0216] Ferric citrate 2.0 g / mu

[0217] Boric acid 0.4 g / mu

[0218] Copper sulfate 1.7 g / mu

[0219] Zinc sulfate 1.7 g / mu

[0220] Ammonium molybdate 0.5 g / mu;

[0221] Step 7: During the entire cultivation process of the lily buds in steps 5 and 6, the air temperature in the greenhouse needs to be controlled as follows: the lowest temperature at night is controlled at 17°C, the daytime temperature is controlled at 25°C, and the temperature variation within 24 hours is controlled within 10°C. After 7 months and 15 days of cultivation, lily flowering bulbs with a circumference of more than 14 cm are harvested.

[0222] Example 6

[0223] A method for rapidly and efficiently breeding lily bulbs, characterized in that lily buds are used as propagules, comprising the following steps:

[0224] Step 1: In early April, remove the scales of the 'Pallazo' lily bulbs that have been broken from dormancy by low temperature, and obtain the germinated lily buds, leaving the taproot at the base of the lily buds;

[0225] The lily buds are buds obtained by removing scales from lily bulbs with a circumference of 18 cm;

[0226] The low temperature dormancy breaking method is to store the lily bulbs in a low temperature environment of 3°C for 68 days to break dormancy;

[0227] Step 2: Place the buds from step 1 flat in a well-ventilated room at 22°C for 2 days to allow the surface moisture of the buds to dry without shrinking, and the scales in the middle and upper parts of the buds to maintain sufficient moisture content;

[0228] Step 3: placing the lily buds in step 2 into a 450-fold indoleacetic acid solution, immersing 1 / 2 of the lily buds in the solution, and soaking for 11 hours to promote rooting; the indoleacetic acid solution is prepared by dissolving 5% indoleacetic acid soluble powder in water;

[0229] Step 4: Take out the lily buds from step 3, drain the water, put them into a disinfectant, and immerse the entire buds in the disinfectant for 26 minutes; the disinfectant is a mixed solution prepared by using 1000 times of methomyl and 800 times of pyrimethanil in a volume ratio of 1:1;

[0230] Step 5: Plant the lily buds from step 4 into the soil of the greenhouse within 24 hours, with the buds being 18 cm long and the tip of the buds being 3 cm above the soil;

[0231] Step 6: After planting, water the soil until it is saturated. Do not water or fertilize for the next 7 days to promote the rooting and germination of the plant's stems. After 7 days to 3 months, apply the following No. 1 formula fertilizer once every 3 days;

[0232] Ammonium nitrate 0.18 kg / mu

[0233] Potassium nitrate 0.10 kg / mu

[0234] Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.28 kg / mu

[0235] Magnesium sulfate 0.19 kg / mu

[0236] Potassium sulfate 0.10 kg / mu

[0237] Calcium nitrate 0.12 kg / mu

[0238] Ferric citrate 1.0 g / mu

[0239] Boric acid 0.4 g / mu

[0240] Copper sulfate 1.7 g / mu

[0241] Zinc sulfate 1.7 g / mu

[0242] Ammonium molybdate 0.5 g / mu;

[0243] After the lily buds have grown for 3 months, apply the following No. 2 formula fertilizer once every 2 days:

[0244] Ammonium nitrate 0.16 kg / mu

[0245] Potassium nitrate 0.12 kg / mu

[0246] Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.28 kg / mu

[0247] Magnesium sulfate 0.19 kg / mu

[0248] Potassium sulfate 0.15 kg / mu

[0249] Calcium nitrate 0.15 kg / mu

[0250] Ferric citrate 2.0 g / mu

[0251] Boric acid 0.4 g / mu

[0252] Copper sulfate 1.7 g / mu

[0253] Zinc sulfate 1.7 g / mu

[0254] Ammonium molybdate 0.5 g / mu;

[0255] Step 7: During the entire cultivation process of the lily buds in steps 5 and 6, the air temperature in the greenhouse needs to be controlled as follows: the lowest temperature at night is controlled at 20°C, the daytime temperature is controlled at 28°C, and the temperature variation within 24 hours is controlled within 10°C. After 7 months of cultivation, lily flowering bulbs with a circumference of more than 14 cm are harvested.

[0256] The present invention is described below through specific experiments.

[0257] 1. Comparison of the effects of using inbutaneacetic acid: Inbutaneacetic acid has the activity of stimulating plant cells, which can promote cell division and expansion, promote root differentiation, accelerate root growth and development, and is conducive to the formation of multiple and strong plant root groups. Whether a lily plant is strong depends on the number and quality of stem roots. The more and thicker the stem roots are, the stronger the plant is, and the higher the grade of the flower branches. Although the bud is the remaining part after the lily scales are peeled off, because the bud itself carries the growth point, it has the ability to become a complete plant again. After the bud is treated with inbutaneacetic acid, the stem root cells on the stem surface at the base of the bud are rapidly activated, and then the root tip tissue sprouts. As can be seen from Table 1, the treatment method of the present invention has a good regulatory effect on the germination time and number of stem roots of the lily variety 'Palazzo'. Compared with the untreated lily buds, the inbuteneacetic acid treatment can advance the germination time of the stem roots by more than 12 days, and the number of stem roots is more than 50% more than that of the untreated buds, which significantly promotes the growth of the bud plants and the size of the bulbs, and shortens the cultivation period of the bulbs.

[0258] Table 1 Comparison of the effect of using indoleacetic acid in the present invention with the blank control

[0259]

[0260] 2. Comparison of the effects of facility cultivation and field planting: Facility cultivation and field cultivation provide different environmental factors for crops. The air temperature and humidity conditions in the facility environment are stable, and the moisture conditions of the cultivation substrate or soil are also relatively stable. The environmental factors in the field are directly determined by natural weather conditions, with a large temperature difference between day and night, and the soil moisture content is difficult to control, especially when there is too much rainfall, which is not conducive to the growth of lily bulbs. In order to compare the effects of facility cultivation and field planting on the cultivation of bulbs from bud plants, experiments were conducted on buds of 'Siberia' bulbs with a size of 14-16cm under the same fertilizer and water conditions. The results showed that the two cultivation environments had a great influence on the cultivation time and size of bud bulbs and the flowering bulb formation rate of bulbs. Facility cultivation can produce flowering bulbs with a circumference of 14cm or more within 7-8 months, and the bulb success rate can reach 100%. However, the cultivation time of bulbs cultivated in field is about 2 months longer than that in facility cultivation, and it consumes more manpower and material resources. Moreover, the specifications of bud bulbs are less consistent, with circumferences ranging from 6cm to 12cm. The number of bulbs that can reach a circumference of 12cm only accounts for 67% of the total number of bulbs. The remaining bulbs are smaller and cannot reach the level of flowering. This shows that facility cultivation for breeding lily bud bulbs has extremely obvious application advantages.

[0261] Table 2 Comparison of the effects of facility cultivation and field planting

[0262]

[0263] Note: The bulb diameter must be more than 12cm (can bloom) as the standard for bulb formation

[0264] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for rapidly and efficiently breeding lily bulbs using buds, characterized in that The method uses lily buds as propagules, and includes the following steps: Step 1) removing scales to obtain lily buds. From late February to early April, remove scales from lily bulbs that have been subjected to low-temperature dormancy breaking to obtain germinated lily buds, leaving a taproot at the base of the lily buds. Step 2) Dehydrating the surface of the lily bud stems: the buds from step 1) are placed flat in a well-ventilated room at 18-25°C for 2-3 days, so that the surface moisture of the buds is dried without shrinking, and the scales in the middle and upper parts of the buds maintain sufficient moisture; Step 3) treating the lily buds with a plant growth agent to promote root growth, placing the lily buds from step 2) in a 300-600 times indoleacetic acid solution, immersing 1 / 2 of the lily buds in the solution, and soaking for 10-12 hours to promote root growth; the indoleacetic acid solution is prepared by dissolving a 5% indoleacetic acid soluble powder in water; Step 4) Disinfection of lily buds: take out the lily buds from step 3), drain the water, put them into a disinfectant, and immerse the entire buds in the disinfectant for 20 to 30 minutes; the disinfectant is a mixed solution prepared by using 1000 times of methomyl and 800 times of pyrimethanil in a volume ratio of 1:1; Step 5) Planting and cultivating the lily buds in a greenhouse or shed: planting the lily buds from step 4) in a substrate or soil in a greenhouse or shed within 24 hours, and when the bud length is less than or equal to 15 cm, burying them all in the substrate or soil; when the bud length is greater than 15 cm, allowing the bud tip to be exposed from the surface of the substrate or soil; Step 6) Fertilize the lily buds with formula: After planting, water the soil or substrate until it is saturated, and then stop watering for 5 to 7 days to promote the rooting and germination of the plant's stems; after 7 days to 3 months, apply Formula 1 fertilizer, and after 3 months, apply Formula 2 fertilizer; Described No. 1 formula fertilizer is as follows: Ammonium nitrate 0.18 kg / mu Potassium nitrate 0.10 kg / mu Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.28 kg / mu Magnesium sulfate 0.19 kg / mu Potassium sulfate 0.10 kg / mu Calcium nitrate 0.12 kg / mu Ferric citrate 1.0 g / mu Boric acid 0.4 g / mu Copper sulfate 1.7 g / mu Zinc sulfate 1.7 g / mu Ammonium molybdate 0.5 g / mu Apply the above formula fertilizer No. 1 once every 3 days for 3 consecutive months; Described No. 2 formula fertilizer is as follows: Ammonium nitrate 0.16 kg / mu Potassium nitrate 0.12 kg / mu Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.28 kg / mu Magnesium sulfate 0.19 kg / mu Potassium sulfate 0.15 kg / mu Calcium nitrate 0.15 kg / mu Ferric citrate 2.0 g / mu Boric acid 0.4 g / mu Copper sulfate 1.7 g / mu Zinc sulfate 1.7 g / mu Ammonium molybdate 0.5 g / mu After the lily buds have grown for 3 months, apply the above formula fertilizer No. 2 once every 2 days until the circumference reaches more than 14 cm; Step 7) Control of the lily bud cultivation environment. During the entire cultivation process of the lily buds in steps 5) and 6), the air temperature in the greenhouse or shed needs to be controlled as follows: the lowest temperature at night is controlled above 13°C, the daytime temperature is controlled below 28°C, and the temperature variation within 24 hours is controlled within 10°C. After 7 to 8 months of cultivation, lily flowering bulbs with a circumference of more than 14 cm are harvested.

2. The method for rapidly and efficiently breeding lily bulbs using buds as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The lily buds in step 1) are buds obtained by removing scales from lily bulbs with a circumference of 14 cm or more.

3. The method for rapidly and efficiently breeding lily bulbs using buds as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The low-temperature dormancy breaking in step 1) is to store the lily bulbs in a low-temperature environment of 0 to 4°C for 30 to 90 days to break dormancy.

Images