Liquid centering fixture and processing method for ring parts processing

Abstract

The present invention discloses a liquid centering fixture for processing annular parts, comprising a positioning body, with a first mounting shaft and a second mounting shaft arranged along the axial direction of the positioning body; an elastic sleeve, arranged between the first mounting shaft and the second mounting shaft, comprising a first cylinder arranged along the circumferential side wall of the positioning body, and a second cylinder connected to the first cylinder and arranged in the positioning body; the second cylinder is symmetrically arranged in an "X" shape as a whole; liquid plastic is filled in the elastic sleeve; an elastic bushing is sleeved on the outer wall of the first cylinder and used to install the annular part; a pressure cover is arranged on the circular end face of the positioning body and connected to the elastic bushing. The fixture uses the liquid plastic to tighten into place to fix the annular part on the elastic bushing, so that the contact between the elastic bushing and the annular part is tightly combined, without gaps, and with good overall rigidity; the present invention also provides a method for processing annular parts, using the above-mentioned fixture to fix the annular part for processing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of parts fixtures, and in particular relates to a liquid centering fixture for annular parts processing and a processing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] When machining parts on machine tools, in order to ensure that the surface of the parts can meet the technical requirements of assembly size, geometric shape, and relative position accuracy with other surfaces, a fixture is required to install (position) and clamp (clamp) the parts before machining.

[0003] Thin-walled annular parts are used in aero-engine manufacturing. At present, with the continuous improvement of the design level of the aviation industry, the requirements for the precision of parts assembly are getting higher and higher. This requires high processing precision of annular parts during the parts processing process. The processing precision of parts is closely related to the fixture.

[0004] In aviation manufacturing, certain annular parts are machined using grouped mandrels and tapered shafts. These thin-walled parts, designed to be less than 3mm thick, must meet requirements such as an outer diameter tolerance of 0.025mm, a geometric coaxiality tolerance of 0.05mm, and a surface roughness of 0.4. Furthermore, the axial positioning surface of the part's inner bore is very short, only 4mm in length, resulting in unstable positioning of the annular part in the fixture. This makes it difficult to maintain the outer diameter machining dimensions and geometric tolerance requirements, which in turn makes it difficult to guarantee surface roughness specifications, resulting in a very low product processing qualification rate. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a liquid centering fixture for processing annular parts.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A liquid centering fixture for processing annular parts, comprising a positioning body, with a first installation axis and a second installation axis arranged along the axial direction of the positioning body;

[0008] An elastic sleeve is disposed between the first mounting shaft and the second mounting shaft, and includes a first cylindrical body disposed along the circumferential side wall of the positioning body, and a second cylindrical body connected to the first cylindrical body and disposed within the positioning body; the second cylindrical body is symmetrically arranged in an "X" shape; and the elastic sleeve is filled with liquid plastic;

[0009] an elastic bushing, sleeved on the outer wall of the first cylinder and used for mounting an annular part;

[0010] The pressure cover is arranged on the circular end surface of the positioning body and is connected with the elastic bushing.

[0011] Preferably, a support ring for supporting an annular part is provided along the circumferential side wall of the positioning body, and the support ring is provided close to the elastic bushing.

[0012] Preferably, the first installation shaft and the second installation shaft are arranged on two opposite circular end surfaces of the positioning body and are detachably connected to the positioning body.

[0013] Preferably, the first cylinder, the elastic bushing and the second installation shaft are all arranged on the same side of the positioning body; and the first cylinder and the elastic bushing are both extended from the circular end surface of the positioning body toward the first installation shaft.

[0014] Preferably, the gland is connected to the positioning body via a first screw; and a second screw for locking the elastic sleeve is provided on the gland.

[0015] Preferably, two openings are respectively provided at one end of the second cylinder away from the first cylinder, and the two openings are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the positioning body; and a blocking member is provided on the opening.

[0016] Preferably, the blocking member includes a plunger disposed in the opening, and a third screw connected to the plunger.

[0017] Preferably, a gasket is connected to the side wall of the second cylinder; and the gasket is arranged between the gland and the second cylinder.

[0018] Preferably, a plurality of pins are provided on the positioning body.

[0019] A method for processing an annular part, using the above-mentioned liquid centering fixture to fix the annular part for processing, comprises the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: Prepare liquid plastic by using polyvinyl chloride plastic particles as the main material, adding solvent, heating and melting to soften it, and then adding gypsum powder to form liquid plastic;

[0021] Step 2: Assemble the liquid centering fixture and install the support ring, elastic sleeve, and elastic bushing on the positioning body respectively;

[0022] Step 3: Sleeve the annular part onto the elastic bushing, fix the gland onto the positioning body, and tighten it with screws;

[0023] Step 4: Open one of the plungers and add liquid plastic into the elastic sleeve. Use the liquid plastic to expand and tighten to fix the annular part on the elastic sleeve.

[0024] Step 5: After the annular part is fixed, it is ground.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0026] The present invention provides a liquid centering fixture for processing annular parts, which uses liquid plastic to expand and tighten into place to fix the annular part on an elastic bushing. The expansion and tightening can make the contact between the elastic bushing and the annular part tightly combined, without gaps, and with good overall rigidity; the second cylinder of the elastic sleeve is symmetrically arranged in an "X" shape as a whole, and the part positioning is accurate and stable.

[0027] Liquid centering fixtures are used to fix the annular parts, which ensures stable positioning, high reliability and good repeatability during the entire grinding process, greatly improving the product processing qualification rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a liquid centering fixture for machining annular parts according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure markings: 1-positioning body, 2-first mounting shaft, 3-second mounting shaft, 4-elastic sleeve, 41-first cylinder, 42-second cylinder, 43-liquid plastic, 5-elastic bushing, 6-annular part, 7-pressure cover, 71-first screw, 72-second screw, 8-support ring, 9-sealing part, 91-plunger, 92-third screw, 10-gasket, 11-pin shaft, 12-fourth screw, 13-fifth screw, 14-sixth screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. However, it should not be understood that the scope of the subject matter described in the present invention is limited to the following embodiments. Without departing from the above technical ideas of the present invention, various modifications, substitutions and changes made according to common technical knowledge and customary means in the field are included in the scope of the present invention.

[0032] Reference Figure 1, a liquid centering fixture for annular part processing in the present invention is used to fix annular parts 6 for processing. The fixture includes a positioning body 1, and a first mounting shaft 2 and a second mounting shaft 3 are arranged along the axial direction of the positioning body 1; specifically, the first mounting shaft 2 and the second mounting shaft 3 are arranged on two opposite circular end faces of the positioning body 1, and are detachably connected to the positioning body 1. In this embodiment, the first mounting shaft 2 is fixed to one circular end face of the positioning body 1 by a fourth screw 12; the second mounting shaft 3 is fixed to the other end face of the positioning body 1 by a fifth screw 13. In order to facilitate the positioning of the first mounting shaft 2 and the second mounting shaft 3, pin holes are provided on the opposite circular end faces of the positioning body 1, and pin shafts 11 corresponding to the pin holes are respectively provided on the first mounting shaft 2 and the second mounting shaft 3. For the convenience of distinction, the pin holes on the opposite circular end faces of the positioning body 1 are called first pin holes, and the pin shafts 11 on the first mounting shaft 2 and the second mounting shaft 3 are called first pin shafts. In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the fixation of the first mounting shaft 2 and the second mounting shaft 3 to the positioning body 1 respectively, the first mounting shaft 2 and the second mounting shaft 3 are respectively fixed on a mounting plate, and the fourth screw 12 and the fifth screw 13 are respectively correspondingly arranged on the mounting plate.

[0033] The elastic sleeve 4 is arranged between the first mounting axis 2 and the second mounting axis 3, and includes a first cylinder 41 arranged along the circumferential side wall of the positioning body 1, and a second cylinder 42 connected to the first cylinder 41 and arranged in the positioning body 1; the first cylinder 41 is arranged in a circular ring as a whole; in this embodiment, a pin hole is provided at the side wall of the positioning body 1 where the first cylinder 41 is installed, and correspondingly, a pin shaft 11 is provided on the first cylinder 41, and the first cylinder 41 is positioned on the positioning body 1 through the pin shaft 11. In this embodiment, there are two pin holes, which are correspondingly arranged on the opposite side walls of the positioning body 1. To avoid confusion, the pin hole on the side wall of the positioning body 1 is called the second pin hole, and the pin shaft 11 on the first cylinder 41 is called the second pin shaft. The second cylinder 42 is symmetrically arranged in an "X" shape as a whole; liquid plastic 43 is filled in the elastic sleeve 4.

[0034] Two openings are provided at the end of the second cylindrical body 42 facing away from the first cylindrical body 41. These openings are used to add liquid plastic 43 into the elastic sleeve 4. The two openings are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the positioning body 1. Sealing members 9 are provided on the openings. The sealing member 9 includes a plunger 91 disposed within the opening and a third screw 92 connected to the plunger 91.

[0035] The elastic bushing 5 is sleeved onto the outer wall of the first cylindrical body 41 and is used to mount the annular component 6. To ensure the stability of the annular component 6, a support ring 8 is provided along the circumferential sidewall of the positioning body 1 to support the annular component 6. The support ring is positioned adjacent to the elastic bushing 5. In this embodiment, threaded holes are provided at corresponding positions on the support ring 8 and the positioning body 1 to ensure the stability of the support ring 8. The support ring 8 is fixed to the sidewall of the positioning body 1 via a sixth screw 14.

[0036] The first cylinder 41 , the elastic bushing 5 and the second installation shaft 3 are all arranged on the same side of the positioning body 1 ; and the first cylinder 41 and the elastic bushing 5 are both extended from the circular end surface of the positioning body 1 toward the first installation shaft 2 .

[0037] When the clamp is needed to fix the annular part 6, the annular part 6 is placed on the outer wall of the elastic bushing 5 and supported by the supporting ring 8. One of the plungers 91 is opened by the third screw 92, and liquid plastic 43 is added to the elastic sleeve 4. The annular part 6 is fixed to the elastic bushing 5 by the expansion of the liquid plastic 43.

[0038] The gland 7 is mounted on the circular end surface of the positioning body 1 and connected to the elastic bushing 5. Specifically, the gland 7 is connected to the positioning body 1 via a first screw 71. A second screw 72 is provided on the gland 7 for locking the elastic sleeve 4. After the annular component 6 is fitted over the elastic bushing 5, the first screw 71 secures the gland 7 to the positioning body 1, and the second screw 72 is tightened to compress the elastic bushing 5. In this embodiment, the gland 7 is an annular cover.

[0039] A gasket 10 is connected to the side wall of the second cylinder 42 ; and the gasket 10 is disposed between the gland 7 and the second cylinder 42 .

[0040] The present invention provides a liquid centering fixture for processing annular parts, which uses the liquid plastic 43 to be tightened into place to fix the annular part 6 on the elastic bushing 5. The tightening into place can make the contact between the elastic bushing 5 and the annular part 6 tightly combined, without gaps, and with good overall rigidity; the second cylinder 42 of the elastic sleeve 4 is symmetrically arranged in an "X" shape as a whole, and the part positioning is accurate and stable.

[0041] The liquid centering fixture is used to fix the annular part 6, which has stable positioning, high reliability and good repeatability during the entire grinding process, greatly improving the product processing qualification rate.

[0042] The present invention also provides a method for processing an annular part, which uses the above-mentioned liquid centering fixture to fix the annular part 6 for processing, comprising the following steps:

[0043] Step 1: Liquid plastic 43 is prepared by adding a solvent to polyvinyl chloride plastic particles, heating and melting them to soften them, and then adding gypsum powder to form liquid plastic 43. Specifically, polyvinyl chloride plastic particles are added to a solvent and placed in a stainless steel container for heating. When heated to the temperature specified by the process, they melt and are kept warm for a period of time to soften them. Gypsum powder is placed in another stainless steel container, and the softened plastic particles are poured into the container containing the gypsum powder to form liquid plastic 43.

[0044] Step 2: Assemble the liquid centering fixture and install the support ring 8, elastic sleeve 4, and elastic bushing 5 on the positioning body 1 respectively; specifically, the sixth screw 14 of the support ring 8 is fixed to the side wall of the positioning body 1; the elastic sleeve 4 is sleeved on the side wall of the positioning body 1 and is arranged close to the support ring 8; the elastic bushing 5 is installed on the outer wall of the first cylinder 41;

[0045] Step 3: Sleeve the annular part 6 onto the elastic bushing 5, fix the gland 7 onto the circular end surface of the positioning body 1 and connect it to the elastic bushing 5 using the first screw 71, and tighten the elastic bushing 5 using the second screw 72;

[0046] Step 4: Open one of the plungers 91 and add liquid plastic 43 into the elastic sleeve 4. The liquid plastic 43 is tightened to fix the annular part 6 on the elastic bushing 5.

[0047] Step 5: After the annular part 6 is fixed, it is ground.

[0048] The above describes in detail the liquid centering fixture and processing method for annular parts provided by the present invention. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the structure and operating principles of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is intended only to facilitate understanding of the method and core concept of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art may make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such improvements and modifications fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A liquid centering fixture for processing annular parts, characterized by: It comprises a positioning body (1), wherein a first installation shaft (2) and a second installation shaft (3) are arranged along the axial direction of the positioning body (1); An elastic sleeve (4) is provided between the first mounting shaft (2) and the second mounting shaft (3), and comprises a first cylinder (41) provided along the circumferential side wall of the positioning body (1), and a second cylinder (42) connected to the first cylinder (41) and provided in the positioning body (1); the second cylinder (42) is symmetrically arranged in an "X" shape as a whole; and liquid plastic (43) is filled in the elastic sleeve (4); An elastic bushing (5) is sleeved on the outer wall of the first cylinder (41) and is used to mount the annular part (6); A pressure cover (7) is provided on the circular end surface of the positioning body (1) and is connected to the elastic bushing (5); A support ring (8) for supporting the annular part (6) is provided along the circumferential side wall of the positioning body (1), and the support ring is provided close to the elastic bushing (5); The first installation shaft (2) and the second installation shaft (3) are arranged on two opposite circular end surfaces of the positioning body (1) and are detachably connected to the positioning body (1); The first cylinder (41), the elastic bushing (5) and the second installation shaft (3) are all arranged on the same side of the positioning body (1); and the first cylinder (41) and the elastic bushing (5) are both extended from the circular end surface of the positioning body (1) toward the first installation shaft (2); The gland (7) is connected to the positioning body (1) via a first screw (71); a second screw (72) for locking the elastic sleeve (4) is provided on the gland (7); Two openings are respectively provided at one end of the second cylinder (42) facing away from the first cylinder (41), and the two openings are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the positioning body (1); and a blocking member (9) is provided on the openings; The blocking member (9) comprises a plunger (91) disposed in the opening, and a third screw (92) connected to the plunger (91).

2. The liquid centering fixture for annular parts processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gasket (10) is connected to the side wall of the second cylinder (42); and the gasket (10) is arranged between the pressure cover (7) and the second cylinder (42).

3. A liquid centering fixture for annular parts processing according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that: A plurality of pins (11) are provided on the positioning body (1).

4. A method for processing an annular part, characterized in that: The processing of fixing an annular part (6) by using the liquid centering fixture as claimed in claim 1 comprises the following steps: Step 1: preparing liquid plastic (43), using polyvinyl chloride plastic particles as the main material, adding a solvent, heating and melting to form a softened state, and then adding gypsum powder to form liquid plastic (43); Step 2: Assemble the liquid centering fixture and install the support ring (8), elastic sleeve (4), and elastic bushing (5) on the positioning body (1) respectively; Step 3: Sleeve the annular part (6) onto the elastic bushing (5), fix the gland (7) onto the positioning body (1), and tighten it with screws; Step 4: Open one of the plungers (91), add liquid plastic (43) into the elastic sleeve (4), and use the liquid plastic (43) to tighten the ring part (6) to the elastic bushing (5); Step 5: After the annular part (6) is fixed, it is ground.

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