A system for internal combustion of flue gas and its working mechanism

Abstract

A system for internal combustion and external ignition of flue gas includes at least one combustion device, at least one combustion ignition video monitor, at least one combustion observation window for the combustion nozzle, at least one combustion observation video monitor for the combustion nozzle, a flue gas temperature and pressure measuring instrument before combustion, and a flue gas temperature and pressure measuring instrument after combustion. The combustion device includes at least one m-th combustion nozzle, an m-th combustion branch circuit, an m-th combustion mixing pipe, an m-th combustion ignition chamber, an m-th combustion ignition observation window, an m-th combustion air pipe, an m-th combustion air electric valve, an m-th combustion electric igniter, an m-th combustion gas pipe, and an m-th combustion gas electric valve; where m is a natural number. This invention enables a safer ignition method for combustion gas or atomized combustion gas-liquid (or gas-powder) mixture outside the flue, provides more convenient monitoring of combustion, and achieves more uniform and efficient combustion heat transfer within the flue gas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of flue gas afterburning, and in particular to a system for internal afterburning and external ignition of flue gas and its working mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] After some coal-fired power units were shut down, their functions were partially replaced by gas-fired heating boilers and partially by gas-fired power generation and heating systems. Optimization and modification of the basic functions of these gas-fired boilers have led to relatively mature technological solutions such as gas turbine-plus-waste-heat boiler power generation and heating systems, and gas turbine-plus-thermal-storage power generation and heating systems.

[0003] To increase steam temperature or output, or to achieve decoupling of heat and electricity, a supplementary combustion device is usually installed. Patent CN 103363540 A discloses a heating and supplementary combustion system for a power plant boiler under low-load operation. The system includes a high-temperature superheater and a high-temperature reheater arranged in the horizontal flue of the boiler. The high-temperature reheater is located in front of the high-temperature superheater along the flue gas flow direction. The supplementary combustion system also includes a supplementary combustion device, which is located between the high-temperature superheater and the high-temperature reheater. The supplementary combustion device consists of a supplementary combustion nozzle, a pyrolysis chamber, a flue gas duct, a pulverized coal feeding duct, a circulation duct, and a rich-lean gas-solid separator. While this technical solution achieves pyrolysis of pulverized coal outside the flue, with the pyrolysis gas entering the flue for supplementary combustion, it does not disclose how the pyrolysis gas is ignited outside the flue, the structure and arrangement of the supplementary combustion nozzles, or the ignition method of the pyrolysis gas, nor does it disclose any information regarding monitoring the supplementary combustion. Patent CN 104006386 A discloses a non-premixed, centrally supplied multi-pipe gas supplementary combustion device. The cylinder is a section of metal tube, with air-side and flue gas-side discs respectively sealed at both ends. A through-hole is opened in the center of both the air-side and flue gas-side discs, and an air nozzle of continuous length is sealed within the through-hole. Six gas nozzles are evenly distributed on a ring centered on the air nozzles on the flue gas-side disc. A gas inlet pipe is sealed at a location on the cylinder that is not connected to the air nozzles. While this technical solution achieves the function of non-premixed, centrally supplied multi-pipe gas supplementary combustion, it does not disclose the gas ignition method or any information regarding monitoring the supplementary combustion.

[0004] This invention addresses the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned technical solutions. The technical solution achieved not only enables more uniform combustion and heat transfer inside the flue gas, but also enables a safer ignition method for the combustion gas or atomized combustion liquid (or gas powder) mixture outside the flue, and enables more convenient monitoring of the combustion status. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to achieve a more uniform combustion and heat transfer function inside the flue gas, while also realizing a safer ignition method for the combustion gas or the atomized combustion liquid (or gas powder) mixture outside the flue, and to achieve a more convenient function for monitoring the combustion status.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A system for internal combustion and external ignition of flue gas includes at least one combustion device, at least one combustion ignition video monitor, at least one combustion observation window for the combustion nozzle, at least one combustion observation video monitor for the combustion nozzle, a flue gas temperature and pressure measuring instrument before combustion, and a flue gas temperature and pressure measuring instrument after combustion.

[0008] Along the direction of the flue gas, at least one hole is opened on the flue wall downstream of the afterburning device, and a combustion observation window for the afterburning nozzle is embedded in each hole; the combustion observation video monitor for the afterburning nozzle is arranged at a certain position outside the flue, and its position and number are determined so as to be able to observe the combustion status of all afterburning nozzles.

[0009] An instrument measuring the temperature and pressure of flue gas before combustion is arranged upstream of the combustion device, with its probe inserted into the flue through the flue wall along the radial direction of the flue.

[0010] A temperature and pressure measuring instrument for the flue gas after combustion is arranged downstream of the combustion device. Its probe passes through the flue wall and is inserted into the flue along the radial direction of the flue. It can be arranged upstream or downstream of the combustion observation window of the combustion nozzle. When it is arranged upstream of the combustion observation window of the combustion nozzle, it should be arranged so as not to affect the observation of the combustion of the combustion nozzle.

[0011] The video monitor for afterburning ignition is placed at a certain location outside the flue. The location and number of the monitors are determined so that the ignition status inside the afterburning ignition chamber of all afterburning devices can be observed.

[0012] The afterburning nozzle, afterburning branch circuit and part of the afterburning mixing pipe in the afterburning device are arranged inside the flue and connected to the inner wall of the flue through the support structure; the afterburning mixing pipe in the afterburning device passes through the flue wall in the radial direction of the flue.

[0013] Furthermore, a system for internal combustion and external ignition of flue gas is characterized by: comprising at least one combustion device, wherein the combustion device includes at least one first combustion nozzle, a first combustion branch circuit, a first combustion mixing pipe, a first combustion ignition chamber, a first combustion ignition observation window, a first combustion air pipe, a first combustion air electric valve, a first combustion electric igniter, a first combustion gas pipe, a first combustion gas electric valve, at least one m-th combustion nozzle, m-th combustion branch circuit, m-th combustion mixing pipe, m-th combustion ignition chamber, m-th combustion ignition observation window, m-th combustion air pipe, m-th combustion air electric valve, m-th combustion electric igniter, m-th combustion gas pipe, and m-th combustion gas electric valve; the combustion device comprises a total of m combustion branch circuits, combustion mixing pipes, combustion ignition chambers, combustion air pipes, combustion air electric valves, combustion electric igniters, combustion gas pipes, and combustion gas electric valves; where m is a natural number;

[0014] The axis of the first supplementary combustion branch circuit coincides with the first equal pressure line of the flue gas, and the first supplementary combustion branch circuit is a continuous circuit.

[0015] The axis of the first afterburning nozzle is along the flue gas flow direction and perpendicular to the axis of the first afterburning branch circuit, and is connected to the first afterburning branch circuit; multiple first afterburning nozzles are evenly arranged along the axis of the first afterburning branch circuit.

[0016] The axis of the first afterburner mixing pipe is connected to the axis of the first afterburner branch pipe circuit, and the first afterburner mixing pipe and the first afterburner branch pipe circuit are connected in a continuous manner.

[0017] The symmetry line of the first afterburning ignition chamber is connected in the same direction as the axis of the first afterburning mixing pipe, and the first afterburning ignition chamber and the first afterburning mixing pipe are connected in a continuous manner.

[0018] The first afterburning observation window is set on at least one side of the first afterburning chamber, and the manner and number of its setting are based on the need to observe the ignition situation in the first afterburning chamber.

[0019] The axis of the first afterburning air pipe is obliquely connected to the symmetry line of the first afterburning ignition chamber, and the first afterburning air pipe is obliquely connected to the first afterburning ignition chamber; a first afterburning air electric valve is provided on the first afterburning air pipe to control the air flow.

[0020] The axis of the first supplementary combustion gas pipe is connected in the same direction as the symmetry line of the first supplementary combustion ignition chamber. The first supplementary combustion gas pipe is inserted into the first supplementary combustion ignition chamber for a certain length and then connected to it. The first supplementary combustion gas pipe is equipped with a first supplementary combustion gas electric valve to control the gas flow rate.

[0021] One end of the first supplementary combustion electric igniter is connected to the wall of the first supplementary combustion gas pipe via a wire, and the other end is equipped with at least one ignition probe. One end of the ignition probe is connected to the first supplementary combustion electric igniter via a wire, and the other end is not in contact with the opening of the first supplementary combustion gas pipe after it has been inserted into the first supplementary combustion ignition chamber for a certain length. The distance is suitable for generating an electric spark after being energized. The first supplementary combustion electric igniter is equipped with a low-voltage power supply.

[0022] The axis of the mth supplementary combustion branch circuit coincides with the mth isobaric line of the flue gas, and the mth supplementary combustion branch circuit is a connected circuit.

[0023] The axis of the mth afterburning nozzle is along the flue gas flow direction and perpendicular to the axis of the mth afterburning branch circuit, and is connected to the mth afterburning branch circuit; multiple mth afterburning nozzles are evenly arranged along the axis of the mth afterburning branch circuit.

[0024] The axis of the mth supplementary combustion mixing pipe is connected to the axis of the mth supplementary combustion branch pipe circuit, and the mth supplementary combustion mixing pipe and the mth supplementary combustion branch pipe circuit are connected in a continuous manner.

[0025] The symmetry line of the mth afterburning ignition chamber is connected in the same direction as the axis of the mth afterburning mixing pipe, and the mth afterburning ignition chamber and the mth afterburning mixing pipe are connected in a continuous manner.

[0026] The m-th afterburning ignition observation window is set on at least one side of the m-th afterburning ignition chamber, and the manner and number of its setting are based on the need to observe the ignition situation in the m-th afterburning ignition chamber.

[0027] The axis of the mth supplementary combustion air pipe is obliquely connected to the symmetry line of the mth supplementary combustion ignition chamber, and the mth supplementary combustion air pipe is obliquely connected to the mth supplementary combustion ignition chamber; the mth supplementary combustion air pipe is equipped with an mth supplementary combustion air electric valve to control the air flow rate.

[0028] The axis of the m-th supplementary combustion gas pipe is connected in the same direction as the symmetry line of the m-th supplementary combustion ignition chamber. The m-th supplementary combustion gas pipe is inserted into the m-th supplementary combustion ignition chamber for a certain length and then connected to it. The m-th supplementary combustion gas pipe is equipped with an m-th supplementary combustion gas electric valve to control the gas flow rate.

[0029] One end of the m-th supplementary combustion electric igniter is connected to the wall of the m-th supplementary combustion gas pipe via a wire, and the other end is equipped with at least one ignition probe. One end of the ignition probe is connected to the m-th supplementary combustion electric igniter via a wire, and the other end is not in contact with the opening of the m-th supplementary combustion gas pipe after it has been inserted into the m-th supplementary combustion ignition chamber for a certain length. The distance is suitable for generating an electric spark after being energized. The m-th supplementary combustion electric igniter is equipped with a low-voltage power supply.

[0030] Furthermore, the first isobaric line and the m-th isobaric line of the flue gas selected at the flue section are evenly distributed at that section; the pressure of the flue gas on the same isobaric line is the same; the positions of the first isobaric line and the m-th isobaric line of the flue gas are obtained through numerical simulation calculation.

[0031] Furthermore, the inner contour line of the flue section can be circular, square, or a multi-segment broken line.

[0032] Furthermore, the gas inside the m-th supplementary combustion gas pipe is a combustible gas, an atomized combustible gas-liquid mixture, an atomized combustible gas-powder mixture, or an atomized combustible gas-liquid-powder mixture.

[0033] Furthermore, a method for operating a system for internal combustion and external ignition of flue gas is characterized in that: the normal operating process of this system for internal combustion and external ignition of flue gas is as follows:

[0034] The flue gas first passes through the pre-combustion flue gas temperature and pressure measuring instrument 4 upstream of the pre-combustion device 2 to measure the pre-combustion flue gas temperature and pressure values. The pre-combustion flue gas temperature and pressure values ​​are then transmitted to the pre-combustion intelligent control system via a transmitter for backup.

[0035] When the flue gas passes through the combustion device 2, it is heated by the combustion device 2 and continues to flow downstream; the combustion observation video monitor 6 of the combustion nozzle records the combustion status of all nozzles in the combustion device 2 through the combustion observation window 3 of the combustion nozzle, and the video signal is transmitted to the combustion intelligent control system through the video signal line. The result is stored for later use after being analyzed and processed by AI technology.

[0036] After the flue gas is re-burned by the re-burning device 2, the temperature and pressure of the flue gas after re-burning are measured by the flue gas temperature and pressure measuring instrument 5. The temperature and pressure values ​​of the flue gas after re-burning are transmitted to the re-burning intelligent control system via the transmitter for backup.

[0037] The following data are transmitted to the intelligent combustion control system: pre-combustion flue gas temperature and pressure values, post-combustion flue gas temperature and pressure values, combustion status of all nozzles in combustion device 2 recorded by combustion observation video monitor 6 and stored in the intelligent combustion control system after AI analysis, ignition status of all combustion ignition chambers in combustion device 2 recorded by combustion ignition video monitor 7 and stored in the intelligent combustion control system after AI analysis, and a chain relationship is formed between the first combustion air electric valve 2-1-7, the first combustion electric igniter 2-1-8, the first combustion gas electric valve 2-1-10, the m-th combustion air electric valve 2-m-7, the m-th combustion electric igniter 2-m-8, and the m-th combustion gas electric valve 2-m-10. The control logic is executed by the algorithm in the intelligent combustion control system.

[0038] When the flue gas requires re-combustion, the process from ignition to normal operation of the re-combustion device 2 is as follows:

[0039] When the flue gas needs to be supplemented with combustion, the algorithm in the supplementation combustion intelligent control system issues a command to open the first supplementation air electric valve 2-1-7 and / or the mth supplementation air electric valve 2-m-7, and after 1~2 seconds;

[0040] The algorithm in the supplementary combustion intelligent control system issues instructions to open the first supplementary combustion electric igniter 2-1-8 and the first supplementary combustion gas electric valve 2-1-10 simultaneously, and / or the mth supplementary combustion electric igniter 2-m-8 and the mth supplementary combustion gas electric valve 2-m-10 simultaneously.

[0041] At this time, the mixture in the first ignition chamber 2-1-4 and / or the mth ignition chamber 2-m-5 can be observed to have been ignited in the first ignition chamber 2-1-4 and / or the mth ignition chamber 2-m-4. This ignition video information is recorded by the ignition video monitor 7 and then transmitted to the ignition intelligent control system for storage. The video information of the ignition status of all ignition chambers in the ignition device 2 is analyzed and processed by AI technology to obtain the value representing the ignition. After receiving this value, the algorithm in the ignition intelligent control system issues a command to shut down the first ignition electric igniter 2-1-8 and / or the mth ignition electric igniter 2-m-8.

[0042] At the same time, the algorithm in the supplementary combustion intelligent control system issues a command to increase the opening of the first supplementary combustion air electric valve 2-1-7 and the first supplementary combustion gas electric valve 2-1-10, and / or the mth supplementary combustion air electric valve 2-m-7 and the mth supplementary combustion gas electric valve 2-m-10, that is, to increase the flow rate.

[0043] At this time, the flow rate of the mixed gas entering the first afterburning ignition chamber 2-1-4 and / or the m-th afterburning ignition chamber 2-m-4 gradually increases. The flow ratio of air to fuel gas in the mixed gas is controlled by an algorithm, so that the flame flows forward with the flow of the mixed gas. The flame enters through the first afterburning mixing pipe 2-1-3 and the first afterburning branch pipe circuit 2-1-2 and exits from all the first afterburning nozzles 2-1-1, and / or enters through the m-th afterburning mixing pipe 2-m-3 and the m-th afterburning branch pipe circuit 2-m-2 and exits from all the m-th afterburning nozzles 2-m-1.

[0044] At this time, the combustion status of the gas mixture in all the combustion nozzles in the combustion observation window 3 of the combustion nozzle can be observed. This combustion status video information is recorded by the combustion observation video monitor 6 of the combustion nozzle and then transmitted to the combustion intelligent control system for storage. The result of the combustion status video information of all the gas mixture in the combustion nozzles in the combustion device 2 after being analyzed and processed by AI technology is the value representing the ignition. After receiving this value, the algorithm in the combustion intelligent control system issues an instruction to maintain the current opening degree of the first combustion air electric valve 2-1-7 and the first combustion gas electric valve 2-1-10, and / or the mth combustion air electric valve 2-m-7 and the mth combustion gas electric valve 2-m-10; then the combustion system is in normal operation.

[0045] The pre-combustion flue gas temperature and pressure values ​​and post-combustion flue gas temperature and pressure values, which are stored in the intelligent combustion control system, are analyzed and processed by AI technology as a reference for judging whether the combustion system is operating normally.

[0046] The working principle of the combustion supplementation device 2 to achieve more uniform and efficient combustion and heat transfer within the flue gas is as follows:

[0047] Because, firstly, the flue gas pressure is the same on the same isobar; secondly, the axis of the first supplementary combustion branch circuit 2-1-2 coincides with the first isobaric line 1-1 of the flue gas, and the first supplementary combustion branch circuit 2-1-2 is a connected circuit; the axis of the first supplementary combustion nozzle 2-1-1 is along the flue gas flow direction and perpendicular to the axis of the first supplementary combustion branch circuit 2-1-2, and is connected to the first supplementary combustion branch circuit 2-1-2, and / or the m-th supplementary combustion branch circuit 2-m-2. The axis coincides with the m-th isobaric line 1-m of the flue gas, and the m-th supplementary combustion branch circuit 2-m-2 is a continuous circuit; the axis of the m-th supplementary combustion nozzle 2-m-1 is along the flue gas flow direction and perpendicular to the axis of the m-th supplementary combustion branch circuit 2-m-2, and is connected to the m-th supplementary combustion branch circuit 2-m-2; therefore, the above arrangement can ensure that the pressure at each supplementary combustion nozzle is the same, thereby ensuring that the supplementary combustion mixture can reach all supplementary combustion nozzles evenly for combustion;

[0048] Firstly, the first isobaric line 1-1 and the m-th isobaric line 1-m of the flue gas selected at the flue section are evenly distributed at that section; secondly, multiple first supplementary combustion nozzles 2-1-1 are evenly arranged along the axis of the first supplementary combustion branch circuit 2-1-2, and / or multiple m-th supplementary combustion nozzles 2-m-1 are evenly arranged along the axis of the m-th supplementary combustion branch circuit 2-m-2; therefore, the above arrangement can ensure that the heat distribution of supplementary combustion on the flue section is relatively uniform.

[0049] In the afterburning device 2, the internal cross-sectional profile of all afterburning nozzles is a hyperbola. This structure not only improves the combustion efficiency of the gas mixture but also enhances the heat transfer efficiency of the flue gas after combustion. The lower part decreases in size, which increases the kinetic energy of the flue gas and improves the exhaust velocity; the upper part increases in size, gradually diffusing into the original flue gas, which reduces the exhaust resistance of the flue gas generated by afterburning.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and outstanding technical effects:

[0051] ① To achieve more uniform and efficient combustion and heat transfer within the flue gas;

[0052] ② It achieves a safer ignition method for supplementary combustion gas or atomized supplementary combustion liquid (or gas-powder) mixture outside the flue;

[0053] ③ It also enables more convenient monitoring of the afterburning combustion situation. Attached Figure Description

[0054] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a flue gas internal combustion supplementary combustion and external ignition system.

[0055] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a flue gas internal combustion supplementary combustion and external ignition device;

[0056] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the nozzle of an internal combustion and external ignition device for flue gas.

[0057] In the diagram: 3. Combustion observation window of the afterburning nozzle; 4. Flue gas temperature and pressure measuring instrument before afterburning; 5. Flue gas temperature and pressure measuring instrument after afterburning; 6. Combustion observation video monitor of the afterburning nozzle; 7. Afterburning ignition video monitor; 2. Afterburning device; 1-0. Inner contour line of flue section; 1-1. First isobaric line of flue gas; 1-m. Mth isobaric line of flue gas; 2-1-1. First afterburning nozzle; 2-1-2. First afterburning branch circuit; 2-1-3. First afterburning mixing pipe; 2-1-4. First afterburning ignition chamber; 2-1-5. First afterburning ignition observation window; 2-1-6. First afterburning air pipe; 2-1-7. 2-1-8 First supplementary combustion air electric valve; 2-1-9 First supplementary combustion gas pipe; 2-1-10 First supplementary combustion gas electric valve; 2-m-1, mth supplementary combustion nozzle; 2-m-2, mth supplementary combustion branch circuit; 2-m-3, mth supplementary combustion mixing pipe; 2-m-4, mth supplementary combustion ignition chamber; 2-m-5, mth supplementary combustion ignition observation window; 2-m-6, mth supplementary combustion air pipe; 2-m-7, mth supplementary combustion air electric valve; 2-m-8, mth supplementary combustion electric igniter; 2-m-9, mth supplementary combustion gas pipe; 2-m-10, mth supplementary combustion gas electric valve; where m is a natural number. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0059] like Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a flue gas internal combustion and external ignition system is shown. The flue gas first passes through the flue gas temperature and pressure measuring instrument 4 upstream of the combustion device 2 to measure the flue gas temperature and pressure values ​​before combustion. The flue gas temperature and pressure values ​​before combustion are transmitted to the combustion intelligent control system for backup via a transmitter.

[0060] When the flue gas passes through the combustion device 2, it is heated by the combustion device 2 and continues to flow downstream; the combustion observation video monitor 6 of the combustion nozzle records the combustion status of all nozzles in the combustion device 2 through the combustion observation window 3 of the combustion nozzle, and the video signal is transmitted to the combustion intelligent control system through the video signal line. The result is stored for later use after being analyzed and processed by AI technology.

[0061] After the flue gas is re-burned by the re-burning device 2, the temperature and pressure of the flue gas after re-burning are measured by the flue gas temperature and pressure measuring instrument 5. The temperature and pressure values ​​of the flue gas after re-burning are transmitted to the re-burning intelligent control system via the transmitter for backup.

[0062] The following data are transmitted to the intelligent combustion control system: pre-combustion flue gas temperature and pressure values, post-combustion flue gas temperature and pressure values, combustion status of all nozzles in combustion device 2 recorded by combustion observation video monitor 6 and stored in the intelligent combustion control system after AI analysis, ignition status of all combustion ignition chambers in combustion device 2 recorded by combustion ignition video monitor 7 and stored in the intelligent combustion control system after AI analysis, and a chain relationship is formed between the first combustion air electric valve 2-1-7, the first combustion electric igniter 2-1-8, the first combustion gas electric valve 2-1-10, the m-th combustion air electric valve 2-m-7, the m-th combustion electric igniter 2-m-8, and the m-th combustion gas electric valve 2-m-10. The control logic is executed by the algorithm in the intelligent combustion control system.

[0063] like Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a flue gas afterburning device is shown. When the flue gas needs to be afterburned, the algorithm in the afterburning intelligent control system issues a command to open the first afterburning air electric valve 2-1-7 and / or the mth afterburning air electric valve 2-m-7. After 1 to 2 seconds;

[0064] The algorithm in the supplementary combustion intelligent control system issues instructions to open the first supplementary combustion electric igniter 2-1-8 and the first supplementary combustion gas electric valve 2-1-10 simultaneously, and / or the mth supplementary combustion electric igniter 2-m-8 and the mth supplementary combustion gas electric valve 2-m-10 simultaneously.

[0065] At this time, the mixture in the first ignition chamber 2-1-4 and / or the mth ignition chamber 2-m-5 can be observed to have been ignited in the first ignition chamber 2-1-4 and / or the mth ignition chamber 2-m-4. This ignition video information is recorded by the ignition video monitor 7 and then transmitted to the ignition intelligent control system for storage. The video information of the ignition status of all ignition chambers in the ignition device 2 is analyzed and processed by AI technology to obtain the value representing the ignition. After receiving this value, the algorithm in the ignition intelligent control system issues a command to shut down the first ignition electric igniter 2-1-8 and / or the mth ignition electric igniter 2-m-8.

[0066] At the same time, the algorithm in the supplementary combustion intelligent control system issues a command to increase the opening of the first supplementary combustion air electric valve 2-1-7 and the first supplementary combustion gas electric valve 2-1-10, and / or the mth supplementary combustion air electric valve 2-m-7 and the mth supplementary combustion gas electric valve 2-m-10, that is, to increase the flow rate.

[0067] At this time, the flow rate of the mixed gas entering the first afterburning ignition chamber 2-1-4 and / or the m-th afterburning ignition chamber 2-m-4 gradually increases. The flow ratio of air to fuel gas in the mixed gas is controlled by an algorithm, so that the flame flows forward with the flow of the mixed gas. The flame enters through the first afterburning mixing pipe 2-1-3 and the first afterburning branch pipe circuit 2-1-2 and exits from all the first afterburning nozzles 2-1-1, and / or enters through the m-th afterburning mixing pipe 2-m-3 and the m-th afterburning branch pipe circuit 2-m-2 and exits from all the m-th afterburning nozzles 2-m-1.

[0068] At this time, the combustion status of the gas mixture in all the combustion nozzles in the combustion observation window 3 of the combustion nozzle can be observed. This combustion status video information is recorded by the combustion observation video monitor 6 of the combustion nozzle and then transmitted to the combustion intelligent control system for storage. The result of the combustion status video information of all the gas mixture in the combustion nozzles in the combustion device 2 after being analyzed and processed by AI technology is the value representing the ignition. After receiving this value, the algorithm in the combustion intelligent control system issues an instruction to maintain the current opening degree of the first combustion air electric valve 2-1-7 and the first combustion gas electric valve 2-1-10, and / or the mth combustion air electric valve 2-m-7 and the mth combustion gas electric valve 2-m-10; then the combustion system is in normal operation.

[0069] The pre-combustion flue gas temperature and pressure values ​​and post-combustion flue gas temperature and pressure values, which are stored in the intelligent combustion control system, are analyzed and processed by AI technology as a reference for judging whether the combustion system is operating normally.

[0070] As Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a flue gas internal combustion supplementary combustion and external ignition device is shown.

[0071] Because, firstly, the flue gas pressure is the same on the same isobar;

[0072] Secondly, the axis of the first supplementary combustion branch circuit 2-1-2 coincides with the first equal pressure line of flue gas 1-1, and the first supplementary combustion branch circuit 2-1-2 is a connected circuit; the axis of the first supplementary combustion nozzle 2-1-1 is along the flue gas flow direction and perpendicular to the axis of the first supplementary combustion branch circuit 2-1-2, and is connected to the first supplementary combustion branch circuit 2-1-2.

[0073] The axis of the m-th supplementary combustion branch circuit 2-m-2 coincides with the m-th isobaric line 1-m of the flue gas, and the m-th supplementary combustion branch circuit 2-m-2 is a connected circuit; the axis of the m-th supplementary combustion nozzle 2-m-1 is along the flue gas flow direction and perpendicular to the axis of the m-th supplementary combustion branch circuit 2-m-2, and is connected to the m-th supplementary combustion branch circuit 2-m-2.

[0074] Therefore, the above arrangement can ensure that the pressure at each afterburner nozzle is the same, thereby ensuring that the afterburner mixture can reach all afterburner nozzles evenly for combustion.

[0075] Firstly, the first isobaric line 1-1 to the m isobaric line 1-m of the flue gas selected at the flue section are evenly distributed at that section.

[0076] Secondly, multiple first afterburning nozzles 2-1-1 are evenly arranged along the axis of the first afterburning branch circuit 2-1-2;

[0077] And / or multiple m-th afterburning nozzles 2-m-1 are evenly arranged along the axis of the m-th afterburning branch circuit 2-m-2;

[0078] Therefore, the above arrangement can ensure that the heat distribution of the supplementary combustion on the flue cross section is relatively uniform.

[0079] like Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the nozzle structure of a flue gas afterburning device is shown. The internal cross-sectional profile of all afterburning nozzles in the afterburning device 2 is a hyperbola. This structure not only improves the combustion efficiency of the gas mixture but also enhances the heat transfer efficiency of the flue gas after combustion. The lower part decreases in size, increasing the kinetic energy of the flue gas and improving the exhaust velocity; the upper part increases in size, gradually diffusing into the original flue gas, reducing the exhaust resistance of the flue gas generated by afterburning.

[0080] The working principle of the combustion supplementation device 2 to achieve more uniform and efficient combustion and heat transfer within the flue gas is as follows:

[0081] Because, firstly, the flue gas pressure is the same on the same isobar; secondly, the axis of the first supplementary combustion branch circuit 2-1-2 coincides with the first isobaric line 1-1 of the flue gas, and the first supplementary combustion branch circuit 2-1-2 is a connected circuit; the axis of the first supplementary combustion nozzle 2-1-1 is along the flue gas flow direction and perpendicular to the axis of the first supplementary combustion branch circuit 2-1-2, and is connected to the first supplementary combustion branch circuit 2-1-2, and / or the m-th supplementary combustion branch circuit 2-m-2. The axis coincides with the m-th isobaric line 1-m of the flue gas, and the m-th supplementary combustion branch circuit 2-m-2 is a continuous circuit; the axis of the m-th supplementary combustion nozzle 2-m-1 is along the flue gas flow direction and perpendicular to the axis of the m-th supplementary combustion branch circuit 2-m-2, and is connected to the m-th supplementary combustion branch circuit 2-m-2; therefore, the above arrangement can ensure that the pressure at each supplementary combustion nozzle is the same, thereby ensuring that the supplementary combustion mixture can reach all supplementary combustion nozzles evenly for combustion;

[0082] Firstly, the first isobaric line 1-1 and the m-th isobaric line 1-m of the flue gas selected at the flue section are evenly distributed at that section; secondly, multiple first supplementary combustion nozzles 2-1-1 are evenly arranged along the axis of the first supplementary combustion branch circuit 2-1-2, and / or multiple m-th supplementary combustion nozzles 2-m-1 are evenly arranged along the axis of the m-th supplementary combustion branch circuit 2-m-2; therefore, the above arrangement can ensure that the heat distribution of supplementary combustion on the flue section is relatively uniform.

[0083] In the aforementioned afterburning device 2, the internal cross-sectional profile of all afterburning nozzles is a hyperbola. This structure not only improves the combustion efficiency of the gas mixture but also enhances the heat transfer efficiency of the flue gas after combustion. The lower part decreases in size, which increases the kinetic energy of the flue gas and improves the exhaust velocity; the upper part increases in size, gradually diffusing into the original flue gas, which reduces the exhaust resistance of the flue gas generated by afterburning.

[0084] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of one embodiment of the present invention, but this description is merely a preferred embodiment and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent variations, and alterations made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for internal combustion and external ignition of flue gas, characterized in that: It includes at least one afterburner (2), which is used for afterburning the exhaust gas generated by the gas turbine power generation; The flue section has a first isobaric line (1-1) and a m-th isobaric line (1-m); multiple first combustion nozzles (2-1-1) are uniformly arranged along the axis of the first combustion branch circuit (2-1-2), and / or multiple m-th combustion nozzles (2-m-1) are uniformly arranged along the axis of the m-th combustion branch circuit (2-m-2); The afterburning device (2) includes at least one first afterburning nozzle (2-1-1), a first afterburning branch circuit (2-1-2), a first afterburning mixing pipe (2-1-3), a first afterburning ignition chamber (2-1-4), a first afterburning ignition observation window (2-1-5), a first afterburning air pipe (2-1-6), a first afterburning air electric valve (2-1-7), a first afterburning electric igniter (2-1-8), a first afterburning gas pipe (2-1-9), a first afterburning gas electric valve (2-1-10), at least one m-th afterburning nozzle (2-m-1), a m-th afterburning branch circuit (2-m-2), and a m-th afterburning nozzle (2-m-1). The combustion device (2) comprises a combustion mixing pipe (2-m-3), a combustion ignition chamber (2-m-4), a combustion ignition observation window (2-m-5), a combustion air pipe (2-m-6), a combustion air electric valve (2-m-7), a combustion electric igniter (2-m-8), a combustion gas pipe (2-m-9), and a combustion gas electric valve (2-m-10); the combustion device (2) comprises m combustion branch circuits, a combustion mixing pipe, a combustion ignition chamber, a combustion air pipe, a combustion air electric valve, a combustion electric igniter, a combustion gas pipe, and a combustion gas electric valve; where m is a natural number; where m is a natural number; The axis of the first supplementary combustion branch circuit (2-1-2) coincides with the first equal pressure line of flue gas (1-1), and the first supplementary combustion branch circuit (2-1-2) is a connected circuit; The axis of the first afterburning nozzle (2-1-1) is along the flue gas flow direction and perpendicular to the axis of the first afterburning branch circuit (2-1-2), and is connected to the first afterburning branch circuit (2-1-2); multiple first afterburning nozzles (2-1-1) are evenly arranged along the axis of the first afterburning branch circuit (2-1-2); The axis of the first afterburning mixing pipe (2-1-3) is connected to the axis of the first afterburning branch pipe circuit (2-1-2), and the first afterburning mixing pipe (2-1-3) and the first afterburning branch pipe circuit (2-1-2) are connected in a continuous manner; The symmetry line of the first afterburning ignition chamber (2-1-4) is connected in the same direction as the axis of the first afterburning mixing pipe (2-1-3), and the first afterburning ignition chamber (2-1-4) and the first afterburning mixing pipe (2-1-3) are connected in a through manner; The first afterburning observation window (2-1-5) is set on at least one side of the first afterburning chamber (2-1-4), and the manner and number of its setting are based on the need to observe the ignition situation in the first afterburning chamber (2-1-4); The axis of the first afterburning air pipe (2-1-6) is obliquely connected to the symmetrical line of the first afterburning ignition chamber (2-1-4), and the first afterburning air pipe (2-1-6) and the first afterburning ignition chamber (2-1-4) are obliquely connected; the first afterburning air pipe (2-1-6) is provided with a first afterburning air electric valve (2-1-7) to control the air flow. The axis of the first supplementary combustion gas pipe (2-1-9) is connected in the same direction as the symmetry line of the first supplementary combustion ignition chamber (2-1-4). The first supplementary combustion gas pipe (2-1-9) is inserted into the first supplementary combustion ignition chamber (2-1-4) for a certain length and then connected to it. The first supplementary combustion gas pipe (2-1-9) is equipped with a first supplementary combustion gas electric valve (2-1-10) to control the gas flow rate. The first supplementary combustion electric igniter (2-1-8) is connected at one end to the wall of the first supplementary combustion gas pipe (2-1-9) via a wire, and at the other end is equipped with at least one ignition probe. One end of the ignition probe is connected to the first supplementary combustion electric igniter (2-1-8) via a wire, and the other end is not in contact with the opening of the first supplementary combustion gas pipe (2-1-9) after it has been inserted into the first supplementary combustion ignition chamber (2-1-4) for a certain length. The distance is suitable for generating an electric spark after being energized. The first supplementary combustion electric igniter (2-1-8) is equipped with a low-voltage power supply. The axis of the m-th supplementary combustion branch circuit (2-m-2) coincides with the m-th isobaric line (1-m) of the flue gas, and the m-th supplementary combustion branch circuit (2-m-2) is a connected circuit; The axis of the m-th afterburning nozzle (2-m-1) is along the flue gas flow direction and perpendicular to the axis of the m-th afterburning branch circuit (2-m-2), and is connected to the m-th afterburning branch circuit (2-m-2); multiple m-th afterburning nozzles (2-m-1) are evenly arranged along the axis of the m-th afterburning branch circuit (2-m-2); The axis of the m-th supplementary combustion mixing pipe (2-m-3) is connected to the axis of the m-th supplementary combustion branch pipe circuit (2-m-2), and the m-th supplementary combustion mixing pipe (2-m-3) and the m-th supplementary combustion branch pipe circuit (2-m-2) are connected in a continuous manner; The symmetry line of the m-th afterburning ignition chamber (2-m-4) is connected in the same direction as the axis of the m-th afterburning mixing pipe (2-m-3), and the m-th afterburning ignition chamber (2-m-4) and the m-th afterburning mixing pipe (2-m-3) are connected in a through manner. The m-th afterburning ignition observation window (2-m-5) is set on at least one side of the m-th afterburning ignition chamber (2-m-4), and the way and number of them are set are based on the need to observe the ignition situation in the m-th afterburning ignition chamber (2-m-4); The axis of the m-th supplementary combustion air pipe (2-m-6) is obliquely connected to the symmetry line of the m-th supplementary combustion ignition chamber (2-m-4), and the m-th supplementary combustion air pipe (2-m-6) and the m-th supplementary combustion ignition chamber (2-m-4) are obliquely connected; the m-th supplementary combustion air pipe (2-m-6) is equipped with an m-th supplementary combustion air electric valve (2-m-7) to control the air flow rate; The axis of the m-th supplementary combustion gas pipe (2-m-9) is connected in the same direction as the symmetry line of the m-th supplementary combustion ignition chamber (2-m-4). The m-th supplementary combustion gas pipe (2-m-9) is inserted into the m-th supplementary combustion ignition chamber (2-m-4) for a certain length and then connected to it. The m-th supplementary combustion gas pipe (2-m-9) is equipped with an m-th supplementary combustion gas electric valve (2-m-10) to control the gas flow rate. One end of the m-th supplementary combustion electric igniter (2-m-8) is connected to the wall of the m-th supplementary combustion gas pipe (2-m-9) via a wire, and the other end is equipped with at least one ignition probe. One end of the ignition probe is connected to the m-th supplementary combustion electric igniter (2-m-8) via a wire, and the other end is not in contact with the opening of the m-th supplementary combustion gas pipe (2-m-9) after it has been inserted into the m-th supplementary combustion ignition chamber (2-m-4) for a certain length. The distance is suitable for generating an electric spark after being energized. The m-th supplementary combustion electric igniter (2-m-8) is equipped with a low-voltage power supply.

2. A system for internal combustion and external ignition of flue gas, characterized in that: It includes at least one afterburning device (2), at least one afterburning ignition video monitor (7), at least one afterburning nozzle combustion observation window (3), at least one afterburning nozzle combustion observation video monitor (6), flue gas temperature and pressure measuring instrument before afterburning (4), and flue gas temperature and pressure measuring instrument after afterburning (5). Along the direction of the flue gas, at least one hole is opened on the flue wall downstream of the combustion device (2), and a combustion observation window (3) for the combustion nozzle is embedded in each hole; the combustion observation video monitor (6) for the combustion nozzle is arranged at a certain position outside the flue, and its position and number are determined so as to be able to observe the combustion of all combustion nozzles. An instrument for measuring the temperature and pressure of flue gas before combustion is arranged upstream of the combustion device (2), and its probe is inserted into the flue through the flue wall in the radial direction of the flue. A flue gas temperature and pressure measuring instrument (5) is arranged downstream of the combustion device (2). Its probe passes through the flue wall and is inserted into the flue along the radial direction of the flue. It can be arranged upstream or downstream of the combustion observation window (3) of the combustion nozzle. When it is arranged upstream of the combustion observation window (3) of the combustion nozzle, it should not affect the observation of the combustion of the combustion nozzle. The video monitor (7) for supplementary combustion is placed at a certain position outside the flue. The position and number of the monitor are determined so that the ignition situation inside the supplementary combustion chamber of all supplementary combustion devices can be observed. The combustion nozzle, combustion branch circuit and partial combustion mixing pipe in the combustion device (2) are arranged inside the flue. The combustion nozzle is distributed on the combustion branch circuit. The combustion branch circuit is connected to the partial combustion mixing pipe and connected to the inner wall of the flue through the support structure. The combustion mixing pipe in the combustion device passes through the flue wall in the radial direction of the flue.

3. A system for internal combustion and external ignition of flue gas according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that: The flue section has the first isobaric line (1-1) to the m isobaric line (1-m); the flue gas pressure is the same on the same isobaric line; the position of the first isobaric line (1-1) to the m isobaric line (1-m) is obtained by numerical simulation calculation.

4. A system for internal combustion and external ignition of flue gas according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that: The inner contour line (1-0) of the flue section can be circular, square, or multi-segment broken line.

5. A system for internal combustion and external ignition of flue gas according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that: The gas inside the m-th supplementary combustion gas pipe (2-m-9) is a combustible gas, an atomized combustible gas-liquid mixture, an atomized combustible gas-powder mixture, or an atomized combustible gas-liquid-powder mixture.

6. A system for internal combustion and external ignition of flue gas according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that: The internal cross-sectional profile of all the afterburning nozzles in the afterburning device (2) is a hyperbola; The axis of the first supplementary combustion branch circuit (2-1-2) coincides with the first isobaric line of the flue gas (1-1), and the first supplementary combustion branch circuit (2-1-2) is a connected circuit; the axis of the first supplementary combustion nozzle (2-1-1) is along the flue gas flow direction and perpendicular to the axis of the first supplementary combustion branch circuit (2-1-2), and is connected to the first supplementary combustion branch circuit (2-1-2); and / or the axis of the mth supplementary combustion branch circuit (2-m-2) coincides with the mth isobaric line of the flue gas (1-m), and the mth supplementary combustion branch circuit (2-m-2) is a connected circuit; the axis of the mth supplementary combustion nozzle (2-m-1) is along the flue gas flow direction and perpendicular to the axis of the mth supplementary combustion branch circuit (2-m-2), and is connected to the mth supplementary combustion branch circuit (2-m-2).

7. A system operating method for internal combustion and external ignition of flue gas, characterized in that: The normal operating process of this flue gas internal combustion and external ignition system is as follows: The flue gas first passes through the combustion device (2) and the flue gas temperature and pressure measuring instrument (4) upstream of the combustion device measures the flue gas temperature and pressure values ​​before combustion. The flue gas temperature and pressure values ​​before combustion are transmitted to the combustion intelligent control system via the transmitter for backup. When the flue gas passes through the combustion device (2), it continues to flow downstream after being heated by the combustion device (2); the combustion observation video monitor (6) of the combustion nozzle records the combustion status of all nozzles in the combustion device (2) through the combustion observation window (3), and the video signal is transmitted to the combustion intelligent control system through the video signal line. The result after AI technology analysis and processing is stored for later use. After the flue gas is re-burned by the re-burning device (2), the flue gas temperature and pressure are measured by the flue gas temperature and pressure measuring instrument (5). The flue gas temperature and pressure are transmitted to the re-burning intelligent control system via the transmitter for backup. The pre-combustion flue gas temperature and pressure values, post-combustion flue gas temperature and pressure values, combustion status of all nozzles in the combustion device (2) recorded by the combustion observation video monitor (6) stored in the combustion intelligent control system are analyzed and processed by AI technology. The ignition status of all combustion ignition chambers in the combustion device (2) recorded by the combustion ignition video monitor (7) stored in the combustion intelligent control system are analyzed and processed by AI technology. The first combustion air electric valve (2-1-7), the first combustion electric igniter (2-1-8), the first combustion gas electric valve (2-1-10), the mth combustion air electric valve (2-m-7), the mth combustion electric igniter (2-m-8), and the mth combustion gas electric valve (2-m-10) form a chain relationship, and the control logic is executed by the algorithm in the combustion intelligent control system.

8. A method for operating a system for internal combustion and external ignition of flue gas, characterized in that: The system for internal combustion and external ignition of flue gas includes a combustion device (2). When the flue gas needs to be re-ignited, the re-ignition device (2) goes through the following process from ignition to normal operation: When the flue gas needs to be supplemented for combustion, the algorithm in the supplementary combustion intelligent control system issues a command to open the first supplementary combustion air electric valve (2-1-7) and / or the mth supplementary combustion air electric valve (2-m-7), and after 1~2 seconds; The algorithm in the supplementary combustion intelligent control system issues instructions to simultaneously open the first supplementary combustion electric igniter (2-1-8) and the first supplementary combustion gas electric valve (2-1-10), and / or simultaneously open the m-th supplementary combustion electric igniter (2-m-8) and the m-th supplementary combustion gas electric valve (2-m-10); At this time, the mixture in the first ignition chamber (2-1-4) and / or the mth ignition chamber (2-m-5) can be observed to be ignited in the first ignition chamber (2-1-4) and / or the mth ignition chamber (2-m-4). This ignition video information is recorded by the ignition video monitor (7) and then transmitted to the ignition intelligent control system for storage. The video information of the ignition status of all ignition chambers in the ignition device (2) is analyzed and processed by AI technology to obtain the value representing the ignition. After receiving this value, the algorithm in the ignition intelligent control system issues an instruction to shut down the first ignition electric igniter (2-1-8) and / or the mth ignition electric igniter (2-m-8). At the same time, the algorithm in the supplementary combustion intelligent control system issues instructions to increase the opening of the first supplementary combustion air electric valve (2-1-7) and the first supplementary combustion gas electric valve (2-1-10), and / or the mth supplementary combustion air electric valve (2-m-7) and the mth supplementary combustion gas electric valve (2-m-10), that is, to increase the flow rate; At this time, the flow rate of the mixed gas entering the first afterburning ignition chamber (2-1-4) and / or the m-th afterburning ignition chamber (2-m-4) gradually increases. The flow ratio of air to fuel gas in the mixed gas is controlled by an algorithm, so that the flame moves forward with the flow of the mixed gas. The flame enters through the first afterburning mixing pipe (2-1-3) and the first afterburning branch pipe circuit (2-1-2) in sequence and is ejected from all the first afterburning nozzles (2-1-1), and / or enters through the m-th afterburning mixing pipe (2-m-3) and the m-th afterburning branch pipe circuit (2-m-2) in sequence and is ejected from all the m-th afterburning nozzles (2-m-1). At this time, the combustion status of the mixture of all the combustion nozzles in the combustion observation window (3) of the combustion nozzle can be observed. This combustion status video information is recorded by the combustion observation video monitor (6) of the combustion nozzle and then transmitted to the combustion intelligent control system for storage. The result of the combustion status video information of all the combustion nozzles in the combustion device (2) after being analyzed and processed by AI technology is the value representing the ignition of the combustion nozzle. After receiving this value, the algorithm in the combustion intelligent control system issues an instruction to maintain the current opening degree of the first combustion air electric valve (2-1-7) and the first combustion gas electric valve (2-1-10), and / or the mth combustion air electric valve (2-m-7) and the mth combustion gas electric valve (2-m-10); then the combustion system is in normal operation. The pre-combustion flue gas temperature and pressure values ​​and post-combustion flue gas temperature and pressure values, which are stored in the intelligent combustion control system, are analyzed and processed by AI technology as a reference for judging whether the combustion system is operating normally.

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