A method and device for detecting the width of a T-shaped electron beam weld

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of detection method and device of T type electron beam weld joint melt width, the method includes: by ultrasonic scanning detection system to the preset contrast test block is detected to determine weld joint fusion boundary, wherein, contrast test block and the product parameter of product to be measured and weld joint parameter are all same;Through ultrasonic scanning detection system, the first scanning signal corresponding to the product to be measured is collected, and the weld joint surface reflection wave first scanning image is generated according to the first scanning signal, wherein, the first scanning signal includes each weld joint surface reflection wave signal;According to the first scanning image, each reflection wave signal in the first scanning signal is normalized to obtain the second scanning signal, and the second scanning image is generated according to the second scanning signal.The application solves the technical problem that the melt width of T type electron beam weld joint in prior art cannot meet actual demand.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ultrasonic detection, and particularly relates to a detection method and device for T-shaped electron beam weld seam width. BACKGROUND

[0002] The rotor assembly is a rotary body structure, the horizontal plate is a whole-circle girdle, the vertical plate is a blade on the rotary body, and the girdle and the blade are connected through a T-shaped electron beam weld seam. Since the rotor assembly needs to rotate at high speed during work, the connection strength of the weld seam is very important, and the main index for detecting the connection strength of the weld seam is the fusion width (referred to as the width) of the weld seam. Specifically, a structure diagram of the rotor assembly is shown in FIG. Figure 1

[0003] At present, the fusion width of the weld seam can be detected by using, for example, X-rays. However, since the rotor assembly is a rotary body structure, the X-rays can only be perpendicular to the surface of the weld seam for perspective, and cannot penetrate the weld seam due to the thickness and structure of the rotor assembly, and parallel to the weld seam for perspective cannot display the fusion area, so the width of the T-shaped electron beam weld seam of the rotor assembly cannot be detected. In addition, the horizontal plate of the T-shaped electron beam weld seam of the rotor assembly is a ring-shaped girdle with a thickness of only 1 mm, the vertical plate is a blade, and there are 53 weld seams on the whole product, the weld seam width is narrow, the number is large, and a high-precision and rapid detection method is needed. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem solved by the present application is that the detection of the width of the T-shaped electron beam weld seam in the prior art cannot meet the actual needs. The present application provides a detection method and device for the width of the T-shaped electron beam weld seam. In the scheme provided in the present application, the electron beam weld seam of the product to be detected is automatically detected by means of an ultrasonic scanning detection system, and a plurality of weld seams can be detected at one time. In addition, the normalized processing of the reflection wave signals according to the scanning image obtains a processed scanning image, that is, the scheme provided in the present application uses surface reflection wave monitoring technology to monitor the change of the weld seam surface morphology and compensates the incident sound wave energy according to the change of the morphology, so that the sound wave energy reaching the weld seam fusion surface is uniform, thereby eliminating the influence of the change of the surface morphology on the detection result, and realizing the accurate measurement of the width of the weld seam.

[0005] ​In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a method for detecting the width of a T-shaped electron beam weld, which comprises: detecting a preset comparison test block by an ultrasonic scanning detection system to determine a weld fusion boundary, wherein the comparison test block has the same product parameters and weld parameters as a product to be detected; collecting a first scanning signal corresponding to the product to be detected by the ultrasonic scanning detection system, and generating a first scanning image of weld surface reflection waves according to the first scanning signal, wherein the first scanning signal comprises reflection wave signals of each weld surface; performing normalization processing on each reflection wave signal in the first scanning signal according to the first scanning image to obtain a second scanning signal, and generating a second scanning image according to the second scanning signal; and measuring the weld width according to the weld boundary parameters and the second scanning image.

[0006] Optionally, the step of detecting the weld boundary of the preset comparison test block by the ultrasonic scanning detection system comprises: placing an ultrasonic probe in the ultrasonic scanning detection system vertically on the weld of the comparison test block, and vertically incidenting ultrasonic waves on the weld surface of the comparison test block; adjusting the ultrasonic wave parameters to collect weld surface reflection wave signals of a specified groove width on the comparison test block, and generating a third scanning image according to the weld surface reflection wave signals of the specified groove width; and analyzing the third scanning image to determine the weld fusion boundary.

[0007] Optionally, the step of analyzing the third scanning image to determine the weld fusion boundary comprises: analyzing the third scanning image to determine the height of the reflection waves; and taking the product of the height of the reflection waves and a specified proportion as the weld fusion boundary.

[0008] Optionally, the step of collecting the first scanning signal corresponding to the product to be detected by the ultrasonic scanning detection system comprises: placing an ultrasonic probe in the ultrasonic scanning detection system vertically on the weld of the product to be detected, and vertically incidenting ultrasonic waves on the weld surface of the product to be detected; and collecting weld surface reflection wave signals and transverse plate bottom surface reflection wave signals of the product to be detected to obtain the first scanning signal.

[0009] Optionally, the comparison test block is provided with welds of multiple groove widths of 0 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.6 mm and 0.8 mm; and the specified weld is a weld of a groove width of 0.4 mm.

[0010] Optionally, the normalization processing of each reflected wave signal in the first scanning signal according to the first scanning image to obtain a second scanning signal comprises: determining scanning data of the first scanning signal according to the first scanning image, generating feature information of a weld surface reflected wave based on the scanning data, wherein the feature information comprises amplitude information and position information of the reflected wave of each point on the weld surface; comparing and calculating the feature information of the reflected wave corresponding to each point with a specified value to obtain a relative gain value, and obtaining the second scanning signal according to the relative gain value of each point.

[0011] Optionally, the second scanning image is generated according to the second scanning signal, comprising: gain calculating the reflected wave height corresponding to each point according to the relative gain value of each point in the second scanning signal to obtain normalized reflected wave feature information; and generating the second scanning image according to the normalized reflected wave feature information.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the scheme provided by the embodiment of the application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0013] In the scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the electron beam weld of the product to be measured is automatically detected by means of the ultrasonic scanning detection system, and a plurality of welds can be detected at one time. In addition, the normalized processing of each reflected wave signal according to the scanning image to obtain the processed scanning image, that is, the scheme provided by the embodiment of the application adopts the surface reflected wave monitoring technology to monitor the change of the weld surface topography and compensates the incident sound wave energy according to the topography change, so that the sound wave energy reaching the weld fusion surface is uniform, thereby eliminating the influence of the surface topography change on the detection result and realizing the accurate measurement of the weld width. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 A structure schematic diagram of a rotor assembly provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0015] Figure 2 A flowchart of a T-shaped electron beam weld width detection method provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0016] Figure 3 A structure schematic diagram of a contrast block provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0017] Figure 4 A structure schematic diagram of a product to be measured provided by the embodiment of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The embodiments described in the schemes provided in the present application are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0019] In order to better understand the above technical solutions, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application and the specific features in the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of the present application, rather than limitations of the technical solutions of the present application. In the case of no conflict, the technical features in the embodiments of the present application and the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0020] The embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the accompanying drawings of the specification. The specific implementation manner of the method can include the following steps (the method flow is shown in Figure 2

[0021] Step 201, detecting a preset contrast test block by an ultrasonic scanning detection system to determine a weld fusion boundary, wherein the product parameters and the weld parameters of the contrast test block and the product to be measured are all the same.

[0022] Specifically, in the schemes provided in the embodiments of the present application, the ultrasonic scanning detection system is, for example, a water immersion ultrasonic C scanning detection system, which is composed of an ultrasonic probe, an ultrasonic flaw detector, a scanning imaging system (for example, an A / B / C scanning imaging system), a single-chip microcomputer control, and a computer system general control platform. The computer first sends a control signal to the single-chip microcomputer, and then transmits the signal to the scanning mechanism. The scanning mechanism drags the ultrasonic probe to scan in the water tank, while the ultrasonic flaw detector transmits the detection signal measured by the probe to the computer in real time. The computer forms a scanning image by comprehensively combining the position of the probe and the measured detection signal.

[0023] As an example, the detection of the preset contrast test block by the ultrasonic scanning detection system to determine the weld boundary includes: placing the ultrasonic probe in the ultrasonic scanning detection system at the weld of the contrast test block vertically, and vertically incidenting ultrasonic waves on the weld surface of the contrast test block; adjusting the ultrasonic wave parameters to collect the weld surface reflection wave signal of a specified groove width on the contrast test block, generating a third scanning image according to the weld surface reflection wave signal of the specified groove width; and analyzing the third scanning image to determine the weld fusion boundary. It should be understood that the welds mentioned in the context of the embodiments of the present application are all electron beam welds.

[0024] ​The control block is made of the same material and thickness as the product under test, and is electron beam welded with the same welding parameters. For example, control block 12 has 5 electron beam welds. After welding, flat-bottomed grooves are machined at the weld fusion surface, with the widths of each groove being 0mm, 0.2mm, 0.4mm, 0.6mm, and 0.8mm, respectively.

[0025] As another example, analyzing the third scan image to determine the weld fusion boundary includes: analyzing the third scan image to determine the height of the reflected wave; and multiplying the height of the reflected wave by a specified ratio to obtain the weld fusion boundary. For example, the comparison test block has welds with groove widths of 0mm, 0.2mm, 0.4mm, 0.6mm, and 0.8mm; wherein, the specified weld is a weld with a groove width of 0.4mm. When testing the test block, the testing parameters are adjusted according to the test results so that the 0.4mm wide groove can be detected, and the fusion surface boundary is determined on the generated scan image, so that the difference between the ultrasonically measured fusion width and the groove width is less than 0.1mm.

[0026] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a comparative block provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0027] As an example, in Figure 3 In this process, the comparison block includes the weld band, substrate, and weld seam. For example, the comparison block is 40mm long and 9mm wide. The weld fusion boundary is determined by inspecting the comparison block using an ultrasonic scanning detection system. For example, the test block is inspected, and the detection parameters are adjusted based on the results to detect a 0.4mm wide groove. The fusion surface boundary is then determined on the generated scan image, ensuring that the difference between the ultrasonically measured weld width and the groove width is less than 0.1mm.

[0028] Step 202: Acquire the first scan signal corresponding to the product under test through the ultrasonic scanning detection system, and generate a first scan image of the reflected wave of the weld surface based on the first scan signal, wherein the first scan signal includes the reflected wave signal of each weld surface.

[0029] As an example, the first scanning signal corresponding to the product under test is acquired by an ultrasonic scanning detection system, including: placing the ultrasonic probe in the ultrasonic scanning detection system at the weld seam of the product under test perpendicular to the weld seam surface of the product under test, and incident ultrasonic waves perpendicular to the weld seam surface of the product under test; acquiring the reflected wave signals from the weld seam surface of the product under test and the reflected wave signals from the bottom surface of the horizontal plate to obtain the first scanning signal.

[0030] Specifically, the product to be tested (e.g., a rotor assembly) is mounted on a testing fixture, which clamps the product to ensure it does not wobble when rotating within the testing equipment. The coaxiality between the product's axis and the equipment's turntable axis is less than 0.01 mm. The ultrasonic probe in the ultrasonic scanning testing system is positioned perpendicular to the weld surface, with the ultrasonic waves incident perpendicularly to the weld surface. Two gates are set: one to collect the reflected wave signal from the weld surface and the other to collect the reflected wave signal from the bottom surface of the transverse plate. For example, a full-wave A-scan signal is recorded, and a C-scan image is generated based on the full-wave A-scan signal.

[0031] Figure 4 This document presents a schematic diagram of the structure of a product under test provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0032] As an example, in Figure 4 In this embodiment, the product to be tested includes a horizontal plate and a vertical plate perpendicular to the horizontal plate, with a T-shaped electron beam weld seam perpendicular to the horizontal plate. The purpose of this application is to accurately measure the weld width of the T-shaped electron beam weld seam. Additionally, in... Figure 1 The provided device should also include a testing fixture for fixing the comparison block or the product to be tested. For example, when testing the product to be tested, the product is mounted on the testing fixture, which holds the product in place to ensure that the product does not wobble when rotating in the testing equipment, and the coaxiality between the product axis and the equipment turntable axis is less than 0.01mm.

[0033] Step 203: Normalize each reflected wave signal in the first scan signal according to the first scan image to obtain a second scan signal, generate a second scan image according to the second scan signal, and measure the weld width according to the weld boundary parameters and the second scan image.

[0034] As an example, the second scan signal is obtained by normalizing each reflected wave signal in the first scan signal according to the first scan image, including: determining the scan data of the first scan signal on the first scan image, generating feature information of the reflected wave on the weld surface based on the scan data, wherein the feature information includes the amplitude information and position information of the reflected wave at each point on the weld surface; comparing the feature information of the reflected wave corresponding to each point with a specified value to calculate a relative gain value, and obtaining the second scan signal according to the relative gain value of each point.

[0035] As another example, generating a second scan image based on a second scan signal includes: calculating the gain of the corresponding reflected wave height based on the relative gain value of each point in the second scan signal to obtain normalized reflected wave feature information; and generating the second scan image based on the normalized reflected wave feature information.

[0036] Specifically, the weld surface reflection wave scanning image is analyzed, the case that the incident wave energy changes due to the weld surface topography change and thus affects the bottom surface reflection wave change is analyzed, the surface reflection wave energy of each position is normalized, the same processing rule is used to process the transverse plate bottom surface reflection wave signal, so that the influence of the weld surface topography is eliminated. The weld scanning image is generated according to the processed scanning signal. Further, the detected scanning signal output generates the weld surface reflection wave characteristic information of the weld area, and the characteristic information includes the reflection wave amplitude information and the position information of each point. For example, if the weld surface topography has no concave-convex change, the reflection wave height is expected to be 100%, due to the surface topography change, the reflection wave height will change, the reflection wave height of each position is compared with 100% to calculate the relative gain value.

[0037] Further, the scanning signal output generates the reflection wave characteristic information of the weld area fusion surface, the relative gain value obtained by the surface wave normalization is used to calculate the gain of the reflection wave height corresponding to each position in the data, the reflection wave characteristic information of the fusion surface after the surface wave normalization is obtained, and the processed scanning image (equivalent to the second scanning image) is generated according to the data. Then, the weld fusion width is measured on the processed scanning image, and the weld boundary is determined according to the contrast block detection result. For the T-shaped electron beam weld, the reflection wave height of 10% is used as the weld boundary, and the length of the vertical line between the two boundaries is the weld fusion width.

[0038] In addition, in the scheme provided in the embodiment of the present application, when the weld fusion width on the contrast block and the product to be detected is detected by the ultrasonic scanning detection system 11, the ultrasonic probe in the ultrasonic scanning detection system 11 needs to be perpendicular to the weld surface, the sound wave is incident perpendicular to the weld surface, two gates are set, one acquires the weld surface echo signal, and the other acquires the transverse plate bottom surface echo signal, records the scanning signal (for example, full wave A scanning signal), and generates a scanning image (for example, C scanning image) based on the scanning signal. Then, the scanning image is analyzed to determine the weld parameters (for example, weld fusion boundary, weld fusion width).

[0039] In the scheme provided in the embodiment of the present application, the electron beam weld of the product to be detected is automatically detected by the ultrasonic scanning detection system, and multiple welds can be detected at one time. In addition, the normalized processing of the scanning signal according to the scanning image obtains the processed scanning image, that is, the scheme provided in the embodiment of the present application uses the surface reflection wave monitoring technology to monitor the change of the weld surface topography and compensates the incident sound wave energy according to the topography change, so that the sound wave energy reaching the weld fusion surface is uniform, and the influence of the surface topography change on the detection result is eliminated, and the accurate measurement of the weld fusion width is realized.

[0040] Obviously, many modifications and variations of the present application are possible in light of the above teachings. It is, therefore, to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents, the application can be practiced otherwise than as specifically described.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the weld width of a T-type electron beam weld, characterized in that, include: The weld fusion boundary is determined by testing a preset comparison test block using an ultrasonic scanning detection system. The comparison test block has the same product parameters and weld parameters as the product to be tested. The ultrasonic scanning detection system acquires the first scanning signal corresponding to the product under test, and generates a first scanning image of the reflected wave of the weld surface based on the first scanning signal. The first scanning signal includes the reflected wave signal of each weld surface. The second scan signal is obtained by normalizing each reflected wave signal in the first scan signal based on the first scan image, and a second scan image is generated based on the second scan signal; the weld width is measured based on the weld fusion boundary and the second scan image. Furthermore, the weld boundary is determined by inspecting a pre-set comparison test block using an ultrasonic scanning detection system, including: The ultrasonic probe in the ultrasonic scanning detection system is placed at the weld of the vertical comparison test block, and ultrasonic waves are incident perpendicular to the weld surface of the comparison test block. Adjust the ultrasonic parameters to acquire the weld surface reflected wave signal of a specified groove width on the comparison test block, and generate a third scanning image based on the weld surface reflected wave signal of the specified groove width; The weld fusion boundary was determined by analyzing the third scan image; Furthermore, the first scan signal corresponding to the product under test is acquired through an ultrasonic scanning detection system, including: In the ultrasonic scanning inspection system, the ultrasonic probe is placed at the weld seam of the product to be tested, and ultrasonic waves are incident perpendicular to the weld seam surface of the product to be tested. The first scanning signal is obtained by collecting the reflected wave signals from the surface of each weld seam of the product under test and the reflected wave signal from the bottom surface of the horizontal plate. Furthermore, a second scanning signal is obtained by normalizing each reflected wave signal in the first scanning signal based on the first scanning image, including: Based on the scanning data of the first scanning signal determined from the first scanning image, feature information of the reflected wave on the weld surface is generated based on the scanning data, wherein the feature information includes the amplitude information and position information of the reflected wave at each point on the weld surface; The characteristic information of the reflected wave corresponding to each point is compared with a specified value to calculate the relative gain value, and the second scanning signal is obtained based on the relative gain value of each point.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The analysis of the third scan image determines the weld fusion boundary, including: The height of the reflected wave is determined by analyzing the third scan image; The height of the reflected wave multiplied by a specified ratio is taken as the weld fusion boundary.

3. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The comparative test block is equipped with welds with groove widths of 0mm, 0.2mm, 0.4mm, 0.6mm and 0.8mm; among which, the specified weld is the weld with a groove width of 0.4mm.

4. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Generating a second scan image based on a second scan signal includes: Based on the relative gain value of each point in the second scanning signal, the corresponding reflected wave height is calculated to obtain normalized reflected wave characteristic information. The second scan image is generated based on the normalized reflected wave feature information.

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