Thermal management system and method for hydrogen storage tank

Abstract

The present invention provides a thermal management system and method for a hydrogen storage tank, comprising: a precooling module, for performing a precooling operation on the hydrogen storage tank based on a circulating refrigeration method when the hydrogen storage tank is filled with hydrogen, and recovering the heat absorbed during the precooling operation to a heat source recovery system; a heating module, for generating a heating plan based on a heating conversion coefficient, and heating the hydrogen storage tank based on the heating plan and the heat source recovery system when the hydrogen storage tank is releasing hydrogen; a monitoring module, for real-time monitoring of the temperature rise process of the hydrogen storage tank to obtain a real-time temperature characterization value sequence; an adjustment module, for real-time adjustment of the current heating plan based on the real-time temperature characterization value sequence, to obtain the latest heating plan, and to heat the hydrogen storage tank based on the latest heating plan; and for continuously iterating and updating the heating plan, so that the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank can be fully released, thereby reducing the residual hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of heat supply management, and in particular to a heat management system and method applied to a hydrogen storage tank. Background Art

[0002] At present, hydrogen storage tanks that store hydrogen need to be pre-cooled when filling with hydrogen. The hydrogenation process can be refrigerated using a circulating refrigeration method, and other heat source systems can be used to heat the hydrogen storage tanks when releasing hydrogen. For example, a heat source system that recovers waste heat generated by the fuel cell stack or a heat source system that recovers heat energy absorbed during circulating refrigeration, etc., so as to make the hydrogen release smooth and efficient, reduce hydrogen residue, ensure the effective use of energy, and reduce energy waste.

[0003] However, existing hydrogen storage tanks are mostly heated by controlling multiple heat source systems through a single heating plan. However, as the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen storage tank changes, the single heating plan causes the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank to not be completely released, resulting in residual hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention proposes a thermal management system and method for a hydrogen storage tank. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a thermal management system and method for a hydrogen storage tank, which is used to achieve continuous iterative updating of a heating plan based on a real-time temperature characterization value sequence during the heating process of the hydrogen storage tank, thereby overcoming the disadvantage of a single heating plan in a traditional thermal management system for hydrogen storage tanks, so that the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank can be fully released and the residual hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank is reduced.

[0006] The present invention provides a thermal management system for a hydrogen storage tank, comprising:

[0007] A precooling module is used to precool the hydrogen storage tank based on a circulating refrigeration method when the hydrogen storage tank is filled with hydrogen, and recover the heat absorbed during the precooling operation to the heat recovery system;

[0008] A heating module is used to generate a heating plan based on a heating conversion coefficient, and to heat the hydrogen storage tank based on the heating plan and a heat recovery system when the hydrogen storage tank is discharging hydrogen;

[0009] A monitoring module is used to monitor the temperature rise process of the hydrogen storage tank in real time and obtain a real-time temperature characterization value sequence;

[0010] The adjustment module is used to adjust the current heating plan in real time based on the real-time temperature characterization value sequence, obtain the latest heating plan, and perform heating operations on the hydrogen storage tank based on the latest heating plan.

[0011] Preferably, the heating module comprises:

[0012] A coefficient determination unit, used to determine a heating conversion coefficient based on a historical hydrogen concentration of the hydrogen storage tank and a corresponding historical heating power;

[0013] A power determination unit, used to determine the required heating power based on the heating conversion coefficient and the current hydrogen concentration of the hydrogen storage tank;

[0014] A plan generating unit, used for generating a heating plan based on the required heating power and all heat source systems;

[0015] The heating operation unit is used to heat the hydrogen storage tank based on a heating plan when the hydrogen storage tank is discharging hydrogen.

[0016] Preferably, the coefficient determination unit comprises:

[0017] A first determination subunit is used to determine the historical hydrogen concentration and the corresponding historical heating power corresponding to different times based on the historical heating data of the hydrogen storage tank, divide the multiple groups of historical hydrogen concentrations based on a preset division fineness based on multiple groups of historical hydrogen concentrations and corresponding historical heating powers, obtain multiple concentration sets, calculate the average concentration of all historical hydrogen concentrations in the concentration set and the average thermal power of the historical heating power corresponding to all historical hydrogen concentrations in the concentration set, and calculate the first conversion coefficient of the corresponding concentration set based on the average concentration and the average thermal power;

[0018] The second determining subunit is used to determine a heating conversion coefficient based on the first conversion coefficients of all concentration sets.

[0019] Preferably, the second determining subunit includes:

[0020] The first determination end is used to determine whether there are outliers in the first conversion coefficients of all concentration sets. If so, a new division fineness is determined based on a preset fineness gradient and a preset division fineness, and multiple groups of historical hydrogen concentrations are further divided based on the new division fineness to obtain a new concentration set, and the first conversion coefficient of the new concentration set is calculated, until there are no outliers in the first conversion coefficients of all the latest obtained concentration sets, then the average value of all the latest obtained first conversion coefficients is used as the second conversion coefficient, otherwise, the average value of all the current first conversion coefficients is used as the second conversion coefficient;

[0021] The second determining end is used to determine the heating conversion coefficient based on the residual value of the second conversion coefficient.

[0022] Preferably, the second determining end includes:

[0023] A calculation sub-end, used to calculate the predicted heating power of each historical hydrogen concentration based on the second conversion coefficient, and calculate the residual value of the second conversion coefficient based on the predicted heating power and the historical heating power of all historical hydrogen concentrations;

[0024] The judgment sub-end is used to judge whether the residual value exceeds the residual threshold. If so, a new division fineness is determined based on the preset fineness gradient and the preset division fineness, a new concentration set is obtained based on the new division fineness, a new second conversion coefficient is determined based on the new concentration set, and the residual value of the new second conversion coefficient is calculated. When the latest residual value does not exceed the residual threshold, the latest second conversion coefficient is used as the heating conversion coefficient, otherwise, the current second conversion coefficient is used as the heating conversion coefficient.

[0025] Preferably, the plan generating unit comprises:

[0026] The heat supply determination subunit is used to determine the heat source system that needs to be heated and the corresponding heating power based on the priority order of the recovery heat source system and other heat source systems, and in combination with the available heating power, the reserved heating power value and the required heating power of the recovery heat source system and other heat source systems;

[0027] The plan generation subunit is used to generate a heating plan based on the heat source system that needs heating and the corresponding heating power.

[0028] Preferably, the monitoring module includes:

[0029] A weight calculation unit, used to determine the temperatures of a plurality of preset temperature measurement points on the surface of the hydrogen storage tank at different times based on an infrared temperature measurement sensor, determine the first three-dimensional coordinates of the preset temperature measurement points and the second three-dimensional coordinates of the physical center point of the hydrogen storage tank, and calculate the temperature rise weight of each preset temperature measurement point based on the first three-dimensional coordinates and the second three-dimensional coordinates;

[0030] The sequence generation unit is used to calculate the temperature characterization value of the hydrogen storage tank at different times based on the temperature and temperature rise weight of each preset temperature measurement point at different times, and generate a real-time temperature characterization value sequence based on all temperature characterization values ​​obtained by the hydrogen storage tank during the temperature rise process.

[0031] Preferably, the adjustment module includes:

[0032] A target determination unit is used to obtain a real-time hydrogen concentration sequence of the hydrogen storage tank during the temperature rise process, perform linear regression analysis on the real-time hydrogen concentration sequence and the real-time temperature characterization value sequence, determine the functional relationship between the real-time temperature characterization value and the real-time hydrogen concentration, determine the predicted temperature peak value of the hydrogen storage tank based on the current heating plan, calculate the residual hydrogen concentration based on the predicted temperature peak value and the functional relationship, and judge whether the residual hydrogen concentration exceeds the concentration threshold. If so, calculate the target temperature characterization value based on the linear functional relationship and the concentration threshold, and determine the target required power based on the target temperature characterization value and the temperature rise power conversion coefficient of the hydrogen storage tank; otherwise, maintain the current heating plan;

[0033] The heating update unit is used to determine a new heating plan based on the target required power, and perform heating operations on the hydrogen storage tank based on the new heating plan.

[0034] Preferably, the heat supply renewal unit comprises:

[0035] A plan determination subunit is used to determine a new heat source system that needs heating and a corresponding new heating power based on the priority of the recovery heat source system and other heat source systems, and in combination with the available heating power, the reserved heating power value and the target required power of the recovery heat source system and other heat source systems, and to generate a new heating plan based on the new heat source system that needs heating and the corresponding new heating power;

[0036] The heating operation subunit is used to perform heating operation on the hydrogen storage tank based on a new heating plan.

[0037] The present invention provides a thermal management method for a hydrogen storage tank, comprising:

[0038] S1: When the hydrogen storage tank is filled with hydrogen, the hydrogen storage tank is precooled based on the cycle refrigeration method, and the heat absorbed during the precooling operation is recovered to the heat recovery system;

[0039] S2: Generate a heating plan based on the heating conversion coefficient, and heat the hydrogen storage tank based on the heating plan and the heat recovery system when the hydrogen storage tank is releasing hydrogen;

[0040] S3: monitor the temperature rise process of the hydrogen storage tank in real time and obtain a real-time temperature characterization value sequence;

[0041] S4: Based on the real-time temperature characterization value sequence, the current heating plan is adjusted in real time, the latest heating plan is obtained, and the hydrogen storage tank is heated based on the latest heating plan.

[0042] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings.

[0043] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0045] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a thermal management system applied to a hydrogen storage tank in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a heating module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a coefficient determination unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a second determination subunit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a second determination end in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a plan generation unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of a monitoring module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of an adjustment module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a plan generation unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Fig.10 Flow chart of the thermal management method of the hydrogen storage tank in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0056] Embodiment 1:

[0057] The present invention provides a thermal management system for a hydrogen storage tank, referring to Figure 1 ,include:

[0058] A precooling module is used to precool the hydrogen storage tank based on a circulating refrigeration method when the hydrogen storage tank is filled with hydrogen, and recover the heat absorbed during the precooling operation to the heat recovery system;

[0059] A heating module is used to generate a heating plan based on a heating conversion coefficient, and to heat the hydrogen storage tank based on the heating plan and a heat recovery system when the hydrogen storage tank is discharging hydrogen;

[0060] A monitoring module is used to monitor the temperature rise process of the hydrogen storage tank in real time and obtain a real-time temperature characterization value sequence;

[0061] The adjustment module is used to adjust the current heating plan in real time based on the real-time temperature characterization value sequence, obtain the latest heating plan, and perform heating operations on the hydrogen storage tank based on the latest heating plan.

[0062] In this embodiment, filling hydrogen is the operation of filling hydrogen into the hydrogen storage tank.

[0063] In this embodiment, the hydrogen storage tank in this embodiment is used to store hydrogen.

[0064] In this embodiment, the cyclic refrigeration method is to use a refrigeration cycle to refrigerate, and the refrigeration cycle consists of a compression process, a condensation process, an expansion process, and an evaporation process. That is, a limited refrigerant is used in a closed refrigeration system to repeatedly compress, condense, expand, and evaporate the refrigerant, and continuously absorb heat and vaporize at the evaporator to perform refrigeration and temperature reduction. Refrigeration cycles include compression refrigeration cycles, absorption refrigeration cycles, adsorption refrigeration cycles, steam jet refrigeration cycles, and semiconductor refrigeration.

[0065] In this embodiment, the precooling operation is to reduce the temperature of the hydrogen storage tank to a preset temperature based on a circulating refrigeration method, so that the hydrogen storage tank can store more hydrogen.

[0066] In this embodiment, the heat source recovery system is a heating system for generating heat by utilizing the heat absorbed during the pre-cooling operation to form a heat source.

[0067] In this embodiment, the heating conversion coefficient is a conversion coefficient used to determine the required heating power of the hydrogen storage tank during the hydrogen degassing process after a preset time (i.e., the preset time for releasing all the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank) based on the current residual hydrogen density of the hydrogen storage tank. That is, the product of the current residual hydrogen density of the hydrogen storage tank and the heating conversion coefficient is the required heating power of the hydrogen storage tank during the hydrogen degassing process, and the heating power is the output power of the heat source system when supplying heat to the hydrogen storage tank.

[0068] In this embodiment, the heating plan is a plan including multiple heat source systems required to provide heat to the hydrogen storage tank and the heating power of each heat source system, which is used to determine the required heating power of the hydrogen storage tank during the hydrogen discharge process based on the heating conversion coefficient.

[0069] In this embodiment, releasing hydrogen is an operation of releasing hydrogen from the hydrogen storage tank.

[0070] In this embodiment, the heating operation is to control the corresponding multiple heat source systems to heat the hydrogen storage tank based on the heating plan, thereby making the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank more fully released and reducing the residual hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank.

[0071] In this embodiment, the temperature rise process is the process in which the temperature of the hydrogen storage tank rises when it is heated during the hydrogen release process.

[0072] In this embodiment, the real-time temperature characterization value sequence is a sequence consisting of real-time temperature values ​​corresponding to different moments obtained based on real-time monitoring of the temperature rise process of the hydrogen storage tank.

[0073] The beneficial effects of the above technology are: based on the real-time temperature characterization value sequence during the heating process of the hydrogen storage tank, the heating plan is continuously iterated and updated, thereby overcoming the disadvantage of the single heating plan in the traditional hydrogen storage tank thermal management system, so that the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank can be fully released, reducing the residual hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank.

[0074] Embodiment 2:

[0075] Based on Example 1, the heating module, reference Figure 2 ,include:

[0076] A coefficient determination unit, used to determine a heating conversion coefficient based on a historical hydrogen concentration of the hydrogen storage tank and a corresponding historical heating power;

[0077] A power determination unit, used to determine the required heating power based on the heating conversion coefficient and the current hydrogen concentration of the hydrogen storage tank;

[0078] A plan generating unit, used for generating a heating plan based on the required heating power and all heat source systems;

[0079] The heating operation unit is used to heat the hydrogen storage tank based on a heating plan when the hydrogen storage tank is discharging hydrogen.

[0080] In this embodiment, the historical hydrogen concentration is the hydrogen concentration of the hydrogen storage tank during the historical hydrogen release process.

[0081] In this embodiment, the historical heating power is the required heating power of the hydrogen storage tank during the historical hydrogen discharge process.

[0082] In this embodiment, the required heating power is the total heating power required to be provided by multiple heat source systems when the hydrogen concentration currently stored in the hydrogen storage tank is released, which is determined based on the heating conversion coefficient and the current hydrogen concentration of the hydrogen storage tank.

[0083] In this embodiment, the current hydrogen concentration is the hydrogen concentration of the hydrogen currently stored in the hydrogen storage tank.

[0084] In this embodiment, the heat source system includes a recovery heat source system or a heat source system that recovers waste heat generated by a fuel cell stack or a heat source system that directly provides heat based on electrical energy, etc.

[0085] The beneficial effects of the above technology are: by analyzing the historical heating data of the historical hydrogen discharge process of the hydrogen storage tank, the heating conversion coefficient characterizing the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen storage tank and the required heating power is determined, and then the heating power currently required for the hydrogen storage tank is determined based on the heating conversion coefficient and the current hydrogen concentration of the hydrogen storage tank, and then the heating plan of the hydrogen storage tank is determined based on the currently required heating power, and the heating operation of the hydrogen storage tank is realized, so as to reasonably generate the heating plan for the hydrogen storage tank and perform reasonable heating based on the heating process in the historical hydrogen discharge process.

[0086] Embodiment 3:

[0087] Based on Example 2, the coefficient determination unit, refer to Figure 3 ,include:

[0088] A first determination subunit is used to determine the historical hydrogen concentration and the corresponding historical heating power corresponding to different times based on the historical heating data of the hydrogen storage tank, divide the multiple groups of historical hydrogen concentrations based on a preset division fineness based on multiple groups of historical hydrogen concentrations and corresponding historical heating powers, obtain multiple concentration sets, calculate the average concentration of all historical hydrogen concentrations in the concentration set and the average thermal power of the historical heating power corresponding to all historical hydrogen concentrations in the concentration set, and calculate the first conversion coefficient of the corresponding concentration set based on the average concentration and the average thermal power;

[0089] The second determining subunit is used to determine a heating conversion coefficient based on the first conversion coefficients of all concentration sets.

[0090] In this embodiment, the historical heating data includes data when the hydrogen storage tank is heated during the historical hydrogen degassing process, specifically including the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen storage tank at different times during the historical hydrogen degassing process (i.e., the historical hydrogen concentration) and the total heating power provided by all heat source systems at the corresponding time (i.e., the historical heating power).

[0091] In this embodiment, the historical hydrogen concentration is the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen storage tank at different times during the historical hydrogen release process of the hydrogen storage tank.

[0092] In this embodiment, the historical heating power is the total heating power provided by all heat source systems of the hydrogen storage tank at different times during the historical hydrogen discharge process.

[0093] In this embodiment, the preset division fineness is the preset division interval time, for example: 2 minutes.

[0094] In this embodiment, multiple groups of historical hydrogen concentrations are divided based on a preset division fineness to obtain multiple concentration sets. For example, if the preset division fineness is 2 minutes, the multiple groups of historical hydrogen concentrations are sorted in chronological order, and the historical hydrogen concentrations within each two minutes starting from the earliest moment corresponding to the multiple groups of historical hydrogen concentrations are divided into a concentration set, thereby obtaining multiple concentration sets.

[0095] In this embodiment, the concentration set is a set including at least one historical hydrogen concentration obtained by dividing multiple groups of historical hydrogen concentrations based on the preset division adsorption.

[0096] In this embodiment, the average concentration is the average value of all historical hydrogen concentrations in the concentration set.

[0097] In this embodiment, the average thermal power is the average value of the historical thermal powers corresponding to all historical hydrogen concentrations in the concentration set.

[0098] In this embodiment, the first conversion coefficient is the ratio of the average thermal power to the average concentration.

[0099] The beneficial effects of the above technology are: realizing a concentration set obtained by dividing multiple groups of historical hydrogen in the historical heating data of the hydrogen storage tank according to a preset division fineness, determining a first conversion coefficient based on the average value of the historical hydrogen concentration in the concentration set and the average value of the historical heating power, and realizing a conversion coefficient determined by the data after first dividing the historical heating data and then averaging the data, which has a smaller residual value than the conversion coefficient determined by directly averaging the data, so that the determined conversion coefficient representing the numerical relationship between the hydrogen concentration and the required heating power is more accurate.

[0100] Embodiment 4:

[0101] On the basis of Example 3, the second determining subunit, referring to Figure 4 ,include:

[0102] The first determination end is used to determine whether there are outliers in the first conversion coefficients of all concentration sets. If so, a new division fineness is determined based on a preset fineness gradient and a preset division fineness, and multiple groups of historical hydrogen concentrations are further divided based on the new division fineness to obtain a new concentration set, and the first conversion coefficient of the new concentration set is calculated, until there are no outliers in the first conversion coefficients of all the latest obtained concentration sets, then the average value of all the latest obtained first conversion coefficients is used as the second conversion coefficient, otherwise, the average value of all the current first conversion coefficients is used as the second conversion coefficient;

[0103] The second determining end is used to determine the heating conversion coefficient based on the residual value of the second conversion coefficient.

[0104] In this embodiment, outliers are a small number of data objects that are abnormal from the normal data set, and are defined in this embodiment as first conversion coefficients whose difference from the average value of all first conversion coefficients is greater than 1.1 times the average value of all first conversion coefficients.

[0105] In this embodiment, the preset fineness gradient is the difference between the new division fineness determined each time and the previous division fineness, for example: 30 seconds, that is, when the preset division fineness is 2 minutes, the next new division fineness is 1 minute and 30 seconds, and the next new division fineness is 1 minute.

[0106] In this embodiment, a new division fineness is determined based on the preset fineness gradient and the preset division fineness, that is, the difference between the preset division adsorption and the preset fineness gradient is used as the new division fineness.

[0107] In this embodiment, the new concentration set is a set including at least one historical hydrogen concentration obtained by re-dividing multiple groups of historical hydrogen concentrations based on a new division fineness.

[0108] In this embodiment, the first conversion coefficient of the new concentration is calculated, that is: the new average concentration of all historical hydrogen concentrations in the new concentration set and the new average thermal power of the historical thermal powers corresponding to all historical hydrogen concentrations in the new concentration set are calculated, and the ratio of the new average thermal power to the new average concentration is used as the first conversion coefficient corresponding to the new concentration set.

[0109] In this embodiment, the second conversion coefficient is the average value of the first conversion coefficients of all concentration sets without outliers that are newly obtained.

[0110] In this embodiment, the residual value is the difference between the historical heating power corresponding to the historical hydrogen density in the historical heating data and the predicted heating power determined based on the second conversion coefficient. The residual value represents the accuracy of the second conversion coefficient. When the residual value is smaller, the second conversion coefficient is closer to the conversion coefficient between the historical hydrogen concentration in the historical heating data and the corresponding historical heating power, and vice versa.

[0111] The beneficial effects of the above technology are: it is used to determine whether there are outliers in all concentration sets as a basis for determining whether to continue to divide the obtained conversion coefficients at a higher level, to achieve continuous subdivision and iteration in the process of determining the conversion coefficients, and to control the accuracy of the numerical conversion relationship between the historical hydrogen concentration and the corresponding historical heating power in the determined historical heating data in combination with the residual value of the determined conversion coefficients.

[0112] Embodiment 5:

[0113] Based on Example 4, the second determination end, referring to Figure 5 ,include:

[0114] A calculation sub-end, used to calculate the predicted heating power of each historical hydrogen concentration based on the second conversion coefficient, and calculate the residual value of the second conversion coefficient based on the predicted heating power and the historical heating power of all historical hydrogen concentrations;

[0115] The judgment sub-end is used to judge whether the residual value exceeds the residual threshold. If so, a new division fineness is determined based on the preset fineness gradient and the preset division fineness, a new concentration set is obtained based on the new division fineness, a new second conversion coefficient is determined based on the new concentration set, and the residual value of the new second conversion coefficient is calculated. When the latest residual value does not exceed the residual threshold, the latest second conversion coefficient is used as the heating conversion coefficient, otherwise, the current second conversion coefficient is used as the heating conversion coefficient.

[0116] In this embodiment, the predicted heating power for each historical hydrogen concentration is calculated based on the second conversion coefficient, that is: the product of the second conversion coefficient and the historical hydrogen concentration is used as the predicted heating power corresponding to the historical hydrogen concentration, and the predicted heating power is the observed value of the heating power determined based on the second conversion coefficient and the historical hydrogen concentration.

[0117] In this embodiment, based on the predicted heating power and the historical heating power of all historical hydrogen concentrations, the residual value of the second conversion coefficient is calculated, that is, the difference between the historical heating power corresponding to the historical hydrogen concentration and the predicted heating power.

[0118] In this embodiment, the residual value threshold is the maximum residual value that can be reached by the second conversion coefficient that can be used as the heating conversion coefficient and is set by the user.

[0119] The beneficial effects of the above technology are: realizing the prediction performance of the second conversion coefficient based on the residual value and whether the accuracy of the numerical relationship between hydrogen density and required heating power meets the requirements, thereby realizing secondary control of the accuracy of the determined second conversion coefficient.

[0120] Embodiment 6:

[0121] Based on Example 2, the plan generation unit refers to Figure 6 ,include:

[0122] The heat supply determination subunit is used to determine the heat source system that needs to be heated and the corresponding heating power based on the priority order of the recovery heat source system and other heat source systems, and in combination with the available heating power, the reserved heating power value and the required heating power of the recovery heat source system and other heat source systems;

[0123] The plan generation subunit is used to generate a heating plan based on the heat source system that needs heating and the corresponding heating power.

[0124] In this embodiment, the priority order of the heat recovery system and other heat source systems is the heat source limited principle set by the user: for example: the heat recovery system and the heat source system that recovers the waste heat generated by the fuel cell stack are used first. When the total heating power that can be provided by the heat recovery system and the heat source system that recovers the waste heat generated by the fuel cell stack is insufficient, the heat source system that directly provides heat based on electric energy is used to heat the hydrogen storage tank.

[0125] In this embodiment, the heating power that can be provided is the maximum heating power that the heat recovery system and other heat source systems can provide.

[0126] In this embodiment, the heating power reserved value is used to determine the heating plan to avoid the situation where the heating effect is reduced due to the unstable heating of the heat source system. Therefore, it is necessary to add the heating power reserved value to the required heating power to obtain the actual required heating power. This can avoid the situation where the heating effect is reduced due to the unstable heating of the heat source system. The value of the heating power reserved value is specifically set according to the user.

[0127] In this embodiment, based on the priority order of the recovery heat source system and other heat source systems, and in combination with the available heating power, the reserved heating power value and the required heating power of the recovery heat source system and other heat source systems, the heat source system requiring heating and the corresponding heating power are determined, that is:

[0128] The actual required heating power is determined based on the required heating power and the reserved heating power value, and based on the priority of the recovery heat source system and other heat source systems, it is judged in turn whether the maximum heating power that can be provided by the current heat source system and all the corresponding front heat source systems is not less than the actually required heating power. If so, the heating power of each heat source system that needs heating is determined based on the required heating power. Otherwise, it is continued to be judged whether the maximum heating power that can be provided by the next heat source system and all the corresponding front heat source systems is not less than the actually required heating power, until the maximum heating power that can be provided by the current heat source system and all the corresponding front heat source systems is not less than the actually required heating power, then the heating power of each heat source system that needs heating is determined based on the required heating power;

[0129] For example: the priority order of the recovery heat source system and other heat source systems and the corresponding maximum available heating power are: recovery heat source system (10 kW), heat source system for recovering waste heat generated by fuel cell stacks (50 kW), and heat source system for directly providing heat based on electric energy (10 kW). The actual required heat source power is 50 kW, so the heat source systems that need to provide heating are the recovery heat source system and the heat source system for recovering waste heat generated by fuel cell stacks, and the heating power of the recovery heat source system is 10 kW, and the heating power of the heat source system for recovering waste heat generated by fuel cell stacks is 40 kW.

[0130] The beneficial effects of the above technology are: to determine the heating plan based on the manually determined priority of the heat source system, the heating power that each heat source system can provide, the heating power reserved value and the required heating power, and based on the reserved value, to reduce or avoid the situation where the heating effect is reduced due to the unstable heating of the heat source system.

[0131] Embodiment 7:

[0132] Based on Example 1, the monitoring module, refer to Figure 7 ,include:

[0133] A weight calculation unit, used to determine the temperatures of a plurality of preset temperature measurement points on the surface of the hydrogen storage tank at different times based on an infrared temperature measurement sensor, determine the first three-dimensional coordinates of the preset temperature measurement points and the second three-dimensional coordinates of the physical center point of the hydrogen storage tank, and calculate the temperature rise weight of each preset temperature measurement point based on the first three-dimensional coordinates and the second three-dimensional coordinates;

[0134] The sequence generation unit is used to calculate the temperature characterization value of the hydrogen storage tank at different times based on the temperature and temperature rise weight of each preset temperature measurement point at different times, and generate a real-time temperature characterization value sequence based on all temperature characterization values ​​obtained by the hydrogen storage tank during the temperature rise process.

[0135] In this embodiment, the infrared temperature sensor is a device that uses infrared rays to measure temperature.

[0136] In this embodiment, the preset temperature measurement points are position points uniformly distributed on the surface of the hydrogen storage tank pre-set by the user.

[0137] In this embodiment, the first three-dimensional coordinate is the three-dimensional coordinate value of a preset temperature measurement point on the surface of the hydrogen storage tank when the hydrogen storage tank is represented by a preset coordinate system.

[0138] In this embodiment, the second three-dimensional coordinate is the three-dimensional coordinate value of the physical center point of the hydrogen storage tank when the hydrogen storage tank is represented by a preset coordinate system.

[0139] In this embodiment, the temperature rise weight of each preset temperature measurement point is calculated based on the first three-dimensional coordinates and the second three-dimensional coordinates, including:

[0140]

[0141] In the formula, δ is the temperature rise weight of the preset temperature measurement point, r min is the shortest distance between the surface of the hydrogen storage tank and the physical center point, x1 is the abscissa value of the first three-dimensional coordinate, x0 is the abscissa value of the second three-dimensional coordinate, y1 is the abscissa value of the first three-dimensional coordinate, y0 is the abscissa value of the second three-dimensional coordinate, z1 is the abscissa value of the first three-dimensional coordinate, and z0 is the abscissa value of the second three-dimensional coordinate;

[0142] The temperature rise weight calculated based on the above formula can characterize the contribution of the temperature of the preset temperature measuring point to the hydrogen dehydrogenation process of the hydrogen storage tank. That is, the farther the preset temperature measuring point is from the physical center point of the hydrogen storage tank, the smaller the contribution of the preset temperature measuring point to the hydrogen dehydrogenation process of the hydrogen storage tank.

[0143] In this embodiment, the temperature characterization value of the hydrogen storage tank is calculated based on the temperature and temperature rise weight of each preset temperature measurement point, including:

[0144]

[0145] Where, T b is the temperature characterization value of the hydrogen storage tank, i is the i-th preset temperature measurement point on the surface of the hydrogen storage tank, n is the total number of preset temperature measurement points on the surface of the hydrogen storage tank, δ i is the temperature rise weight of the i-th preset temperature measurement point on the surface of the hydrogen storage tank, T i is the temperature of the i-th preset temperature measurement point on the surface of the hydrogen storage tank;

[0146] Based on the above formula, the temperature rise weight that characterizes the contribution of the temperature of the preset temperature measuring point to the hydrogen dehydrogenation process of the hydrogen storage tank and the temperature of each preset temperature measuring point are combined to determine the characterization value that characterizes the overall temperature of the hydrogen storage tank.

[0147] In this embodiment, the temperature characterization value is a characterization value characterizing the overall temperature of the hydrogen storage tank at a corresponding moment, calculated based on the temperature rise weights of all preset temperature measurement points on the surface of the hydrogen storage tank and the temperature at the corresponding moment.

[0148] In this embodiment, a real-time temperature characterization value sequence is generated based on all temperature characterization values ​​obtained during the temperature rise of the hydrogen storage tank, that is, a sequence obtained by sorting all temperature characterization values ​​obtained during the temperature rise of the hydrogen storage tank in time sequence.

[0149] The beneficial effects of the above technology are: based on the temperatures of multiple preset temperature measuring points on the surface of the hydrogen storage tank and the temperature rise weights characterizing the contribution of each preset temperature measuring point to the hydrogen release process of the hydrogen storage tank calculated based on the first three-dimensional coordinates of the preset temperature measuring points and the second three-dimensional coordinates of the physical center point of the hydrogen storage tank, a sequence that can characterize the temperature change process of the hydrogen storage tank during the temperature rise process is calculated, and data characterizing the temperature change process of the hydrogen storage tank during the temperature rise process can be obtained.

[0150] Embodiment 8:

[0151] Based on Example 1, adjust the module, refer to Figure 8 ,include:

[0152] A target determination unit is used to obtain a real-time hydrogen concentration sequence of the hydrogen storage tank during the temperature rise process, perform linear regression analysis on the real-time hydrogen concentration sequence and the real-time temperature characterization value sequence, determine the functional relationship between the real-time temperature characterization value and the real-time hydrogen concentration, determine the predicted temperature peak value of the hydrogen storage tank based on the current heating plan, calculate the residual hydrogen concentration based on the predicted temperature peak value and the functional relationship, and judge whether the residual hydrogen concentration exceeds the concentration threshold. If so, calculate the target temperature characterization value based on the linear functional relationship and the concentration threshold, and determine the target required power based on the target temperature characterization value and the temperature rise power conversion coefficient of the hydrogen storage tank; otherwise, maintain the current heating plan;

[0153] The heating update unit is used to determine a new heating plan based on the target required power, and perform heating operations on the hydrogen storage tank based on the new heating plan.

[0154] In this embodiment, linear regression analysis is a statistical analysis method that uses regression analysis in mathematical statistics to determine the quantitative relationship between two or more variables that are interdependent. Its expression is y=w'x+e, w' is a constant, and e is the error that obeys a normal distribution with a mean of 0. That is, the expression of the functional relationship between the determined real-time temperature characterization value and the real-time hydrogen concentration is y=w'x+e, w' is a constant, and e is the error that obeys a normal distribution with a mean of 0.

[0155] In this embodiment, the predicted temperature peak of the hydrogen storage tank is determined based on the current heating plan, that is:

[0156] The maximum temperature that the hydrogen storage tank can reach within a preset time (i.e., the preset time required to release all the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank) is determined based on the total heating power of all heat source systems in the current heating plan.

[0157] In this embodiment, the residual hydrogen concentration is calculated based on the predicted temperature peak and the functional relationship, that is:

[0158] The hydrogen concentration obtained by substituting the predicted temperature peak into the functional relationship between the real-time temperature characterization value and the real-time hydrogen concentration is used as the corresponding residual hydrogen concentration.

[0159] In this embodiment, the residual hydrogen concentration is the residual hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen storage tank after the hydrogen storage tank is heated for a preset time based on the current heating plan, which is predicted based on the predicted temperature peak value and the functional relationship.

[0160] In this embodiment, the concentration threshold is a threshold of the residual hydrogen concentration used to determine whether the current heating plan needs to be updated, that is, the maximum value that the corresponding residual hydrogen concentration can reach when the current heating plan is determined not to need to be updated.

[0161] In this embodiment, the target temperature characterization value is calculated based on the linear function relationship and the concentration threshold, that is: the temperature value determined after substituting the concentration threshold into the linear function relationship is used as the target temperature characterization value. The target temperature characterization value is the temperature characterization value that the hydrogen storage tank should reach after the hydrogen release process of the preset time if the residual hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen storage tank does not exceed the concentration threshold after the hydrogen release process of the preset time.

[0162] In this embodiment, the temperature rise power conversion coefficient is the conversion coefficient between the target temperature characterization value and the total heating power of all heat source systems that supply heat to the hydrogen storage tank, and is determined based on data in actual conditions such as the heating efficiency of the heat source system.

[0163] In this embodiment, the target required power is determined based on the target temperature characterization value and the temperature rise power conversion coefficient of the hydrogen storage tank, which is:

[0164] The product of the target temperature characterization value and the temperature rise power conversion coefficient is taken as the target required power.

[0165] In this embodiment, the target required power is the heating power required to be provided by all heat source systems during the heating process of the preset time when the residual hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen storage tank does not exceed the concentration threshold after the hydrogen storage tank is heated for the preset time.

[0166] The beneficial effects of the above technology are: by monitoring the hydrogen concentration of the hydrogen storage tank during the temperature rise process and the temperature rise process and performing linear regression analysis, the functional relationship between the temperature characterization value of the hydrogen storage tank and the remaining hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen storage tank during the current heating process is determined, and then based on the temperature peak value that may be reached predicted by the current heating plan, it is predicted based on the temperature peak whether the residual hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen storage tank after the heating process of the preset time is lower than the concentration threshold, thereby realizing the judgment of whether the current heating plan meets the release requirements of the hydrogen storage tank. If not, the temperature characterization value that the hydrogen storage tank needs to reach after the preset time is determined based on the determined residual hydrogen concentration, and then based on the temperature rise power conversion coefficient, the target required power required to be provided by all heat sources is determined, and the latest heating plan is determined based on the target required power. The heating conversion coefficient is updated, and the continuous iterative update of the heating plan during the heating process of the hydrogen storage tank is realized, thereby overcoming the disadvantage of the single heating plan in the traditional hydrogen storage tank thermal management system, so that the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank can be fully released and the residual hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank is reduced.

[0167] Embodiment 9:

[0168] Based on Example 8, the heating renewal unit, reference Fig. 9 ,include:

[0169] A plan determination subunit is used to determine a new heat source system that needs heating and a corresponding new heating power based on the priority of the recovery heat source system and other heat source systems, and in combination with the available heating power, the reserved heating power value and the target required power of the recovery heat source system and other heat source systems, and to generate a new heating plan based on the new heat source system that needs heating and the corresponding new heating power;

[0170] The heating operation subunit is used to perform heating operation on the hydrogen storage tank based on a new heating plan.

[0171] In this embodiment, the priority order of the heat recovery system and other heat source systems is the heat source limited principle set by the user: for example: the heat recovery system and the heat source system that recovers the waste heat generated by the fuel cell stack are used first. When the total heating power that can be provided by the heat recovery system and the heat source system that recovers the waste heat generated by the fuel cell stack is insufficient, the heat source system that directly provides heat based on electric energy is used to heat the hydrogen storage tank.

[0172] In this embodiment, the heating power that can be provided is the maximum heating power that the heat recovery system and other heat source systems can provide.

[0173] In this embodiment, the heating power reserved value is used to determine the heating plan to avoid the situation where the heating effect is reduced due to the unstable heating of the heat source system. Therefore, it is necessary to add the heating power reserved value to the required heating power to obtain the actual required heating power. This can avoid the situation where the heating effect is reduced due to the unstable heating of the heat source system. The value of the heating power reserved value is specifically set according to the user.

[0174] In this embodiment, based on the priority order of the recovery heat source system and other heat source systems, and in combination with the available heating power, the reserved heating power value and the target required power of the recovery heat source system and other heat source systems, a new heat source system requiring heating and the corresponding new heating power are determined, namely:

[0175] The actual target required power is determined based on the target required power and the reserved value of the heating power. Based on the priority of the recovery heat source system and other heat source systems, it is judged in turn whether the maximum heating power that can be provided by the current heat source system and all the corresponding heat source systems in the front row is not less than the actual target required power. If so, the heating power of each heat source system that needs heating is determined based on the target required power. Otherwise, it is continued to be judged whether the maximum heating power that can be provided by the next heat source system and all the corresponding heat source systems in the front row is not less than the actual target required power, until the maximum heating power that can be provided by the current heat source system and all the corresponding heat source systems in the front row is not less than the actual target required power, then the heating power of each heat source system that needs heating is determined based on the target required power.

[0176] For example: the priority order of the recovery heat source system and other heat source systems and the corresponding maximum available heating power are: recovery heat source system (20 kilowatts), heat source system for recovering waste heat generated by fuel cell stacks (60 kilowatts), and heat source system for directly providing heat based on electric energy (30 kilowatts). The actual required heat source power is 100 kilowatts. The heat source systems required for heating are the recovery heat source system, the heat source system for recovering waste heat generated by fuel cell stacks, and the heat source system for directly providing heat based on electric energy. The heating power of the recovery heat source system is 20 kilowatts, the heating power of the heat source system for recovering waste heat generated by fuel cell stacks is 60 kilowatts, and the heating power of the heat source system for directly providing heat based on electric energy is 20 kilowatts.

[0177] The beneficial effects of the above technology are: based on the latest determined target required power, the heating plan and heating conversion coefficient are updated and iterated in real time during the hydrogen discharge process of the hydrogen storage tank, so that the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank can be fully released, reducing the residual hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank.

[0178] Embodiment 10:

[0179] The present invention provides a thermal management method for a hydrogen storage tank. Fig.10 ,include:

[0180] S1: When the hydrogen storage tank is filled with hydrogen, the hydrogen storage tank is precooled based on the cycle refrigeration method, and the heat absorbed during the precooling operation is recovered to the heat recovery system;

[0181] S2: Generate a heating plan based on the heating conversion coefficient, and heat the hydrogen storage tank based on the heating plan and the heat recovery system when the hydrogen storage tank is releasing hydrogen;

[0182] S3: monitor the temperature rise process of the hydrogen storage tank in real time and obtain a real-time temperature characterization value sequence;

[0183] S4: Based on the real-time temperature characterization value sequence, the current heating plan is adjusted in real time, the latest heating plan is obtained, and the hydrogen storage tank is heated based on the latest heating plan.

[0184] The beneficial effects of the above technology are: based on the real-time temperature characterization value sequence during the heating process of the hydrogen storage tank, the heating plan is continuously iterated and updated, thereby overcoming the disadvantage of the single heating plan in the traditional hydrogen storage tank thermal management system, so that the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank can be fully released, reducing the residual hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank.

[0185] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A thermal management system applied to a hydrogen storage tank, characterized in that: include: A precooling module is used to precool the hydrogen storage tank based on a circulating refrigeration method when the hydrogen storage tank is filled with hydrogen, and recover the heat absorbed during the precooling operation to the heat recovery system; A heating module is used to generate a heating plan based on a heating conversion coefficient, and to heat the hydrogen storage tank based on the heating plan and a heat recovery system when the hydrogen storage tank is discharging hydrogen; A monitoring module is used to monitor the temperature rise process of the hydrogen storage tank in real time and obtain a real-time temperature characterization value sequence; An adjustment module is used to adjust the current heating plan in real time based on the real-time temperature characterization value sequence, obtain the latest heating plan, and perform heating operation on the hydrogen storage tank based on the latest heating plan; The heating module includes: A coefficient determination unit, used to determine a heating conversion coefficient based on a historical hydrogen concentration of the hydrogen storage tank and a corresponding historical heating power; A power determination unit, used to determine the required heating power based on the heating conversion coefficient and the current hydrogen concentration of the hydrogen storage tank; A plan generating unit, used for generating a heating plan based on the required heating power and all heat source systems; A heating operation unit, used for heating the hydrogen storage tank based on a heating plan when the hydrogen storage tank is discharging hydrogen; The monitoring module includes: A weight calculation unit, used to determine the temperatures of a plurality of preset temperature measurement points on the surface of the hydrogen storage tank at different times based on an infrared temperature measurement sensor, determine the first three-dimensional coordinates of the preset temperature measurement points and the second three-dimensional coordinates of the physical center point of the hydrogen storage tank, and calculate the temperature rise weight of each preset temperature measurement point based on the first three-dimensional coordinates and the second three-dimensional coordinates; A sequence generation unit is used to calculate the temperature characterization value of the hydrogen storage tank at different times based on the temperature and temperature rise weight of each preset temperature measurement point at different times, and generate a real-time temperature characterization value sequence based on all temperature characterization values ​​obtained by the hydrogen storage tank during the temperature rise process; The adjustment module includes: A target determination unit is used to obtain a real-time hydrogen concentration sequence of the hydrogen storage tank during the temperature rise process, perform linear regression analysis on the real-time hydrogen concentration sequence and the real-time temperature characterization value sequence, determine the functional relationship between the real-time temperature characterization value and the real-time hydrogen concentration, determine the predicted temperature peak value of the hydrogen storage tank based on the current heating plan, calculate the residual hydrogen concentration based on the predicted temperature peak value and the functional relationship, and judge whether the residual hydrogen concentration exceeds the concentration threshold. If so, calculate the target temperature characterization value based on the linear functional relationship and the concentration threshold, and determine the target required power based on the target temperature characterization value and the temperature rise power conversion coefficient of the hydrogen storage tank; otherwise, maintain the current heating plan; The heating update unit is used to determine a new heating plan based on the target required power, and perform heating operations on the hydrogen storage tank based on the new heating plan.

2. The thermal management system for a hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: Coefficient determination unit, including: A first determination subunit is used to determine the historical hydrogen concentration and the corresponding historical heating power corresponding to different times based on the historical heating data of the hydrogen storage tank, divide the multiple groups of historical hydrogen concentrations based on a preset division fineness based on multiple groups of historical hydrogen concentrations and corresponding historical heating powers, obtain multiple concentration sets, calculate the average concentration of all historical hydrogen concentrations in the concentration set and the average thermal power of the historical heating power corresponding to all historical hydrogen concentrations in the concentration set, and calculate the first conversion coefficient of the corresponding concentration set based on the average concentration and the average thermal power; The second determining subunit is used to determine a heating conversion coefficient based on the first conversion coefficients of all concentration sets.

3. The thermal management system for a hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second determining subunit comprises: The first determination end is used to determine whether there are outliers in the first conversion coefficients of all concentration sets. If so, a new division fineness is determined based on a preset fineness gradient and a preset division fineness, and multiple groups of historical hydrogen concentrations are further divided based on the new division fineness to obtain a new concentration set, and the first conversion coefficient of the new concentration set is calculated, until there are no outliers in the first conversion coefficients of all the latest obtained concentration sets, then the average value of all the latest obtained first conversion coefficients is used as the second conversion coefficient, otherwise, the average value of all the current first conversion coefficients is used as the second conversion coefficient; The second determining end is used to determine the heating conversion coefficient based on the residual value of the second conversion coefficient.

4. The thermal management system for a hydrogen storage tank according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second determination end includes: A calculation sub-end, used to calculate the predicted heating power of each historical hydrogen concentration based on the second conversion coefficient, and calculate the residual value of the second conversion coefficient based on the predicted heating power and the historical heating power of all historical hydrogen concentrations; The judgment sub-end is used to judge whether the residual value exceeds the residual threshold. If so, a new division fineness is determined based on the preset fineness gradient and the preset division fineness, a new concentration set is obtained based on the new division fineness, a new second conversion coefficient is determined based on the new concentration set, and the residual value of the new second conversion coefficient is calculated. When the latest residual value does not exceed the residual threshold, the latest second conversion coefficient is used as the heating conversion coefficient, otherwise, the current second conversion coefficient is used as the heating conversion coefficient.

5. The thermal management system for a hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: Plan generation unit, including: A heat supply determination subunit is used to determine the heat source system that needs to be heated and the corresponding heating power based on the priority of the recovery heat source system and other heat source systems, and in combination with the available heating power, the reserved value of the heating power and the required heating power of the recovery heat source system and other heat source systems; The plan generation subunit is used to generate a heating plan based on the heat source system that needs heating and the corresponding heating power.

6. The thermal management system for a hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: Heating renewal unit, comprising: A plan determination subunit is used to determine a new heat source system that needs heating and a corresponding new heating power based on the priority of the recovery heat source system and other heat source systems, and in combination with the available heating power, the reserved heating power value and the target required power of the recovery heat source system and other heat source systems, and to generate a new heating plan based on the new heat source system that needs heating and the corresponding new heating power; The heating operation subunit is used to perform heating operation on the hydrogen storage tank based on a new heating plan.

7. A thermal management method for a hydrogen storage tank, characterized in that: The thermal management system for a hydrogen storage tank as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 comprises: S1: When the hydrogen storage tank is filled with hydrogen, the hydrogen storage tank is precooled based on the cycle refrigeration method, and the heat absorbed during the precooling operation is recovered to the heat recovery system; S2: Generate a heating plan based on the heating conversion coefficient, and heat the hydrogen storage tank based on the heating plan and the heat recovery system when the hydrogen storage tank is releasing hydrogen; S3: monitor the temperature rise process of the hydrogen storage tank in real time and obtain a real-time temperature characterization value sequence; S4: Based on the real-time temperature characterization value sequence, the current heating plan is adjusted in real time, the latest heating plan is obtained, and the hydrogen storage tank is heated based on the latest heating plan.

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