A super-high altitude large-area ceiling structure and construction method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an ultra-high altitude large-area ceiling structure and construction method. The structure includes a ceiling component installed on the top of a building main body. The building main body includes a plurality of columns arranged on a basic structure, a truss structure installed on the columns, and a roof panel installed on the top of the truss structure. The building main body appears to be in the shape of a "bull head" when viewed from above. The ceiling component includes a hanging plate assembly, a main keel, a secondary keel, hanging parts, and a decorative surface. The method includes three-dimensional scanning, BIM modeling, engineering drawing production, hanging plate assembly installation, installation and adjustment of the main keel, installation and adjustment of the secondary keel, installation of hanging parts, and installation and adjustment of the decorative surface. The structure is spliced into an arc effect by flat decorative panels, has strong adjustability, and is easy to operate in construction. The construction method uses virtual modeling combined with on-site three-dimensional scanning to ensure the positional accuracy and smoothness of the decorative surface installation, and has high construction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of suspended ceiling construction, and in particular to an ultra-high altitude large-area suspended ceiling structure and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of modern cities, the number of large airports and high-speed rail stations is increasing. These buildings are characterized by high ceilings, large areas, wide sightlines, and minimal supporting structures. These characteristics make the construction of decorative ceilings relatively difficult. The main difficulties in construction are: on the one hand, small construction errors can cause significant changes in the overall shape, affecting the overall construction quality; on the other hand, the installation position of the decorative surface cannot be accurately measured, and positioning can only be estimated. In addition, some curved ceiling structures often require the curved surface of the ceiling panels to be spliced together, which increases the cost of panel processing. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an ultra-high-altitude large-area ceiling structure and construction method. The structure is spliced into an arc effect by flat decorative panels, has strong adjustability, and is easy to construct and operate. The construction method uses virtual modeling combined with on-site three-dimensional scanning to ensure the position accuracy and smoothness of the decorative surface installation, and has high construction efficiency.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A super-high altitude large-area ceiling structure includes a ceiling component installed on the top of a building main body, the building main body includes a plurality of columns arranged on a basic structure, a truss structure installed on the columns and a roof panel installed on the top of the truss structure, and the building main body appears triangular when viewed from above; the ceiling component includes a hanging plate assembly installed on the truss structure, a main keel adjustably installed on the hanging plate assembly, a secondary keel installed on the main keel, a hanging piece installed on the secondary keel and a decorative surface hanged on the hanging piece; the hanging plate assembly is composed of a connecting bracket fixedly connected to the truss structure, a truss structure adjustable to the main keel, a hanging piece installed on the secondary keel and a decorative surface hanged on the hanging piece The adapter plate installed on the connecting bracket and the steel hinge installed on the adapter plate are disassembled, and two mounting holes and two angle adjustment slots are symmetrically provided at both ends of the steel hinge; the main keel is installed between two adjacent hanging plate assemblies through a movable connecting piece, and one end of the movable connecting piece is connected to the mounting hole and the angle adjustment slot in an adjustable angle, and the other end of the movable connecting piece is connected to the main keel; a plurality of secondary keels are fixedly installed on the main keel through a U-shaped clamp, and the secondary keels are arranged perpendicular to the main keel; the decorative surface is a rectangular aluminum plate, and the four corners of the decorative surface are fixedly mounted on the hanging piece.

[0006] Preferably, the truss structure includes an upper chord ball, an upper chord rod installed on the upper chord ball, a lower chord ball, a lower chord rod installed on the lower chord ball, and a web connecting the upper chord ball and the lower chord ball; the hanging plate assembly is installed at the bottom of the lower chord ball.

[0007] Preferably, the connecting bracket includes a square tube fixedly connected to the lower chord ball and lateral connecting blocks fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom of the square tube, and the lateral connecting blocks are connected to the adapter plate through fasteners; a reinforcing rib plate is arranged between the lateral connecting block and the square tube.

[0008] Preferably, a first adjustable connecting hole, a second adjustable connecting hole, a third adjustable connecting hole and a fourth adjustable connecting hole are provided on the movable connecting member, the first adjustable connecting hole is connected to the mounting hole by a fastener, the second adjustable connecting hole is connected to the angle adjustment slot by a fastener, and the third adjustable connecting hole and the fourth adjustable connecting hole are connected to the main keel by fasteners.

[0009] Preferably, the hanging piece is in a cross shape, and a hanging rod is adjustably mounted on the hanging piece, and the other end of the hanging rod is connected to the decorative surface.

[0010] A construction method for an ultra-high altitude large-area ceiling structure comprises the following steps:

[0011] Step 1: 3D scanning. 3D laser scanning is performed before the construction of the suspended ceiling structure to quickly obtain the on-site structural construction dimensions, compare them with the theoretical model, and verify the early construction errors as a benchmark for further design.

[0012] Step 2: BIM modeling. During the in-depth design process, Rhino and Grasshopper software were mainly used to quickly build a detailed model, rationally optimize the curved surface of the roof, and save processing costs for the decorative surface.

[0013] Step 3: Produce engineering drawings. After matching the BIM model with the 3D scanned on-site structure, use Grasshopper software modular programming to quickly export the processing drawings of each component for production;

[0014] Step 4: Install the hanging plate assembly and fix the hanging plate assembly on the lower chord ball;

[0015] Step 5: Install and adjust the main keel. Install the main keel on the hanging plate assembly, adjust the main keel to a preset angle with the truss structure through the movable connector, and then fix the main keel.

[0016] Step 6: Install and adjust the secondary keel. Use a U-shaped clamp to fix the secondary keel on the main keel. During installation, the secondary keel and the main keel intersect vertically to form a grid system.

[0017] Step 7: Install the hanging fixtures on the secondary keel, with the center of the hanging fixture located at the midpoint of the diagonal of the four decorative surfaces;

[0018] Step 8. Install and adjust the decorative surface. The decorative surface uses 1200*1200*2.5mm aluminum plate. The back of the decorative surface is connected to the hanging fixture through a suspension rod. The installation angle of the decorative surface is adjusted by adjusting the connection length of the suspension rod. Install it piece by piece until the entire ceiling structure is completed.

[0019] Preferably, in step eight, the decorative surface is installed radiating from the center to the surrounding areas.

[0020] Preferably, in step eight, the decorative surface is installed by hoisting, and is transported to a high altitude by using a rope and a fixed pulley at the horseway, and the aluminum plate is suspended in the air and can be moved parallel to the installation.

[0021] In the present invention, the provided ceiling components are installed on the truss structure. The truss structure has good stability and can be manufactured into a complex, diverse, and large-space roof structure, which is beneficial to the overall structural design. The provided main keel is installed on the hanging plate assembly with an adjustable angle using a movable connector. The manufacturing and installation errors can be adjusted at any time during the assembly process, which is beneficial to the installation operation. At the same time, the main keel can preliminarily form the outline of the ceiling through its own installation angle adjustment, which is convenient for the curved surface design and installation operation of the decorative surface. The decorative surface adopts flat aluminum plates of equal size, and cooperates with the grid mounting frame of the main keel and the secondary keel to splice the curved surface shape with a flat surface. On the one hand, it reduces the manufacturing cost of the curved decorative surface. On the other hand, during the installation of the decorative surface of equal size, there is no need to consider the installation order and position, which simplifies the installation process and improves the installation efficiency. This construction method first uses 3D scanning of the completed on-site main structure, compares and analyzes the scanned model with the design model, and obtains the early construction error. The ceiling structure at the corresponding position is adjusted according to the error, and BIM modeling virtual simulation is used to further optimize the ceiling model. Processing and manufacturing are carried out according to the optimized model, which minimizes the phenomenon of large shape deviation during the installation process and ensures the process of the overall shape. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the ceiling component installation of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a vertical cross-sectional schematic diagram of a local structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a top view schematic diagram of the partial structure of the suspended ceiling of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5This is a simplified schematic diagram of the overall shape of the present invention from above;

[0027] In the figure: 1. Column; 2. Truss structure; 3. Roof panel; 4. Hanging plate assembly; 5. Main keel; 6. Secondary keel; 7. Hanging piece; 8. Decorative surface; 9. Movable connecting piece; 10. First adjustable connecting hole; 11. Second adjustable connecting hole; 12. Third adjustable connecting hole; 13. Fourth adjustable connecting hole; 14. U-shaped clamp; 15. Hanging rod; 20. Upper chord ball; 21. Upper chord rod; 22. Lower chord ball; 23. Lower chord rod; 24. Web rod; 40. Connecting bracket; 41. Adapter plate; 42. Steel hinge; 43. Mounting hole; 44. Angle adjustment slot; 400. Square tube; 401. Lateral connecting block; 402. Reinforcement plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0029] like Figures 1 to 5 The illustrated ultra-high-altitude, large-area ceiling structure includes a ceiling member 2 mounted on top of a building structure. The building structure includes a plurality of columns 1 disposed on a foundation structure, a truss structure 2 fixedly mounted on the columns 1, and a roof panel 3 fixedly mounted on top of the truss structure 2. The building structure appears triangular and shaped like a bull's head when viewed from above. In one embodiment, the truss structure 2 includes an upper chord ball 20, an upper chord rod 21 fixedly mounted on the upper chord ball 20, a lower chord ball 22, a lower chord rod 23 fixedly mounted on the lower chord ball 22, and a web rod 24 fixedly connecting the upper chord ball 20 and the lower chord ball 22. Two web rods 24 are fixedly mounted on one upper chord ball 20 or one lower chord ball 22. The roof panel 3 is mounted on the upper chord ball 20 via an adapter bracket.

[0030] The ceiling assembly includes a suspension plate assembly 4 mounted on the truss structure 2, a primary keel 5 adjustably mounted on the suspension plate assembly 4, a secondary keel 6 mounted on the primary keel 5, a hanger 7 mounted on the secondary keel 6, and a decorative surface 8 mounted on the hanger 7. The suspension plate assembly 4 consists of a connecting bracket 40 fixedly connected to the truss structure 2, an adapter plate 41 removably mounted on the connecting bracket 40, and a steel hinge 42 mounted on the adapter plate 41. Two mounting holes 43 and two angle adjustment slots 44 are symmetrically provided at each end of the steel hinge 42. The angle adjustment slots 44 are arc-shaped slots. Specifically, the suspension plate assembly 4 is mounted on the bottom of the lower chord ball 22. In one embodiment, the connecting bracket 40 includes a square tube 400 fixedly connected to the lower chord ball 22 and lateral connecting blocks 401 fixedly mounted on both sides of the bottom of the square tube 400 by welding. The lateral connecting blocks 401 and the adapter plate 41 are fixedly connected by fasteners. Reinforcing ribs 402 are welded between the lateral connecting blocks 401 and the square tube 400.

[0031] A main keel 5 is installed between two adjacent suspension plate assemblies 4 via a movable connector 9. One end of the movable connector 9 is connected to the mounting hole 43 and the angle adjustment slot 44 on the steel hinge 42 in an adjustable angle, and the other end of the movable connector 9 is connected to the main keel 5. In one embodiment, a first adjustable connection hole 10, a second adjustable connection hole 11, a third adjustable connection hole 12 and a fourth adjustable connection hole 13 are provided on the movable connector 9. Specifically, the first adjustable connection hole 10, the second adjustable connection hole 11, the third adjustable connection hole 12 and the fourth adjustable connection hole 13 are all long waist-shaped holes. The first adjustable connection hole 10 is connected to the mounting hole 43 by a fastener, the second adjustable connection hole 11 is connected to the angle adjustment slot 44 by a fastener, the movable connector 9 and the steel hinge 42 can swing around the mounting hole 43, and the third adjustable connection hole 12 and the fourth adjustable connection hole 13 are connected to the main keel 5 in an adjustable position by fasteners. Specifically, the main keel 5 is made of C-shaped steel with a size of 120*60*2.5 mm.

[0032] Multiple secondary purlins 6 are fixed to the main purlin 5 via U-shaped clamps 14. These secondary purlins 6 are arranged perpendicular to the main purlin 5 and are specifically made of 40*40*3mm galvanized square steel. The hanger 7 is cross-shaped or X-shaped, with a connection hole provided in it. A hanger rod 15 is adjustably mounted within the hole. Specifically, the hanger rod 15 is a threaded rod, the other end of which is connected to the back of the decorative surface 8. The decorative surface 8 is a rectangular aluminum plate, specifically a 1200*1200*2.5mm aluminum plate. The four corners of the decorative surface 8 are fixed to the hanger 7 via the hanger rods 15.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 5 The construction method of a super-high-altitude large-area ceiling structure shown includes the following steps:

[0034] Step 1: 3D scanning. Before construction of the suspended ceiling structure, 3D laser scanning was performed. Using 3D scanning equipment, the on-site structural dimensions were quickly acquired. These were then compared to theoretical models to verify early construction errors, serving as a benchmark for further design development. This step accurately measured the construction status of the main structure, accurately verifying the size and location of errors, and providing a reliable basis for subsequent construction.

[0035] Step 2: BIM modeling. During the in-depth design phase, Rhino and Grasshopper were primarily used to quickly build a detailed model. The curved roof surface was optimized to reduce processing costs for the decorative surface. Based on the actual construction scanned in Step 1, a virtual model was created using 3D modeling software. The model's dimensions were modified based on actual conditions to ensure construction accuracy and minimize rework.

[0036] Step three: Produce engineering drawings. After matching the BIM model with the 3D scanned on-site structure, Grasshopper software modular programming is used to quickly export machining drawings for each component for production. Using actual on-site 3D scanning and post-modeling optimization, the installation position, angle, and specific dimensions of each component are optimized and determined, and then processed and produced according to these dimensions.

[0037] Step 4: Install the hanging plate assembly 4. After the hanging plate assembly is assembled, it is fixedly installed on the lower chord ball 22. Specifically, the hanging plate assembly 4 and the lower chord ball 22 can be fixedly connected by threaded connection or welding.

[0038] Step 5: Install and adjust the main keel 5. Install the main keel 5 on the hanging plate assembly 4. Adjust the main keel 5 to a preset angle with the truss structure 2 using the movable connector 9 and then securely connect the main keel 5. The length direction of the main keel 5 is set at a 45° angle to the length direction of the lower chord 23.

[0039] Step six, install and adjust the secondary keel 6, and use U-shaped clamps 14 to fix the secondary keel 6 on the main keel 5. During installation, the secondary keel 6 and the main keel 5 intersect vertically to form a grid system, which is used to hang the decorative surface 8.

[0040] Step seven, install the hangers 7. Fix the hangers 7 on the secondary keel 6 by fasteners or welding. The center of each hanger 7 is located on the diagonal midline point of the four decorative surfaces 8. The four corners of the hanger 7 are connected to the four decorative surfaces 8 respectively.

[0041] Step 8: Install and adjust the decorative surface 8. The decorative surface 8 is made of a flat aluminum plate measuring 1200*1200*2.5mm. The back of the decorative surface 8 is connected to the hanger 7 via a suspension rod 15. The installation angle of the decorative surface 8 is adjusted by adjusting the connection length of the suspension rod 15. The decorative surface 8 is installed piece by piece until the entire ceiling structure is complete. In one embodiment, the decorative surface 8 is installed radially from the center. The decorative surface 8 is installed by hoisting, using ropes and fixed pulleys to transport it to a high altitude at the bridleway. The aluminum plate is suspended in the air and can be moved parallel to the ceiling during installation.

[0042] The above embodiments are merely some explanations of the concept and implementation of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the same. Under the concept of the present invention, technical solutions that have not been substantially changed are still within the scope of protection.

Claims

1. An ultra-high-altitude large-area ceiling structure, comprising a ceiling component installed on the top of a building body, characterized in that: The main body of the building includes a plurality of columns arranged on the foundation structure, a truss structure installed on the columns and a roof panel installed on the top of the truss structure. The main body of the building appears to be a triangle when viewed from above; the ceiling component includes a hanging plate assembly installed on the truss structure, a main keel adjustably installed on the hanging plate assembly, a secondary keel installed on the main keel, a hanger installed on the secondary keel and a decorative surface hanger installed on the hanger; the hanging plate assembly is composed of a connecting bracket fixedly connected to the truss structure, an adapter plate detachably installed on the connecting bracket and a steel hinge installed on the adapter plate, and two mounting holes and two angle adjustment slots are symmetrically provided at both ends of the steel hinge; the main keel is installed between two adjacent hanging plate assemblies through a movable connecting piece, and one end of the movable connecting piece is connected to the mounting hole and the angle adjustment slot The adjustment slot is connected at an adjustable angle, and the other end of the movable connecting piece is connected to the main keel; multiple secondary keels are fixedly installed on the main keel through U-shaped clamps, and the secondary keels are arranged perpendicular to the main keel; the decorative surface is a rectangular aluminum plate, and the four corners of the decorative surface are fixedly installed on the hanger; a first adjustable connecting hole, a second adjustable connecting hole, a third adjustable connecting hole and a fourth adjustable connecting hole are set on the movable connecting piece, the first adjustable connecting hole is connected to the mounting hole through a fastener, the second adjustable connecting hole is connected to the angle adjustment slot through a fastener, and the third adjustable connecting hole and the fourth adjustable connecting hole are connected to the main keel through fasteners; the first adjustable connecting hole, the second adjustable connecting hole, the third adjustable connecting hole and the fourth adjustable connecting hole are all long waist-shaped holes.

2. The ultra-high altitude large-area ceiling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The truss structure includes an upper chord ball, an upper chord rod installed on the upper chord ball, a lower chord ball, a lower chord rod installed on the lower chord ball, and a web connecting the upper chord ball and the lower chord ball; the hanging plate assembly is installed at the bottom of the lower chord ball.

3. The ultra-high altitude large-area ceiling structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The connecting bracket includes a square tube fixedly connected to the lower chord ball and lateral connecting blocks fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom of the square tube. The lateral connecting blocks are connected to the adapter plate through fasteners; a reinforcing rib plate is arranged between the lateral connecting block and the square tube.

4. The ultra-high altitude large-area ceiling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hanging piece is in a cross shape, and a hanging rod is adjustably mounted on the hanging piece, and the other end of the hanging rod is connected to the decorative surface.

5. A construction method for an ultra-high altitude large-area ceiling structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: 3D scanning. 3D laser scanning is performed before the construction of the suspended ceiling structure to quickly obtain the on-site structural construction dimensions, compare them with the theoretical model, and verify the early construction errors as a benchmark for further design. Step 2: BIM modeling. During the in-depth design process, Rhino and Grasshopper software were mainly used to quickly build a detailed model, rationally optimize the curved surface of the roof, and save processing costs for the decorative surface. Step 3: Produce engineering drawings. After matching the BIM model with the 3D scanned on-site structure, use Grasshopper software modular programming to quickly export the processing drawings of each component for production; Step 4: Install the hanging plate assembly and fix the hanging plate assembly on the lower chord ball; Step 5: Install and adjust the main keel. Install the main keel on the hanging plate assembly, adjust the main keel to a preset angle with the truss structure through the movable connector, and then fix the main keel. Step 6: Install and adjust the secondary keel. Use a U-shaped clamp to fix the secondary keel on the main keel. During installation, the secondary keel and the main keel intersect vertically to form a grid system. Step 7: Install the hanging fixtures on the secondary keel, with the center of the hanging fixture located at the midpoint of the diagonal of the four decorative surfaces; Step 8. Install and adjust the decorative surface. The decorative surface uses 1200*1200*2.5mm aluminum plate. The back of the decorative surface is connected to the hanging fixture through a suspension rod. The installation angle of the decorative surface is adjusted by adjusting the connection length of the suspension rod. Install it piece by piece until the entire ceiling structure is completed.

6. The construction method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step eight, the decorative surface is installed radiating from the center to the surrounding areas.

7. The construction method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: In the step eight, the decorative surface is installed by hoisting, and is transported to a high altitude by using a rope and a fixed pulley at the horseway. The aluminum plate hangs in the air and can be moved parallel to the installation.

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