Construction method combining cantilever structure slicing hoisting with in-air patching

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of cantilever structure piece hoisting and in-air patching combination construction method, including cantilever structure including multiple splicing units and the patching component located in the splicing unit inside, construction method includes the following steps: prefabricating each the splicing unit;Multiple patching components are from top to bottom corresponding hoisting and fixed to multiple the splicing unit inside, wherein, first using tower crane hoisting construction topmost patching component, then using the hoisting device of fixed last layer patching component is carried out the hoisting construction of next layer patching component, until all patching components hoisting construction is completed.The present application solves the technical problem that the lower cantilever structure is deformed relatively large due to load accumulation in prior art steel structure cantilever structure using tower crane in-air scattered splicing assembly welding mode.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of building construction, in particular to a construction method combining piece-by-piece hoisting and in-air patching of a cantilever structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of building technology, high-rise building design is increasingly developing towards comprehensive multipurpose, and high-rise building structures are further complicated. The use requirements of building multifunctionality have caused diversification of structural shapes and forms. These novel building shapes give people a visual impact, but at the same time, they have created many problems for building structure construction, especially in the construction of super high-rise steel structures with cantilever structures under tight schedule and heavy tasks. Therefore, the use of a reasonable and optimized construction method can to some extent shorten the construction period and save construction costs, which has become the most concerned problem of the present application.

[0003] In the prior art, the cantilever structure of a steel structure is usually assembled and welded by tower crane in the air, and the hook is loosened after installation and welding. A large amount of tower crane hoisting time is occupied, which has a great influence on the construction period. At the same time, due to the gradual accumulation of load, the lower cantilever structure is deformed greatly, which affects the installation of the subsequent cantilever structure and the safety of the entire cantilever structure. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present application provides a construction method combining piece-by-piece hoisting and in-air patching of a cantilever structure, which solves the technical problem that the use of the tower crane in the prior art to assemble and weld the cantilever structure of a steel structure easily causes the lower cantilever structure to be deformed greatly due to load accumulation.

[0005] The present application discloses a construction method combining piece-by-piece hoisting and in-air patching of a cantilever structure, comprising the following steps:

[0006] The cantilever structure comprises a plurality of splicing units and patching members located inside the splicing units, and the construction method comprises the following steps:

[0007] Each splicing unit is pre-made;

[0008] The plurality of splicing units are hoisted layer by layer from bottom to top and fixed to the building main body;

[0009] A hoisting device is installed inside the building main body;

[0010] The plurality of patching members are hoisted and fixed to the plurality of splicing units from top to bottom, wherein the topmost patching member is hoisted and constructed by using a tower crane, and then the hoisting and construction of the next layer of patching members are carried out by using the fixed upper layer of patching members in cooperation with the hoisting device, until the hoisting and construction of all patching members are completed.

[0011] The further improvement of the construction method of combining segmented hoisting and aerial patching of cantilever structure in this invention is that the splicing unit includes multiple splicing components, and at least one splicing component is equipped with a strain gauge. During hoisting, the splicing components are hoisted sequentially and fixed to the main building, and then the splicing components are fixed to each other to form the splicing unit. Deformation space is left between adjacent splicing units, and the deformation of each splicing unit is monitored by the strain gauge.

[0012] The further improvement of the construction method of combining cantilever structure segmented hoisting and aerial patching in this invention is that the splicing unit includes multiple columns, and when the monitoring results of the strain gauge show that the deformation is stable, the columns of two adjacent splicing units are fixed.

[0013] The further improvement of the cantilever structure segmented hoisting and aerial patching construction method of the present invention lies in that each splicing unit is equipped with multiple strain gauges. Before manufacturing each splicing unit, finite element software is used to simulate the structural stress and end displacement of each splicing unit under different states throughout the construction stage, establish a finite element model and analyze the distribution position of each strain gauge.

[0014] The present invention further improves the cantilever structure segmented hoisting and aerial patching construction method by using a hoisting device that is a winch fixed to the steel columns of the building body. After the top layer of patching components is hoisted, a fixed pulley is installed on the top layer of patching components. The hoisting rope of the winch is passed around the fixed pulley to hoist the next layer of patching components. After the next layer of patching components is hoisted, the next layer of patching components is used as the previous layer of patching components, and the fixed pulley is transferred and installed on the previous layer of patching components. Then, the hoisting of the next layer of patching components is carried out.

[0015] The further improvement of the construction method of combining cantilever structure segmented hoisting and aerial patching in this invention lies in that, before making each splicing unit, a frame is built on the ground, and each splicing unit is made on the frame.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are positive and significant. This invention, through a hoisting method combining modular assembly with winch installation of the insert components, shortens the hoisting construction time and solves the technical problem in existing technologies where the use of tower cranes for aerial assembly and welding of cantilever steel structures easily leads to significant deformation of the lower cantilever structure due to load accumulation. This method utilizes tower cranes to install the unit frames and winches to install the insert components, greatly reducing the time spent on tower cranes during cantilever construction, avoiding additional maintenance work due to deformation, and shortening the construction period and reducing costs. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the construction steps of the cantilever structure segmented hoisting and aerial patching method of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the splicing unit of the construction method combining segmented hoisting and aerial patching of the cantilever structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the steel beam hoisting method of the cantilever structure segmented hoisting and aerial patching construction method of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal steel beam hoisting method for the cantilever structure segmented hoisting and aerial patching construction method of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the ladder beam hoisting in the construction method of combining segmented hoisting and aerial patching of the cantilever structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this invention provides a construction method combining segmented hoisting and aerial patching for cantilever structures. The cantilever structure includes multiple splicing units and patching components located within the splicing units. The construction method includes the following steps:

[0025] Each of these splicing units 2 is prefabricated;

[0026] Multiple splicing units 2 are hoisted and fixed to the main building structure from bottom to top in layers;

[0027] Install hoisting equipment inside the main building 1;

[0028] Multiple interlocking components are hoisted and fixed into the various splicing units 2 from top to bottom. First, a tower crane is used to hoist the topmost interlocking component. Then, the already fixed upper-layer interlocking components are used in conjunction with the hoisting device to hoist the next layer of interlocking components, until all interlocking components are installed. In this embodiment, the cantilever structure is divided into sections according to the tower crane's performance to form the external frame of each unit. Pre-assembly is performed on the ground to reduce the number of tower crane lifts and shorten the construction period. The interlocking components within the frame are then hoisted using a hoisting device to assist in the installation, avoiding excessive weight of the entire cantilever structure and potential safety issues. This method utilizes the finite element analysis software MIDAS to pre-simulate and analyze the maximum deformation point of the splicing units on the cantilever structure. Based on the simulation results, the most unfavorable point is monitored at fixed points and times, achieving pre-simulation analysis and in-process control, ensuring that structural deformation is absorbed within each unit. This principle provides better forward-looking guidance for on-site installation operations, ensuring structural safety. This method adopts a hoisting approach that combines unit-by-unit assembly with the installation of the insert components using a winch 4. The tower crane is used to install the structural frame, and the winch 4 is used to install the insert components, which greatly reduces the time that the tower crane is occupied during cantilever construction. This method is suitable for structures with a lot of internal substructures in the cantilever structure 2.

[0029] Preferably, the splicing unit 2 includes multiple splicing components, and at least one splicing component is equipped with a strain gauge. During hoisting, the splicing components are hoisted sequentially and fixed to the main building structure, and then the splicing components are fixed to each other to form the splicing unit 2. Deformation space is left between adjacent splicing units 2, and the deformation of each splicing unit 2 is monitored by the strain gauge. Multiple splicing components are fabricated on the ground and then installed and fixed in the air by a tower crane, avoiding the complicated operation of hoisting and installing single steel pieces and improving installation efficiency. When fixing the splicing components to each other, the columns of the splicing components are not fixed temporarily to leave deformation space between adjacent splicing units 2, and other parts are fixed first. Before fabricating the splicing unit 2, each splicing component is numbered according to the installation sequence. The splicing components are hoisted in sequence according to the number using a tower crane, and after being in place, they are fixed to the main building structure 1 with steel wire ropes. Then, a hand-operated hoist is used for correction and adjustment to ensure the installation accuracy of the splicing components. After each splicing component is calibrated and checked to ensure that it is correct, welding is carried out according to the design requirements. Only after each assembled component has been inspected and found to meet the design requirements, and all welds have been carefully inspected and found to meet the requirements, can the assembled component be detached from the tower crane wire rope.

[0030] This method is crucial for the temporary fixing of various structures during construction, facilitating the positioning and alignment of splicing components during hoisting, reducing alignment time, and ensuring the stability of the splicing components. Furthermore, positioning clamps can be installed on the upper part of the steel beam of each splicing component to facilitate direct installation. Simultaneously, after installation, to prevent sagging at the ends of each splicing component, steel wire ropes are used to fix the ends of the splicing components to the steel columns of the already installed main building 1. Vertical safety ropes are installed on the upper flange of the steel beam of the splicing components. The vertical poles are fixed to the steel beams using clamps to avoid welding and damage to the base material. The slack of the safety ropes is adjusted using turnbuckles. Operators fasten their safety belts, attach them to the steel wire ropes, and then perform the unhooking operation. The steel columns and beams of two adjacent splicing components are welded on-site using a suspended platform. After the vertical splicing components are installed in place, to ensure the out-of-plane stiffness of the vertical splicing components, the horizontal steel beams 3 between the splicing components are installed to form a stable frame system. After the lower splicing unit 2 is installed, the upper splicing unit 2 is installed. Before the upper splicing unit 2 is installed, all lower components need to be welded. After the second layer of splicing units is installed, the splicing units are welded to the steel columns of the main building structure 1.

[0031] If the cantilever structure also has an edge sealing structure, a tower crane is used to install the steel beams of the edge sealing structure, and then the internal embedded crossbeams of the edge sealing structure are installed using a winch 4. If the cantilever structure also has an outer segment, the outer segment is installed after the cantilever structure connected to the main building structure 1 has been installed for six floors. After the vertical outer segment of the cantilever is installed, its internal embedded crossbeams are installed.

[0032] Following the installation sequence described above, install the upper cantilever structures sequentially. After each cantilever structure is fully installed, promptly install the steel truss floor slabs to enclose the horizontal floors. After the construction of every three cantilever steel structures is completed, pour the concrete for the floor slabs.

[0033] Preferably, the splicing unit includes multiple columns. When the strain gauge monitoring results show that the deformation is stable, the columns of two adjacent splicing units are fixed. This reduces deformation after the cantilever structure is fully installed, thus minimizing its impact on the overall stability of the cantilever structure.

[0034] Preferably, multiple strain gauges are evenly distributed on each splicing unit 2. Before fabricating each splicing unit 2, the structural stress and end displacement of each splicing unit 2 under different conditions throughout the construction stage are simulated, a finite element model is established, and the distribution position of each strain gauge is analyzed. This method uses the finite element analysis software MIDAS to perform stress and deformation analysis on each installation unit on the cantilever structure in the following conditions: initial lifting, initial loading, final lifting, final loading, and overall installation completion. The maximum deformation point is identified, and a vibrating wire surface strain gauge is installed at the maximum deformation point. This allows for timely detection of the deformation at each maximum deformation point, enabling timely countermeasures to ensure the stability of the entire cantilever structure.

[0035] Preferably, the hoisting device is a winch 4. Before hoisting multiple interlocking components from top to bottom into the splicing unit 2 using the hoisting device, the winch 4 is fixed to the steel column of the main building 1 using a steel frame. In this embodiment, the winch 4 is fixed to the floor slab of the main building structure 1 corresponding to the lowest splicing unit, and the base of the winch 4 is welded and fixed to the steel column and the floor slab using a steel frame. The installation of interlocking components at different heights is controlled by adjusting the length of the hoisting rope.

[0036] Preferred, such as Figures 3-5 As shown, after the top-level patch component is hoisted, a fixed pulley is installed on it. The hoisting rope of the winch 4 is then routed around this fixed pulley to hoist the next layer of patch components. After the next layer is hoisted, it is used as the next layer, and the fixed pulley is transferred and installed on it. Then, the hoisting of the next layer begins. To prevent the winch 4's wire rope from colliding with the installed main structure, a fixed pulley is used to meet the requirement of a wire rope turning node on the main structure. The wire rope turning node needs to be reliably connected to the main structure, and a hand-operated hoist is installed on the hoisting rope to adjust its aerial posture. During steel beam installation, the top-level patch component is directly installed using a tower crane. After the patch component is welded, a pulley is installed in the middle of the patch component, directly above the center of gravity of the lower patch component, thus preventing damage or collision with other structures during hoisting. In this embodiment, the suspension rope is made of steel wire rope, and the fitting component includes a horizontal steel beam 3 and a stair beam 5 located in the cantilever structure area.

[0037] Preferably, before fabricating each splicing unit 2, a jig is erected on the ground, and each splicing unit 2 is fabricated on the jig. This jig uses steel sections with a cross-sectional dimension not less than H500*200*10*14, made of Q235B steel. When setting up the jig, first lay a horizontal steel jig according to the X and Y projection points after coordinate transformation. After laying it, mark the X and Y projection lines, elevation lines, inspection lines, and support point positions. Then, erect the jig's vertical rods (the steel columns and beams of the splicing unit have different cross-sectional heights, so support plates can be used). Set the jig template according to the elevation at the support points. The jig setup should match the corresponding block dimensions. Furthermore, the lowest point of the jig height should be sufficient for all-position welding, and the jig should not exhibit significant swaying after erection.

[0038] Strain gauges can transmit real-time data. Using the inherent conversion formula of the strain gauge and formulas that have been developed and verified in advance, the frequency value of the strain gauge is converted into the strain unit of the rod, and then into the end deflection perpendicular to the direction of the rod. This allows us to understand the deformation of the end of the component.

[0039] The strain gauge selected is the AIOT-CCP-ZXS-CGQ-YB-03 vibrating wire surface strain gauge (standard type). The strain gauge calibration coefficient is K = 3.978. Calibration was performed using an AIOT-CCP-ZXS-CJY-SC-01 type readout meter in the 400-1200 range. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0040] ε(microstrain) = K(f) i 2 -f o 2 ) / 1000

[0041] The strain value within the measurement area is obtained.

[0042] Where K is the instrument standard coefficient, f o Initial reading, f i Current reading, in Hz; Temperature coefficient and temperature factor correction of the instrument: This strain gauge generally does not require correction if it is installed on a steel structure, because the steel wire of the sensor and the steel structure have the same coefficient of thermal expansion, so no correction is needed.

[0043] This invention shortens the hoisting time by combining modular assembly with winch installation of the insert components. It solves the technical problem in existing technologies where the use of tower cranes for aerial assembly and welding of cantilever steel structures easily leads to significant deformation of the lower cantilever structure due to accumulated loads. This method utilizes tower cranes to install the unit frames and winches to install the insert components, greatly reducing the time spent on tower cranes during cantilever construction, avoiding additional maintenance work due to deformation, and shortening the construction period and reducing costs. Once monitoring results show that the downward deflection of the spliced ​​unit has stabilized and no longer produces significant deformation, the pre-reserved column welds between adjacent spliced ​​units are welded.

[0044] All parts not described in this invention are the same as or can be implemented using existing technologies. The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the present invention, shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method combining segmented hoisting and aerial patching of cantilever structures, characterized in that, The cantilever structure comprises multiple splicing units and interlocking components located within the splicing units. The construction method includes the following steps: Each of the aforementioned splicing units is prefabricated; Multiple splicing units are hoisted layer by layer from bottom to top and fixed to the main building structure; Install hoisting equipment inside the main building structure; Multiple interlocking components are hoisted and fixed into the interior of multiple splicing units from top to bottom. First, the top interlocking component is hoisted using a tower crane. Then, the fixed upper-layer interlocking component is used in conjunction with the hoisting device to hoist the next layer of interlocking components until all interlocking components are hoisted. Each splicing unit is equipped with multiple strain gauges. Before fabricating each splicing unit, finite element software is used to simulate the structural stress and end displacement of each splicing unit under different conditions throughout the construction stage. A finite element model is established and the distribution position of each strain gauge is analyzed. The hoisting device is a winch, which is fixed to the steel columns of the building structure. After the top layer of the patching component is hoisted, a fixed pulley is installed on the top layer of the patching component. The hoisting rope of the winch is passed around the fixed pulley to hoist the next layer of patching components. After the next layer of patching components is hoisted, the next layer of patching components is used as the previous layer of patching components, and the fixed pulley is transferred and installed on the previous layer of patching components. Then, the hoisting of the next layer of patching components is carried out.

2. The construction method combining segmented hoisting and aerial patching of cantilever structures according to claim 1, characterized in that, The splicing unit includes multiple splicing components, and at least one splicing component is equipped with a strain gauge. During hoisting, the splicing components are hoisted sequentially and fixed to the main building structure. Then, the splicing components are fixed to each other to form the splicing unit. Deformation space is left between adjacent splicing units. The deformation of each splicing unit is monitored by the strain gauge.

3. The construction method combining segmented hoisting and aerial patching of cantilever structures according to claim 2, characterized in that, The splicing unit includes multiple columns. When the strain gauge monitoring results show that the deformation is stable, the columns of two adjacent splicing units are fixed.

4. The construction method combining segmented hoisting and aerial patching of cantilever structures according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before fabricating each of the splicing units, a frame is erected on the ground, and each splicing unit is fabricated on the frame.

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