System for making a beverage

Abstract

A system for the production of a beverage comprises a brewing unit (2) and a capsule (4) containing a powdered food substance (5), the capsule (4) comprising: a casing (6) and an identification element (11) placed inside the casing (6), wherein the brewing unit (2) comprises: a first perforating unit (17); an illumination device (26) associated with the first perforating unit (17) to illuminate the identification element (11); a detection device (13) configured to detect the return light radiation from the identification element (11); and an electronic control unit, wherein, in addition, the identification element (11) has a reading surface (12) which forms a convex surface facing the detection device (13).

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present invention relates to a system for making beverages, of the type comprising a brewing unit and a capsule containing a powdered food substance, in which system the brewing unit is configured to receive the capsule inside it and to make the beverage by supplying water inside the capsule to interact with the powdered food substance.

[0002] The interaction between water and the powdered food substance can consist only of the extraction of organoleptic substances from the food substance (as in the case of making espresso coffee), or of the complete dissolution of the food substance (as in the case of making chocolate-flavored or milk-based beverages). BACKGROUND

[0003] At present, there are many prior art systems of the type described above, each of which is characterized by the type of brewing unit and by the related operations, and above all by the type of capsule used. Within each system, there can also be various versions of the capsule, which all correspond to a more general model, but each of which is intended for making a specific beverage. For example, in the same system, the capsules can have significant differences depending on whether they are intended for making a beverage by extracting only the organoleptic substances from the powdered food substance, or by dissolving the entire powdered food substance. These differences can be both related to the structure of the capsule, and also to the powdered food substance and to its particle size.

[0004] At least most of the systems currently on the market have also been developed by optimizing over time the interaction between the brewing unit and each version of the capsule that can be used with the brewing unit. The aforesaid optimization is related, on the one hand, to the structure of the capsule (which can vary significantly in detail even for the same general model, depending on the beverage to be made), and on the other hand to the brewing parameters used by the unit. The main brewing parameters that can be set are: water temperature, water pressure, water flow rate, total amount of water, and, if necessary, pre-infusion time (time during which the water supply is interrupted after the capsule has been filled with water and before the brewing of the beverage is continued, usually in order to allow an improved extraction of the organoleptic substances).

[0005] At least for the most widespread systems on the market, in addition to the original capsules, there are also so-called compatible capsules (that is, capsules made by manufacturers different from those who developed and marketed the original system), but which are sold for use in the original brewing unit.

[0006] The compatible capsules, although having an external shape that allows them to be inserted in the original brewing unit, do not normally reflect the materials and structure of the original capsules, nor do they contain a food substance having the same characteristics as those of the original capsules.

[0007] Therefore, the sale of compatible capsules has led to some problems.

[0008] The first issue relates to the fact that, in order to be attractive to consumers, compatible capsules must often be sold at a lower price than the original capsules, and therefore must be produced by limiting production costs, which in many cases is detrimental to the quality of the beverage produced.

[0009] Secondly, as already shown, the brewing parameters of the brewing unit are typically optimized for a specific capsule model, so the use of compatible capsules may result in beverages of suboptimal (and in some cases even poor) quality, causing the compatible capsules to clog inside the brewing unit, or even damaging the machine (e.g., if the capsule causes an excessive pressure drop and forces the brewing unit pump to operate under conditions more demanding than it was designed for).

[0010] To allow brewing with each original capsule version using the most accurate brewing parameters, while also being able to identify the presence of non-original capsules in the brewing unit or those that pose a potential hazard to the machine, various systems have been developed over the years that allow the brewing unit to distinguish between original and non-original capsules. In some cases, the brewing unit can also identify the version of the inserted original capsule.

[0011] In these cases, the brewing unit is also programmed to manage the brewing of the beverage depending on the type or model of the capsule that is identified (or not identified).

[0012] For example, some brewing units are programmed to allow beverage brewing only if the inserted capsule is recognized as an original capsule. Conversely, other brewing units may even allow beverages to be made with non-original (or more generally, unrecognized) capsules, but in the above cases, they may use specific preventative brewing parameters specifically designed to protect the unit itself from potential damage.

[0013] Furthermore, as already shown, more sophisticated brewing units can recognize multiple different versions of the original capsule and can use specific combinations of brewing parameters for each version. However, in some applications, once they have recognized the original capsule, the brewing unit sets predefined brewing parameters, but also allows the user to change at least some of these parameters (for example, they may allow changes to the total amount of water, or they may allow brewing with a capsule that is theoretically intended for making espresso, as if the capsule were intended for making filter coffee or Americano).

[0014] Over time, many different solutions have been developed to allow for the identification of the original capsule.

[0015] According to the first technology, the capsule is equipped with an electromagnetic verification element (such as an RFID element), and the machine includes a corresponding reader. While this solution allows for good results in terms of functionality, it is not economically advantageous because it requires the use of a relatively expensive verification element on each capsule.

[0016] Conversely, the second technology currently in use involves optical identification of the capsules using a reading device placed at or upstream of the filling chamber and adapted to read barcodes, QR codes, or other graphic symbols located on the outer part of the capsule. However, this solution also has some drawbacks. In particular, the reliability of identification may decrease over time due to the fact that the filling chamber is a dirty place where, under normal conditions, the beverage is at least partially circulated, potentially leaving residues on the walls, especially on the optical identification device. Furthermore, accidental leakage of food substances present in the capsules may also occur in this dirty place, potentially forming clumps on the walls. Additionally, especially in cases of consecutive brewing operations, the presence of water vapor released at the end of each brewing operation can cause fogging in the identification system.

[0017] Furthermore, from a commercial perspective, the need to replicate barcodes or QR codes on capsules can negatively impact the attractiveness of the capsule's appearance to buyers.

[0018] Conversely, in the third known type of recognition, an identification element is utilized that is always identifiable by simple visual inspection (as in the case of the second type), but is located inside the capsule (as in the case of the first type).

[0019] An example of this type is described in patent application WO2017 / 195170, in which the identification element is positioned inside the capsule, below the top film, and the identification element is read by means of a reading device that pierces the top film and illuminates the identification element with light of a known frequency for a predetermined period of time. According to the solution described in the patent, identification only occurs when the identification element emits light of a specific frequency (different from the frequency of illumination) for a period of time after receiving illumination. The reading device can also be independent of the perforator through which water is supplied inside the capsule, or integrated into the perforator by means of the use of optical fibers.

[0020] Given the interest drawn by the overall concept described in patent application WO2017 / 195170, the applicant conducted precise design and testing work that highlighted the need for technical improvements to the solution described in the patent application (particularly regarding the reliability of the identification of the original capsule).

[0021] While a certain number of false positives (i.e., non-original capsules identified as the original) are tolerable, conversely, the number of any false negatives (i.e., unidentified original capsules) must be as low as possible, and preferably equal to zero. Instead, these tests highlight that the technical solutions described in WO 2017 / 195170 do not always allow for this result.

[0022] The tests conducted particularly highlighted that the reliability of identification using the identification method described in WO2017 / 195170 depends heavily on the manufacturing precision of the capsule and the reading device. Specifically, they emphasized that to guarantee highly reliable identification, it would be necessary to manufacture the capsule with significantly lower manufacturing tolerances than those currently used, which significantly increase cost. Therefore, a solution achievable with commonly used manufacturing tolerances would be desirable.

[0023] Furthermore, it can be established that by applying a recognition element to a plate installed inside the capsule for water dispensing, the presence of particles from powdered food substances may prevent the capsule from being recognized, as these particles often successfully pass through the dispensing plate and occupy the position above the recognition element. In effect, the presence of these particles distorts the optical response of the recognition element to the excitation signal given by the machine. Therefore, a solution that minimizes the risk of false negatives caused by powder particles would be desirable.

[0024] Importantly, even determining whether identification is based on a combination of the frequency and duration of light radiation emitted by the identification element proves relatively complex, especially when distinguishing between different versions of the original capsule. Therefore, alternative solutions would be desirable. Summary of the Invention

[0025] In this context, the technical objective that forms the basis of the present invention is to provide a system for making beverages that overcomes or limits at least some of the aforementioned disadvantages.

[0026] In particular, the technical objective of this invention is to provide a system for making beverages that uses an optical recognition element placed inside a capsule, which is less susceptible to false negatives due to the presence of powder particles on the surface.

[0027] The specified technical and stated objectives are substantially achieved by the system for manufacturing beverages as described in the independent claim. Specific embodiments of the invention are defined in the corresponding dependent claims.

[0028] In addition to providing the system according to the invention, other innovative aspects are also designed, some of which relate primarily to the brewing unit 2, and others primarily to the capsule. The following detailed description will describe all the innovative aspects already provided, as they can all be considered part of the same more general invention and can all be incorporated into the same system for manufacturing beverages; however, only the innovative aspects that are the subject matter of the invention are covered in the appended claims. In practice, the applicant reserves the right to protect each innovative aspect independently in a separate patent application and, if necessary, by subsequently filing a divisional application. The applicant also reserves the right to protect any combination of two or more innovative aspects, even independently, if necessary. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Further features and advantages of the invention will become more apparent from the detailed description, which refers to the accompanying drawings illustrating several preferred, non-limiting embodiments of the system for making beverages, in which:

[0030] - Figure 1 The axial cross section of the first capsule is made according to the first innovative aspect of the invention;

[0031] - Figure 2 The image shows a three-dimensional projection view, without either powdery food material or a closed top film. Figure 1 The capsule in the cross-section;

[0032] - Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Bottom view of the water distribution unit of the capsule;

[0033] - Figure 4 yes Figure 3 The allocation unit is based on the cross-section of line IV-IV;

[0034] - Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A magnified view of the details of V;

[0035] - Figure 6 The second capsule is a three-dimensional projected axial section made according to the first innovative aspect of the invention;

[0036] - Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A front view of the capsule's distribution unit in a cross-section;

[0037] -Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional projection view of the details of the perforated unit of the brewing unit made according to the second innovative aspect of the invention;

[0038] - Figure 9 yes Figure 8 An enlarged front view of the lower part of the perforated unit;

[0039] - Figure 10 yes Figure 8 The axial section of the perforated unit;

[0040] - Figure 11 It is based on and Figure 10 The cross-sectional plane is perpendicular to the cross-sectional plane. Figure 8 The axial section of the lower part of the perforated unit;

[0041] - Figure 12 Is with Figure 4 The central part of the distribution unit is connected Figure 11 A front view of the cross-section of the perforated unit, showing the physical disturbances of the design;

[0042] - Figure 13 It shows the basis with Figure 12 The cross-section of the plane perpendicular to the plane in the cross-section. Figure 12 The same parts, which are connected to the physical interference of the design;

[0043] - Figure 14 and Figure 15 It shows Figure 13 There are two possible real connections between the connected parts, and these connections have interference;

[0044] - Figure 16 The figure shows an axial cross-section of a system for making beverages according to the present invention, the system comprising a brewing unit according to a second aspect of the present invention and a capsule according to a first aspect of the present invention; the capsule and the brewing unit may also be made according to a third and fourth aspect of the present invention, respectively, the relevant characteristics of which are not shown in the figures;

[0045] - Figure 17 yes Figure 16 A magnified view of the details of XVII;

[0046] - Figure 18 This is a graph showing the frequency behavior of the 420FDL50 dichroic filter from the UK company Knight Optics Ltd.

[0047] - Figure 19 This is a graph showing the frequency behavior of the 430FWP7575 filter from Knight Optics Ltd.; and

[0048] - Figure 20 This is a graph showing the relative emission intensity of an LDUV2043 LED powered by a 20mA current from the company "Ligitek Electronics Ltd". Detailed Implementation

[0049] The present invention, and more generally the invention to which it is a part, relates to a system 1 for making beverages, the system 1 comprising: on the one hand, a brewing unit 2 defining a filling chamber 3; and on the other hand, a capsule 4 containing a powdered food substance 5 configured to be inserted into the filling chamber 3.

[0050] Generally, capsule 4 includes an outer shell 6, which contains a powdered food substance 5 inside.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment, the outer casing 6 includes a cup-shaped body 7 closed by a lid 8. Advantageously, the cup-shaped body 7 is manufactured by molding, injection, or thermoforming, while the lid 8 is made of a thin film. The cup-shaped body 7 can be single-layered or multi-layered, and each layer can be made of various materials, such as aluminum, plastic, cellulose, or PLA. The lid 8 can also be made of the same material.

[0052] In some embodiments, the entire housing 6 may be made primarily of the same material (e.g., a polypropylene-based blend).

[0053] In some embodiments, the entire capsule 4 may be made of recyclable materials (e.g., one or more polypropylene-based mixtures) or compostable materials (e.g., one or more PLA-based mixtures).

[0054] The feed wall 9 and the discharge wall 10 are identifiable within the housing 6. The feed wall 9 is the wall through which water is supplied to the interior of the capsule 4 during use, while the discharge wall 10 is the wall through which the beverage exits; both are therefore definitive considering the use of the capsule 4 in the brewing unit 2. In some embodiments (such as those illustrated in the figures), the feed wall 9 is formed by the lid 8 of the containment body, while the discharge wall 10 is formed by the bottom wall of the cup-shaped body 7.

[0055] In some embodiments, the housing 6 is sealed and oxygen-impermeable; conversely, in other embodiments, it may be oxygen-permeable, for example, due to the presence of one or more pores; in the latter case, the housing 6 will preferably be sold in a sealed, oxygen-impermeable package.

[0056] Capsule 4 also includes an identification element 11, which is placed inside the outer casing 6, contained therein, and separate from the outer casing 6.

[0057] The identification element 11 is advantageously inserted between the outer shell and the powdered food substance 5, preferably between the feed wall 9 and the powdered food substance 5.

[0058] The identification element 11 includes a reading surface 12 configured to face the detection device 13, which is part of the brewing unit 2.

[0059] In some embodiments, the capsule 4 further includes a dispensing unit 14, which is also inserted between the feed wall 9 and the powdered food substance 5. The dispensing unit 14 has the function of dispensing the incoming water from the powdered food substance 5 in a manner deemed most suitable for the preparation of a particular beverage.

[0060] For example, in order to produce a beverage that involves only the extraction of sensory substances from powdered food substance 5, the dispensing unit 14 is preferably configured as a uniformly perforated filter that occupies the entire cross-section of the housing 6 and has free space between itself and the feed wall 9 to allow for uniform distribution of water across the entire perforated surface. Figure 3 and Figure 4 The figure shows an example of this type of allocation unit 14.

[0061] Conversely, in order to produce a beverage involving the dissolution of powdered food substance 5, the dispensing unit 14 is preferably configured with one or more through holes 15 located near the side wall of the outer casing 6. Figure 7 In the case of a single hole in the distribution unit 14. In this case, the distribution unit 14 can be configured to have free space between itself and the feed wall, in which case the sole purpose is to allow water to reach one or more through holes 15.

[0062] exist Figure 3 and Figure 7 In the embodiment illustrated in the figure, due to the presence of the protrusion on the dispensing unit 14 itself, free space is obtained between the dispensing unit 14 and the cover 8.

[0063] In some embodiments, the identification element 11 is associated with the allocation unit 14.

[0064] In some embodiments, the identification element 11 is integrated into the allocation unit 14, or constitutes part of it, or is constituted by a part of it.

[0065] In some embodiments (such as those illustrated in the accompanying drawings), the identification element 11 is constituted by the allocation unit 14.

[0066] In some embodiments, the dispensing unit 14 has a recess 16.

[0067] In some embodiments, when the capsule 4 is inserted into the infusion chamber 3, the recess 16 is configured to receive the first perforated unit 17 of the brewing unit 2. Advantageously, the recess 16 is positioned at the center of the dispensing unit 14.

[0068] Depending on these embodiments, the capsule 4 may also include other elements (such as a filter 18 inserted between the powdered food substance 5 and the discharge wall 10), or may have further features without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0069] Similar to existing brewing units, even the brewing unit according to the present invention includes a first part 19 and a second part 20, which are switchable between a home configuration and a brewing configuration.

[0070] When they are in their original configuration, the first part 19 and the second part 20 are spaced apart from each other, allowing for the loading of new capsules 4 or the removal of used capsules 4 between them. When they are in the brewing configuration, the first part 19 and the second part 20 are connected, defining the boundary of the filling chamber 3 between them, in which the capsules 4 are intended to be sealed (in fact, the capsules 4 are configured to be inserted into the filling chamber 3).

[0071] The arrangement of the first part 19 and the second part 20 relative to each other, their movement relative to each other, and the manner in which capsule 4 is supplied to the infusion chamber 3 and the manner in which used capsule 4 is removed from the infusion chamber 3 can vary as required.

[0072] For example, the brewing unit 2 can be a vertical unit, a horizontal unit, an angled unit, and can be configured to allow the capsule 4 to be supplied and sprayed by simple gravity or in another manner.

[0073] In some embodiments, either the first portion 19 or the second portion 20 defines a housing in which the capsule 4 can be inserted, while the other forms a lid for closing the housing. A watertight seal between the first portion 19 and the second portion 20 can be achieved at a flange of the capsule 4, which can be clamped between them.

[0074] exist Figure 16 In the embodiment illustrated in the middle, the first part 19 consists of a horizontally removable drawer in which the shell for the capsule 4 is made, while the second part 20 exists in both the original configuration (not shown) and the brewing configuration (…). Figure 16 The space between them is vertically movable.

[0075] In a known manner, the brewing unit 2 includes a first perforation unit 17, configured to pierce the feed wall 9 of the capsule 4 when the capsule 4 is inserted into the filling chamber 3.Figure 16 In one embodiment, the first perforated unit 17 is fixed to and relative to the second portion 20. In other embodiments, it may be fixed to the second portion 20 and / or movable relative to the portion to which it is fixed.

[0076] The first perforated unit 17 is advantageously configured to allow the brewing unit 2 optical access to the identification element 11.

[0077] Depending on these embodiments, the first perforation unit 17 may create one or more openings through the feed wall 9.

[0078] The brewing unit 2 includes: a supply device for supplying hot water into the capsule 4 inserted in the filling chamber 3, and a device for causing a beverage to flow out from the capsule 4, which has been formed after the hot water interacts with the powdered food substance 5.

[0079] In this known manner, the hot water supply device may include a water tank, a pump, a boiler (these are not shown), and a supply pipe 21 extending from the tank through the pump and boiler to the filling chamber 3. Depending on these embodiments, the introduction of hot water into the capsule 4 may be done through an opening made by the first perforation unit 17, through an opening made by a different perforation unit, or directly through the feed wall 9 (if the latter is itself perforated or permeable).

[0080] In some embodiments, the hot water supply device, particularly the supply pipe 21, includes a suction pipe 22, which is formed in the first perforation unit 17 and extends into the filling chamber 3. In use, when the capsule 4 is inserted into the filling chamber 3 and the first perforation unit 17 has penetrated the feed wall 9, the suction pipe 22 extends into the capsule 4 between the feed wall 9 and the identification element 11.

[0081] In some embodiments, the inhalation tube 22 has an outlet 23 that is radial relative to the central axis of the first perforated unit 17.

[0082] The device for causing the beverage to flow out (the beverage is formed in capsule 4 after the interaction of hot water and powdered food substance 5) may include a second perforation unit 24 for piercing the dispensing wall 10, one or more channels 25 for collecting and guiding the beverage toward the dispensing area (a cup may be positioned below it), and / or other elements of known type. The second perforation unit 24 may be fixed or movable, and may be active (i.e., actively piercing the dispensing wall 10) or passive (i.e., constituting a contact element against which the dispensing wall 10 tears upon increased pressure inside capsule 4). If the dispensing wall 10 is already perforated or permeable to water, the second perforation unit 24 is obviously not necessary.

[0083] The illumination device 26 is associated with the first perforation unit 17 and configured to illuminate the identification element 11 with incident light radiation during use. Also associated with the first perforation unit 17 is a detection device 13, configured to detect returned light radiation emitted and / or reflected by the identification element 11 after illumination with incident light radiation. In some embodiments, the detection device 13 has a returned light radiation acquisition surface 27 for acquiring the returned light radiation, which is located in the vicinity of the identification element 11 during use, while the rest of the illumination device 26 is in a remote location.

[0084] Preferably, the lighting device 26 and the detection device 13 are configured to optically interact with the identification element 11 through at least one opening created in the feed wall 9 by the first perforation unit 17.

[0085] Furthermore, it is advantageous that the incident light radiation has a known wavelength band.

[0086] In some applications, it may be a band in the ultraviolet range, in others a band in the visible range, and in still others a band spanning both the visible and ultraviolet ranges.

[0087] In some embodiments, the lighting device 26 includes a light radiation transmission element 28, which is used to send incident light radiation toward the reading surface 12 of the identification element 11.

[0088] In some embodiments, the detection device 13 includes a light radiation transmission element 28 configured to collect returned light radiation.

[0089] Advantageously, there can be a single light radiation transmission element 28, and it can be part of both the lighting device 26 and the detection device 13.

[0090] The light radiation transmitting element 28 extends between a first end 29 and a second end 30. The first end 29 is associated with the first perforated unit 17 and guides the light towards the identification element 11 during use. The second end 30 is placed outside the infusion chamber 3. The first end 29 constitutes the incident light emitting surface for the illumination device 26, and it also constitutes the returned light radiation acquiring surface 27 for the detection device 13.

[0091] When the capsule 4 includes a distribution unit 14 forming a recess 16, the recess 16 can be configured to accommodate the first end 29 of the light radiation transmission element 28.

[0092] In some embodiments, the optical radiation transmission element 28 is made of optical fiber.

[0093] In some embodiments (such as) Figure 17In the embodiment illustrated in the figure, the lighting device 26, in addition to the light radiation transmitting element 28, includes: an LED 31, which is offset relative to the light radiation transmitting element 28; and a mirror 32, which is positioned in such a way that it reflects at least a portion of the light radiation received from the LED 31 in the light radiation transmitting element 28. For example, the optical axis of the LED 31 may be at a 90° angle relative to the optical axis of the second end 30 of the light radiation transmitting element 28, and the mirror 32 may be flat and at a 45° angle relative to the two optical axes (which intersect on the surface of the mirror 32).

[0094] In some embodiments (such as those according to the second aspect of innovation described below), mirror 32 is a dichroic filter, such as the dichroic filter sold by the British company Knight Optics Ltd. under code 420FDL50. The dichroic filter is configured to cause only the reflection of light radiation whose wavelengths are primarily contained in the ultraviolet band (preferably in the band with wavelengths up to 405 nm), and conversely, to be transparent to at least most light radiation in the visible band (particularly preferably to light radiation with wavelengths higher than 405 nm). In the case of the dichroic filter from Knight Optics Ltd. shown above, this result is achieved using a filter angled at 45° relative to the light radiation arriving from LED 31. The frequency behavior of the aforementioned Knight Optics Ltd. dichroic filter at the target frequency is... Figure 18 The chart shows the wavelength values ​​in nanometers on the x-axis and the percentage of electromagnetic radiation reflected or transmitted on the y-axis. Curve 40 shows the radiation transmitted at an angle of incidence of 0°, curve 41 shows the radiation reflected at an angle of incidence of 0°, curve 42 shows the radiation transmitted at an angle of incidence of 45°, and curve 43 shows the radiation reflected at an angle of incidence of 45°.

[0095] In some embodiments, the incident light radiation has a wavelength between 360 and 405 nanometers. In some embodiments, for this purpose, LED 31 is configured to emit light radiation having a wavelength in this band. In other embodiments, instead, the use of the dichroic mirror described above allows LED 31 to also emit unwanted light radiation in the visible range (as described below) at the desired frequency in the ultraviolet band, because such visible radiation is not reflected toward the light radiation transmitting element 28 and therefore does not reach the identification element 11.

[0096] In some embodiments, the detection device 13 includes an electronic sensor 33, which is optically associated with the second end 30 of the light radiation transmission element 28 to receive light radiation emitted by the second end 30.

[0097] In some embodiments where the detection device 13 is configured to detect radiation in the visible range, the dichroic mirror also advantageously intercepts the returning light radiation, allowing only radiation in the visible light band to pass through, and reflecting ultraviolet radiation to other places.

[0098] The brewing unit 2 also includes an electronic control unit (not shown) that can be connected to various operating parts of the unit itself, such as a boiler, pump, any motors for moving the first part 19 and the second part 20, lighting device 26, detection device 13, etc., and the electronic control unit is programmed to control their operation.

[0099] In particular, the electronic control unit is connected to the detection device 13 to receive, in electronic format, real data relating to the characteristics of the returned light radiation. Advantageously, the real data are quantitative physical measurements related to the returned light radiation, such as data related to intensity, data related to frequency, data related to duration, etc.

[0100] In some embodiments, the real data is prepared by the detection device 13 and sent to the electronic control unit (ECU) so that it must use this data (the method described below). In other cases, the real data is sent to the ECU along with other data, either merged into the other data or, in any case, must be derived from other data acquired by the detection device 13. In these cases, the ECU will be programmed to process the received data and obtain the target real data.

[0101] The electronic control unit is also programmed to perform a comparison step based on the received real data, and to perform a management step based on the result of the comparison step.

[0102] During the management process, the electronic control unit compares the actual data received from the detection device 13 with the stored reference data and determines whether the actual data matches the reference data. The rules for determining whether a match exists can be formulated each time based on the type of data item being considered. For example, if the reference data is an exact value, a match exists when the deviation between the actual data and the reference data is less than a predetermined error margin (which can be expressed both in absolute and percentage or relative terms); otherwise, if the reference data is expressed as a range, a match exists when the actual data falls within that range.

[0103] During the management step, the electronic control unit manages the operation of the brewing unit 2; however, according to the present invention, the electronic control unit is programmed to manage the operation of the brewing unit 2 in a different manner than if the comparison step indicates that the actual data does not match the reference data.

[0104] In some embodiments, the electronic control unit is programmed to allow beverage preparation only when the comparison step indicates that the actual data matches the reference data.

[0105] In some embodiments where the electronic control unit is connected to the hot water supply devices to control their operation, the electronic control unit is programmed to control the operation of the hot water supply devices in a different manner than if the comparison step indicates that the actual data matches the reference data, rather than if the comparison step indicates that the actual data does not match the reference data.

[0106] In some embodiments, if the comparison step indicates that the actual data does not match the reference data, the electronic control unit may be programmed to operate the hot water supply device by adopting a safe supply parameter compared to the safe supply parameter adopted if a match exists.

[0107] The different procedures described above are intended to differentiate between original and non-original capsules, and allow either brewing with only original capsules or brewing with non-original capsules, but using different brewing parameters (e.g., safety parameters).

[0108] In some embodiments, the stored reference data includes multiple individual alternatives, and the electronic control unit is programmed to control the operation of the hot water supply device differently depending on which of the various possible reference data alternatives the actual data matches. In this case, providing different reference data alternatives is intended to allow the electronic control unit not only to differentiate between original and non-original capsules, but also to identify different types of original capsules and to be able to set different brewing parameters for each type.

[0109] In the context described above, various innovative aspects that constitute the core of this invention have been developed, including the subject matter of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

[0110] The first innovative aspect of the invention (which is the subject of the appended claims) that can be implemented independently of other aspects relates to the shape of the reading surface 12 (that is, the shape of a portion of the surface of the identification element 11) which faces the return light radiation acquisition surface 27 of the detection device 13 when the capsule 4 is closed in the filling chamber 3. According to the first innovative aspect, the reading surface 12 is formed with a convex surface pointing toward the detection device 13, or, considering only the capsule 4, the convex surface pointing toward the side opposite to the side where the powdered food substance 5 is located (generally toward the feed wall 9). In a preferred embodiment, the reading surface 12 has a shape similar to that of a spherical shroud, preferably having a radius of curvature between 2 and 5 millimeters.

[0111] In a preferred embodiment, at least the reading surface 12 is formed in a portion of the identification element 11, which, as a whole, has stable dimensions under conditions of use; that is, this portion allows it to maintain its overall shape and, most importantly, the convexity described above. In some embodiments, as already indicated, this is achieved by associating the identification element 11 with the dispensing unit 14, or by using the dispensing unit 14 directly as the identification element 11. This does not change the fact that the identification element 11, as a whole, may be subject to small elastic deformations, such as those described below.

[0112] Advantageously, if the dispensing unit 14 includes a recess 16 for receiving the first perforated unit 17, the reading surface 12 is positioned on the bottom of the recess 16, such as, for example, in Figure 5 As illustrated in the figure, the reading surface 12 is generally convex, although it has a horizontal central portion and side portions with a spherical shape.

[0113] This first innovative design offers at least two significant benefits. First, making the surface convex as a single unit significantly reduces the risk of false negatives due to the presence of powder particles (of food substance) on the reading surface 12 itself. Second, the convex shape of the reading surface 12 reduces the risk of deformation in the mold due to material shrinkage when the dispensing unit 14 and the identification element 11 are manufactured as a single unit via injection molding; conversely, material shrinkage has been observed to be more likely to occur if the reading surface is completely flat. Avoiding these deformations can be important because a deformed reading surface 12 could prevent correct identification by the detection device 13.

[0114] The first innovation described above can be achieved both when making system 1 (brewing unit 2 and capsule 4) and when making capsules only for another already developed system.

[0115] According to a second innovative aspect, which is also achievable independently of the other three innovative aspects, the present invention provides for: firstly, fabricating an identification element 11 using a material capable of emitting / reflecting light radiation with predetermined characteristics if it is illuminated by incident light radiation having a predetermined wavelength band. In particular, a preferred embodiment provides for the use of a fluorescent material (i.e., a material capable of emitting light radiation in the visible range if illuminated by light radiation in the ultraviolet range) for fabricating the identification element 11. A more general implementation of the second innovative aspect provides for the use of measurements of how the intensity of the returned light radiation is distributed across multiple bands of wavelength as an identification criterion. In particular, it provides for the identification of a main band of wavelength and multiple secondary bands separated from each other within that main band. In a preferred embodiment, the secondary bands collectively define the entire main band. Using the total intensity of the returned light radiation in the main band as a reference, an assessment is then made of how much of that total intensity is associated with the wave frequencies included in each secondary band. Thus, the intensity associated with each individual secondary band can vary between 0% and 100% of the total intensity in the main band.

[0116] Again, according to the second aspect of innovation, the detection device 13 and / or the electronic control unit are therefore configured to use the division (sometimes also called a class) of the total intensity of the returned light radiation detected by the detection device 13 in the main band as the true data. Advantageously, this division is evaluated as the ratio of the intensity in each secondary band to the total intensity in the main band, that is, as a share of the total intensity associated with the main band, which is associated with each secondary band. If the main band corresponds to the sum of the secondary bands, the total intensity in the main band is equal to the sum of the intensities in the three secondary bands.

[0117] Similarly, the reference data includes one or more combinations of divisions of the total intensity into each secondary band. Each of these combinations of divisions of the total intensity includes, for each secondary band, a range of permissible values ​​for the share of the intensity of the returned optical radiation received in that secondary band relative to the total intensity received in the primary band. For example, in the preferred embodiment described below, where three secondary bands exist, the reference data includes one or more of the following combinations:

[0118] - Combination A: The intensity in the first secondary band is in the range of 20-45%, the intensity in the second secondary band is in the range of 30-40%, and the intensity in the third secondary band is in the range of 20-40%.

[0119] - Combination B: The intensity in the first secondary band is in the range of 3-8%, the intensity in the second secondary band is in the range of 60-72%, and the intensity in the third secondary band is in the range of 20-32%.

[0120] - Combination C: The intensity in the first secondary band is in the range of 0-3%, the intensity in the second secondary band is in the range of 25-40%, and the intensity in the third secondary band is in the range of 60-75%.

[0121] According to a second innovative aspect of the invention, the electronic control unit is programmed to perform a comparison step and indicate a match between the real data and the reference data when the real data associated with each secondary band falls within the corresponding range of the same intensity combination (A, B, or C in the example) included in the reference data.

[0122] In a preferred embodiment of the second innovative aspect of the invention, in which fluorescent materials are used, the illumination device 26 is configured to illuminate the reading surface 12 with incident light radiation having a wavelength band that at least partially includes the ultraviolet range, preferably between 360 and 405 nanometers. As seen above, this result can be advantageously achieved at low cost using LEDs 31 associated with appropriately configured dichroic mirrors. In particular, in some embodiments, the LEDs used are... Figure 20 The LED in question is the LDUV2043. This LED has an 80-nanometer-wide emission band centered at a frequency of 400 nanometers. Therefore, a dichroic filter filters out its upper band (405-440 nanometers).

[0123] In a preferred embodiment, the three secondary bands are as follows:

[0124] - It has a first secondary band with wavelengths between 600 nm and 700 nm;

[0125] -A second secondary band with wavelengths between 500 nm and 600 nm; and

[0126] - It has a third secondary band with wavelengths between 400 nm and 500 nm;

[0127] Furthermore, the main band corresponds to these three bands that are linked together (the values ​​from 400 nm to 700 nm - 500 nm and 600 nm are preferably each included in only one secondary band).

[0128] In some preferred embodiments, the sensor used is the BH1749NUC sensor from ROHM.

[0129] The reference data stored in the electronic control unit for the comparison step consists of at least one combination of intensity to the division of three sub-bands, wherein, for each sub-band, there is preferably an allowable range for a corresponding share of the total intensity.

[0130] More specifically, regarding the division of intensity into three secondary bands, the applicant's extensive experiments have allowed for the identification of several preferred combinations, which enable optimization of the identification operation in the preferred embodiments. For the three secondary bands defined above, the three preferred combinations are as follows (wherein, as already indicated, each percentage value refers to the ratio of the intensity in that secondary band to the sum of the intensities in the three secondary bands):

[0131] - Combination A: The intensity in the first secondary band is in the range of 20-45%, the intensity in the second secondary band is in the range of 30-40%, and the intensity in the third secondary band is in the range of 20-40%.

[0132] - Combination B: The intensity in the first secondary band is in the range of 3-8%, the intensity in the second secondary band is in the range of 60-72%, and the intensity in the third secondary band is in the range of 20-32%.

[0133] - Combination C: The intensity in the first secondary band is in the range of 0-3%, the intensity in the second secondary band is in the range of 25-40%, and the intensity in the third secondary band is in the range of 60-75%.

[0134] According to a second innovative aspect of the invention, as already shown, the electronic control unit is programmed to perform a comparison step and indicate a match between the real data and the reference data when the real data associated with each secondary band falls within a corresponding range provided for the same intensity combination (A, B, or C) in the reference data.

[0135] For example, if the detected real data indicates that the intensity of the light radiation detected as a whole in the main band is divided as follows: 38% in the first secondary band, 33% in the second secondary band, and 29% in the third secondary band, then it falls within combination A, and the result of the comparison step will be a match. Conversely, if the detected real data indicates that the intensity of the light radiation detected as a whole in the main band is divided as follows: 38% in the first secondary band, 41% in the second secondary band, and 21% in the third secondary band, this division does not fall within any combination of the defined reference data (although for two of the three secondary bands, they match combination A), and therefore, the result of the comparison step will be no match.

[0136] In some embodiments, the reference data includes a single combination of intensities, particularly in a preferred embodiment, one of combination A, combination B, or combination C.

[0137] Conversely, in other embodiments, the reference data includes two or more combinations of intensities. In this case, the electronic control unit is advantageously programmed to control the operation of the hot water supply device in different ways based on combinations of stored reference data and actual data.

[0138] In some embodiments according to the second aspect of the innovation, the detection device 13 advantageously includes one or more filters coupled to the electronic sensor 33 to filter light radiation having frequencies that do not match the main band, thereby reducing the occurrence of any electromagnetic "noise". Figure 17 In the embodiment illustrated in the diagram, the first filter is a dichroic filter configured to allow only visible light radiation to pass through. However, downstream of the dichroic mirror is a Wratten filter 34 (that is, a filter that allows visible radiation to pass through while filtering ultraviolet radiation). In particular, the 430FWP7575 filter manufactured by Knight Optics Ltd., mentioned earlier, can be used. Figure 19 The filter was mentioned. Figure 19 The percentage of intensity transmitted through the filter based on wavelength (in nanometers) is shown.

[0139] Regarding capsule 4, according to the second aspect of innovation, the identification element 11 is made of a material that, when illuminated by incident light radiation having wavelengths between 360 and 405 nanometers, emits and / or reflects returned light radiation having an intensity of light radiation divided into each of the aforementioned three secondary bands, the division being selected from the group consisting of combinations A, B, and C. For example, this result can be obtained by adding a suitable fluorescent pigment to the mixture used to make the identification element 11.

[0140] Therefore, the second aspect of innovation described above can be implemented both in the complete system 1 (brewing unit 2 and capsule 4) and only for the production of extraction units or capsules intended for use in other already developed systems 1 (that is, the scope of the second aspect of innovation covers both the brewing unit 2, which is capable of using capsules conforming to the above description, and capsules in which the identification element 11 has the behavior described above).

[0141] Turning to a third independent innovative aspect of the invention, this relates to the specific interaction between the first perforated unit 17 and the identification element 11.

[0142] According to the third innovation, the return light radiation acquisition surface 27 is first fixed to the first perforated unit 17 in this manner to take a predetermined position (except for design tolerances) in the infusion chamber 3.

[0143] Advantageously, the return light radiation acquisition surface 27 is formed by a first end 29 of the light radiation transmission element 28. In some embodiments, the light radiation transmission element 28 extends partially in a manner that is either parallel or coaxial with the intake tube 22.

[0144] The first perforation unit 17 has a distal portion 35, which is configured to pierce the feed wall 9 of the capsule 4, and in the brewing configuration, the distal portion 35 protrudes beyond the return light radiation acquisition surface 27 inside the filling chamber 3. Figure 9 and Figure 10 ).

[0145] Advantageously, the distal portion 35 is positioned off-center from the central axis of the return light radiation acquisition surface 27 only on one side. Preferably, the outlet 23 of the intake tube 22 is positioned on the opposite side of the return light radiation acquisition surface 27.

[0146] In the illustrated embodiment ( Figure 8 and Figure 9 The distal portion 35 has two flat side surfaces 36 that converge on a cutting edge 37 that extends radially from the inside to the outside and is angled in such a way that the outer portion 38 protrudes more into the injection chamber 3 than the inner portion 39.

[0147] Given the dimensions of the first perforated unit 17 and the infusion chamber 3, the capsule 4 is configured and sized in such a way that, according to the method described below, when the capsule 4 is inserted into the infusion chamber 3, the first perforated unit 17 contacts the identification element 11.

[0148] The advantage is that there are two alternative possibilities.

[0149] According to the first possibility, when the capsule 4 is contained in the infusion chamber 3, the distal portion 35 of the first perforated unit 17 rests on the identification element 11, and the return light radiation acquisition surface 27 is at a predetermined distance from the identification element 11 (solution not shown).

[0150] Conversely, according to the second possibility, when the capsule 4 is contained in the infusion chamber 3, the distal portion 35 of the first perforated unit 17 is partially inserted into the identification element 11 (that is, it penetrates it, but only partially, and no hole is made through it), and the returned light radiation acquisition surface 27 is at a certain distance from the identification element 11. Figure 14 ), or at most placed on the identification element 11 itself ( Figure 15 ).

[0151] In all these cases, the distance between the return light radiation acquisition surface 27 and the identification element 11 never exceeds a predetermined distance (determined at the design stage, except for manufacturing tolerances).

[0152] This result can be achieved by: on the one hand, making the identification element 11 in such a way that it is movable inward in the infusion chamber 3 under the thrust of the distal portion 35 of the first perforated unit 17; and on the other hand, appropriately determining the size of the first perforated unit 17 and / or the capsule 4.

[0153] In a preferred embodiment where the identification element 11 is associated with or constituted by the dispensing unit 14, the mobility of the identification element 11 is obtained solely by the elastic deformability of the dispensing unit 14 itself, although the dispensing unit 14 has stable dimensions, it can be slightly bent in its central region where the recess 16 is located. It should be noted that the required stroke is generally likely to be about a fraction of a millimeter.

[0154] Conversely, when the capsule 4 is inserted into the infusion chamber 3, the size is determined by providing some physical interference between the first perforated unit 17 and the dispensing element during the design phase. Figure 12 and Figure 13 The diagram illustrates an example of design dimension determination with interference, which ensures contact between the first perforated unit 17 and the identification element 11 even when considering the most unfavorable combination of manufacturing tolerances.

[0155] If the reading surface 12 forms a convex surface that guides the detection device 13, the distal portion 35 of the first perforated unit 17, as provided by the first innovative aspect, contacts the convex reading surface 12 and functions accordingly. Figure 14 and 15 As shown in the diagram.

[0156] The third innovation described above can be achieved both when the complete system 1 (brewing unit 2 and capsule 4) is manufactured, and when only brewing unit 2 or only capsules are manufactured.

[0157] The final innovative aspect, which is also independent of one or more other aspects of the application, firstly provides for the hot water supply device configured to supply hot water inside the capsule 4 at the reading surface 12 of the identification element 11 (when the capsule 4 is inserted into the filling chamber 3, the illumination device 26 and the detection device 13 guide toward the reading surface).

[0158] In particular, the hot water supply device is configured to supply hot water inside the capsule 4 at the reading surface 12 of the identification element 11 in such a way that the supplied water flows on the reading surface 12 and thus can remove any powder particles present thereon.

[0159] According to a fourth aspect of the invention, the electronic control unit is programmed to perform a cleaning step for cleaning the identification element 11 by activating a hot water supply device for cleaning the reading surface 12 when the first execution of the comparison step has indicated that the actual data detected by the detection device 13 does not match the reference data (that is, when no match exists).

[0160] The basic principle for the cleaning steps used to clean the identification element 11 is as follows: a limited amount of water is supplied (that is, insufficient to cause brewing of the beverage, or at least not fully brewed), but sufficient to remove any powder particles that may remain on the reading surface 12. To achieve this result, controlling the pressure and / or flow rate of the supplied water may also be useful.

[0161] In some embodiments, the electronic control unit is programmed to perform a cleaning step by activating the hot water supply device for a period of 1 to 2 seconds.

[0162] In some embodiments, the electronic control unit is programmed to perform the cleaning step by activating the hot water supply device to supply a water volume between 5 and 15 ml.

[0163] In some embodiments, the electronic control unit is programmed to perform a cleaning step by activating a hot water supply device having a flow rate between 23 and 29 l / h.

[0164] In some embodiments, the electronic control unit is programmed to perform cleaning steps by activating a hot water supply device to supply water at a pressure of 1.5 to 12 bar.

[0165] Furthermore, according to the fourth aspect of innovation, in some embodiments, after the cleaning step has been performed, the electronic control unit is programmed to acquire new real data relating to the cleaned reading surface 12 from the detection device 13, and to perform the comparison step a second time using this new real data. It can be inferred that if the cleaning step effectively cleaned the reading surface 12, the new real data will differ from the real data used in the first execution of the comparison step, while if the reading surface 12 is already clean, or if the cleaning step does not allow for the removal of any existing dirt, the new real data will be substantially the same as the previous real data.

[0166] In some embodiments, the electronic control unit is programmed to perform cleaning steps multiple times, alternating with waiting steps.

[0167] In some embodiments, when the first execution of the comparison step has shown that the actual data does not match the reference data, the electronic control unit is programmed to continuously repeat the comparison step during the execution of one or more cleaning steps. In some embodiments, the electronic control unit is programmed to interrupt one or more cleaning steps and proceed to a management step when the comparison step indicates that the actual data matches the reference data.

[0168] In particular, the electronic control unit is programmed to continuously acquire new real data related to the reading surface 12 from the detection device 13 even during the cleaning step, and if necessary, at a predetermined time after the cleaning step, and to perform a comparison step by continuously checking the gradually acquired new real data.

[0169] When the final comparison step provided has also ended (by checking the data only once after the cleaning step, or during the cleaning step, and even continuously after the cleaning step if necessary), the electronic control unit is programmed to also execute the management step again, this time based on the result of the second execution of the comparison step, that is, based on whether the comparison step found a match between the real data and the reference data.

[0170] In some embodiments, when even one or more further executions of the comparison step have shown that the actual data detected by the detection device 13 does not match the reference data, the electronic unit is programmed to consider the lack of matching as certain and to perform management steps and thus take effect regarding the activation or deactivation of the hot water supply device.

[0171] Conversely, in other embodiments, when the second execution of the comparison step has shown that the actual data detected by the detection device 13 does not match the reference data, the electronic control unit is programmed to execute the cleaning step and the comparison step again in succession based on the result obtained from the last execution of the comparison step.

[0172] In some embodiments, this can be repeated multiple times before proceeding with the management steps if the most recent previous execution of the comparison step has shown that the real data does not match the reference data.

[0173] During the cleaning steps following the first execution, different execution parameters can even be provided, specifically parameters that can determine the improvement in cleaning of surface 12 compared to the last execution (e.g., compared to the execution of the cleaning steps immediately preceding the last one: supplying a larger amount of water, supplying at a higher flow rate / pressure, or supplying for a longer time).

[0174] For example, in some embodiments, the cleaning step is performed up to three times, each lasting between 1 and 2 seconds (preferably equal to 1.5 seconds), alternating with waiting steps that advantageously have the same duration. In this case, the water pumped for cleaning may be approximately 10-13 ml at the first execution, then gradually increased to approximately 26-32 ml in total at the end of the third execution. Between the start of the first execution and the end of the third execution, the supply pressure may gradually increase from approximately 1.5 bar to approximately 12 bar. In these embodiments, the comparison step is performed continuously from the start of the first execution of the cleaning step until the end of the last execution of the cleaning step. Furthermore, the cleaning cycle is immediately interrupted once the comparison step indicates that the actual data detected by the detection device 13 matches the reference data.

[0175] The fourth innovation described above can be applied both when making the entire system 1 (brewing unit 2 and capsule 4) and when making only brewing unit 2.

[0176] Regarding innovation, the operation of various embodiments of the system 1 according to the present invention is readily derived from the foregoing description, and this operation is similar to that of prior art systems regarding the insertion and removal of capsule 4 and the formation of beverage.

[0177] This invention offers significant advantages. Further advantages are provided by other innovative aspects of this invention.

[0178] As a result of the present invention, a system for making beverages can be provided. This type of system uses an optical recognition element placed inside a capsule, which is less susceptible to false negatives due to the presence of powder particles on the reading surface, and in the case of an injection-molded recognition element, due to the molding deformation of the reading surface.

[0179] Further advantages are provided by other innovative aspects of this invention.

[0180] As a result of the second innovation, a system for making beverages can already be provided, which is based on an extremely reliable identification standard using an optical identification element placed inside the capsule, an alternative to those in the prior art.

[0181] As a result of the third innovation, a system for making beverages is now available that uses an optical recognition element placed inside the capsule. This system ensures a high level of recognition reliability despite the use of normal manufacturing tolerances when making the brewing unit and the capsule.

[0182] As a result of the fourth innovation, a system for making beverages can already be provided, which uses an optical recognition element placed inside the capsule, minimizing the risk of false negatives caused by the presence of particles of powder on the reading surface.

[0183] Finally, it should be noted that the present invention is relatively easy to produce, and even the cost associated with implementing the present invention is not very high.

[0184] The invention described above can be modified and adjusted in several ways without departing from the scope of the concept of the invention.

[0185] All the details can be replaced by other technically equivalent elements, and the materials used, as well as the shape and size of the various components, can be varied according to requirements.

Claims

1. A system for making beverages, the system comprising: A brewing unit (2) and a capsule (4) containing a powdered food substance (5), the capsule (4) comprising: a shell (6) in which an inlet wall (9) and an outlet wall (10) are identifiable; and an identification element (11) disposed inside the shell (6) and inserted between the shell (6) and the powdered food substance (5), wherein the brewing unit (2) comprises a first part (19) and a second part (20) switchable between an original configuration and a brewing configuration, wherein in the original configuration the first part (19) and the second part (20) are spaced apart from each other, and in the brewing configuration the first part (19) and the second part (20) are connected and define the boundary of a filling chamber (3) therebetween, wherein the capsule (4) is configured to be inserted into the filling chamber (3), wherein the brewing unit (2) comprises: A first perforation unit (17) configured to pierce the feed wall (9) of the capsule (4) inserted in the filling chamber (3); a supply device for supplying hot water through the feed wall (9) into the capsule (4) inserted in the filling chamber (3); and a device for causing a beverage to flow out from the capsule (4) inserted in the filling chamber (3) through the discharge wall (10), the beverage having been formed after the hot water interacts with the powdered food substance (5); An illumination device (26) associated with the first perforated unit (17) and configured to illuminate the identification element (11) with incident light radiation having a known wavelength band, and a detection device (13) associated with the first perforated unit (17) and configured to detect returned light radiation emitted and / or reflected by the identification element (11) after being illuminated by the incident light radiation; An electronic control unit, connected to the detection device (13) to receive real data relating to the characteristics of the returned light radiation, is programmed to perform: a comparison step in which the real data is compared with stored reference data; and a management step in which it manages the operation of the brewing unit (2) in a different manner than if the comparison step indicates that the real data matches the reference data. Furthermore, the identification element (11) has a reading surface (12) that receives reflected light radiation from the detection device (13) when the capsule (4) is closed in the filling chamber (3). The system is characterized in that when the capsule (4) is closed in the filling chamber (3), the reading surface (12) forms a convex surface that guides the viewer toward the detection device (13). The capsule (4) further includes a dispensing unit (14) which is inserted between the feed wall (9) and the powdered food substance (5) and is equipped with at least one through-hole or is water-permeable. The identification element (11) is associated with the dispensing unit (14), integrated into the dispensing unit (14), or constituted by the dispensing unit (14). The dispensing unit (14) has a recess (16) with a bottom, and the reading surface (12) is positioned at the bottom of the recess (16); and The capsule (4) is either fully recyclable or fully compostable.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein, The recess (16) is configured to receive the first perforated unit (17) when the capsule (4) is inserted into the infusion chamber (3).

3. The system according to claim 2, wherein, The detection device (13) includes a light radiation transmission element (28) for collecting the returned light radiation, and wherein the recess (16) is configured to receive one end of the light radiation transmission element (28).

4. A capsule for making a beverage, said capsule containing a powdered food substance (5), and comprising: The outer casing (6) contains an identifiable inlet wall (9) and outlet wall (10); And an optical identification element (11) placed inside the outer shell (6) and inserted between the outer shell (6) and the powdered food substance (5), wherein the capsule (4) is fully recyclable or fully compostable and the identification element (11) has a reading surface (12) configured to face the detection device (13) and optically interact with the detection device (13) when the capsule (4) is closed in the filling chamber (3) of the brewing unit (2), characterized in that the reading surface (12) forms a guide to the powdered food substance. The capsule further includes a convex surface on the opposite side of the side containing the substance (5), wherein the capsule further includes a dispensing unit (14) inserted between the feed wall (9) and the powdered food substance (5) and equipped with at least one through hole or water-permeable, and wherein the identification element (11) is associated with the dispensing unit (14), integrated in the dispensing unit (14) or constituted by the dispensing unit (14), wherein the dispensing unit (14) has a recess (16), and the reading surface (12) is positioned on the bottom of the recess (16).

5. The capsule according to claim 4, wherein, The recess (16) is configured to receive the perforated unit of the brewing unit (2) when the capsule (4) is inserted into the infusion chamber (3).

6. The capsule according to claim 5, wherein, The detection device (13) includes a light radiation transmission element (28) for collecting the return light radiation emitted and / or reflected by the identification element (11) after being illuminated by incident light radiation, and wherein the recess (16) is configured to accommodate one end of the light radiation transmission element (28).

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