Energy-saving high-temperature kiln with gas-electric hybrid heating

Abstract

This invention discloses an energy-saving high-temperature kiln with gas-electric hybrid heating, comprising a preheating zone and a firing zone. Both the preheating and firing zones are equipped with a furnace cavity and multiple conveying rollers arranged front-to-back, with the conveying rollers located within the furnace cavity. In the preheating zone, two sets of burner assemblies are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the conveying rollers, on the left and right sides of the preheating zone. In the firing zone, two sets of electric heating rods extending left and right are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the conveying rollers, on the left and right sides of the firing zone and staggered front-to-back. A set of hangers is provided on the upper side of the conveying rollers, with the ends of the two sets of electric heating rods located close to each other connected to the hangers. A set of support bricks is provided on the lower side of the conveying rollers, with the ends of the two sets of electric heating rods located close to each other connected to the support bricks. This invention features a small cross-sectional temperature difference, high output, and avoids the electric heating rods from easily bending or breaking, making it suitable for firing large products.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of kiln technology, and in particular to an energy-saving high-temperature kiln with gas-electric hybrid heating. Background Technology

[0002] Everyday ceramics (including plates, dishes, bowls, teacups, teapots, vases, etc.) are important daily necessities. Their decoration is generally divided into underglaze (usually fired at the same temperature as the glaze, up to 1400℃, with the pigment on the body and below the glaze), in-glaze (fired at 1150℃~1280℃, with the pigment penetrating into the glaze), and overglaze (fired at 750℃~850℃, with the pigment on the surface of the glaze). Underglaze decoration refers to decoration where pigment is immersed in the surface of the body (or sprayed, outlined, painted, etc.) before glazing and firing. In-glaze or overglaze decoration is mostly done by decals (pigments printed on paper and then applied to the surface of the vessel), with painted lines or gold embellishments as secondary techniques. Decorated ware and glaze products need to be fired three times at high temperatures in the kiln (bisque firing is the first firing, glaze firing is the second firing, and baking decoration is the third firing) in order to volatilize organic matter (such as decals, adhesives, etc.), harmful substances or pigments and carry out physical and chemical reactions, so that the colorant can adhere to the product and form a bright color.

[0003] The colorants in pigments are mainly metal ions. When the pigments are fired using fuels such as natural gas, the sulfides in the combustion exhaust gas will react chemically with the colorants in the pigments, causing discoloration and crystallization. Incomplete combustion can also cause CO (carbon monoxide) and C (carbon) to reduce the metal ions (high oxidation state becomes low oxidation state, such as chromium changing from +6 oxidation state to +3, +2, etc.), making the color darker, lighter, or even losing the hue preferred by users, resulting in defective products and causing huge losses to ceramic enterprises.

[0004] The ideal conditions for firing ceramic colors are an oxidizing atmosphere free from exhaust gas interference. Since the properties of the fuel itself cannot be altered, and the composition of the combustion products is also difficult to change, alternative solutions are needed. To address these issues, kilns typically employ electric heating technology to avoid generating combustion exhaust gases that could affect the color of the ceramic products. However, if the entire kiln is electrically heated, the lack of gas convection and stirring results in low heat transfer efficiency. A combined electric and gas structure is proposed: electric heating will be used in the firing zone where the colorant is easily affected by the flue gas composition, while other areas will use open flame gas heating (which can improve heat transfer efficiency and reduce temperature differences through flue gas convection and stirring).

[0005] Existing electric kilns typically use a method of installing multiple heating rods running through both sides for heating. These heating rods are suspended in the air at high temperatures; if they are too long, they are prone to bending or breaking, resulting in a short lifespan, high maintenance costs, and significant production losses due to the need to replace them. Furthermore, excessively long heating rods make it difficult to achieve uniform temperature distribution across the kiln's cross-section, leading to generally narrower kilns and lower output. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention aims to provide an energy-saving high-temperature kiln with gas-electric hybrid heating. This kiln increases internal width, output, and reduces cross-sectional temperature difference. The heating rods are suspended in sections to prevent bending or breakage, and it is suitable for firing various types of daily-use ceramics. The heating rods on both sides can also be heated independently in groups, i.e., divided by the kiln center, the heating rods on both sides can be heated in groups, allowing for separate control of the cross-sectional temperature within the kiln and reducing the temperature difference along the width.

[0007] The technical solution adopted to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:

[0008] This invention provides an energy-saving high-temperature kiln with gas-electric hybrid heating, comprising a preheating zone and a firing zone. Both the preheating zone and the firing zone are provided with a furnace cavity and multiple conveying rollers arranged front to back, with the multiple conveying rollers located within the furnace cavity. In the preheating zone, two sets of burner assemblies are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the conveying rollers, with the two sets of burner assemblies located on the left and right sides of the preheating zone, respectively. In the firing zone, two sets of electric heating rods are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the conveying rollers, extending left to right, with the two sets of electric heating rods located on the left and right sides of the firing zone and staggered front to back. A set of hangers is provided on the upper side of the conveying rollers, with the ends of the two sets of electric heating rods located close to each other on the upper side of the conveying rollers connected to the set of hangers. A set of support bricks is provided on the lower side of the conveying rollers, with the ends of the two sets of electric heating rods located close to each other on the lower side of the conveying rollers connected to the set of support bricks.

[0009] This invention has at least the following beneficial effects: Gas combustion technology is used in the preheating zone to preheat the ceramic blank, and electric heating technology is used in the firing zone to heat the ceramic blank at high temperatures. This arrangement reduces equipment costs and energy consumption in the preheating zone, and also prevents the color of the ceramic product from deteriorating due to the exhaust gases produced during combustion. In the firing zone, by shortening the length of the heating rods, the problem of bending or breaking due to the heating rods being suspended at high temperatures is avoided. Furthermore, a set of heating rods is set on each of the left and right sides of the firing zone, with the two sets of heating rods staggered front and back, thus providing a hanger or support for the bricks. The stable support provides segmented temperature control on both sides of the firing zone. Compared to traditional electric kilns that use a single heating rod with a large distance between the two support points, making it prone to bending and breakage, this invention uses two self-contained heating rods arranged on the left and right sides, suspended through the middle of the kiln. This effectively halves the distance between the support points, reducing the cross-sectional temperature difference in the firing zone. This, in turn, helps to widen the cross-sectional dimensions of the energy-saving high-temperature kiln, increasing production and enabling the kiln to be used for firing large products. Heating rods are also installed on both the upper and lower sides of the conveyor rollers, ensuring that the ceramic blanks on the conveyor rollers are heated evenly from top to bottom.

[0010] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the hanger is provided with two first grooves arranged along the front and back, with the openings of the first grooves facing upwards. The first grooves penetrate the left and right sides of the hanger, respectively, and the end of the heating rod near the hanger abuts against the inner wall of the first groove. With this arrangement, the heating rods above the conveyor roller can be placed in the two first grooves on the hanger in a staggered manner, ensuring the heating rods are stably suspended and facilitating the assembly and disassembly of the heating rods.

[0011] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the supporting brick is provided with two second grooves arranged along the front and back, with the openings of the second grooves facing upwards. The second grooves penetrate the left and right sides of the supporting brick, respectively, and the end of the heating rod near the supporting brick abuts against the inner wall of the second groove. This arrangement allows the heating rods below the conveyor roller to be placed in a staggered manner in the two second grooves of the supporting brick, ensuring the heating rods are stably suspended and facilitating the disassembly or installation of the heating rods by workers.

[0012] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the heating rod is an H-type silicon carbide rod. H-type silicon carbide rods have advantages such as high temperature resistance, rapid heating, minimal high-temperature deformation, and convenient installation and maintenance. This helps to reduce the heating time of the energy-saving high-temperature kiln, reduce electricity costs, and significantly reduce the risk of the heating rod bending or breaking.

[0013] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, a set of the hangers includes multiple hangers arranged in a front-to-back pattern. Each hanger is provided with two positioning plates arranged in a front-to-back pattern. The positioning plates are located above the first groove. A support plate and insulation cotton are provided between two adjacent hangers. The two adjacent positioning plates abut against the lower surface of the support plate. The lower surface of the insulation cotton abuts against the positioning plates and the support plate, respectively. Ceiling bricks are provided on the left and right sides of each hanger. The ceiling bricks located on the left and right sides of the hanger abut against the left and right sides of the positioning plates, respectively, and against the left and right sides of the support plates, respectively.

[0014] Multiple hangers are arranged along the front-to-back direction of the firing zone to provide good support for the heating rods within the firing zone. The ceiling bricks, support plates, and positioning plates of the hangers abut against each other to form the inner top wall of the furnace cavity in the firing zone. Insulation cotton is installed on the hangers, and the insulation cotton and ceiling bricks work together to prevent heat loss from the furnace cavity upwards, thus maintaining a stable high temperature within the furnace cavity. The support plates and positioning plates provide good support for the insulation cotton. In addition, the support plates effectively fill the gap between two adjacent hangers, preventing high-temperature gas from flowing out through the gap and simplifying the installation of the hangers.

[0015] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the support brick is provided with weight-reducing holes that penetrate the left and right sides of the support brick. This design can reduce the weight of the support brick, reduce the heat storage of the support brick, and also facilitate the flow of high-temperature gas in the firing zone through the weight-reducing holes, thus reducing the cross-sectional temperature difference.

[0016] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the firing zone has an inlet end and an outlet end, both of which are equipped with liftable baffles. This configuration allows for control of the flow rate of combustion flue gas and cooling air by adjusting the height of the baffles, preventing combustion flue gas from the preheating zone and low-temperature air from the cooling zone from flowing into the firing zone and thus increasing the energy consumption of the heating rods in the firing zone.

[0017] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, both the inlet and outlet ends are provided with a partition air curtain. The partition air curtain includes a kiln top branch pipe and a side wall branch pipe. The kiln top branch pipe is located above the conveying roller and extends left and right. The kiln top branch pipe has multiple air outlets with downward openings. The multiple air outlets are arranged left and right. Two sets of side wall branch pipes are provided on the upper and lower sides of the conveying roller. The two sets of side wall branch pipes are located on the left and right sides of the firing zone, respectively. Each set of side wall branch pipes includes multiple side wall branch pipes arranged vertically. The side wall branch pipes extend left and right. The ends of the two sets of side wall branch pipes that are close to each other are air outlets.

[0018] Separating air curtains are installed at the inlet and outlet of the firing zone to seal it off and prevent combustion flue gas from the preheating zone and low-temperature air from the cooling zone from flowing into the firing zone, which would cause large temperature fluctuations. The structure of the separating air curtains allows some gas to be blown downwards from the outlet of the kiln top branch pipe and the other gas to be blown horizontally from the outlet of the side wall branch pipe, thus forming an air curtain with good blocking effect. This prevents combustion flue gas and low-temperature air from flowing into the firing zone, keeping the firing zone in a stable high-temperature state, which is beneficial to improving the firing quality of the product.

[0019] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the energy-saving high-temperature kiln with gas-electric hybrid heating also includes a tail cooling zone and a slow cooling zone; the tail cooling zone and the slow cooling zone are arranged one after the other, and the feed inlet of the tail cooling zone and the discharge outlet of the slow cooling zone are connected. This arrangement disconnects the boundary between the tail cooling zone and the slow cooling zone, significantly reducing the airflow from the tail cooling zone to the slow cooling zone, the rapid cooling zone, and the firing zone. This can prevent the ceramic products from cracking due to excessively rapid cooling and also reduce the energy consumption of the firing zone.

[0020] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the height of the furnace cavity in the firing zone is smaller than that in the preheating zone. The heating rods in the firing zone occupy a smaller area of ​​the kiln wall. This arrangement can reduce the furnace cavity space in the firing zone, thereby reducing the heat dissipation area. In addition, it can also reduce the amount of flue gas flowing from the preheating zone to the firing zone and the amount of hot air flowing from the quenching zone to the firing zone. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments;

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the energy-saving high-temperature kiln provided in the embodiment of the present invention on the XZ plane;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fire baffle plate in the preheating zone provided in the embodiment of the present invention on the YZ plane;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the burner assembly of the preheating zone provided in the embodiment of the present invention on the YZ plane;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the preheating zone partition air curtain provided in the embodiment of the present invention on the YZ plane;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heating rod in the firing zone of the present invention on the YZ plane.

[0027] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cooling air box in the rapid cooling zone provided in this embodiment of the invention on the YZ plane;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the hot air box of the rapid cooling zone provided in the embodiment of the present invention on the YZ plane;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air duct of the rapid cooling zone provided in the embodiment of the present invention on the YZ plane;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single modular segment of the firing zone in the XZ plane provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heating rod provided in the embodiment of the present invention on the XY plane;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hanger provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support brick provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] The following markings are used in the attached diagram: 110, Preheating zone; 120, Firing zone; 130, Quenching zone; 140, Conveying roller; 150, Furnace cavity; 160, Refractory fiber cotton; 170, Ceiling brick; 180, Hook; 210, Fire baffle; 220, Separating air curtain; 221, Kiln top branch pipe; 222, Side wall branch pipe; 310, Burner assembly; 311, Burner control group air duct; 312, Burner control group combustion... Air duct; 320, heating rod; 400, ceramic blank; 510, hanger; 511, support part; 512, positioning plate; 513, hook hole; 520, support brick; 521, second groove; 522, weight reduction hole; 530, perforated brick; 610, cooling air duct; 620, cold air box; 630, hot air box; 710, blowing air duct; 720, air supply duct; 810, insulation cotton; 820, support plate. Detailed Implementation

[0035] This section will describe in detail specific embodiments of the present invention. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the drawings is to supplement the textual description with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and overall technical solution of the present invention, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0037] In the description of this invention, the use of terms such as "a number" means one or more, with "more than" meaning two or more. Terms like "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while terms like "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of terms like "first," "second," and "third" is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, the number of indicated technical features, or the sequential relationship between indicated technical features.

[0038] It should be noted that in the attached diagram, the X direction indicates the direction from the rear to the front of the energy-saving high-temperature kiln, the Y direction indicates the direction from the left to the right of the energy-saving high-temperature kiln, and the Z direction indicates the direction from the bottom to the top of the energy-saving high-temperature kiln. The arrows in the attached diagram indicate the direction of gas flow.

[0039] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "setting," "installing," and "connecting" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0040] Reference Figures 1 to 12 The following are some embodiments of the energy-saving high-temperature kiln with gas-electric hybrid heating according to the present invention.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 12 As shown, Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides an energy-saving high-temperature kiln with gas-electric hybrid heating, which has the advantages of small cross-sectional temperature difference and high output. It can avoid the electric heating rod 320 from bending or breaking easily, and can be applied to the firing of large products.

[0042] It is understandable that the energy-saving high-temperature kiln extends in the front-to-back direction, with the front end of the energy-saving high-temperature kiln being the kiln head and the rear end being the kiln tail. The interior of the energy-saving high-temperature kiln is hollow, forming a furnace cavity 150. The furnace cavity 150 extends in the front-to-back direction and passes through the kiln head and the kiln tail. Moreover, the energy-saving high-temperature kiln is equipped with multiple conveying rollers 140, which are arranged at intervals in the front-to-back direction from the kiln head to the kiln tail. Each conveying roller 140 extends in the left-to-right direction and is driven to rotate by a drive motor. Therefore, the ceramic blank 400 can enter the furnace cavity 150 from the kiln head and finally leave the furnace cavity 150 from the kiln tail under the action of the conveying rollers 140.

[0043] This energy-saving high-temperature kiln is a roller kiln, and its components include, from front to back, an exhaust zone, a preheating zone 110, a firing zone 120, and a cooling zone. The cooling zone can be further subdivided from front to back into a rapid cooling zone 130, a slow cooling zone, and a tail cooling zone. This energy-saving high-temperature kiln is composed of multiple modular sections (e.g., 2.1 meters / section) connected along the front-to-back direction. Figure 1 Only a portion of the modular structure of the preheating zone 110, the firing zone 120, and the quenching zone 130 is shown.

[0044] The main function of the exhaust zone is to remove mechanical and adsorbed water from the ceramic blanks 400 after heating. The ceramic blanks 400 do not undergo chemical changes, only physical changes such as volume shrinkage and moisture evaporation. The exhaust zone is used to discharge the flue gas generated during combustion outside the kiln and balance the kiln pressure. As the flue gas flows from the preheating zone 110 to the exhaust zone, heat is continuously released to the ceramic blanks 400 inside the kiln, causing them to heat up and the flue gas temperature to decrease (heat can be fully utilized, saving energy). The temperature in the exhaust zone generally varies between 200℃ and 600℃. Near the kiln head, multiple adjustable exhaust pipes are continuously arranged from the top and bottom. The discharged flue gas is sent by fans to desulfurization, denitrification, and dust removal processes. Valves adjust the flue gas volume to change the size and direction of the airflow at the same cross-section, thereby achieving flow diversion and agitation to reduce the temperature difference inside the kiln.

[0045] The exhaust zone consists of the kiln frame, refractory insulation layer, multiple exhaust ducts, and exhaust fans. During the firing process, the exhaust zone primarily removes moisture, carbonizes the in-glaze decorations, and decomposes organic matter. Within the exhaust zone, the temperature for overglaze decorations remains below 300℃, and the temperature for in-glaze decorations remains below 600℃.

[0046] Within the preheating zone 110, the temperature of the ceramic green body 400 rises from 600℃ to approximately 1050℃. Appropriate adjustment of the firing curve allows the ceramic green body 400 to safely expel structural water and complete physicochemical reactions such as quartz phase transformation, oxidation of organic matter, and decomposition of carbonates and sulfates. In the first half of the preheating zone 110, two sets of burner assemblies 310 are positioned below the conveyor roller 140. In the second half of the preheating zone 110, two sets of burner assemblies 310 are positioned above and below the conveyor roller 140, respectively, on the left and right sides of the preheating zone 110. Specifically, one set of burner assemblies 310 is installed on the left wall of the preheating zone 110, and the other set is installed on the right wall of the preheating zone 110.

[0047] like Figure 3As shown, burner assemblies 310 are installed on both the upper and lower sides of the conveyor rollers 140 within the preheating zone 110. Each burner assembly 310 includes a burner and a burner control group. The burner has a gas inlet and a combustion air inlet, while the burner control group includes independent air ducts, gas pipes, valves, etc. The gas inlet is connected to the gas pipe 312 of the burner control group, and the combustion air inlet is connected to the air duct 311 of the burner control group. When the burner assembly 310 is activated, the gas, such as natural gas, is fully combusted under the assistance of the combustion air. The resulting flue gas directly preheats the ceramic blank 400, and the temperature can be adjusted according to different processes. The preheating zone 110 consists of a kiln frame, a refractory insulation layer, a combustion system, and a combustion-supporting system. During the firing process, the preheating zone 110 primarily promotes the carbonization of the decals and the decomposition of organic matter, causing physicochemical changes in the pigments of the in-glaze decals. Within the preheating zone 110, the temperature for overglaze decoration is between 300℃ and 600℃, and the temperature for in-glaze decoration is between 600℃ and 900℃.

[0048] like Figure 2 As shown, the preheating zone 110 is located behind the exhaust zone. A liftable baffle plate 210 is installed at the boundary between the preheating zone 110 and the exhaust zone. The number of baffle plates 210 is not limited to one; in this embodiment, three baffle plates 210 are arranged from left to right, positioned above the conveyor roller 140, forming a flue gas passage between them. A fire baffle wall can be installed below the conveyor roller 140, with the fire baffle wall and baffle plate 210 arranged vertically opposite each other. It is understood that the baffle plate 210, conveyor roller 140, and fire baffle wall together define a narrow exhaust cross-section. When the flue gas flowing towards the exhaust zone encounters this narrow cross-section, the flue gas is obstructed, with some flowing into the exhaust zone and some returning. The returning flue gas acts as a stirrer and changes the heat distribution within the furnace cavity 150 of the preheating zone 110, thereby reducing the temperature difference within the kiln.

[0049] Within firing zone 120, the temperature of the ceramic body 400 rises from 1050℃ to the maximum firing temperature. During this stage, the carbonates, sulfates, and other salts in the ceramic body 400 further decompose, completing the physicochemical reactions such as body sintering and glaze melting and vitrification. Firing zone 120 consists of a kiln frame, a refractory insulation layer, and an electric heating system. During the firing process, the pigments on the ceramic body 400 undergo physicochemical reactions, resulting in vibrant and bright colors that meet functional requirements. The glaze melts, and the pigments gradually penetrate into the glaze at high temperatures, forming brilliant colors. Within firing zone 120, the temperature for overglaze decoration is between 600℃ and 850℃; the temperature for in-glaze decoration is between 1050℃ and 1280℃.

[0050] In this embodiment, the energy-saving high-temperature kiln adopts a gas-electric hybrid heating method. The preheating zone 110 uses a burner assembly 310, and the firing zone 120 uses an electric heating rod 320. In the critical temperature region where the pigment begins to undergo a chemical reaction (i.e., the firing zone 120), electric firing (heat transfer by conduction and radiation) is used, while other temperature-increasing regions (i.e., the preheating zone 110) are fired using open flame (the flue gas generated by combustion comes into contact with the ceramic blank 400, and heat transfer is mainly by convection and radiation).

[0051] like Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, within the firing zone 120, two sets of heating rods 320 are provided on the upper side of the conveyor roller 140. One set of heating rods 320 is located on the left side of the firing zone 120, and the other set is located on the right side of the firing zone 120. The two sets of heating rods 320 are staggered, for example, the heating rod 320 on the left side of the firing zone 120 is located behind the heating rod 320 on the right side of the firing zone 120. Furthermore, two sets of heating rods 320 are also provided on the lower side of the conveyor roller 140. One set of heating rods 320 is located on the left side of the firing zone 120, and the other set is located on the right side of the firing zone 120. The two sets of heating rods 320 are also staggered. All the heating rods 320 extend in the left-right direction. It is understandable that each group of heating rods 320 includes multiple heating rods 320, which are arranged at intervals along the front and back direction of the firing zone 120.

[0052] like Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Figures 9 to 11 As shown, a set of hangers 510 is provided on the upper side of the conveyor roller 140. It can be understood that the set of hangers 510 includes multiple hangers 510 arranged along the front-rear direction of the firing zone 120. The hangers 510 are fixed to the top of the furnace cavity 150. The ends of the two sets of heating rods 320 located on the upper side of the conveyor roller 140, close to each other, are connected to the set of hangers 510.

[0053] Specifically, taking the two heating rods 320 on the upper side of the conveyor roller 140 as an example, the hanger 510 can be located in the middle of the furnace cavity 150 in the left-right direction. The heating rod 320 on the left is inserted from the left side wall of the firing zone 120 and extends into the furnace cavity 150. The right end of the heating rod 320 is connected to the hanger 510, thus obtaining the support function of the hanger 510. The left end of the heating rod 320 is connected to the perforated brick 530 in the firing zone 120, thus obtaining the perforated brick 530. The heating rod 320 is suspended in mid-air due to the support of the wall 510. The heating rod 320 on the right side is inserted from the right side wall of the firing zone 120 and extends into the furnace cavity 150. The left end of the heating rod 320 is connected and fixed to the hanger 510 and receives the support force from the hanger 510. The right end of the heating rod 320 is connected and fixed to the perforated brick 530 of the firing zone 120 and receives the support of the perforated brick 530, thus keeping the heating rod 320 suspended in mid-air.

[0054] Understandably, the gap between the perforated brick 530 and the heating rod 320 is filled with refractory insulation cotton. The end of the heating rod 320 exposed in the furnace cavity 150 can be connected to the mains power.

[0055] In this embodiment, the lower end of the hanger 510 is provided with a support portion 511. Two support portions 511 are provided, located on the front and rear sides of the hanger 510 respectively. The upper surface of each support portion 511 is recessed downwards to form a first groove, with the opening of the first groove facing upwards. The first groove penetrates the left and right sides of the support portion 511. The support portion 511 can be L-shaped. A guide surface can be provided on the sidewall of the first groove to guide the insertion of the heating rod 320. The end of the heating rod 320 near the hanger 510 abuts against the inner wall of the first groove. For the left-side heating rod 320, the right end of the heating rod 320 is placed in the first groove, where it is blocked from below and from the front and rear sides, ensuring stable placement of the heating rod 320.

[0056] like Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Figure 9 , Figure 12 As shown, a set of support bricks 520 is provided on the lower side of the conveyor roller 140. It can be understood that the set of support bricks 520 includes multiple support bricks 520, which are spaced apart along the front-rear direction of the firing zone 120. The support bricks 520 are fixed to the bottom of the furnace cavity 150. The ends of the two sets of heating rods 320 located on the lower side of the conveyor roller 140 are connected to the set of support bricks 520.

[0057] Specifically, taking the two heating rods 320 on the lower side of the conveyor roller 140 as an example, the support brick 520 can be located in the middle of the left-right direction of the furnace cavity 150. The heating rod 320 on the left is inserted from the left wall of the firing zone 120 and extends horizontally into the furnace cavity 150, and is connected and fixed to the support brick 520. The left end of the heating rod 320 is supported by the perforated brick 530, so that the heating rod 320 is in a stable suspended state. The heating rod 320 on the right is inserted from the right wall of the firing zone 120 and extends horizontally into the furnace cavity 150, and is connected and fixed to the support brick 520. The right end of the heating rod 320 is supported by the perforated brick 530, so that the heating rod 320 is suspended.

[0058] In this embodiment, the upper surface of the support brick 520 is recessed downward to form a second groove 521. There are two second grooves 521, arranged in the front-back direction, with their openings facing upwards. The second grooves 521 penetrate the left and right sides of the support brick 520, respectively. Alternatively, a guide surface can be provided on the sidewall of the second groove 521. The end of the heating rod 320 near the support brick 520 abuts against the inner wall of the second groove 521. For the left-side heating rod 320, its right end is placed within the second groove 521, and is restrained by the second groove 521 from below and from the front and back sides, thus maintaining a stable suspended state.

[0059] In some embodiments, the support brick 520 is provided with weight-reducing holes 522, which penetrate the left and right sides of the support brick 520 respectively. For example... Figure 12 As shown, the shape of the weight-reducing hole 522 can be elliptical, circular, etc., and the number of weight-reducing holes 522 is not limited to one or four. It can be understood that the setting of the weight-reducing hole 522 can reduce the weight of the support brick 520, reduce the heat storage of the support brick 520, and also facilitate the flow of high-temperature gas in the firing zone 120 through the weight-reducing hole 522, thereby reducing the cross-sectional temperature difference in the furnace cavity 150.

[0060] In this embodiment, the heating rod 320 is an H-shaped silicon carbide rod. The H-shaped silicon carbide rod has its own positive and negative electrodes, allowing for independent heating. Furthermore, the silicon carbide rod material has high temperature resistance and a long lifespan. Additionally, the H-shaped silicon carbide rod adopts a double-rod support design, resulting in high strength and resistance to bending and breakage. The H-shaped silicon carbide rod has advantages such as high temperature resistance, rapid heating, minimal high-temperature deformation, and convenient installation and maintenance. This helps to reduce the heating time of the energy-saving high-temperature kiln, reduce electricity costs, and significantly reduce the risk of bending or breakage of the heating rod 320. The first and second grooves 521 can be square grooves, and the H-shaped silicon carbide rod can be placed in the first and second grooves 521 respectively, without rotating. Moreover, for the heating rods 320 on both sides, the right end of the left heating rod 320 and the left end of the right heating rod 320 overlap when viewed from the front-to-back direction, preventing the temperature in the middle of the furnace cavity 150 from being too low in the left-to-right direction.

[0061] like Figure 5 , Figure 9 and Figure 11 As shown, in some embodiments, each hanger 510 is provided with a positioning plate 512, which is horizontally arranged. There are two positioning plates 512, arranged along the front-rear direction of the hanger 510. One positioning plate 512 is located on the front side of the hanger 510, and the other positioning plate 512 is located on the rear side of the hanger 510. The positioning plates 512 are integrally formed with the hanger 510. The positioning plates 512 are located above the first groove. The dimensions of the positioning plates 512 in the front-rear and left-right directions can be the same as those of the support portion 511.

[0062] Furthermore, a support plate 820 and insulation cotton 810 are provided between two adjacent front and rear hangers 510. Two adjacent front and rear positioning plates 512 abut against the lower surface of the support plate 820, and the lower surface of the insulation cotton 810 abuts against both the positioning plate 512 and the support plate 820. The support plate 820 can be a heavy-duty high-alumina plate, capable of withstanding high-temperature environments. The insulation cotton 810 is fire-resistant insulation cotton.

[0063] Each hanger 510 has ceiling bricks 170 on its left and right sides, with gaps between the ceiling bricks 170 on both sides of the hanger 510. These gaps are precisely matched to the dimensions of the positioning plate 512 of the hanger 510. The ceiling brick 170 on the left side of the hanger 510 abuts against the left side of the positioning plate 512 and the left side of the support plate 820, while the ceiling brick 170 on the right side of the hanger 510 abuts against the right side of the positioning plate 512 and the right side of the support plate 820. When the positioning plate 512 contacts the ceiling bricks 170 on both sides, the hanger 510 is positioned. Then, the hook 180 can be used to hook the hook hole 513 on the hanger 510 to stabilize the hanger 510.

[0064] The kiln roof of firing zone 120 can be a structure combining lightweight refractory insulating bricks with a specific gravity of 0.9 and refractory fiber cotton, which can withstand the high temperature environment of firing zone 120. The kiln roof of preheating zone 110 can be a structure combining heavy thin plates of cordierite-mullite with a specific gravity of 2.0 and refractory fiber cotton 160, with the refractory fiber cotton 160 located on the upper surface of the heavy thin plates.

[0065] Understandably, the ceiling bricks 170, support plate 820, and positioning plate 512 of hanger 510 abut against each other to form the inner top wall of the furnace cavity 150 in the firing zone 120. Furthermore, insulation cotton 810 is installed on the hanger 510. The insulation cotton 810 and ceiling bricks 170 work together to prevent heat loss from the furnace cavity 150 upwards, thus maintaining a stable high temperature within the furnace cavity 150. The support plate 820 and positioning plate 512 effectively support the insulation cotton 810, preventing it from falling downwards. Additionally, the support plate 820 effectively fills the gap between two adjacent hangers 510, preventing high-temperature gas from flowing away through this gap. Moreover, when installing two adjacent hangers 510, it is not necessary for the adjacent positioning plates 512 to be in direct contact, thereby reducing the installation difficulty of the hangers 510.

[0066] In some embodiments, the height dimension of the furnace cavity 150 of the firing zone 120 is smaller than the height dimension of the furnace cavity 150 of the preheating zone 110. Specifically, the inner top wall of the furnace cavity 150 of the firing zone 120 is lower and the inner bottom wall of the furnace cavity 150 of the firing zone 120 is higher than that of the furnace cavity 150 of the preheating zone 110. Since the heating rod 320 of the firing zone 120 occupies a small area of ​​the kiln wall, the above-described arrangement can reduce the space of the furnace cavity 150 of the firing zone 120, thereby reducing the heat dissipation area. Furthermore, it can also reduce the amount of flue gas flowing from the preheating zone 110 to the firing zone 120 and the amount of hot air flowing from the quenching zone 130 to the firing zone 120.

[0067] In some embodiments, the firing zone 120 has an inlet end and an outlet end, both of which are provided with liftable baffles 210. The baffles 210 are located above the conveying roller 140, while a fire-resistant wall is provided below the conveying roller 140. The structure of the baffles 210 and the fire-resistant wall in the firing zone 120 is the same as that in the preheating zone 110, and will not be described again here.

[0068] It is understandable that baffles 210 are installed at the inlet and outlet ends of the firing zone 120. By adjusting the height of the baffles 210, the flow rate of combustion flue gas and cooling air can be controlled, preventing combustion flue gas from the preheating zone 110 and low-temperature air from the cooling zone from flowing into the firing zone 120, which would increase the energy consumption of the heating rods 320 in the firing zone 120.

[0069] Furthermore, the inlet and outlet ends of the firing zone 120 are respectively equipped with partition air curtains 220 to achieve the sealing effect of the firing zone 120, so as to prevent the combustion flue gas from the preheating zone 110 and the low temperature air from the cooling zone from flowing into the firing zone 120, which would cause large temperature fluctuations in the firing zone 120.

[0070] like Figure 4 As shown, the structure of the partition air curtain 220 includes a kiln top branch pipe 221 and a side wall branch pipe 222.

[0071] A kiln top support pipe 221 is provided, located above the conveying roller 140. The kiln top support pipe 221 extends in the left-right direction and has multiple air outlets with downward openings. These multiple air outlets are arranged at intervals along the left-right direction of the kiln top support pipe 221. In this embodiment, the kiln top support pipe 221 penetrates the left and right walls of the firing zone 120, and air supply pipes are connected to the left and right ends of the kiln top support pipe 221, respectively.

[0072] Two sets of sidewall support pipes 222 are provided on both the upper and lower sides of the conveyor roller 140. One set of sidewall support pipes 222 is located on the left side of the firing zone 120, and the other set is located on the right side of the firing zone 120. It can be understood that each set of sidewall support pipes 222 includes multiple sidewall support pipes 222, arranged vertically, and each sidewall support pipe 222 extends horizontally. The kiln top support pipe 221 is located above the sidewall support pipes 222.

[0073] The ends of the two sets of sidewall branch pipes 222 that are close to each other are the air outlets. Specifically, the right end of the left sidewall branch pipe 222 is the air outlet, which is inserted from the left side wall of the firing zone 120 until the air outlet communicates with the furnace cavity 150; the left end of the right sidewall branch pipe 222 is the air outlet, which is inserted from the right side of the firing zone 120 until the air outlet communicates with the furnace cavity 150. It can be understood that the left and right sidewall branch pipes 222 blow air in opposite directions. The ends of the sidewall branch pipes 222 exposed in the furnace cavity 150 are connected to the feed pipes.

[0074] The partition air curtain 220 employs the aforementioned structure, allowing a portion of the gas to be blown downwards from the outlet of the kiln top branch pipe 221, while another portion is blown horizontally from the outlet of the side wall branch pipe 222. This creates an air curtain with excellent blocking effect, preventing combustion flue gas and low-temperature air from flowing into the firing zone 120, thus maintaining the firing zone 120 at a stable high temperature, which is beneficial for improving the firing quality of the product. Moreover, the partition air curtain 220 located at the inlet end of the firing zone 120 not only plays a sealing role but can also flow into the preheating zone 110 for secondary combustion, enhancing the oxidizing atmosphere.

[0075] The primary function of the quench zone 130 is to rapidly cool the ceramic product. During this stage, the viscosity of the glassy phase in the ceramic green body 400 increases, transforming it from a plastic state to a solid state, with its hardness and strength reaching their maximum. The presence of the liquid phase counteracts the stress caused by the shrinkage of the ceramic product, allowing for direct rapid cooling by blowing air. This is a crucial area for shortening the firing cycle in ceramic production. In this zone, the ceramic green body 400 is rapidly cooled from its highest firing temperature to approximately 600°C, completing the quenching process. The quench zone 130 consists of the kiln frame, refractory insulation layer, quenching fan, and air ducts.

[0076] The quench zone 130 uses a combination of indirect and direct cooling.

[0077] like Figure 8 As shown, cold air is uniformly blown in through perforated air ducts 710 (silicon carbide or stainless steel pipes) that traverse the cross-section of the kiln. These air ducts 710 are evenly arranged above and below the conveyor rollers 140. Each air duct 710 has air supply at both ends, and the end of the air duct 710 exposed in the kiln cavity 150 is connected to an air supply pipe 720. After the product exits the firing zone 120, it undergoes convective heat exchange through cold air injected by a quenching fan, completing the direct cooling process. Quenching not only prevents glaze crystallization, increases the strength and whiteness of ceramic products, and improves their quality, but also shortens the firing cycle.

[0078] Furthermore, the quench zone 130 is equipped with an indirect heat exchange system, which includes multiple cooling ducts 610, a cold air box 620, and a hot air box 630. The multiple cooling ducts 610 are arranged at intervals along the front-to-back direction of the quench zone 130, with one end of each duct connected to the cold air box 620 and the other end connected to the hot air box 630. This arrangement reduces the air supply volume required for direct cooling of the quench zone 130. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the cooling duct 610 passes through the left and right walls of the rapid cooling zone 130 respectively. The right end of the cooling duct 610 is connected to the cold air box 620 through a pipe. The cold air box 620 is located above the rapid cooling zone 130. The left end of the cooling duct 610 is connected to the hot air box 630 through a pipe. The hot air box 630 is located above the rapid cooling zone 130 and below the cold air box 620.

[0079] Of course, the cooling duct 610 may include two sub-ducts, which are arranged at intervals along the front and back. One end of one sub-duct is connected to the cold air box 620 via a pipe, and the other end is connected to one end of the other sub-duct via a pipe. The other end of the other sub-duct is connected to the hot air box 630 via a pipe. This arrangement can extend the airflow distance within the cooling duct 610, allowing it to absorb as much heat as possible from the quench zone 130, thereby lowering the temperature of the furnace cavity 150 in the quench zone 130.

[0080] Understandably, the cold air box 620 has an inlet with a fan installed at it. Under the action of the fan, low-temperature air flows into the cold air box 620, then flows to the cooling air duct 610. After absorbing the heat energy of the quench zone 130, it becomes high-temperature air and finally flows to the hot air box 630. The high-temperature air in the hot air box 630 can be directly discharged to the outside, or it can be used as combustion air for the burner assembly 310 or for drying the ceramic blank 400.

[0081] The slow cooling zone is divided into a heat exchange zone and a heat extraction zone. The heat exchange zone slowly cools the ceramic green body from 600℃ to approximately 400℃, allowing the quartz within the green body to undergo a gradual crystal phase transformation, preventing "cracking" defects caused by stress from rapid cooling. Generally, indirect cooling via heat exchange tubes is used, where the cold air does not directly contact the product, resulting in a smoother and more uniform cooling process. Cooling via heat exchange tubes ensures that even if temperature changes cause fluctuations in airflow, the kiln pressure will not be affected.

[0082] The exhaust zone has a centralized arrangement of exhaust vents, primarily to remove the hot air after rapid cooling. The heat release during the flow of hot air through the heat exchange zone to the exhaust zone also helps to protect the brick blanks from cold cracking. Controlling the exhaust volume in this zone affects not only the kiln pressure balance in the rapid cooling zone 130 but also the product cooling effect. This zone can reduce the temperature of the ceramic blank 400 from 400℃ to approximately 300℃. This zone consists of the kiln frame, refractory insulation layer, indirect cooling pipes, exhaust ducts, and exhaust fans.

[0083] The tail cooling zone gradually reduces the temperature of the ceramic blank 400 from 300℃ to the temperature required for exiting the kiln. Cooling is achieved by directly blowing in a large volume of air; densely packed perforated thin tubes are installed above and below the conveyor roller 140, directing the airflow towards the ceramic product. This zone should minimize the amount of cold air blown in that air from entering the slow cooling zone.

[0084] Understandably, after the heat from the tail cooling zone, slow cooling zone, and rapid cooling zone 130 is recovered in sequence, the temperature of the mixed air can reach over 250℃, which can be used for combustion. The excess clean hot air is used to dry the blank, thereby reducing fuel consumption in the ceramic production process.

[0085] In some embodiments, the tail-cooling zone and the slow-cooling zone are arranged one after the other, with the inlet of the tail-cooling zone and the outlet of the slow-cooling zone connected. This arrangement disconnects the boundary between the tail-cooling zone and the slow-cooling zone, significantly reducing the airflow from the tail-cooling zone to the slow-cooling zone, the rapid-cooling zone 130, and the firing zone 120. This avoids cold cracking of ceramic products due to excessively rapid cooling and also reduces energy consumption in the firing zone 120. A conveying roller 140 is still provided in the gap between the tail-cooling zone and the slow-cooling zone to transport the ceramic blank 400 from the slow-cooling zone to the tail-cooling zone.

[0086] Products such as daily-use ceramics are mostly irregularly shaped and cannot pass directly on the surface of the conveyor roller 140. Therefore, the ceramic blank 400 needs to be placed on a refractory pad. In order to accelerate the cooling speed of the pad, an air blowing pipe 710 is also provided on the underside of the conveyor roller 140 in the indirect cooling zone to supply workshop air into the furnace chamber 150 for rapid cooling of the refractory pad.

[0087] Understandably, gas combustion technology is used in the preheating zone 110 to preheat the ceramic blank 400, while electric heating technology is used in the firing zone 120 to heat the ceramic blank 400 at high temperatures. Within the firing zone 120, there is no interference from other gases, the cross-sectional temperature difference is small, and the atmosphere is uniform and stable, resulting in stable color and quality of the ceramic products. This setup reduces equipment costs and energy consumption in the preheating zone 110, while also preventing the color of the ceramic products from deteriorating due to exhaust gases generated during combustion. Furthermore, the electricity used by the electric heating rod 320 can come from the ceramic enterprise's "green electricity" (i.e., rooftop solar photovoltaic power generation), significantly reducing carbon emissions. This can help industrial kilns and the ceramic sector achieve carbon reduction and decarbonization goals, making a substantial contribution to the country's actual "dual carbon" goals.

[0088] Within the firing zone 120, by shortening the length of the heating rod 320, the problem of bending or breaking due to the heating rod 320 being suspended at high temperatures is avoided. Furthermore, a set of heating rods 320 is installed on the left and right sides of the firing zone 120, with the two sets of heating rods 320 staggered front and back, and stably supported by the hanger 510 or support brick 520. This achieves segmented temperature control on the left and right sides of the firing zone 120, reduces the cross-sectional temperature difference of the firing zone 120, and thus helps to widen the cross-sectional dimensions of the energy-saving high-temperature kiln, promotes increased production, and enables the energy-saving high-temperature kiln to be used for firing large products.

[0089] Heating rods 320 are installed on both the upper and lower sides of the conveying roller 140 to ensure that the ceramic blank 400 on the conveying roller 140 is heated evenly from top to bottom.

[0090] In some embodiments, a fan and an exhaust duct are installed at the top of the firing zone 120. The exhaust duct extends vertically, with its upper end as an outlet and its lower end as an inlet. The exhaust duct penetrates the firing zone 120 downwards until its inlet connects with the furnace cavity 150. The outlet of the exhaust duct is connected to the fan inlet via a pipe. The outlet of the exhaust duct can be located in the middle of the furnace cavity 150 in the left-right direction, and the exhaust duct is positioned above the conveyor roller 140. Furthermore, return air ducts are installed on the left and right side walls of the firing zone 120, extending horizontally. One end of the return air duct is an inlet, and the other end is an outlet. The inlet of the return air duct is connected to the fan outlet via a pipe, and the outlet of the return air duct connects to the furnace cavity 150. It is understood that return air ducts are installed on both the upper and lower sides of the conveyor roller 140.

[0091] When the fan is running, the exhaust pipe draws air from the upper part of the furnace cavity 150 and then sends it into the furnace cavity 150 from the left and right sides through the return air pipe, which promotes the continuous circulation of air in the furnace cavity 150 and forms stirring convection, which can improve heat transfer efficiency and reduce temperature difference.

[0092] It is understood that in the energy-saving high-temperature kiln with gas-electric hybrid heating provided in the above embodiments, since the heating rod 320 is suspended in sections, the left and right dimensions of the furnace cavity 150 can be increased, the output can be increased, and the cross-sectional temperature difference can be reduced. Compared with the traditional electric kiln that uses a single long heating rod, the distance between the two support points of the heating rod is far, which makes it easy to bend and break. This invention uses two heating rods 320 that form a self-contained circuit and are arranged on the left and right, and are suspended in the middle of the kiln. This is equivalent to shortening the distance between the support points of the heating rod 320 by half. This can prevent the heating rod 320 from bending or breaking, and is suitable for firing various types of daily-use porcelain.

[0093] The heating rods 320 on the left and right sides can also be heated independently in groups. That is, the heating rods 320 on the left and right sides can be divided into groups based on the center of the kiln, so as to control the cross-sectional temperature inside the kiln and reduce the temperature difference in the width direction.

[0094] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these equivalent modifications or substitutions are all included within the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. An energy-saving high-temperature kiln heated by gas-electricity hybrid, comprising a preheating zone and a firing zone, the preheating zone and the firing zone are both provided with a furnace cavity and a plurality of conveying rollers arranged along the front and back, and the plurality of conveying rollers are located in the furnace cavity; characterized in that, Within the preheating zone, two sets of burner assemblies are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the conveying roller, with the two sets of burner assemblies located on the left and right sides of the preheating zone, respectively. Within the firing zone, two sets of heating rods extending left and right are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the conveying roller, with the two sets of heating rods located on the left and right sides of the firing zone and staggered front and back. A set of hangers is provided on the upper side of the conveying roller, and the ends of the two sets of heating rods located on the upper side of the conveying roller that are close to each other are connected to a set of hangers. A set of support bricks is provided on the lower side of the conveying roller, and the ends of the two sets of heating rods located on the lower side of the conveying roller that are close to each other are connected to a set of support bricks. Each group of heating rods includes multiple heating rods extending in the left-right direction, and the multiple heating rods are arranged at intervals in the front-back direction of the firing zone. The hanger has two first grooves arranged along the front and back, with the openings of the first grooves facing upwards. The first grooves penetrate the left and right sides of the hanger, respectively, and the end of the heating rod near the hanger abuts against the inner wall of the first groove. A set of the hangers includes multiple hangers arranged front to back. Each hanger has two positioning plates arranged front to back. The positioning plates are horizontally positioned and located above the first groove. A support plate and insulation cotton are provided between two adjacent hangers. The two adjacent positioning plates abut against the lower surface of the support plate. The lower surface of the insulation cotton abuts against the positioning plates and the support plate, respectively. Ceiling bricks are provided on the left and right sides of each hanger. The ceiling bricks located on the left and right sides of the hanger abut against the left and right sides of the positioning plates, respectively, and also abut against the left and right sides of the support plate, respectively.

2. The electro-pneumatic hybrid heating energy saving high temperature kiln as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The support brick has two second grooves arranged along the front and back, with the openings of the second grooves facing upwards. The second grooves penetrate the left and right sides of the support brick respectively, and the end of the heating rod near the support brick abuts against the inner wall of the second groove.

3. The electro-pneumatic hybrid heating energy saving high temperature kiln as claimed in claim 2, wherein, The heating rod is an H-type silicon carbide rod.

4. The electro-pneumatic hybrid heating energy saving high temperature kiln as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The support brick is provided with weight-reducing holes, which penetrate the left and right sides of the support brick.

5. The electro-pneumatic hybrid heating energy saving high temperature kiln as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The firing zone has an inlet end and an outlet end, both of which are equipped with liftable baffles.

6. The electro-pneumatic hybrid heating energy saving high temperature kiln as claimed in claim 5, wherein, Both the inlet and outlet ends are equipped with a partition air curtain, which includes a kiln top branch pipe and a side wall branch pipe. The kiln top branch pipe is located above the conveying roller and extends left and right. The kiln top branch pipe has multiple air outlets with downward openings, and the multiple air outlets are arranged left and right. Two sets of side wall branch pipes are provided on the upper and lower sides of the conveying roller. The two sets of side wall branch pipes are located on the left and right sides of the firing zone, respectively. Each set of side wall branch pipes includes multiple side wall branch pipes arranged vertically. The side wall branch pipes extend left and right, and the ends of the two sets of side wall branch pipes that are close to each other are air outlets.

7. The electro-pneumatic hybrid heating energy efficient high temperature kiln as claimed in claim 1, wherein, It also includes a tail cooling zone and a slow cooling zone; the tail cooling zone and the slow cooling zone are arranged one after the other, and the inlet of the tail cooling zone and the outlet of the slow cooling zone are connected.

8. The electro-pneumatic hybrid heating energy efficient high temperature kiln as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The height dimension of the furnace cavity of the firing zone is smaller than the height dimension of the furnace cavity of the preheating zone. The height dimension of the furnace cavity of the firing zone is smaller than the height dimension of the furnace cavity of the preheating zone.

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