Mechanical composite impact drilling speed increasing tool

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of downhole drilling tools in the field of oil development, and is a mechanical composite impact drilling speed increasing tool, which comprises an upper shell, a lower shell, a connecting short section and a drill bit seat, the lower end outer side of the upper shell is connected with the upper end inner side of the lower shell, and the upper end outer side of the connecting short section is connected with the lower end inner side of the lower shell. The present application is reasonable and compact in structure, convenient to use, in sealed communication with the upper screw drill tool, and high-speed rotation of the screw drill tool drives high-speed rotation of the transmission shaft short section, rotation and driving of the impact hammer under the impact of high-pressure drilling fluid, and reciprocating movement of the impact hammer upward and downward, the impact hammer can move downward to abut against the impact device, the impact device can transmit axial impact load to the drill bit seat, and the drill bit seat can break rock faster. The tool is simple in structure, can effectively improve the service life of the drill bit, reduce the hole deviation, and has the characteristics of safety, labor saving, simplicity, convenience and high efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of downhole drilling tools in the petroleum development sector, and is a mechanical composite impact drilling speed-up tool. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, although my country has gradually increased its exploration and development of oil and gas resources, the continuous depletion of shallow oil and gas resources has meant that the amount of exploration and development can no longer meet the ever-increasing demand. Therefore, my country's oil and gas exploration and development must now extend to deeper strata with more complex lithology.

[0003] During drilling in deep, hard formations, conventional rotary cutting methods often cause the drill bit to stop rotating due to increased drilling pressure, leading to stuck pipe, well deviation, and ultimately resulting in low mechanical drilling speed and long drilling time. Stuck pipe also increases drill string torque and causes stick-slip vibration in the drill bit. All of these phenomena cause significant damage to the drill bit teeth, greatly shortening drill bit life and reducing drilling efficiency.

[0004] To improve the efficiency of mechanical drilling in hard formations and reduce drilling costs, the development of new drilling tools has become a new trend.

[0005] Field applications have shown that impact rock breaking is a method to improve mechanical drilling speed. This method utilizes hydraulic rotary drilling technology, where a high-frequency impact force is generated by an internal impact device in the rotary drill bit and transmitted to the drill bit, enabling it to break rocks more quickly. Compared to traditional conventional drilling techniques, this technology can alleviate drill bit sticking and increase mechanical rotational speed. However, this type of tool still has certain shortcomings, such as complex mechanical structure and short drill bit lifespan. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a mechanical composite impact drilling speed-up tool that overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and can effectively solve the problems of complex mechanical structure and short service life of the original tool.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved through the following measures: a mechanical composite impact drilling speed-up tool, comprising an upper shell, a lower shell, a connecting short section, and a drill bit seat. The outer side of the lower end of the upper shell is connected to the inner side of the upper end of the lower shell. The outer side of the upper end of the connecting short section is connected to the inner side of the lower end of the lower shell. A lower ring platform is provided on the inner side of the upper end of the connecting short section. A drive shaft short section is coaxially mounted inside the upper shell. A bearing assembly is provided between the outer side of the upper part of the drive shaft short section and the inner side of the upper shell. The upper end of the drill bit seat passes through the lower shell and the connecting short section in sequence and is connected to the lower end of the drive shaft short section. An impact hammer is mounted between the outer side of the upper part of the drill bit seat and the inner side of the lower shell. An impact device that enables the impact hammer to move up and down is provided on the outer side of the lower part of the drill bit seat.

[0008] The following are further optimizations and / or improvements to the above-mentioned technical solution:

[0009] The aforementioned bearing assembly may include a moving ring, a moving cylinder, and a stationary cylinder. The moving ring, the moving cylinder, and the stationary cylinder are sequentially fitted from the inside to the outside between the outer side of the drive shaft short section and the inner side of the upper housing. The drive shaft short section and the moving ring, the moving ring and the moving cylinder, and the stationary cylinder and the inner wall of the upper housing are all fixedly connected together.

[0010] The aforementioned impact device may include an upper cam and a lower cam. The inner side of the upper end of the upper cam is fixedly connected to the outer side of the lower end of the impact hammer. The bottom of the upper cam is evenly distributed with multiple protruding teeth. The lower end face of the protruding teeth and the lower side face of the upper cam located in front of the protruding teeth in the counterclockwise direction are transitioned by an inclined surface. The inner side of the lower end of the lower cam is fixedly connected to the outer side of the drill bit base. The upper end of the lower cam is provided with tooth grooves that match the protruding teeth.

[0011] The inner sidewall of the lower end of the aforementioned drive shaft short section may have several arc-shaped first grooves with outward openings evenly distributed along the circumference. The outer sidewall of the upper end of the drill bit seat is provided with a second groove corresponding to the first groove along the circumference. The drive shaft short section and the drill bit seat are fixedly connected by cylindrical pins provided in the first and second grooves.

[0012] A cavity can be formed between the lower side of the aforementioned drive shaft short section and the lower side of the upper housing, the upper side of the impact hammer, the inner wall of the lower housing, and the outer wall of the drill bit seat. The upper inner wall of the drill bit seat has several liquid inlets that communicate with the cavity at even intervals along the circumference. The inner wall of the lower housing is provided with at least two symmetrical sliding grooves along the circumference. The impact hammer can move up and down reciprocally in the sliding grooves. An outer ring platform is provided on the outer side of the middle part of the drill bit seat corresponding to the position below the impact hammer.

[0013] The inner wall of the lower housing, corresponding to the position between the upper and lower cams, can have several liquid outlets that are connected internally and externally evenly distributed along the circumference.

[0014] This invention features a reasonable and compact structure, and is easy to use. It is sealed and connected to the upper screw drill bit. The high-speed rotation of the screw drill bit drives the short section of the drive shaft to rotate at high speed. Under the impact of high-pressure drilling fluid, the shaft rotates and drives the impact hammer to move up and down reciprocally. The impact hammer can move downwards to impact the impact device, which can transmit axial impact load to the drill bit seat, enabling the drill bit seat to break rocks more quickly. This tool has a simple structure, effectively improves drill bit service life, reduces wellbore deviation, and is characterized by safety, labor-saving, simplicity, and high efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Appendix Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the present invention.

[0016] Appendix Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the impact device in this invention.

[0017] Appendix Figure 3 For the appendix Figure 1 Enlarged cross-sectional view of section AA.

[0018] The codes in the attached diagram are as follows: 1 is the upper housing, 2 is the lower housing, 3 is the connecting section, 4 is the drill bit holder, 5 is the drive shaft section, 6 is the moving ring, 7 is the moving cylinder, 8 is the stationary cylinder, 9 is the upper cam, 10 is the lower cam, 11 is the convex tooth, 12 is the tooth groove, 13 is the inclined surface, 14 is the cylindrical pin, 15 is the cavity, 16 is the impact hammer, 17 is the liquid inlet, 18 is the outer ring platform, and 19 is the liquid outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and the specific implementation can be determined according to the technical solution of the present invention and the actual situation.

[0020] In this invention, for ease of description, the description of the relative positions of the components is based on the appendix to the specification. Figure 1 The layout is described using a diagrammatic method, such as the positional relationships of front, back, top, bottom, left, and right, which are based on the instructions attached. Figure 1 The orientation of the layout is determined by the direction of the map.

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings:

[0022] As attached Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the mechanical composite impact drilling speed-up tool includes an upper housing 1, a lower housing 2, a connecting section 3, and a drill bit seat 4. The outer side of the lower end of the upper housing 1 is connected to the inner side of the upper end of the lower housing 2. The outer side of the upper end of the connecting section 3 is connected to the inner side of the lower end of the lower housing 2. A lower ring platform is provided on the inner side of the upper end of the connecting section 3. A drive shaft section 5 is coaxially mounted inside the upper housing 1. A bearing assembly is provided between the outer side of the upper part of the drive shaft section 5 and the inner side of the upper housing 1. The upper end of the drill bit seat 4 passes through the lower housing 2 and the connecting section 3 in sequence and is connected to the lower end of the drive shaft section 5. An impact hammer 16 is mounted between the outer side of the upper part of the drill bit seat 4 and the inner side of the lower housing 2. An impact device that enables the impact hammer 16 to move up and down is provided on the outer side of the lower part of the drill bit seat 4.

[0023] According to requirements, the lower outer side of the upper housing 1 is connected to the upper inner side of the lower housing 2 via threads, and the lower inner side of the lower housing 2 is connected to the upper outer side of the connecting short section 3 via threads. The drill bit seat 4 and the drive shaft short section 5 are provided with a central flow channel that runs vertically through them. During use, this tool is sealed and connected to the upper screw drill bit. The high-speed rotation of the screw drill bit drives the drive shaft short section 5 to rotate at high speed. Under the impact of high-pressure drilling fluid, the rotation drives the impact hammer 16 to move up and down reciprocally. The impact hammer 16 can move downward to hit the impact device, and the impact device can transmit axial impact load to the drill bit seat 4. This tool has a simple structure and can effectively improve the service life of the drill bit and reduce wellbore deviation. The lower annular platform plays a limiting role.

[0024] The aforementioned mechanical composite impact drilling speed-up tools can be further optimized and / or improved according to actual needs:

[0025] As attached Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the bearing assembly includes a moving ring 6, a moving cylinder 7, and a stationary cylinder 8. The moving ring 6, the moving cylinder 7, and the stationary cylinder 8 are sequentially fitted from the inside to the outside between the outer side of the drive shaft short section 5 and the inner side of the upper housing 1. The drive shaft short section 5 and the moving ring 6, the moving ring 6 and the moving cylinder 7, and the stationary cylinder 8 and the inner wall of the upper housing 1 are all fixedly connected together.

[0026] As required, the fixed connections between the drive shaft short section 5 and the moving coil 6, between the moving coil 6 and the moving cylinder 7, and between the stationary cylinder 8 and the inner wall of the upper housing 1 are interference fit connections. During use, the drive shaft short section 5, together with the moving coil 6 and the moving cylinder 7, can rotate within the stationary cylinder 8.

[0027] As attached Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the impact device includes an upper cam 9 and a lower cam 10. The inner side of the upper end of the upper cam 9 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the lower end of the impact hammer 16. The bottom of the upper cam 9 is evenly distributed with multiple protruding teeth 11. The lower end face of the protruding teeth 11 and the lower side of the upper cam 9 located in front of the protruding teeth 11 in the counterclockwise direction are connected by a slope 13. The inner side of the lower end of the lower cam 10 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the drill bit base 4. The upper end of the lower cam 10 is provided with tooth grooves 12 that match the protruding teeth 11.

[0028] Depending on the requirements, the upper cam 9 and the impact hammer 16, and the lower cam 10 and the drill bit base 4 can be connected by threads. The projection of the convex tooth 11 on the vertical plane is a right trapezoid that is narrower at the bottom and wider at the top. During use, as the convex tooth 11 and the tooth groove 12 alternately engage and engage, the impact hammer 16 and the upper cam 9 will move axially at high frequency, generating a high-frequency axial impact force on the lower cam 10. This axial impact force will eventually be transmitted to the drill bit base 4, causing the drill bit base 4 to move axially at high frequency, thus accelerating the efficiency of the drill bit in breaking rocks.

[0029] As attached Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the inner sidewall of the lower end of the drive shaft short section 5 has several arc-shaped first grooves with outward openings evenly distributed along the circumference. The outer sidewall of the upper end of the drill bit seat 4 has a second groove corresponding to the first groove along the circumference. The drive shaft short section 5 and the drill bit seat 4 are fixedly connected by cylindrical pins 14 provided in the first and second grooves.

[0030] During use, the cylindrical pin 14, in conjunction with the first and second grooves, ensures that the force between the drive shaft section 5 and the drill bit seat 4 is relatively uniform and the guidance is good. It is also convenient and quick to disassemble and reassemble and can be reused.

[0031] As attached Figure 1 , 2 As shown, a cavity 15 is formed between the lower side of the drive shaft short section 5, the lower side of the upper housing 1, the upper side of the impact hammer 16, the inner wall of the lower housing 2, and the outer wall of the drill bit seat 4. Several liquid inlets 17 communicating with the cavity 15 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the upper inner wall of the drill bit seat 4. At least two symmetrical sliding grooves are provided along the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the lower housing 2. The impact hammer 16 can move up and down reciprocally in the sliding groove. An outer ring platform 18 is provided on the outer side of the middle part of the drill bit seat 4 corresponding to the position below the impact hammer 16.

[0032] During operation, high-pressure drilling fluid flows into the cavity 15 from the inlet 17, creating downward pressure on the upper side of the impact hammer 16, pushing it downward. Simultaneously, the upper cam 9 strikes the lower cam 10 downward. The sliding groove restricts the rotation of the impact hammer 16, ensuring that the impact hammer 16 and the upper cam 9 can only move up and down reciprocally. The outer ring platform 18 serves to limit movement and bear the impact force of the impact hammer 16.

[0033] As attached Figure 1 , 3 As shown, the inner wall of the lower housing 2, corresponding to the position between the upper cam 9 and the lower cam 10, has several liquid outlets 19 that are connected internally and externally distributed in a circumferential direction.

[0034] During use, the outlet 19 is used to discharge drilling fluid between the upper cam 9 and the lower cam 10, reduce the pressure between the upper cam 9 and the lower cam 10, and allow the upper cam 9 to smoothly move downward and cooperate with the lower cam 10.

[0035] The above technical features constitute the preferred embodiment of the present invention, which has strong adaptability and optimal implementation effect. Unnecessary technical features can be added or removed according to actual needs to meet the requirements of different situations.

[0036] The preferred embodiment of the present invention is as follows: This tool is sealed and connected to the upper screw drill bit. High-pressure drilling fluid flows from the upper screw drill bit into the central channel of the drive shaft section 5, and then enters the cavity 15 from the inlet 17 at the top of the drill bit seat 4. At this time, the impact hammer 16, together with the upper cam 9, resists the lower cam 10 due to its own weight and the hydraulic pressure of the high-pressure drilling fluid. When the screw drill bit rotates at high speed, driving the drive shaft section 5 and the drill bit seat 4 to rotate at high speed, the drill bit seat 5 drives the lower cam 10 to rotate, causing the upper cam 9 and the impact hammer 16 to move upward, discharging the high-pressure drilling fluid in the cavity 15 from the inlet 17 into the drill bit seat 4. When the convex tooth 11 of the upper cam 9 is misaligned with the tooth groove 12 of the lower cam 10, the high-pressure drilling fluid flows from the outlet 19. As the upper cam 9 moves downwards under its own weight, the impact hammer 16, connected to the upper cam 9, flows into the cavity 15 again from the inlet 17. The cavity 15 is filled with high-pressure drilling fluid, which pushes the impact hammer 16 downwards, simultaneously causing the upper cam 9 to move downwards until it impacts the lower cam 10. Because the drive shaft short section 5 drives the drill bit seat 4 to rotate continuously, the lower cam 10 also rotates continuously. Therefore, during the alternating engagement and locking process of the upper cam 9 and the lower cam 10, the impact hammer 16 and the upper cam 9 will move axially at high frequency, forming a high-frequency axial impact on the lower cam 10. Since the lower cam 10 is fixed to the drill bit seat 4, this axial impact force will eventually be transmitted to the drill bit seat 4, enabling the drill bit seat 4 to break rocks more quickly. This tool has a simple structure and can effectively improve the service life of the drill bit and reduce wellbore deviation.

Claims

1. A mechanical composite impact drilling speed-up tool, characterized in that... The device includes an upper housing, a lower housing, a connecting section, and a drill bit holder. The outer side of the lower end of the upper housing is connected to the inner side of the upper end of the lower housing. The outer side of the upper end of the connecting section is connected to the inner side of the lower end of the lower housing. A lower ring platform is provided on the inner side of the upper end of the connecting section. A drive shaft section is coaxially mounted inside the upper housing. A bearing assembly is provided between the outer side of the upper part of the drive shaft section and the inner side of the upper housing. The upper end of the drill bit holder passes through the lower housing and the connecting section in sequence and is connected to the lower end of the drive shaft section. An impact hammer is mounted between the outer side of the upper part of the drill bit holder and the inner side of the lower housing. An impact device that enables the impact hammer to move up and down is provided on the outer side of the lower part of the drill bit holder. The bearing assembly includes a moving ring, a moving cylinder, and a stationary cylinder. The moving ring, the moving cylinder, and the stationary cylinder are sequentially fitted from the inside to the outside between the outer side of the drive shaft short section and the inner side of the upper housing. The drive shaft short section and the moving ring, the moving ring and the moving cylinder, and the stationary cylinder and the inner wall of the upper housing are all fixedly connected together. The inner side wall of the lower end of the drive shaft short section has several arc-shaped first grooves with outward openings evenly distributed along the circumference. The outer side wall of the upper end of the drill bit seat has a second groove corresponding to the first groove along the circumference. The drive shaft short section and the drill bit seat are fixedly connected by cylindrical pins provided in the first and second grooves. A cavity is formed between the lower side of the drive shaft short section and the lower side of the upper housing, the upper side of the impact hammer, the inner wall of the lower housing, and the outer wall of the drill bit seat. Several liquid inlets communicating with the cavity are evenly distributed along the circumference of the upper inner wall of the drill bit seat. At least two symmetrical sliding grooves are provided along the circumference of the inner wall of the lower housing. The impact hammer can move up and down reciprocally in the sliding grooves. An outer ring platform is provided on the outer side of the middle part of the drill bit seat corresponding to the position below the impact hammer.

2. The mechanical composite impact drilling speed-up tool according to claim 1, characterized in that... The impact device includes an upper cam and a lower cam. The inner side of the upper end of the upper cam is fixedly connected to the outer side of the lower end of the impact hammer. The bottom of the upper cam is evenly distributed with multiple protruding teeth. The lower end face of the protruding teeth and the lower side face of the upper cam located in front of the protruding teeth in the counterclockwise direction are connected by an inclined surface. The inner side of the lower end of the lower cam is fixedly connected to the outer side of the drill bit base. The upper end of the lower cam is provided with tooth grooves that match the protruding teeth.

3. The mechanical composite impact drilling speed-up tool according to claim 2, characterized in that... The inner wall of the lower housing, corresponding to the position between the upper and lower cams, has several liquid outlets that are connected internally and externally, evenly distributed along the circumference.

Images