Preparation method of simulated counter-position travertine ceramic tile and pore-forming material polyacrylamide

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of simulated counter-position travertine ceramic tiles and pore-forming material polyacrylamide. The preparation method of pore-forming material polyacrylamide comprises: ① adding sucrose fatty acid ester and sucrose fatty acid ester with HLB value of 3 into cyclohexane, heating until dissolved, obtaining cyclohexane melt, wherein the sucrose fatty acid ester is added in an amount of 3.83% and the fatty acid ester is added in an amount of 3.33%; ② under nitrogen atmosphere, adding acrylamide and potassium sulfate solution, sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate into the cyclohexane melt, wherein the adding amount is 66.7%, 2.6% and 0.6% of the cyclohexane melt respectively, and the acrylamide and potassium sulfate solution is prepared by mixing acrylamide, potassium sulfate and water in a ratio of 32.15%, 0.17% and 67.68%; ③ under nitrogen atmosphere, stirring at a speed of 500 rpm for 30 minutes, maintaining the temperature between 40 and 70°C for 2 hours, and maintaining the temperature at 75°C for 1 hour to obtain a polyacrylamide melt; ④ titrating an ethanol aqueous solution into the polyacrylamide melt, and obtaining the porous crystal material polyacrylamide after drying and screening.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ceramic tiles, and in particular relates to a preparation method of a simulated counter-positioned travertine ceramic tile and a pore-forming material polyacrylamide. Background Art

[0002] Travertine is a porous natural rock with many irregular holes inside and on its surface, which can make the decorated buildings present an ancient sense of history and culture, and is often used for surface decoration of buildings. However, due to the low bending strength of natural travertine, the holes on the surface are easy to hide dirt and are difficult to clean, which seriously restricts the application scenarios of travertine. In view of this, ceramic companies in the industry have developed a variety of travertine tiles with natural travertine artistic decoration effects and good physical and chemical properties through technical research to meet market demand.

[0003] Invention patent CN110981196A discloses a porous thick glaze, travertine fully glazed porcelain tile and its preparation method. Its technical scheme is to first apply a surface glaze, inkjet print and protective glaze on the porcelain tile body, and then apply a porous thick glaze on the body surface, and finally obtain the travertine fully glazed porcelain tile by drying, firing and polishing the body. The fully glazed porcelain tile forms holes by decomposing the foaming material in the porous thick glaze at a temperature higher than the initial melting temperature of the glaze and lower than the firing temperature, so as to achieve a glazed effect similar to travertine on the surface. Although the invention can form holes of different sizes on the surface of the porcelain tile, the temperature required for the decomposition of the foaming material is relatively high, and the temperature control requirements are relatively strict. In addition, the porous thick glaze has a certain thickness, which affects the clarity of the pattern obtained by inkjet printing and thus affects the overall decorative effect of the porcelain tile.

[0004] Invention patent CN114804845A discloses a ceramic tile with a travertine structure and a preparation method thereof, wherein the process method comprises the following steps: first preparing a surface material and a base material, and ball-milling them separately; storing the slurry obtained by ball-milling in a silo for homogenization and aging; spray-drying the slurry to form a granular powder; a spreading device mixes organic particles into the surface material powder, and the granular powder is spread on the base material and the surface material through a spreading device, and is pressed by a brick press to form a ceramic tile body; the formed body is put into a kiln for drying; the obtained body is polished, and then a base glaze, inkjet printing and a surface glaze are sequentially sprayed on the surface of the body; the surface-modified body is blown off dust and then put into a kiln for firing to obtain a ceramic tile with a travertine structure. Although this method does not require high-temperature foaming to form holes, the process is relatively stable and the production is relatively convenient, but the disadvantage is that in the process of producing travertine tiles, the holes on the brick blank are randomly distributed, which cannot correspond well to the inkjet pattern on the surface of the brick blank. At the same time, the decorative effect of the holes on the brick surface is single and rigid, and it is difficult to effectively restore the hole effect of natural travertine. In addition, organic particles are mixed into the surface powder, and there are holes on the surface and back of the tile, which reduces the flexural strength of the tile, which is not conducive to the promotion and application of travertine tiles. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a simulated counter-positioned travertine ceramic tile that can be positioned and decorated on the surface of a brick blank by a pore-forming material, without high-temperature pore-forming, and can form a rich geometric hole structure and a surface inkjet pattern that corresponds to the texture after baking and drying, and has good physical and chemical properties and a realistic decorative effect. Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a simulated counter-positioned travertine ceramic tile pore-forming material polyacrylamide that has uniform particle size, good sphericity, fluidity and thermal stability, and is not easy to form agglomerates during use.

[0006] The first technical solution of the present invention is the preparation method of the simulated alignment travertine ceramic tile, which is special in that it includes the following steps:

[0007] (1) Using a flat mold to press the powder and dry it to obtain a ceramic flat body;

[0008] (2) The first inkjet printer prints glue patterns on the surface of the brick to form a glue pattern layer. The glue printing amount is 50-90g / m 2 ;

[0009] (3) The pattern identification system installed behind the first inkjet printer digitally marks the side of the brick blank so that the design pattern can be extracted according to the digital number during the subsequent glue and pattern printing decoration to ensure that the travertine texture and the decorative pattern are accurately aligned and matched;

[0010] (4) The material placing machine evenly spreads a layer of porous material on the surface of the brick sprayed with glue pattern, and the thickness of the porous material layer is controlled to be 0.1-0.3mm;

[0011] ⑸ The pattern recognition system in front of the second inkjet printer identifies the digital number on the side of the brick and feeds back the signal to the second inkjet printer. The second inkjet printer extracts the glue printing pattern and performs secondary glue printing on the brick with the porous material to ensure that the porous material is effectively fixed. The glue printing amount is 30-60g / m 2 ;

[0012] (6) Place the brick blank after the secondary glue spraying at a temperature of 100-120°C to dry and solidify the pore-forming material layer on the surface of the brick blank, and use a negative pressure exhaust fan device to suck and recover the pore-forming material that is not fixed by the glue to form a pore-forming material layer with a texture pattern;

[0013] ⑺ Apply makeup soil on the brick by glazing to form a makeup soil layer with a thickness of 0.2 to 0.5 mm;

[0014] ⑻ Place the glazed cosmetic soil bricks at a temperature of 200-300℃ for baking, the pore-forming materials melt under high temperature conditions, and form open and closed holes in the cosmetic soil layer;

[0015] ⑼ Use a polishing machine to perform polishing treatment, and polish away the R angle formed by the holes formed by the high temperature reaction of the hole-forming material on the makeup soil layer. The range of the R angle after polishing is controlled to be 0-2.0mm, and the closed holes are polished into open holes. The thickness of the makeup soil layer is controlled to be 0.1-0.3mm, and a brick with a hole pattern texture is obtained;

[0016] ⑽ Spraying cosmetic soil / not spraying decorative glaze. Whether to spray cosmetic soil after polishing depends on the product effect. The spraying of cosmetic soil is carried out by high-pressure spraying glaze to obtain a cosmetic soil surface with good flatness after polishing. The amount of cosmetic soil spraying glaze is 120-150g / m 2 , specific gravity is 1.45±0.02;

[0017] ⑾The pattern recognition system installed in front of the third inkjet printer identifies the digital number on the side of the brick blank and feeds back the signal to the third inkjet printer. The third inkjet printer selects the corresponding pattern decoration file for multi-channel digital decoration printing. The hole pattern on the surface of the brick blank matches the decoration pattern to form a simulated travertine texture effect;

[0018] ⑿ Spray / shower / digital spray transparent glaze or no transparent glaze decoration;

[0019] ⒀The bricks that have completed all the decorative steps are sent to the roller kiln for firing. After leaving the kiln, they are edged or polished to obtain travertine ceramic tile products.

[0020] Preferably, the step (4) further comprises: the pore-forming material component is one or more of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyacrylamide, inositol, sorbitol, and xylitol;

[0021] The particle grading of the pore-forming material is controlled such that the proportion of particles with a diameter > 550um is 0-0.5%, the proportion of particles with a diameter < 180um is 0-5.0%, the proportion of particles with a diameter > 380um > 180um is 30-40%, and the proportion of particles with a diameter > 550um > 380um is 40-50%.

[0022] The second technical solution of the present invention is a method for preparing the pore-forming material polyacrylamide, which is special in that it comprises the following steps:

[0023] (1) Adding sucrose fatty acid ester and sucrose fatty acid ester with an HLB value of 3 to cyclohexane, and heating them until dissolved to obtain a cyclohexane melt, wherein the sucrose fatty acid ester is added in an amount of 3.83% by mass, and the fatty acid ester is added in an amount of 3.33% by mass;

[0024] (2) Under nitrogen atmosphere, adding acrylamide and potassium sulfate solution, sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate to the cyclohexane melt, the addition ratios being 66.7%, 2.6% and 0.6% of the cyclohexane melt respectively by mass percentage, and the acrylamide and potassium sulfate solution is prepared by mixing acrylamide, potassium sulfate and water in a ratio of 32.15%:0.17%:67.68%;

[0025] ⑶ Under nitrogen atmosphere, stir at 500 rpm for 30 minutes, then keep the temperature between 40-70° C. for 2 hours, and keep at 75° C. for 1 hour to obtain a polyacrylamide solution;

[0026] (4) Titrate the ethanol aqueous solution into the polyacrylamide solution, and obtain the porous crystal material polyacrylamide after drying and screening; the ethanol aqueous solution is prepared by mixing ethanol and circulating water in a ratio of 1:5.

[0027] Preferably, the particle grading of the pore-forming material is controlled as follows: the proportion of particles with a diameter > 550um is 0.3%, the proportion of particles with a diameter < 180um is 3.2%, the proportion of particles with a diameter > 380um > 180um is 35%, and the proportion of particles with a diameter > 550um > 380um is 45%.

[0028] The third technical solution of the present invention is a method for preparing the pore-forming material polyvinyl pyrrolidone, which is special in that it comprises the following steps:

[0029] ⑴ Prepare a 1:1 aqueous solution of N-vinyl pyrrolidone and water, add a small amount of hydrogen peroxide and azobisisobutyronitrile catalyst, and perform polymerization at a temperature of 50°C to obtain a polymer mixed solution;

[0030] (2) Adding ammonia water to the polymer mixed solution to decompose the residual azobisisobutyronitrile to obtain a polyvinyl pyrrolidone solution with a solid content of 50%, and drying, crushing and screening the solution to obtain a porous crystalline material polyvinyl pyrrolidone.

[0031] Preferably, the particle grading of the pore-forming material is controlled as follows: the proportion of particles with a diameter > 550um is 0.2%, the proportion of particles with a diameter < 180um is 2.8%, the proportion of particles with a diameter > 380um > 180um is 33%, and the proportion of particles with a diameter > 550um > 380um is 47%.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] ⑴ The present invention proposes a preparation method of simulated travertine ceramic tiles, in which a pore-forming material is applied to the surface of the brick blank at a fixed point through a glue positioning decoration process to form a hole structure of a geometric shape, and an inkjet pattern decoration is performed by automatically identifying a pattern recognition system to achieve precise alignment and matching of the hole texture pattern with the surface inkjet decoration pattern, thereby greatly enriching the decorative performance of the simulated travertine and perfectly presenting the texture effect of natural travertine.

[0034] (2) The present invention utilizes pore-forming materials with a boiling point of less than 300°C to form holes with a good skeleton sense in the brick blank under low temperature conditions, thereby avoiding the situation where the survival rate of the finished ceramic product is reduced due to the unstable performance of the pore-forming material under high temperature conditions. At the same time, the pore-forming material only forms a pore structure in the surface layer of the makeup soil of the brick blank, so that the travertine product has a higher finished product strength, which helps to expand the application scenarios of travertine ceramic tiles.

[0035] ⑶ The polyacrylamide powder particles prepared by the present invention have the advantages of uniform particle size, good sphericity, fluidity and thermal stability, and are not easy to form agglomerates during use. They are conducive to the uniform distribution of polyacrylamide powder pore-forming materials on the brick blank to form a pore structure, thereby improving the decorative effect of travertine ceramic tiles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the process flow of the method for preparing the simulated counter-positioned travertine ceramic tile. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0038] Example 1

[0039] See also Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the method for preparing a simulated travertine ceramic tile comprises the following steps:

[0040] (1) Use a flat mold to press the powder and dry it to obtain a ceramic flat body;

[0041] (2) The first inkjet printer prints glue patterns on the surface of the brick to form a glue pattern layer. The glue printing amount is 70g / m 2 ;

[0042] (3) The pattern identification system installed behind the first inkjet printer digitally marks the side of the brick blank so that the design pattern can be extracted according to the digital number during the subsequent glue and pattern printing decoration to ensure that the travertine texture and the decorative pattern are accurately aligned and matched;

[0043] (4) The material placing machine evenly spreads a layer of porous material on the surface of the brick sprayed with glue pattern, and the thickness of the porous material layer is controlled to be 0.2mm;

[0044] The component of the pore-forming material is sorbitol, and the preparation method is as follows: ① pouring a 50% glucose aqueous solution into a heating kettle with a stirrer, and continuously adding for 2 hours under the conditions of a temperature of 120-150° C., a hydrogen pressure of 7 MPa, a pH value of 6, and a nickel-containing catalyst dosage of 3%; ② separating the catalyst by sedimentation and filtering; ③ after ion exchange and activated carbon decolorization, vacuum evaporation is performed to obtain a 90% sorbitol aqueous solution; ④ adding methanol to the obtained sorbitol aqueous solution to precipitate sorbitol crystals, and drying and screening are performed to obtain the porous crystal material sorbitol.

[0045] The particle gradation of the pore-forming material is controlled as follows: the proportion of particles with a diameter > 550um is 0.3%, the proportion of particles with a diameter < 180um is 3.2%, the proportion of particles with a diameter > 380um > 180um is 35%, and the proportion of particles with a diameter > 550um > 380um is 45%.

[0046] ⑸ The pattern recognition system in front of the second inkjet printer identifies the digital number on the side of the brick and feeds back the signal to the second inkjet printer. The second inkjet printer extracts the glue printing pattern and performs secondary glue printing on the brick with the porous material to ensure that the porous material is effectively fixed. The glue printing amount is 45g / m 2 ;

[0047] (6) Place the brick blank after the secondary glue spraying at 120°C to dry and solidify the pore-forming material layer on the surface of the brick blank, and use a negative pressure exhaust fan device to suck and recover the pore-forming material that is not fixed by the glue to form a pore-forming material layer with a texture pattern;

[0048] ⑺ Apply makeup soil on the brick by glazing to form a makeup soil layer with a thickness of 0.35mm;

[0049] ⑻ Place the glazed cosmetic soil bricks at 300°C for baking, the sorbitol in the pore-forming material layer melts under high temperature conditions, and two types of holes, open and closed, are formed in the cosmetic soil layer;

[0050] ⑼ Use a polishing machine to perform polishing treatment, polish off the R angle formed by the holes formed by the high temperature reaction of the hole-forming material on the makeup soil layer, and control the R angle to 1.2mm after polishing, and polish the closed holes into open holes, and control the polishing thickness to 0.20mm to obtain a brick with a hole pattern texture;

[0051] ⑽ The cosmetic soil surface with good flatness after high-pressure spraying is polished and ground. The amount of cosmetic soil sprayed is 150g / m2, and the specific gravity is 1.46;

[0052] ⑾The pattern recognition system installed in front of the third inkjet printer identifies the digital number on the side of the brick blank and feeds back the signal to the third inkjet printer. The third inkjet printer selects the corresponding pattern decoration file for multi-channel digital decoration printing. The hole pattern on the surface of the brick blank matches the decoration pattern to form a simulated travertine texture effect;

[0053] ⑿ Apply transparent glaze for decoration;

[0054] ⒀The bricks that have completed all the decorative steps are sent to the roller kiln for firing. After leaving the kiln, they are polished and edge-ground to obtain travertine ceramic tile products with a polished effect.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] Another embodiment of the method for preparing the simulated alignment travertine ceramic tile comprises the following steps:

[0057] (1) Using a flat mold to press the powder and dry it to obtain a ceramic flat body;

[0058] (2) The first inkjet printer prints glue patterns on the surface of the brick to form a glue pattern layer. The glue printing amount is 90g / m 2 ;

[0059] (3) The pattern identification system installed behind the first inkjet printer digitally marks the side of the brick blank so that the design pattern can be extracted according to the digital number during the subsequent glue and pattern printing decoration to ensure that the travertine texture and the decorative pattern are accurately aligned and matched;

[0060] (4) The material placing machine evenly spreads a layer of porous material on the surface of the brick sprayed with glue pattern, and the thickness of the porous material layer is controlled to be 0.3mm;

[0061] The pore-forming material is composed of polyacrylamide, and the preparation method is as follows: ① adding sucrose fatty acid ester and sucrose fatty acid ester with an HLB value of 3 into cyclohexane, and heating them until dissolved to obtain a cyclohexane melt, wherein the sucrose fatty acid ester is added in an amount of 3.83% by mass, and the fatty acid ester is added in an amount of 3.33% by mass; ② under a nitrogen atmosphere, adding acrylamide and potassium sulfate solution, sodium hydroxide, and sodium carbonate into the cyclohexane melt, wherein the addition ratios are 6% and 7% by mass, respectively. 6.7%, 2.6%, 0.6%, the acrylamide and potassium sulfate solution is prepared by mixing acrylamide, potassium sulfate and water in a ratio of 32.15%: 0.17%: 67.68%; ③ Under nitrogen atmosphere, stir at 500 rpm for 30 minutes, then keep the temperature between 40-70°C for 2 hours, and keep the temperature at 75°C for 1 hour to obtain a polyacrylamide solution; ④ Titrate the ethanol aqueous solution into the polyacrylamide solution, and obtain the porous crystal material polyacrylamide after drying and screening. The ethanol aqueous solution is prepared by mixing ethanol and circulating water in a ratio of 1:5.

[0062] The particle grading control of the pore-forming material: the proportion of particles with diameter > 550um is 0.4%, the proportion of particles with diameter < 180um is 4.3%, the proportion of particles with diameter > 380um > 180um is 37%, and the proportion of particles with diameter > 550um > 380um is 43%.

[0063] ⑸ The pattern recognition system in front of the second inkjet printer identifies the digital number on the side of the brick and feeds the signal back to the second inkjet printer. The second inkjet printer extracts the glue printing pattern and performs secondary glue printing on the brick with the porous material to ensure that the porous material is effectively fixed. The glue printing amount is 60g / m 2 ;

[0064] (6) Place the brick blank after the secondary glue spraying at 120°C to dry and solidify the pore-forming material layer on the surface of the brick blank, and use a negative pressure exhaust fan device to suck and recover the pore-forming material that is not fixed by the glue to form a pore-forming material layer with a texture pattern;

[0065] ⑺ Apply makeup soil on the brick by glazing to form a makeup soil layer with a thickness of 0.40mm;

[0066] ⑻ Place the glazed cosmetic clay bricks at 250°C for baking, the polyacrylamide in the pore-forming material layer melts under high temperature conditions, and two types of holes, open and closed, are formed in the cosmetic clay layer;

[0067] ⑼ Use a polishing machine to perform polishing treatment, polish off the R angle formed by the holes formed by the high temperature reaction of the hole-forming material on the makeup soil layer, the R angle is controlled to be 2.0mm after polishing, and the closed holes are polished into open holes, the polishing thickness is controlled to be 0.20mm, and a brick with a hole pattern texture is obtained;

[0068] ⑽ The cosmetic soil surface with good flatness is obtained after high-pressure spraying of cosmetic soil, and the amount of cosmetic soil spraying glaze is 120g / m 2 , specific gravity is 1.43;

[0069] ⑾The pattern recognition system installed in front of the third inkjet printer identifies the digital number on the side of the brick blank and feeds back the signal to the third inkjet printer. The third inkjet printer selects the corresponding pattern decoration file for multi-channel digital decoration printing. The hole pattern on the surface of the brick blank matches the decoration pattern to form a simulated travertine texture effect;

[0070] ⑿Carry out digital spraying of transparent glaze decoration;

[0071] ⒀The bricks that have completed all the decorative steps are sent to the roller kiln for firing. After leaving the kiln, they are polished and edge-ground to obtain travertine ceramic tile products with a polished effect.

[0072] Example 3

[0073] Another embodiment of the method for preparing the simulated alignment travertine ceramic tile comprises the following steps:

[0074] (1) Using a flat mold to press the powder and dry it to obtain a ceramic flat body;

[0075] (2) The first inkjet printer prints glue patterns on the surface of the brick to form a glue pattern layer. The glue printing amount is 55g / m 2 ;

[0076] (3) The pattern identification system installed behind the first inkjet printer digitally marks the side of the brick blank so that the design pattern can be extracted according to the digital number during the subsequent glue and pattern printing decoration to ensure that the travertine texture and the decorative pattern are accurately aligned and matched;

[0077] (4) The material placing machine evenly spreads a layer of porous material on the surface of the brick sprayed with glue pattern, and the thickness of the porous material layer is controlled to be 0.2mm;

[0078] The component of the pore-forming material is polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and the preparation method is as follows: ① a 1:1 aqueous solution of N-vinyl pyrrolidone and water is added with a small amount of hydrogen peroxide and azobisisobutyronitrile catalyst, and a polymerization reaction is carried out at a temperature of 50° C. to obtain a polymer mixed solution; ② ammonia water is added to the polymer mixed solution to decompose the residual azobisisobutyronitrile to obtain a polyvinyl pyrrolidone solution with a solid content of 50%, and the porous crystal material polyvinyl pyrrolidone is obtained after drying, crushing and screening.

[0079] The particle gradation of the pore-forming material is controlled as follows: the proportion of particles with a diameter > 550 um is 0.2%, the proportion of particles with a diameter < 180 um is 2.8%, the proportion of particles with a diameter > 380 um > 180 um is 33%, and the proportion of particles with a diameter > 550 um > 380 um is 47%.

[0080] ⑸ The pattern recognition system in front of the second inkjet printer identifies the digital number on the side of the brick and feeds the signal back to the second inkjet printer. The second inkjet printer extracts the glue printing pattern and performs secondary glue printing on the brick with the porous material to ensure that the porous material is effectively fixed. The glue printing amount is 35g / m 2 ;

[0081] (6) Place the brick blank after the secondary glue spraying at 100°C to dry and solidify the pore-forming material layer on the surface of the brick blank, and use a negative pressure exhaust fan device to suck and recover the pore-forming material that is not fixed by the glue to form a pore-forming material layer with a texture pattern;

[0082] ⑺ Apply makeup soil on the brick by glazing to form a makeup soil layer with a thickness of 0.30mm;

[0083] ⑻ Place the glazed cosmetic clay bricks at 230°C for baking, the polyvinyl pyrrolidone in the pore-forming material layer melts under high temperature conditions, and two types of holes, open and closed, are formed in the cosmetic clay layer;

[0084] ⑼ Use a polishing machine to perform polishing treatment, polish off the R angle formed by the holes formed by the high temperature reaction of the hole-forming material on the makeup soil layer, and control the R angle to 1.5mm after polishing, and polish the closed holes into open holes, and control the polishing thickness to 0.15mm to obtain a brick with a hole pattern texture;

[0085] ⑽The pattern recognition system installed in front of the third inkjet printer identifies the digital number on the side of the brick blank and feeds back the signal to the third inkjet printer. The third inkjet printer selects the corresponding pattern decoration file for multi-channel digital decoration printing. The hole pattern on the surface of the brick blank matches the decoration pattern to form a simulated travertine texture effect;

[0086] ⑾Spray transparent glaze for decoration;

[0087] ⑿ The bricks that have completed all the decoration steps are sent to the roller kiln for firing. After leaving the kiln, the edges are ground to obtain matte-effect travertine ceramic brick products.

[0088] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a simulated travertine ceramic tile, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Use a flat mold to press the powder and dry it to obtain a ceramic flat body; (2) The first inkjet printer prints glue patterns on the surface of the brick to form a glue pattern layer. The glue printing amount is 50-90g / m 2 ; (3) The pattern identification system installed behind the first inkjet printer digitally marks the side of the brick blank so that the design pattern can be extracted according to the digital number during the subsequent glue and pattern printing decoration to ensure that the travertine texture and the decorative pattern are accurately aligned and matched; (4) A spreading machine evenly spreads a layer of pore-forming material on the surface of the brick sprayed with glue pattern, and the thickness of the pore-forming material layer is controlled to be 0.1-0.3 mm; the pore-forming material component is one or more of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyacrylamide, inositol, and xylitol; ⑸ The pattern recognition system in front of the second inkjet printer identifies the digital number on the side of the brick and feeds back the signal to the second inkjet printer. The second inkjet printer extracts the glue printing pattern and performs secondary glue printing on the brick with the porous material to ensure that the porous material is effectively fixed. The glue printing amount is 30-60g / m 2 ; (6) Place the brick blank after the secondary glue spraying at a temperature of 100-120°C to dry and solidify the pore-forming material layer on the surface of the brick blank, and use a negative pressure exhaust fan device to suck and recover the pore-forming material that is not fixed by the glue to form a pore-forming material layer with a texture pattern; ⑺ Apply makeup soil on the brick by glazing to form a makeup soil layer with a thickness of 0.2 to 0.5 mm; ⑻ Place the glazed cosmetic soil bricks at a temperature of 200-300℃ for baking, the pore-forming materials melt under high temperature conditions, and form open and closed holes in the cosmetic soil layer; ⑼ Use a polishing machine to perform polishing treatment, and polish off the R angle formed by the holes formed by the high temperature reaction of the hole-forming material on the makeup soil layer. The R angle range after polishing is controlled to be 0-2.0 mm, and the closed holes are polished into open holes. The thickness of the makeup soil layer is controlled to be 0.1-0.3 mm to obtain a brick with a hole pattern texture; ⑽ Spraying cosmetic soil / not spraying decorative glaze. Whether to spray cosmetic soil after polishing depends on the product effect. The spraying of cosmetic soil is carried out by high-pressure spraying glaze to obtain a cosmetic soil surface with good flatness after polishing. The amount of cosmetic soil spraying glaze is 120-150g / m 2 , specific gravity is 1.45±0.02; ⑾The pattern recognition system installed in front of the third inkjet printer identifies the digital number on the side of the brick blank and feeds back the signal to the third inkjet printer. The third inkjet printer selects the corresponding pattern decoration file for multi-channel digital decoration printing. The hole pattern on the surface of the brick blank matches the decoration pattern to form a simulated travertine texture effect; ⑿ Spray / shower / digital spray transparent glaze or no transparent glaze decoration; ⒀The bricks that have completed all the decorative steps are sent to the roller kiln for firing. After leaving the kiln, they are edged or polished to obtain travertine ceramic tile products.

2. The method for preparing the simulated alignment travertine ceramic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step (4) further comprises: The particle grading of the pore-forming material is controlled such that the proportion of particles with a diameter > 550um is 0-0.5%, the proportion of particles with a diameter < 180um is 0-5.0%, the proportion of particles with a diameter > 380um > 180um is 30-40%, and the proportion of particles with a diameter > 550um > 380um is 40-50%.

3. A method for preparing the polyacrylamide as a pore-forming material for simulated travertine ceramic tiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Adding sucrose fatty acid ester and sucrose fatty acid ester with an HLB value of 3 to cyclohexane, and heating them until dissolved to obtain a cyclohexane melt, wherein the sucrose fatty acid ester is added in an amount of 3.83% by mass, and the fatty acid ester is added in an amount of 3.33% by mass; (2) Under nitrogen atmosphere, adding acrylamide and potassium sulfate solution, sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate to the cyclohexane melt, the addition ratios being 66.7%, 2.6% and 0.6% of the cyclohexane melt respectively by mass percentage, and the acrylamide and potassium sulfate solution is prepared by mixing acrylamide, potassium sulfate and water in a ratio of 32.15%:0.17%:67.68%; ⑶ Under nitrogen atmosphere, stir at 500 rpm for 30 minutes, then keep the temperature between 40-70° C. for 2 hours, and keep at 75° C. for 1 hour to obtain a polyacrylamide solution; (4) Titrate the ethanol aqueous solution into the polyacrylamide solution, and obtain the porous crystal material polyacrylamide after drying and screening; the ethanol aqueous solution is prepared by mixing ethanol and circulating water in a ratio of 1:

5.

4. The method for preparing the pore-forming material polyacrylamide according to claim 3, characterized in that: The particle grading of the pore-forming material is controlled as follows: the proportion of particles with a diameter > 550um is 0.3%, the proportion of particles with a diameter < 180um is 3.2%, the proportion of particles with a diameter > 380um > 180um is 35%, and the proportion of particles with a diameter > 550um > 380um is 45%.

5. A method for preparing polyvinyl pyrrolidone, a pore-forming material for simulated travertine ceramic tiles according to claim 1, comprising the steps of: (1) A 1:1 aqueous solution of N-vinyl pyrrolidone and water is added with a small amount of hydrogen peroxide and azobisisobutyronitrile catalyst, and a polymerization reaction is carried out at a temperature of 50°C to obtain a polymer mixed solution; characterized in that: Also includes the steps: (2) Adding ammonia water to the polymer mixed solution to decompose the residual azobisisobutyronitrile to obtain a polyvinyl pyrrolidone solution with a solid content of 50%, and drying, crushing and screening the solution to obtain a porous crystalline material polyvinyl pyrrolidone.

6. The method for preparing the pore-forming material polyvinyl pyrrolidone according to claim 5, characterized in that: The particle grading of the pore-forming material is controlled as follows: the proportion of particles with a diameter > 550um is 0.2%, the proportion of particles with a diameter < 180um is 2.8%, the proportion of particles with a diameter > 380um > 180um is 33%, and the proportion of particles with a diameter > 550um > 380um is 47%.

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