Dental implant and method for manufacturing the same

Abstract

The application provides a dental implant and a preparation method thereof, wherein the dental implant comprises: an implant, an inner surface of which surrounds a first mounting hole; an abutment, which has a crown connecting part and an implant connecting part coaxially arranged and integrated, an inner surface of the abutment surrounds a second mounting hole, and an outer surface of the implant connecting part is etched with a plurality of micro grooves; and a fixing screw, which passes through the second mounting hole and is screw-connected with the first mounting hole, so that the implant connecting part is fixedly inserted into the first mounting hole to form a micro gap between the outer surface of the implant connecting part and the inner surface of the implant, and the micro gap is communicated with the plurality of micro grooves; and in the case that the micro gap and the plurality of micro grooves are filled with a liquid medium, a fluid film is formed between the outer surface of the implant connecting part and the inner surface of the implant. The application can improve the stability of the dental implant and is beneficial to the long-term function of the denture in the oral cavity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a dental implant and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Dental prostheses consist of implants that are inserted into the jawbone for support and fixation, and crowns that perform chewing functions. For example, Figure 1 As shown, the implant 11 is mostly a two-piece dental implant 11, which mainly consists of the implant 11, the abutment 12, and the fixing screw 13. The implant 11 is used to be implanted into the alveolar bone A11, and the abutment 12 is exposed outside the dental mucosa A12 to provide support and retention for the crown. The fixing screw 13 is used to connect the implant 11 and the abutment 12. However, due to the limitation of processing precision, the implant 11 and the abutment 12 cannot be completely matched. There is a micro-gap 14 between the interface of the implant 11 and the abutment 12. As a result, under the action of masticatory force, relative movement inevitably occurs between the implant 11 and the abutment 12, leading to wear between the implant 11 and the abutment 12. On the one hand, the abrasive debris 15 generated by this wear increases the gap between the implant 11 and the abutment 12, thereby intensifying the relative movement between the implant 11 and the abutment 12, making the wear more severe and causing mechanical complications, such as loosening of the fixing screw 13 or crown, reducing the stability of the dental implant 11; on the other hand, the abrasive debris 15 generated by this wear is easily discharged into the surrounding tissues of the implant 11, causing biological complications, such as peri-implantitis (e.g., at the location indicated by A13) and apoptosis of alveolar bone A11 cells (e.g., at the location indicated by A14), which is not conducive to the long-term function of the denture in the oral cavity. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a dental implant and a method for preparing the same, in order to solve or alleviate one or more technical problems in the prior art.

[0004] As one aspect of the embodiments of this application, this application provides a dental implant, comprising:

[0005] An implant, the inner surface of which forms a first mounting hole, one end of which penetrates the top end face of the implant and the other end extends along the axial direction of the implant into the interior of the implant;

[0006] The abutment has a coaxially arranged and integrated crown connector and implant connector. The inner surface of the abutment forms a second mounting hole, which extends along the axial direction of the abutment and penetrates the top end face of the crown connector and the bottom end face of the implant connector. The outer surface of the implant connector is etched with multiple microgrooves, and a passivation film is formed on the surface of the abutment. The passivation film is made of titanium dioxide.

[0007] The fixing screw is inserted through the second mounting hole and is screw-connected with the first mounting hole, so that the implant connecting part is fixedly inserted into the first mounting hole to form a micro gap between the outer surface of the implant connecting part and the inner surface of the implant, and the micro gap is communicated with the plurality of micro grooves;

[0008] In the case where the micro gap and the plurality of micro grooves are filled with a liquid medium, a fluid film is formed between the outer surface of the implant connecting part and the inner surface of the implant.

[0009] In an embodiment, the plurality of micro grooves are all circular ring grooves, and the plurality of micro grooves are all arranged along the circumferential direction of the implant connecting part and are uniformly spaced along the axial direction of the implant connecting part.

[0010] And / or, the longitudinal section of the micro groove is any one of an arc shape, an inverted trapezoidal shape and a wedge shape.

[0011] In an embodiment, the maximum depth of the micro groove is between 50 μm and 100 μm, the maximum width of the micro groove is between 50 μm and 200 μm, and the spacing between any two adjacent micro grooves is between 100 μm and 600 μm.

[0012] In an embodiment, the implant connecting part is conical, the implant has a neck part and an implant body coaxially arranged and integrated, the first mounting hole penetrates the top end surface of the neck part and extends to the inside of the implant body, the part of the first mounting hole located in the neck part is a conical section, and the outer surface of the implant connecting part and the inner surface of the implant located in the conical section define the micro gap.

[0013] As an aspect of the embodiments of the present application, another preparation method of a dental implant is provided, comprising:

[0014] The implant and the abutment are respectively manufactured; the inner surface of the implant surrounds a first mounting hole, one end of the first mounting hole penetrates the top end surface of the implant and the other end extends to the inside of the implant along the axial direction of the implant; the abutment has a dental crown connecting part and an implant connecting part coaxially arranged and integrated, the inner surface of the abutment surrounds a second mounting hole, the second mounting hole extends along the axial direction of the abutment and penetrates the top end surface of the dental crown connecting part and the bottom end surface of the implant connecting part from top to bottom, the outer surface of the implant connecting part is etched with a plurality of micro grooves, and the surface of the abutment is formed with a passivation film, and the material of the passivation film is titanium dioxide.

[0015] The fixing screw is inserted through the second mounting hole and is screw-connected with the first mounting hole, so that the implant connecting part is fixedly inserted into the first mounting hole to form a micro gap between the outer surface of the implant connecting part and the inner surface of the implant, and the micro gap is communicated with the plurality of micro grooves;

[0016] In the case where the micro gap and the plurality of micro grooves are filled with a liquid medium, a fluid film is formed between the surface of the implant connecting portion and the inner surface of the implant.

[0017] In one embodiment, the method for manufacturing the abutment comprises:

[0018] The outer surface of the abutment is sequentially subjected to gradient polishing treatment and first ultrasonic cleaning.

[0019] A plurality of micro grooves are etched on the outer surface of the implant connecting portion using a picosecond laser.

[0020] In one embodiment, after etching the plurality of micro grooves, the method for manufacturing the abutment further comprises:

[0021] The outer surface of the abutment is sequentially subjected to first fine polishing treatment and second ultrasonic cleaning.

[0022] The abutment is subjected to a heating treatment to oxidize the surface of the abutment to form a passivation film.

[0023] The outer surface of the abutment is sequentially subjected to second fine polishing treatment and third ultrasonic cleaning.

[0024] In one embodiment, etching a plurality of micro grooves on the outer surface of the implant connecting portion using a picosecond laser comprises:

[0025] A plurality of micro grooves are etched on the outer surface of the implant connecting portion using a picosecond laser with a wavelength of 532 nm, a power of 25 W to 50 W, a repetition frequency of 300 KHz to 500 KHz, and a scanning speed of 300 mm / s to 500 mm / s, forming a plurality of micro grooves extending along the circumference of the implant connecting portion and uniformly spaced along the axial direction of the implant; wherein the maximum depth of the micro groove is between 50 μm and 100 μm, the maximum width of the micro groove is between 50 μm and 200 μm, and the spacing between any two adjacent micro grooves is between 100 μm and 600 μm.

[0026] In one embodiment, each etching process comprises:

[0027] A picosecond laser beam is irradiated to the outer surface of the implant connecting portion, and the abutment is rotated along its axis to form micro grooves on the outer surface of the implant connecting portion.

[0028] The embodiment of the present application adopts the technical solution, a plurality of micro grooves are arranged on the outer surface of the implant connecting part, and the plurality of micro grooves are all communicated with the micro gap, more liquid medium can be stored by using the plurality of micro grooves, and a fluid film is formed between the outer surface of the implant connecting part and the inner surface of the implant. In the case that relative movement occurs between the outer surface of the implant connecting part and the inner surface of the implant, the bearing force generated by the fluid film can relieve the contact pressure between the abutment and the implant; in the case that the outer surface of the implant connecting part and the inner surface of the implant are in contact and friction, the liquid medium stored in the plurality of micro grooves can enter the bonding interface between the implant connecting part and the implant, so as to separate the outer surface of the implant connecting part and the inner surface of the implant, thereby playing a protection and secondary lubrication role, so that the increase of the size of the micro gap can be delayed, the relative mobility between the implant and the abutment can be maintained, the gradually reduced friction force of the fixing screw and the retention torque can be prevented, and then the mechanical complications such as loosening of the fixing screw or the crown can be reduced, and the stability of the dental implant can be improved. At the same time, the plurality of micro grooves also have the function of storing grinding dust, which can not only further reduce the emission of grinding dust to the surrounding tissue of the implant, such as the dental mucosa and the alveolar bone around the implant, thereby reducing the biological complications such as peri-implant mucositis and alveolar bone cell apoptosis, but also can prevent the three-body wear of the grinding dust to the bonding interface between the implant and the abutment. Since the dental implant of the embodiment of the present application has the above functions, it is helpful to the long-term function of the denture in the oral cavity and prolongs the service time of the denture.

[0029] The above summary is intended to illustrate the present application and is not intended to be limiting thereof. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments and features described above, further aspects, embodiments and features will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the drawings and the following detailed description of the application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] In the drawings, like reference numerals refer to same or similar components throughout the several views. The drawings are not necessarily to scale. It should be understood that the drawings are merely illustrative of certain embodiments of the application and should not be considered limiting of the scope of the application.

[0031] Figure 1 A partial effect diagram of a dental implant of prior art implanted into alveolar bone.

[0032] Figure 2 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a dental implant according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Figure 3 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the dashed box B in Figure 2

[0034] Figure 4 ​A model schematic diagram of the micro-groove according to the embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0035] Figure 5 A partial schematic diagram of the micro-groove according to the embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0036] Figure 6 An effect diagram of the plastic deformation of the partial region in Figure 2 is shown.

[0037] Figure 7a An effect diagram of the wear of the inner surface of the implant of the prior art is shown.

[0038] Figure 7b An effect diagram of the plastic deformation of the partial region in Figure 7a is shown.

[0039] Figure 7c An effect diagram of the plastic deformation of the partial region in Figure 7a is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In the following, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As will be obvious to those skilled in the art, the embodiments described can be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Accordingly, the drawings and descriptions are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive.

[0041] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the dental implant according to the embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 3 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of Figure 2 is shown. Figure 4 A model schematic diagram of the micro-groove according to the embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 5 A partial schematic diagram of the micro-groove according to the embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 6 An effect diagram of the dental implant of Figure 2 implanted into the alveolar bone is shown. As shown in Figures 2 to 6 , the dental implant 20 of the embodiment of the present application comprises an implant 21, an abutment 22 and a fixing screw 23.

[0042] The inner surface of the implant 21 encloses a first mounting hole 211, one end of the first mounting hole 211 penetrating through the top end surface of the implant 21 and the other end extending along the axial direction of the implant 21 to the interior of the implant 21, that is, the first mounting hole 211 is a blind hole penetrating through the top end surface of the implant 21 and extending to the interior of the implant 21.

[0043] The abutment 22 has a crown connecting portion 22a and an implant connecting portion 22b coaxially arranged and integrated, wherein the bottom end of the crown connecting portion 22a is connected with the top end of the implant connecting portion 22b, the crown connecting portion 22a is used for connecting a crown, and the implant connecting portion 22b is used for connecting the implant 21. The inner surface of the abutment 22 surrounds a second mounting hole 221, which extends along the axial direction of the abutment 22 and penetrates the top end face of the crown connecting portion 22a and the bottom end face of the implant connecting portion 22b. That is, the second mounting hole 221 is a through hole penetrating the top end face of the abutment 22 and the bottom end face of the implant connecting portion 22b. The outer surface of the implant connecting portion 22b is etched with a plurality of microgrooves 222, and the surface of the abutment 22 is formed with a passivation film, and the material of the passivation film is titanium dioxide.

[0044] The plurality of microgrooves 222 form microtexture on the outer surface of the implant connecting portion 22b, and the size of the plurality of microgrooves 222 is in the order of microns. Exemplarily, the plurality of microgrooves 222 are etched in the region where the outer surface of the implant connecting portion 22b is in contact with the inner surface of the implant 21.

[0045] Preferably, the material of the abutment 22 can be titanium, titanium alloy or the like. By heating the abutment 22, a dense layer of titanium dioxide is formed on the surface of the abutment 22, which constitutes the passivation film of the abutment 22, improves the mechanical properties such as hardness of the abutment 22, and helps to hinder the corrosion of the abutment 22, thereby protecting the abutment 22.

[0046] The fixing screw 23 penetrates the second mounting hole 221 and is screwed with the first mounting hole 211, so that the implant connecting portion 22b is fixedly inserted into the first mounting hole 211, and a microgap 24 is formed between the outer surface of the implant connecting portion 22b and the inner surface of the implant 21, and the microgap 24 is in communication with the plurality of microgrooves 222. In the case that the microgap 24 and the plurality of microgrooves 222 are filled with a liquid medium, a fluid film is formed between the outer surface of the implant connecting portion 22b and the inner surface of the implant 21. Exemplarily, the liquid medium can be saliva protein in the oral cavity of the patient. After the dental implant 20 is implanted into the alveolar bone A1 of the patient, the saliva protein or other liquid substances in the oral cavity of the patient can fill the microgap 24 and the plurality of microgrooves 222, so as to form a fluid film with high bearing capacity between the outer surface of the implant connecting portion 22b and the inner surface of the implant 21.

[0047] In the prior art, please refer to Figure 1 , Figures 7a to 7c After the dental implant is used for a period of time, the region where the inner surface of the implant 11 is in contact with the outer surface of the abutment 12 (i.e. the bonding interface) will be obviously worn Figure 7aThe middle asterisk marks the wear damage area of the inner surface of the implant 11, and the generated wear debris is easy to accumulate in large quantities Figure 7b The arrow points to the accumulated wear debris 15, causing the plastic deformation of the combined interface between the inner surface of the implant 11 and the outer surface of the abutment 12, for example Figure 7c The middle triangle marks the material delamination of the inner surface of the implant 11. This can easily exacerbate wear, causing mechanical complications and biological complications, where the incidence of mechanical complications is 1.97%~2.59%, the 5-year cumulative incidence is 9.4%~12.2%, the 5-year cumulative incidence of biological complications is 4.8%~13.6%, and the cumulative incidence of complications is high, which is not conducive to the long-term stable function of the denture. Although the micro-gap 14 between the combined interface of the implant 11 and the abutment 12 in the prior art can also be filled with liquid medium in the patient's oral cavity, due to the very small size of the micro-gap 14, for example, the size of the micro-gap 14 is usually much smaller than 100 μm, under the relative movement between the implant 11 and the abutment 12, the liquid medium is easily extruded out of the micro-gap 14, so it cannot relieve the contact pressure between the implant 11 and the abutment 12.

[0048] Compared with the prior art, the plurality of micro grooves 222 are arranged on the outer surface of the implant connecting portion 22b and are all in communication with the micro gap 24, the plurality of micro grooves 222 can store more liquid medium, and a fluid film is formed between the outer surface of the implant connecting portion 22b and the inner surface of the implant 21. In the case that relative movement occurs between the outer surface of the implant connecting portion 22b and the inner surface of the implant 21, the bearing capacity of the fluid film can relieve the contact pressure between the abutment 22 and the implant 21; in the case that the outer surface of the implant connecting portion 22b and the inner surface of the implant 21 are in contact and friction, the liquid medium stored in the plurality of micro grooves 222 can enter the bonding interface between the implant connecting portion 22b and the implant 21, so as to separate the outer surface of the implant connecting portion 22b and the inner surface of the implant 21, thereby playing a protection and secondary lubrication role, so that the increase in the size of the micro gap 24 can be delayed, the relative mobility between the implant 21 and the abutment 22 can be maintained, the gradual decrease of the friction force and the retention torque of the fixing screw 23 can be prevented, and then the mechanical complications such as loosening of the fixing screw 23 or the dental crown can be reduced, and the stability of the dental implant 20 can be improved. At the same time, the plurality of micro grooves 222 also have the function of storing grinding dust, which can not only further reduce the emission of grinding dust to the surrounding tissue of the implant 21, such as the dental mucosa A12 and the alveolar bone A11 located around the implant 21, thereby reducing biological complications such as mucositis and alveolar bone cell apoptosis around the implant 21, but also can prevent the three-body wear of the grinding dust on the bonding interface between the implant 21 and the abutment 22. Since the dental implant 20 has the above functions, the denture can be helped to perform functions in the oral cavity for a long time, and the service life of the denture can be prolonged.

[0049] In an embodiment, please refer to Figures 2 to 6 The plurality of micro grooves 222 are all circular ring grooves, and the plurality of micro grooves 222 all extend along the circumference of the implant connecting portion 22b and are uniformly spaced along the axial direction of the implant connecting portion 22b. A large number of experiments show that, by arranging the plurality of micro grooves 222 as circular ring grooves, and arranging the plurality of micro grooves 222 to all extend along the circumference of the implant connecting portion 22b and be uniformly spaced along the axial direction of the implant connecting portion 22b, the bearing capacity of the fluid film can be more evenly distributed along the outer surface of the implant connecting portion 22b and have a better bearing effect.

[0050] It can be understood that the plurality of micro grooves 222 can also be strip grooves, and the plurality of micro grooves 222 can all extend along the axial direction of the implant connecting portion 22b and be spaced and uniformly arranged along the circumference of the implant connecting portion 22b. The arrangement mode of the plurality of micro grooves 222 can be selected and adjusted according to actual needs, and the arrangement mode of the plurality of micro grooves 222 is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0051] In an embodiment, please refer toFigure 2 and Figure 3 The longitudinal section of the micro-groove 222 is any one of arc, inverted trapezoid and wedge. By setting the micro-groove 222 as the above shape, the liquid medium can be easily filled in the micro-groove 222, which helps the load capacity of the formed fluid film to be vertically directed to the inner surface of the implant 21, and reduces the loss of the load capacity.

[0052] In an embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The maximum depth D of the micro-groove 222 is between 50 μm and 100 μm (including the end point value), the maximum width W of the micro-groove 222 is between 50 μm and 200 μm (including the end point value), and the distance L between any two adjacent micro-grooves 222 is between 100 μm and 600 μm (including the end point value). The maximum depth D of the micro-groove 222 is the distance between the opening of the micro-groove 222 and the deepest part of the micro-groove 222, the maximum width W of the micro-groove 222 is the maximum dimension of the groove width of the micro-groove 222, and the distance L between the two adjacent micro-grooves 222 is the distance between the center lines of the longitudinal sections of the two adjacent micro-grooves 222. For example, the maximum depth D of the micro-groove 222 is 50 μm, the maximum width W is 100 μm, and the distance L between any two adjacent micro-grooves 222 is 300 μm. A large number of experiments show that by setting the above numerical ranges of the micro-groove 222, the load capacity generated by the fluid film can better balance the contact pressure between the implant 21 and the abutment 22.

[0053] In an embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The implant connecting part 22b is conical, the implant 21 has a neck part 21a and an implant body 21b coaxially arranged and integrated, the first mounting hole 211 penetrates the top end surface of the neck part 21a and extends to the inside of the implant body 21b, the part of the first mounting hole 211 located in the neck part 21a is a conical section 211a, and the outer surface of the implant connecting part 22b and the inner surface of the implant 21 located in the conical section 211a define a micro-gap 24. Exemplarily, the shape of the outer surface of the implant connecting part 22b is adapted to the shape of the inner surface of the implant 21 located in the conical section 211a, so that the thickness of the micro-gap 24 is the same everywhere.

[0054] In the present embodiment, by setting the implant connecting part 22b to be conical, the plurality of micro-grooves 222 are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the conical shape, and the outer surface of the implant connecting part 22b and the inner surface of the implant 21 located in the conical section 211a define a conical micro-gap 24, which can form a conical fluid film and further help to buffer the masticatory force.

[0055] In one embodiment, the first mounting hole 211 is located at a portion of the implant body 21b, which includes a threaded segment 211b and a receiving segment 211c. The threaded segment 211b is in communication with the bottom end of the tapered segment 211a, and the receiving segment 211c is located at the bottom end of the threaded segment 211b. The fixing screw 23 includes an integrated head 23a and a shank 23b, and the end of the shank 23b away from the head 23a is provided with external threads. The interior of the second mounting hole 221 is stepped. When the fixing screw 23 passes through the second mounting hole 221, the head 23a of the fixing screw 23 abuts against the hole wall of the second mounting hole 221. After the shank 23b of the fixing screw 23 passes through the second mounting hole 221, the external threads of the shank 23b are screwed with the threaded segment 211b of the first mounting hole 211, and the end of the shank 23b away from the head 23a is received by the receiving segment 211c. In this way, the abutment 22 can be fixedly inserted into the interior of the implant 21 to form a fluid film. Moreover, since the shank 23b of the fixing screw 23 is screwed with the second mounting hole 221, the outer surface of the fixing screw 23 is in close contact with the inner surface of the implant 21, which can seal the receiving segment 211c and prevent the liquid medium from entering the receiving segment 211c.

[0056] In addition, the outer surface of the implant body 21b is also provided with external threads, so that the implant body 21b can be screwed with the alveolar bone A11 to improve the firmness of the connection.

[0057] The other configurations of the dental implant 20 of the above embodiment can adopt various technical solutions known to those skilled in the art at present and in the future, which will not be described in detail here.

[0058] The present application also provides a preparation method of the dental implant, which will be described below in combination with Figures 2 to 6 The preparation method of the present application will be described. The preparation method can include:

[0059] In step S110, the implant 21 and the abutment 22 are respectively manufactured. The inner surface of the implant 21 surrounds the first mounting hole 211, one end of which penetrates the top end surface of the implant 21 and the other end of which extends to the interior of the implant 21 along the axial direction of the implant 21. The abutment 22 has a coaxially arranged and integrated crown connecting portion 22a and implant connecting portion 22b. The inner surface of the abutment 22 surrounds the second mounting hole 221, which extends along the axial direction of the abutment 22 and penetrates the top end surface of the crown connecting portion 22a and the bottom end surface of the implant connecting portion 22b. The outer surface of the implant connecting portion 22b is etched with a plurality of micro grooves 222.

[0060] In step S120, the fixing screw 23 is passed through the second mounting hole 221 and is screwed to the first mounting hole 211, so that the implant connecting portion 22b is fixedly inserted into the first mounting hole 211 to form a micro gap 24 between the outer surface of the implant connecting portion 22b and the inner surface of the implant 21, and the micro gap 24 is in communication with the plurality of micro grooves 222;

[0061] In the case where the micro gap 24 and the plurality of micro grooves 222 are filled with a liquid medium, a fluid film is formed between the surface of the implant connecting portion 22b and the inner surface of the implant 21. The formation of the fluid film can refer to the above-mentioned embodiments, and will not be described here.

[0062] The above-mentioned scheme, by providing the plurality of micro grooves 222 on the outer surface of the implant connecting portion 22b, and the plurality of micro grooves 222 are in communication with the micro gap 24, more liquid medium can be stored in the plurality of micro grooves 222, so that a fluid film is formed between the outer surface of the implant connecting portion 22b and the inner surface of the implant 21. In the case where relative motion occurs between the outer surface of the implant connecting portion 22b and the inner surface of the implant 21, the load bearing capacity of the fluid film can balance the contact pressure between the abutment 22 and the implant 21; in the case where the outer surface of the implant connecting portion 22b and the inner surface of the implant 21 are in contact and friction, the liquid medium stored in the plurality of micro grooves 222 can enter the bonding interface between the implant connecting portion 22b and the implant 21, so as to separate the outer surface of the implant connecting portion 22b and the inner surface of the implant 21, and play a protective and secondary lubricating role. In this way, the interface wear resistance of the implant 21 and the abutment 22 is enhanced, the mechanical wear between the bonding interface of the implant 21 and the abutment 22 is reduced, and the generation of wear debris is reduced, so that the increase in the size of the micro gap 24 can be delayed, the relative mobility between the implant 21 and the abutment 22 can be maintained, the gradual decrease of the friction force and the retention torque of the fixing screw 23 can be prevented, and the mechanical complications such as loosening of the fixing screw 23 or the crown can be reduced, so as to help improve the stability of the dental implant 20. At the same time, the plurality of micro grooves 222 also have the function of storing wear debris, which can not only further reduce the emission of wear debris to the surrounding tissue of the implant 21, such as the dental mucosa A12 and the alveolar bone A11 around the implant 21, thereby reducing biological complications such as mucositis and alveolar bone cell apoptosis around the implant 21, but also can prevent the three-body wear of the wear debris to the bonding interface between the implant 21 and the abutment 22. Since the dental implant 20 made by the preparation method of the embodiment has the above-mentioned functions, it is helpful to prolong the service time of the denture in the oral cavity.

[0063] In an embodiment, the step S110 of manufacturing the abutment 22 can include:

[0064] Step S111, sequentially performing gradient polishing treatment and first ultrasonic cleaning on the outer surface of the base 22.

[0065] Exemplarily, the gradient polishing treatment on the outer surface of the base 22 can be that the base 22 is placed in a flowing water environment, and a plurality of sandpapers with increasing fineness are sequentially used to polish the outer surface of the base 22, wherein the fineness of the sandpaper is between 200 meshes and 5000 meshes (including the end values). For example, during the process of flushing the base 22 with flowing water, sandpapers with fineness of 200 meshes, 1000 meshes, 3000 meshes and 5000 meshes are sequentially used to polish the outer surface of the base 22, so as to realize the gradient polishing treatment of the base 22, and make the outer surface of the base 22 gradually change from rough to fine. In the polishing process, the friction of the sandpaper on the outer surface of the base 22 will generate high heat, and placing the base 22 in the flowing water environment can cool the base 22 by using the flowing water, so as to avoid the oxidation of the outer surface of the base 22 affecting the subsequent process. It should be noted that the fineness of the plurality of sandpapers and the corresponding polishing times can be selected and adjusted according to actual needs, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0066] In addition, the first ultrasonic cleaning can be that the base 22 is placed in ethanol solution for ultrasonic cleaning and the base 22 is placed in distilled water for ultrasonic cleaning. After the gradient polishing treatment of the base 22, a large number of metal particles will fall off and adhere to the outer surface of the base 22, and by placing the base 22 in two different liquids for ultrasonic cleaning, the metal particles adhering to the outer surface of the base 22 can be thoroughly cleaned, so as to avoid the metal particles reducing the etching precision of the subsequent micro-grooves 222.

[0067] Step S112, etching a plurality of micro-grooves 222 on the outer surface of the implant connecting part 22b by using a picosecond laser.

[0068] In an embodiment, after etching the plurality of micro-grooves 222, the method for manufacturing the base 22 further comprises:

[0069] Step S113, sequentially performing first fine polishing treatment and second ultrasonic cleaning on the outer surface of the base 22. Exemplarily, the first fine polishing treatment can be that a sandpaper with fineness between 3000 meshes and 5000 meshes (including the end values) is used to fine polish the outer surface of the base 22. Through the first fine polishing treatment, the loose substances generated on the outer surface of the base 22 due to laser sintering can be removed. The time of the second ultrasonic cleaning can be between 30 minutes and 60 minutes (including the end values), so as to sufficiently clean the metal particles or loose substances and other impurities falling into the micro-grooves 222.

[0070] In step S114, the base 22 is subjected to a heat treatment to oxidize the surface of the base 22 to form a passivation film. Exemplarily, the base 22 can be made of titanium, titanium alloy, or the like, and the heat treatment of the base 22 can be a muffle furnace heat treatment of the base 22. Specifically, the base 22 is placed in the interior of a muffle furnace, the temperature in the interior of the muffle furnace is increased at a rate of 10°C / min, and when the temperature in the interior of the muffle furnace reaches 600°C, the temperature is maintained for 3h, and then the temperature in the interior of the muffle furnace is cooled to room temperature. In this way, the outer surface of the base 22 is oxidized to form a dense layer of titanium dioxide, which constitutes the passivation film of the base 22, and improves the mechanical properties such as the hardness of the base 22, and helps to block the corrosion of the base 22, thereby protecting the base 22.

[0071] In step S115, the outer surface of the base 22 is subjected to a second fine polishing treatment and a third ultrasonic cleaning in sequence. Exemplarily, the second fine polishing treatment can be fine polishing of the outer surface of the base 22 using sandpaper with a fineness of 3000-5000 mesh (including the end values), to remove small protrusions and residual loose substances on the outer surface of the base 22. The third ultrasonic cleaning can further cause the small protrusions and residual loose substances on the outer surface of the base 22 to fall off and separate from the outer surface of the base 22.

[0072] In an embodiment, the step S112 of etching a plurality of microgrooves 222 on the outer surface of the implant connecting portion 22b using a picosecond laser can include:

[0073] A plurality of times of etching on the outer surface of the implant connecting portion 22b using a picosecond laser with a wavelength of 532nm, a power of 25-50W (including the end values), a repetition frequency of 300-500KHz (including the end values), and a scanning speed of 300-500mm / s (including the end values) is performed to form a plurality of microgrooves 222 extending along the circumference of the implant connecting portion 22b and uniformly spaced along the axial direction of the implant 21. The picosecond laser can be generated by a picosecond laser generator. The maximum depth of the microgrooves 222 is between 50-100μm, the maximum width of the microgrooves 222 is between 50-200μm, and the spacing between any two adjacent microgrooves 222 is between 100-600μm. A large number of experiments show that by setting the wavelength of the picosecond laser to be 532nm, the power to be 25-50W, the repetition frequency to be 300-500KHz, and the scanning speed to be 300-500mm / s, and etching on the outer surface of the implant connecting portion 22b using the picosecond laser, it is easier to form the microgrooves 222 with the above parameters.

[0074] In one embodiment, each etching process includes: irradiating a beam of picosecond laser to the outer surface of the implant connection part 22b, rotating the abutment 22 along the axis of the abutment 22 to form a micro groove 222 on the outer surface of the implant connection part 22b. Specifically, one micro groove 222 extending along the circumference of the outer surface of the implant connection part 22b can be formed when the abutment 22 rotates along its axis for one circle. In the process of multiple etching, after completing the current etching, the picosecond laser generator is moved along the axial direction of the implant connection part 22b by a preset distance to start the next etching, until all etching is completed to form a plurality of micro grooves 222. Wherein, the preset distance is between 100 μm-600 μm (including the end value), which constitutes the spacing between any two adjacent micro grooves 222.

[0075] In the description of this specification, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0076] In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited.

[0077] In this application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected, or it can be communicated; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication or interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0078] In this application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "on" or "under" of a first feature with respect to a second feature can include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, "on", "above" and "on top of" of a first feature with respect to a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the first feature is horizontally higher than the second feature. "Under", "below" and "underneath" of a first feature with respect to a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the first feature is horizontally lower than the second feature.

[0079] The above disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of the present application. For simplicity of the disclosure, the above description of certain embodiments has not included the description of certain features or settings that are well known to those skilled in the art. However, it is to be understood that such features and settings are within the scope of the present application. Moreover, the present application can be carried out in different examples without departing from the scope of the application. Consequently, the specific embodiments disclosed above are shown by way of example only and should not be treated as limiting the present application. In addition, the reference numerals in different examples can be repeated to simplify the present disclosure, and such repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity and does not indicate any relationship between the various embodiments and / or configurations discussed.

[0080] The above description is only specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of various changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present application, and these should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A dental implant, characterized in that, include: An implant, the inner surface of which forms a first mounting hole, one end of which penetrates the top end face of the implant and the other end extends along the axial direction of the implant into the interior of the implant; The abutment has a coaxially arranged and integrally connected crown connector and implant connector. The inner surface of the abutment forms a second mounting hole. The second mounting hole extends along the axial direction of the abutment and penetrates the top end face of the crown connector and the bottom end face of the implant connector. The outer surface of the implant connector is etched with multiple microgrooves, and a passivation film is formed on the surface of the abutment. The passivation film is made of titanium dioxide. A fixing screw passes through the second mounting hole and is screwed into the first mounting hole, so that the implant connection part is fixedly inserted into the first mounting hole to form a micro gap between the outer surface of the implant connection part and the inner surface of the implant, and the micro gap communicates with the plurality of microgrooves; Wherein, when the micro-gap and the plurality of micro-grooves are filled with a liquid medium, a fluid membrane is formed between the outer surface of the implant connector and the inner surface of the implant.

2. The dental implant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of microgrooves are all annular grooves, and the plurality of microgrooves extend circumferentially along the implant connection and are evenly spaced along the axial direction of the implant connection. And / or, the longitudinal section of the microgroove is any one of arc-shaped, inverted trapezoidal, and wedge-shaped.

3. The dental implant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The maximum depth of the microgroove is between 50μm and 100μm, the maximum width of the microgroove is between 50μm and 200μm, and the distance between any two adjacent microgrooves is between 100μm and 600μm.

4. The dental implant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The implant connector is conical, and the implant has a neck and an implant body that are coaxially arranged and connected as one. The first mounting hole penetrates the top end face of the neck and extends into the interior of the implant body. The portion of the first mounting hole located in the neck is a conical segment. The outer surface of the implant connector and the inner surface of the implant located in the conical segment define the microgap.

5. A method for preparing a dental implant, characterized in that, include: Prepare the implant and abutment separately; The inner surface of the implant forms a first mounting hole, one end of which penetrates the top end face of the implant and the other end extends along the axial direction of the implant into the interior of the implant; the abutment has a coaxially arranged and integrally connected crown connection and implant connection; the inner surface of the abutment forms a second mounting hole, which extends along the axial direction of the abutment and penetrates vertically through the top end face of the crown connection and the bottom end face of the implant connection; the outer surface of the implant connection is etched with multiple microgrooves, and a passivation film is formed on the surface of the abutment, the material of which is titanium dioxide; The fixing screw is passed through the second mounting hole and screwed into the first mounting hole, so that the implant connection part is fixedly inserted into the first mounting hole to form a micro gap between the outer surface of the implant connection part and the inner surface of the implant, and the micro gap is connected to the plurality of micro grooves. Wherein, when the micro-gap and the plurality of micro-grooves are filled with a liquid medium, a fluid film is formed between the surface of the implant connector and the inner surface of the implant.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Fabricating the base includes: The outer surface of the base is sequentially subjected to gradient polishing and a first ultrasonic cleaning. Multiple microgrooves were etched on the outer surface of the implant connection using a picosecond laser.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, After etching the multiple microtrenches, the fabrication of the substrate further includes: The outer surface of the base is subjected to a first fine polishing treatment and a second ultrasonic cleaning treatment in sequence; The substrate is heated to oxidize its surface and form the passivation film. The outer surface of the base is then subjected to a second fine polishing treatment and a third ultrasonic cleaning treatment.

8. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Multiple microgrooves were etched on the outer surface of the implant connection using a picosecond laser, including: A picosecond laser beam with a wavelength of 532nm, a power of 25W~50W, a repetition frequency of 300KHz~500KHz, and a scanning speed of 300mm / s~500mm / s is used to etch multiple times on the outer surface of the implant connector, forming multiple microgrooves that extend circumferentially along the implant connector and are evenly spaced along the implant axis; wherein, the maximum depth of the microgrooves is between 50μm and 100μm, the maximum width of the microgrooves is between 50μm and 200μm, and the distance between any two adjacent microgrooves is between 100μm and 600μm.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that, Each etching process includes: A picosecond laser beam is irradiated onto the outer surface of the implant connector, and the abutment is rotated along the axis of the abutment to form the microgroove on the outer surface of the implant connector.

Images