A cloud particle spectrometer

Abstract

The application discloses a cloud particle spectrometer, and belongs to the technical field of meteorological detection equipment. The cloud particle spectrometer comprises a shell, detection arms and a detection system. The number of the detection arms is two. The two detection arms are vertically downward and are arranged in parallel and at intervals at the front end of the shell. The detection system comprises a laser, an optical fiber, a collimating lens, a focusing lens, a first reflecting mirror, a second reflecting mirror, an objective lens, a beam splitter prism, a signal detector, a reference detector, a signal amplifier and a signal processor. The laser is arranged in the shell. The collimating lens, the focusing lens and the first reflecting mirror are sequentially arranged in one of the detection arms. The second reflecting mirror and the objective lens are arranged in the other detection arm. The beam splitter prism, the signal detector, the reference detector, the signal amplifier and the signal processor are arranged in the shell. The detection arms are directed downward, and air can flow through the detection area unobstructed, so that the measurement accuracy is better ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of meteorological detection equipment, specifically relating to a cloud particle spectrometer. Background Technology

[0002] Cloud particle spectrometers are one of the main instruments used in meteorological and weather modification research. They utilize the Mie forward scattering of laser light by particles to measure particle size and distribution. During operation, cloud particles pass through a laser beam within the detection area and are scattered. The scattered light pulses are guided to a photodetector and converted into corresponding voltage signals. Different particle sizes result in different laser pulse intensities received by the photodetector, leading to different voltage signal amplitudes. Based on the signal amplitude, the size of the cloud particles can be calculated. Existing cloud particle spectrometers have horizontal detection arms. During flight, airflow colliding with the casing can cause rebounds into the detection area, affecting measurement accuracy. Furthermore, the equipment requires a fixed aircraft installation. Aircraft vibrations during flight can cause the optical lenses to shift position and reduce the lifespan of electronic components, thus affecting measurement accuracy and the overall lifespan of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a cloud particle spectrometer that has a simple structure, is easy to use, and can effectively improve the above-mentioned problems.

[0004] The embodiments of the present invention are implemented as follows:

[0005] An embodiment of the present invention provides a cloud particle spectrometer, comprising a housing, a detector arm, and a detection system. The detector arm consists of two vertically oriented, parallel, and spaced-apart sections at the front end of the housing. The detection system includes a laser, an optical fiber, a collimating lens, a focusing lens, a first reflecting mirror, a second reflecting mirror, an objective lens, a beam splitter prism, a signal detector, a reference detector, a signal amplifier, and a signal processor. The laser is housed within the housing. The collimating lens, the focusing lens, and the first reflecting mirror are sequentially housed within one of the detector arms. The second reflecting mirror and the objective lens are housed within the other detector arm. Windows are provided near the inner front end of each of the two detector arms, with the first and second reflecting mirrors positioned at these windows. The beam splitter prism, the signal detector, the reference detector, the signal amplifier, and the signal processor are housed within the housing.

[0006] Optionally, one end of the optical fiber is connected to the laser, and the other end of the optical fiber is the light-emitting end. The collimating lens is disposed on the light-emitting path of the optical fiber, the focusing lens is disposed on the light-transmitting path of the collimating lens, the first reflecting mirror is disposed on the light-transmitting path of the focusing lens, the second reflecting mirror is disposed on the light-reflecting path of the first reflecting mirror, the objective lens is disposed on the light-reflecting path of the second reflecting mirror, the beam-splitting prism is disposed on the light-transmitting path of the objective lens, the signal detector is disposed on the light-transmitting path of the beam-splitting prism, the reference detector is disposed on the light-reflecting path of the beam-splitting prism, the signal detector and the reference detector are respectively connected to the signal amplifier, and the signal amplifier is connected to the signal processor.

[0007] Optionally, an aperture is provided between the reference detector and the beam splitter prism.

[0008] Optionally, the laser wavelength of the laser is 650nm.

[0009] Optionally, the fiber core diameter is 100 μm and the numerical aperture is 0.22.

[0010] Optionally, the upper end of the housing is further provided with a shock-absorbing seat. The shock-absorbing seat includes a first connector, a second connector, and a shock absorber. The first connector has an L-shaped structure, and there are two first connectors arranged in parallel and spaced apart. The two ends of the second connector are respectively supported on the first connector by the shock absorber. The upper end of the housing is detachably connected to the lower side of the second connector. The upper end of the first connector is used to connect with the aircraft.

[0011] Optionally, both the first connector and the second connector are provided with snap-fit ​​holes, the shock absorber is a columnar structure, and the two ends of the shock absorber are provided with snap-fit ​​grooves, which are engaged with the snap-fit ​​holes.

[0012] Optionally, the shock absorber is made of rubber material.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0014] The cloud particle spectrometer provided in this invention has its detector arm facing downwards, allowing air to flow unobstructed through the detection area, thus ensuring measurement accuracy. Furthermore, the detection system is rationally designed and compact, resulting in a small overall size and easy installation. The shock absorber is detachably connected to the housing and the aircraft, facilitating assembly and disassembly. The shock absorber significantly reduces housing vibration during flight, effectively protecting the internal optical system and circuitry, and greatly extending the equipment's lifespan. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the cloud particle spectrometer provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the detection system architecture.

[0018] In the image: 11-XX; 111-XX; Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0020] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0021] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this invention can be combined with each other.

[0022] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0025] refer to Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a cloud particle spectrometer, including a housing 11, a detector arm 12, and a detection system.

[0026] There are two probe arms 12. The two probe arms 12 are arranged in parallel at the front end of the housing and extend vertically downward. The probe arms 12 are hollow structures, with the lower end of the probe arm 12 being a closed end and the upper end of the probe arm being an open end, so that the interior of the probe arm 12 is connected to the interior of the housing 11.

[0027] refer to Figure 2 As shown, the detection system includes a laser 141, an optical fiber 142, a collimating lens 143, a focusing lens 144, a first reflecting mirror 145, a second reflecting mirror 146, an objective lens 147, a beam splitter prism 148, a signal detector 149, a reference detector 150, a signal amplifier 151, and a signal processor 152.

[0028] The laser 141 is disposed inside the housing 11. The collimating lens 143, the focusing lens 144 and the first reflecting mirror 145 are sequentially disposed inside one of the detection arms 12. The second reflecting mirror 146 and the objective lens 147 are disposed inside the other detection arm 12. The two detection arms 12 have windows on the inner side near the front end. The first reflecting mirror 145 and the second reflecting mirror 146 are respectively opposite to the windows. The beam splitter prism 148, the signal detector 149, the reference detector 150, the signal amplifier 151 and the signal processor 152 are disposed inside the housing 11.

[0029] Specifically, one end of the optical fiber 142 is connected to the laser 141, and the other end of the optical fiber 142 is the light-emitting end. A collimating lens 143 is disposed on the light-emitting path of the optical fiber 142, a focusing lens 144 is disposed on the light-transmitting path of the collimating lens 143, a first reflecting mirror 145 is disposed on the light-transmitting path of the focusing lens 144, a second reflecting mirror 146 is disposed on the light-reflecting path of the first reflecting mirror 145, an objective lens 147 is disposed on the light-reflecting path of the second reflecting mirror 146, a beam splitter prism 148 is disposed on the light-transmitting path of the objective lens 147, a signal detector 149 is disposed on the light-transmitting path of the beam splitter prism 148, a reference detector 150 is disposed on the light-reflecting path of the beam splitter prism 148, an aperture is provided between the reference detector 150 and the beam splitter prism 148, the signal detector 149 and the reference detector 150 are respectively connected to the signal amplifier 151, and the signal amplifier 151 is connected to the signal processor 152.

[0030] In this embodiment, the laser 141 has a wavelength of 650nm and a maximum output power of 200mW, and the fiber 142 has a core diameter of 100μm and a numerical aperture of 0.22.

[0031] The laser emitted by laser 141 is transmitted forward through optical fiber 142 into collimating lens 143. Collimating lens 143 shapes the beam into a uniform intensity beam for emission. Focusing lens 144 focuses the beam, which is then transmitted into first reflecting mirror 145. First reflecting mirror 145 reflects the light and transmits it through a window to illuminate the measurement area. In the detection area, the light is refracted and scattered. The scattered light enters second reflecting mirror 146 through the window. For accurate calibration, the detector only accepts and calculates the distribution of the transmitted beam. The particle size in the uniform region is used to collect forward-scattered light beams from particles within a 4-12 degree range. Beams within a 0-4 degree range are blocked and do not enter the receiving optical path. The second reflecting mirror 146 reflects the qualified light beams into the objective lens 147. The scattered light is focused by the objective lens 147, ensuring a depth of field of approximately 2.5 mm, i.e., the length of the scattering area. The focused light beam enters the beam splitter prism 148. After processing by the beam splitter prism 148, 33% of the light beam reaches the signal detector 149, and 66% reaches the reference detector 150. Only when the particles are within the depth of field will the signal pulse amplitude be less than the reference pulse amplitude. The signal detector 149 and the reference detector 150 transmit the received signals to the signal amplifier 151. Since the scattered light detected by the detectors is a weak pulse signal, the signal amplification circuit adopts a three-stage amplification structure: the first stage uses a low-noise amplifier, the second stage is a gain amplifier, and the third stage is a power amplifier. The amplified signal is then transmitted to the signal processor 152 for signal acquisition and processing. The signal processor 152's processing circuit is divided into two parts: a signal acquisition board, which mainly acquires two pulse signal waveforms simultaneously and one power signal waveform; and a signal processing board, which mainly performs storage, statistics, calculation, communication, and switching control of the acquired signals, as well as the laser 141 and the detector. The two boards are connected via a bus connector to achieve signal transmission and serial port signal control.

[0032] The upper end of the shell 11 is also provided with a shock absorber 13, which includes a first connector 131, a second connector 132, and a shock absorber 133. The first connector 131 has an L-shaped structure, and the second connector 132 has a plate-like structure. Both the first connector 131 and the second connector 132 have snap-fit ​​holes. The shock absorber 133 has a columnar structure, and both ends of the shock absorber 133 have snap-fit ​​grooves. There are two first connectors 131, which are arranged in parallel and spaced apart. The two ends of the second connector 132 are respectively connected to the first connector 131 through the shock absorber 133. The snap-fit ​​grooves at both ends of the shock absorber 133 are respectively snap-fitted into the snap-fit ​​holes on the first connector 131 and the second connector 132. The upper end of the shell 11 is detachably connected to the lower side of the second connector 132, and the upper end of the first connector 131 is used to connect with the aircraft.

[0033] The shock absorber 133 is made of an elastic material. In this embodiment, the shock absorber 133 is made of rubber material.

[0034] This invention is not limited to the above-described optional embodiments. Anyone can derive other various forms of products under the guidance of this invention. However, regardless of any changes made in their shape or structure, any technical solution that falls within the scope of the claims of this invention shall be protected by this invention.

Claims

1. A cloud particle spectrometer characterized by: The application relates to a laser detection system, which comprises a shell, two detection arms and a detection system, wherein the two detection arms are vertically and parallelly arranged at the front end of the shell, the detection system comprises a laser, an optical fiber, a collimating lens, a focusing lens, a first reflecting mirror, a second reflecting mirror, an objective lens, a beam splitter prism, a signal detector, a reference detector, a signal amplifier and a signal processor, the laser is arranged in the shell, the collimating lens, the focusing lens and the first reflecting mirror are sequentially arranged in one of the detection arms, the second reflecting mirror and the objective lens are arranged in the other detection arm, the inner side of the front end of the two detection arms is provided with a window, the first reflecting mirror and the second reflecting mirror are arranged at the window, and the beam splitter prism, the signal detector, the reference detector, the signal amplifier and the signal processor are arranged in the shell. One end of the optical fiber is connected with the laser, the other end of the optical fiber is a light emitting end, the collimating lens is arranged on the light emitting path of the optical fiber, the focusing lens is arranged on the transmitted light path of the collimating lens, the first reflecting mirror is arranged on the transmitted light path of the focusing lens, the second reflecting mirror is arranged on the reflected light path of the first reflecting mirror, the objective lens is arranged on the reflected light path of the second reflecting mirror, the beam splitter prism is arranged on the transmitted light path of the objective lens, the signal detector is arranged on the transmitted light path of the beam splitter prism, the reference detector is arranged on the reflected light path of the beam splitter prism, the signal detector and the reference detector are respectively connected with the signal amplifier, the signal amplifier is connected with the signal processor, a diaphragm is arranged between the reference detector and the beam splitter prism, the laser wavelength is 650 nm, the fiber core diameter of the optical fiber is 100 mu m, and the numerical aperture is 0.

22. The upper end of the shell is further provided with a damping seat, the damping seat comprises a first connecting piece, a second connecting piece and a damper, the first connecting piece is in L-shaped structure, the number of the first connecting pieces is two and the two first connecting pieces are parallelly and spacedly arranged, the two ends of the second connecting piece are respectively supported on the first connecting pieces through the dampers, the upper end of the shell is detachably connected with the lower side of the second connecting piece, and the upper end of the first connecting piece is used for connecting with an aircraft.

2. The cloud particle spectrometer of claim 1, wherein: The first connecting piece and the second connecting piece are both provided with clamping holes, the damper is in columnar structure, the two ends of the damper are provided with clamping grooves, and the clamping grooves are clamped and matched with the clamping holes.

3. The cloud particle spectrometer of claim 2, wherein: The damper is made of rubber material.

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