Jet ignition combustion device of high efficiency engine for gantry

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of efflux ignition combustion device of high-efficiency engine for gantry, including spark plug, precombustion chamber injector, precombustion chamber suspension storehouse and precombustion chamber extension body;The upper portion of the precombustion chamber suspension storehouse is provided with spark plug mounting hole and precombustion chamber injector mounting hole, spark plug is arranged in spark plug mounting hole, precombustion chamber injector is arranged in precombustion chamber injector mounting hole, the lower portion of precombustion chamber suspension storehouse is provided with precombustion chamber extension body mounting hole, precombustion chamber extension body is arranged in precombustion chamber extension body mounting hole, precombustion chamber extension body is provided with inner cavity for precombustion chamber combustion, inner cavity bottom end is provided with the injection hole for being connected with engine main combustion chamber, and heat sink water jacket structure is arranged outside precombustion chamber suspension storehouse. Its heat dissipation effect is good, and can promote combustion speed and thermal efficiency;It can solve the problem of overheating in the combustion process caused by the hypertrophy of active precombustion chamber in the existing test process, and then form surface ignition and knock problem.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of automobile engine test, in particular to a jet flow ignition combustion device of high-efficiency engine for test bench. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, environmental problems are increasingly prominent, and oil consumption and emission regulations are increasingly stringent, which puts forward higher requirements on the oil consumption level of automobiles. In order to further improve the economy of traditional fuel vehicles and improve the competitiveness of internal combustion engines as power systems, the thermal efficiency of internal combustion engines needs to be further improved. Lean combustion can further improve the thermal efficiency of internal combustion engines. In order to achieve lean combustion, the ignition energy needs to be continuously improved, and jet flow ignition is an effective ignition technology to realize lean combustion of internal combustion engines.

[0003] Jet flow ignition is divided into active ignition and passive ignition. Active ignition refers to the use of auxiliary fuel in the jet flow chamber to further improve the concentration of the mixture in the jet flow chamber and improve the energy density in the jet flow chamber, so that more dilute mixture can be ignited. Passive ignition refers to the use of auxiliary fuel in the jet flow chamber to further improve the concentration of the mixture in the jet flow chamber and improve the energy density in the jet flow chamber, so that more dilute mixture can be ignited. Passive ignition refers to that the mixture in the jet flow chamber is not actively enriched by auxiliary fuel, and the air-fuel ratio of the mixture in the jet flow chamber is consistent with that in the main combustion chamber. When active jet flow ignition is used, the active pre-chamber is large in volume due to the arrangement of the oil injector and the spark plug, and the wall thickness of the designed engine body is large, which leads to poor heat dissipation of the pre-chamber body during the test, resulting in serious surface ignition. How to realize better combustion organization based on active jet flow ignition through the design of the combustion system to expand the adaptive range of active jet flow ignition is a problem in the field. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present application provides a jet flow ignition combustion device of high-efficiency engine for test bench, which has good heat dissipation effect and can improve the combustion speed and thermal efficiency.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0006] The jet flow ignition combustion device of high-efficiency engine for test bench is arranged on the engine cylinder head, and comprises a spark plug, a pre-chamber injector, a pre-chamber suspension bin and a pre-chamber extension body. The upper part of the pre-chamber suspension bin is provided with a spark plug mounting hole and a pre-chamber injector mounting hole, the spark plug is arranged in the spark plug mounting hole, and the pre-chamber injector is arranged in the pre-chamber injector mounting hole. The lower part of the pre-chamber suspension bin is provided with a pre-chamber extension body mounting hole, the pre-chamber extension body is arranged in the pre-chamber extension body mounting hole, the pre-chamber extension body is provided with an inner cavity body for pre-chamber combustion, the inner cavity body is provided with a jet hole for communicating with the engine main combustion chamber, and a heat dissipation water jacket structure is arranged outside the pre-chamber suspension bin.

[0007] Further:

[0008] The precombustion chamber suspension bin is arranged at the middle position of the engine intake valve and exhaust valve.

[0009] The lower end of the precombustion chamber injector is provided with a directional injection hole, and an oil injector driving module is arranged on the side of the precombustion chamber injector.

[0010] The heat dissipation water jacket structure is arranged at the middle and lower part of the precombustion chamber suspension bin.

[0011] The heat dissipation water jacket structure comprises a ring-shaped water jacket and a cover plate, the ring-shaped water jacket is sleeved outside the precombustion chamber suspension bin, and the cover plate is arranged outside the ring-shaped water jacket.

[0012] The inner cavity of the precombustion chamber extension body is a smooth semicircular cavity at the lower end, and the injection hole is a group arranged on the semicircular top surface.

[0013] The inner cavity is a precombustion chamber cavity, and the volume ratio of the precombustion chamber cavity to the main combustion chamber of the engine is less than 4%.

[0014] The top of the ring-shaped water jacket is provided with a water inlet hole and a water return hole.

[0015] The angle of the injection hole is the included angle between the center line of the injection hole and the center line of the cylinder hole, and the included angle ranges from 45 to 70 degrees.

[0016] The diameter of the injection hole is ≤2mm, and the number of injection holes is 4-6.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0018] The jet flow ignition and combustion device of the high-efficiency engine for the test bench has reasonable design, generates flame jet flow through precombustion chamber ignition, forms distributed high-temperature environment in the main combustion chamber, and realizes diffusion combustion in the main combustion chamber; compared with the premixed combustion / partial premixed combustion system of the traditional spark-ignition engine, abnormal combustion such as knock combustion is inhibited, and the compression ratio of the engine can be increased to achieve higher thermal efficiency; and the heat dissipation effect is good, and can solve the overheating in the combustion process caused by the thickening of the active precombustion chamber in the existing test process, and further form surface ignition and knock problems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] The content expressed by each figure in the present specification and the marks in the figures are briefly described as follows:

[0020] Figure 1 It is an application installation schematic diagram of the device of the present application.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a sectional view schematic diagram of the device of the present application.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pre-combustion chamber suspension of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pre-combustion chamber suspension of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0024] In the picture:

[0025] 1. Spark plug; 2. Pre-combustion chamber injector; 3. Pre-combustion chamber suspension; 3.1. Injector mounting hole; 3.2. Pre-combustion chamber extension mounting hole; 3.3. Pre-combustion chamber suspension internal water jacket; 3.4. Water jacket sealing plate; 3.5. Water inlet; 3.6. Water return hole; 4. Pre-combustion chamber extension; 4.1. Inner cavity; 4.2. Mounting groove; 4.3. Mounting tool groove; 4.4. Injection hole; 5. Main combustion chamber; 6. Piston. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through the description of the examples.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the jet ignition combustion device for the high-efficiency engine on this test bench is mounted on the engine cylinder head. The jet ignition combustion device includes a spark plug 1, a pre-combustion chamber injector 2, a pre-combustion chamber suspension 3, and a pre-combustion chamber extension 4. The upper part of the pre-combustion chamber suspension is provided with a spark plug mounting hole and a pre-combustion chamber injector mounting hole 3.1. The spark plug is installed in the spark plug mounting hole, and the pre-combustion chamber injector is installed in the pre-combustion chamber injector mounting hole. The lower part of the pre-combustion chamber suspension is provided with a pre-combustion chamber extension mounting hole 3.2. The pre-combustion chamber extension is installed in the pre-combustion chamber extension mounting hole. The pre-combustion chamber extension is provided with an inner cavity 4.1 for pre-combustion chamber combustion. The bottom end of the inner cavity is provided with an injection hole 4.4 for communicating with the main combustion chamber of the engine. A cooling water jacket structure is provided outside the pre-combustion chamber suspension.

[0028] The pre-combustion chamber is positioned between the engine intake and exhaust valves. A cooling water jacket structure is located in the lower middle part of the pre-combustion chamber. The cooling water jacket structure includes an annular water jacket and a cover plate. The annular water jacket is fitted over the outside of the pre-combustion chamber, and the cover plate is located outside the annular water jacket. The annular water jacket is embedded in the pre-combustion chamber, forming an internal water jacket 3.3, and the cover plate is a water jacket sealing plate 3.4. The top of the annular water jacket has an inlet hole 3.5 and a return hole 3.6. This reduces the temperature of the entire active pre-combustion chamber, effectively suppressing the risk of surface ignition caused by combustion hotspots.

[0029] The jet flow ignition combustion device of the high-efficiency engine for a test bench has reasonable design, a flame jet is generated by ignition of a precombustion chamber, a distributed high-temperature environment is formed in a main combustion chamber, and diffusion combustion in the main combustion chamber is realized; compared with a premixed combustion / partial premixed combustion system of a traditional spark-ignition engine, abnormal combustion such as knocking is inhibited, and the compression ratio of the engine can be increased to achieve higher thermal efficiency; and the heat dissipation effect is good, and the overheating in the combustion process caused by thickening of the active precombustion chamber in the existing test process can be solved, and surface ignition and knocking problems are further formed.

[0030] The application discloses an active jet precombustion ignition device of a jet flow ignition combustion system for a test bench.

[0031] The oil inlet hole is connected with a high-pressure oil supply system of the test bench to ensure that the active precombustion chamber is supplied with required fuel; a directional injection hole is arranged at the front end of the oil injector to provide quantitative fuel for the active precombustion chamber and ensure that a relatively dense mixture is formed around the spark plug; and an oil injector driving module is arranged at the side of the oil injector to drive the oil injector to open and close according to an oil injection strategy.

[0032] The precombustion chamber suspension cage 3 is a key part connecting the upper part and the lower part, and is provided with an oil injector mounting hole, a spark plug mounting hole and a precombustion chamber extension body mounting hole; in addition, a cooling circulating water jacket for improving excessive heating caused by combustion during the test process of the whole active precombustion chamber is arranged at the middle and lower parts of the precombustion chamber suspension cage; the middle and lower parts of the precombustion chamber suspension cage are in contact with the wall surface of the main combustion chamber, so that the combustion temperature of the main combustion chamber is transmitted to the wall surface of the suspension cage body, and the cooling water jacket is prearranged in the precombustion chamber suspension cage, so that the temperature of the active precombustion chamber can be quickly taken away by circulating water, so that the temperature of the surrounding area is greatly improved, the temperature of the whole active precombustion chamber is reduced, and the risk of surface ignition caused by combustion hot spots is effectively inhibited.

[0033] The precombustion chamber extension body is provided with an inner cavity for precombustion chamber combustion, and the inner cavity is a cavity for setting the oil sprayer on the precombustion chamber, and after the directional and quantitative fuel is sprayed, the cavity is used for mixing with gas and then igniting the preliminary combustion through the spark plug. The inner cavity is a cavity with smooth surface and semicircular top surface, and the semicircular cavity is provided with a spray hole communicated with the main combustion chamber. Further, the spray hole of the precombustion chamber is used to make the combustible mixture in the precombustion chamber be ignited by the spark plug, and the flame can accelerate through the spray hole, and then the spray hole angle is set according to the established spray hole angle, and the spray hole angle is the included angle between the center line of the spray hole and the center line of the cylinder hole, and the range is between 45-70°, the spray hole diameter of the semicircular head of the inner cavity is not more than 2mm, and the number of spray holes is 4-6 holes; the volume ratio of the precombustion chamber cavity to the main combustion chamber 5 is less than 4%.

[0034] The jet flow ignition combustion device of the high-efficiency engine for the gantry provided by the application realizes the active enrichment expansion of the dilution limit of the precombustion chamber and improves the thermal efficiency by reasonably organizing the spray jet direction, spray guide and spray strategy and a reasonable wall cooling system.

[0035] The device generates flame jet through precombustion chamber ignition, forms a distributed high-temperature environment in the main combustion chamber, and realizes diffusion combustion in the main combustion chamber. Compared with the premixed combustion / partial premixed combustion system of the traditional spark-ignition engine, the device suppresses abnormal combustion such as knock combustion, and can improve the compression ratio of the engine to achieve higher thermal efficiency. At the same time, by adjusting the relative phase of the generation of the flame jet and the supply of high-burning fuel in the main combustion chamber, the fuel in the main combustion chamber can realize reliable regulation and control of combustion modes such as premixed combustion, partial premixed combustion and diffusion combustion.

[0036] The preferred specific examples of the application are as follows:

[0037] As Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the jet ignition combustion device of the high-efficiency engine for test bench provided by the application is applied to single-cylinder test bench test application, and comprises a pre-chamber suspension bin 3, a pre-chamber injector 2, a pre-chamber spark plug 1 and a pre-chamber extension body 4. The upper and lower parts of the pre-chamber suspension bin 3 are provided with pre-chamber extension body mounting holes 3.2, which are connected to the outer threaded holes provided on the pre-chamber extension body 4, and mounting grooves 4.2 are arranged at the connecting ports, and the pre-chamber extension body 4 is clamped through the mounting tool grooves 4.3 provided on the pre-chamber extension body, so that the tightening torque of the pre-chamber extension body 4 and the pre-chamber suspension bin is ensured. The above completes the assembly of the pre-chamber suspension bin and the pre-chamber extension body, and a small-volume pre-chamber cavity 4.1 is contained in the assembly; the pre-chamber injector 2 and the pre-chamber spark plug 1 are respectively arranged at two different positions on one side of the pre-chamber suspension bin 3, and the head of the pre-chamber injector 2 and the head of the pre-chamber spark plug 1 extend into the inner cavity 4.1 of the pre-chamber. In this embodiment, the volume ratio of the pre-chamber cavity to the main combustion chamber is 3%, the number of injection holes 4.4 provided on the head of the pre-chamber extension body in this embodiment is 5, the hole diameter is 1.5 mm, the 5 holes are evenly distributed in the arc surface part of the head of the pre-chamber extension body, and the included angle between the center of the injection hole and the center axis of the cylinder sleeve is 60°.

[0038] As shown, Figure 3 The water inlet hole 3.5 provided on the pre-chamber suspension bin 3 is connected to the water outlet of the external water pump, water flows through the water inlet hole 3.5, passes through the water jacket 3.3 built in the pre-chamber suspension bin, and then flows out from the water return hole 3.6, the water return hole 3.6 is connected to the water return pipe of the water pump to form a closed loop, so as to continuously cool the pre-chamber to reduce the surface temperature of the pre-chamber and the main combustion chamber.

[0039] In this embodiment, a port injection engine is used, the main fuel injector on the intake manifold injects high-fuel point fuel into the intake port during the intake stroke to form a certain concentration of premixed combustible mixture in the main combustion chamber 5. Before the piston 6 approaches the top dead center, the pre-chamber injector 2 provides a pre-set amount of high-fuel point fuel into the inner cavity 4.1 of the pre-chamber to form a combustible mixture with a set equivalence ratio, and then the pre-chamber spark plug 1 ignites the combustible mixture in the inner cavity 4.1 of the pre-chamber. After the mixture ignites and burns, the pressure and temperature in the inner cavity 4.1 of the pre-chamber rise sharply, and the free radicals accelerate through the injection hole and then inject high-temperature flame jets into the main combustion chamber 5. The flame jets form distributed high-temperature flame cores in the main combustion chamber 5, and under the action of the high-temperature flame cores, the high-fuel point fuel ignites, and the flame spreads outward with different flame cores as the center, and burns rapidly. Under different working conditions, by adjusting the fuel supply of the pre-chamber injector 2 and the relative time of ignition of the pre-chamber spark plug 1 and the supply of high-fuel point fuel by the main combustion chamber injector 2, the high-fuel point fuel can be effectively controlled to carry out different combustion organization forms such as premixed combustion, partial premixed combustion or diffusion combustion under different working conditions, and the thermal efficiency of the engine is improved.

[0040] The above merely describes preferred embodiments of the present application, and the technical features described above can be combined to form multiple embodiments of the present application.

[0041] The present application is described above by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the specific implementation of the present application is not limited by the above-described manner, as long as various non-essential improvements are made using the concept and technical solutions of the present application, or the concept and technical solutions of the present application are directly applied to other occasions without improvement, which are within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A jet ignition and combustion device for a high-efficiency engine used on a test bench, wherein the jet ignition and combustion device is disposed on the engine cylinder head, characterized in that: The jet ignition and combustion device includes a spark plug, a pre-combustion chamber injector, a pre-combustion chamber suspension, and a pre-combustion chamber extension. The upper part of the pre-combustion chamber suspension is provided with a spark plug mounting hole and a pre-combustion chamber injector mounting hole. The spark plug is installed in the spark plug mounting hole, and the pre-combustion chamber injector is installed in the pre-combustion chamber injector mounting hole. The lower part of the pre-combustion chamber suspension is provided with a pre-combustion chamber extension mounting hole. The pre-combustion chamber extension is provided with an inner cavity for combustion in the pre-combustion chamber. The bottom end of the inner cavity is provided with an injection hole for communicating with the main combustion chamber of the engine. A cooling water jacket structure is provided outside the pre-combustion chamber suspension. The heat dissipation water jacket structure is located in the lower middle part of the pre-combustion chamber suspension; the heat dissipation water jacket structure includes an annular water jacket and a cover plate, the annular water jacket is sleeved on the outside of the pre-combustion chamber suspension, and the cover plate is located on the outside of the annular water jacket; the top of the annular water jacket is provided with a water inlet hole and a water return hole. The lower end of the inner cavity of the pre-combustion chamber extension is a smooth semi-circular cavity, and the injection holes are a set located on the top surface of the semi-circle; the inner cavity is the pre-combustion chamber cavity, and the volume ratio of the pre-combustion chamber cavity to the engine main combustion chamber is less than 4%.

2. The jet ignition and combustion device for a high-efficiency engine for test bench as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-combustion chamber is positioned between the engine's intake and exhaust valves.

3. The jet ignition and combustion device for a high-efficiency engine for test bench as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the pre-combustion chamber injector is provided with a directional injection hole, and an injector drive module is provided on the side of the pre-combustion chamber injector.

4. The jet ignition and combustion device for a high-efficiency engine for test bench as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The angle of the injection hole is the angle between the center line of the injection hole and the center line of the cylinder bore, and the angle ranges from 45° to 70°.

5. The jet ignition and combustion device for a high-efficiency engine for test bench as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the injection holes is ≤2mm, and the number of injection holes is 4 to 6.

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