A high-temperature back pressure regulating device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-temperature backpressure regulating device, which comprises a base, a sleeve and a central cone; the base, the sleeve and the central cone have the same center line. Among them, the sleeve is arranged outside the base and is connected to the central cone, and can move left / right relative to the sleeve along the axial direction. The present invention adopts an axial-flow structure form, does not change the direction of high-temperature gas flow, reduces the interference to the flow field, and the flow field distribution at the high-temperature gas outlet is uniform, maximizing the avoidance of unbalanced forces. In addition, the base, the sleeve and the central cone all adopt a water-cooled form, greatly improving the temperature resistance performance of the device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gas turbines and valves, in particular to a high-temperature back pressure regulating device. Background Art

[0002] Gas turbines have become an indispensable source of power in industrial production due to their high efficiency and cleanliness. With the iteration and update of technology, gas turbines are constantly developing towards higher loads. As one of the three core components, the internal pressure and temperature of the combustion chamber are also gradually increasing.

[0003] In order to better grasp the performance indicators of the combustion chamber, the researchers simulated the high temperature and high pressure real operating environment of the combustion chamber as much as possible in the experimental research. The common method of regulating the combustion chamber pressure is to add a throttling device to the downstream pipe of the combustion chamber outlet, and adjust the flow area to achieve the regulation of the upstream combustion chamber pressure. However, the flue gas temperature at the combustion chamber outlet can reach up to 2000K, and the downstream throttling device is always in a high temperature and high pressure environment. The throttling devices currently available on the market are difficult to meet such harsh environments. The conventional practice is to add a spray section before the throttling device to spray water to cool the high-temperature flue gas. On the one hand, this requires a large amount of water resources, and on the other hand, it increases the complexity of the test system. During the test, the exhaust temperature may overheat due to failure of the water system or untimely water spraying, which in turn poses a threat to the safety of life and property of the test bench. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the existing technology and propose a high-temperature back pressure regulating device that reduces interference with the flow field and improves the safety of the test bench.

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a high-temperature back pressure regulating device, which is characterized by comprising a base, a sleeve and a central cone, wherein the base, the sleeve and the central cone are arranged on the same line, the sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the base, the central cone is arranged at the sleeve outlet and is combined with the sleeve to form an integral part through a support column; the high-temperature gas outlet section is formed between the outer surface of the central cone and the inner surface of the sleeve,

[0006] The cylindrical area formed by the base wrapping is the high-temperature gas flow cavity. The inner surface of the base inlet end is a straight pipe section, and the inner surface of the outlet end is an expansion section.

[0007] The central cone adopts a spindle-shaped structure. The front end outer surface of the central cone spindle-shaped structure and the wall surface of the expansion section at the outlet end of the base together form a high-temperature gas flow throat. The high-temperature gas flow cavity and the high-temperature gas outlet section are connected in the high-temperature gas flow throat.

[0008] The central cone and the sleeve move left / right relative to the base along the axial direction together, so as to increase / decrease the throat flow area and thus realize the regulation of the upstream pressure;

[0009] A water circulation cooling system is provided in the base, the sleeve and the central cone.

[0010] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can also be further realized by the following technical solution. An installation flange is provided at the end of the base, and the high-temperature backpressure regulating device is fixedly connected to the upstream pipeline / equipment through the installation flange, and the other end of the high-temperature backpressure regulating device is a free end.

[0011] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can also be further realized by the following technical solution. The base and the sleeve adopt independent water circulation cooling systems, each provided with an inlet hole and an outlet hole. Spiral guide groove cooling water flow channel structures are provided inside the base and the sleeve and are connected to their respective inlet holes and outlet holes to form their respective independent circulation systems.

[0012] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can also be further realized by the following technical solution. The height of the spiral guide groove cooling water flow channel is 4 mm.

[0013] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can also be further realized by the following technical solution. Support columns are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction on the outer surface of the central cone. The number of the support columns is not less than 3, and the central cone is connected to the sleeve through the support columns.

[0014] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can also be further realized by the following technical solution. Central cone cooling water flow channels are provided inside the support columns and the central cone.

[0015] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can also be further realized by the following technical solution. The central cone cooling water inlet hole and the outlet hole are arranged on the central support column, and the number of the central cone outlet holes is greater than the number of the central cone inlet holes.

[0016] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can also be further realized by the following technical solution. The central cone inlet hole penetrates through to the inside of the central cone. Cooling water flows in from the central cone inlet hole, flows upstream after entering the central cone, then flows through the outer wall surface side of the central cone, cools down the wall surface of the central cone and then flows into the rear end cavity of the central cone, and finally flows out from the central cone outlet hole.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts an axial flow structure, so it does not change the direction of the high-temperature gas flow, reducing the interference with the flow field. In addition, the structure of the present invention is circumferentially symmetric, and the circumferential flow field of the high-temperature gas is evenly distributed, maximizing the avoidance of unbalanced forces caused by uneven gas flow. On the other hand, the base, sleeve and central cone all adopt a water-cooled form, greatly improving the temperature resistance performance of the device. There is no need to spray water for cooling, and it can operate normally directly in the high-temperature flue gas operating environment, reducing the test cost while greatly reducing the complexity of the test bench system and improving the safety factor of the test bench. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the high-temperature back pressure regulating device;

[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle when the high-temperature back pressure regulating device is fully open;

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the central cone of the high-temperature back pressure regulating device;

[0021] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the working system of the high-temperature back pressure regulating device;

[0022] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram when the high-temperature back pressure regulating device is closed;

[0023] The meanings of the reference numerals are as follows: 1, high-temperature back pressure regulating device; 2, base; 3, sleeve; 4, central cone; 11, high-temperature gas inlet; 12, high-temperature gas flow direction; 13, high-temperature gas outlet; 21, mounting flange; 22, base water inlet hole; 23, base water outlet hole; 24, base cooling water flow channel; 25, base cooling water flow direction; 31, sleeve water inlet hole; 32, sleeve water outlet hole; 33, sleeve cooling water flow direction; 34, sleeve cooling water flow channel; 41, support column; 42, central cone water inlet hole; 43, central cone water outlet hole; 44, throat; 45, central cone cooling water flow channel; 5, ejector tube; 51, normal temperature air flow direction; 52, mixed gas flow direction; 6, exhaust tower. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0024] (0) The present invention will be further described below by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0025] As Figures 1-4 shown, this embodiment discloses a high-temperature back pressure regulating device, including: 2, base; 3, sleeve; 4, central cone; 21, mounting flange; 41, support column; 5, ejector tube; 6, exhaust tower.

[0026] As Figures 1-3As shown in the figure, the high-temperature backpressure regulating device 1 of this embodiment adopts an axial-flow structure. Among them, the center lines of the base 2, the sleeve 3, and the center cone 4 are collinear. The sleeve 3 is arranged outside the base 2 and is combined with the center cone 4 into an integral part through the support column 41. The cylindrical area formed by wrapping the base 1 is the high-temperature gas flow channel. The inner surface of the inlet end of the base 1 is a straight pipe section, and the inner surface of the outlet end is an expansion section. The wall profile of the expansion section can be designed according to the specific backpressure / flow regulation method (equal percentage / equal ratio, etc.). In this embodiment, the wall profile of the expansion section is designed according to the equal percentage method. In addition, the center cone 4 adopts a spindle-shaped structure. The outer surface of the front end of the spindle-shaped structure of the center cone 4 and the wall of the expansion section at the outlet end of the base 2 together form a high-temperature gas flow throat 44. The center cone 4 and the sleeve 3 move left / right relative to the base 2 along the axial direction, thereby increasing / decreasing the throat flow area and thus realizing the regulation of the upstream pressure.

[0027] In this embodiment, the main high-temperature components of the high-temperature backpressure regulating device 1, namely the base 2, the sleeve 3, and the center cone 4, are all cooled by liquid water. Among them, both the base 2 and the sleeve 3 adopt one water inlet hole and one water outlet hole. The interiors of the components are all hollow structures, and a base cooling water flow channel 24 and a sleeve cooling water flow channel 34 are respectively arranged inside. The height and internal structure of the cooling water flow channel can be designed according to the specific application scenario. In this embodiment, the height of the cooling water flow channel is 4 mm, and a spiral diversion groove structure is adopted to improve the cooling capacity of the cooling water.

[0028] Support columns 41 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction on the outer surface of the center cone 4. The number of support columns 41 is not less than 3, and in this embodiment, it is 4. The center cone is connected to the sleeve 3 through the support columns 41. Center cone cooling water flow channels 43 are arranged inside both the support columns 41 and the center cone 4. The center cone cooling water inlet hole 42 and the center cone cooling water outlet hole 43 are arranged on the center support column 41. The number of center cone outlet holes 43 is greater than the number of center cone inlet holes 42. In this embodiment, 1 inlet hole and 3 outlet holes are adopted to ensure that the cooling water will not be throttled. The center cone inlet hole 42 penetrates into the interior of the center cone 4. The cooling water flows in from the center cone inlet hole 42, enters the center cone 4 along the flow direction 45, flows upstream, then flows through the side of the outer wall of the center cone, cools down the wall surface of the center cone, and then flows into the rear cavity 46 of the center cone, and finally flows out from the three center cone outlet holes 43.

[0029] As Figure 4 shown, the high-temperature gas flows into the high-temperature backpressure regulating device 1 from the high-temperature gas inlet 11 along the high-temperature gas flow direction 12. After accelerating through the throat 44, it is ejected from the high-temperature gas outlet 13 at a high speed, entraining the surrounding normal-temperature air, and flowing into the ejector cylinder 5 together. And in the ejector cylinder 5, it cools down while mixing and flows downstream along the mixed gas flow direction 52. Finally, the mixed gas after mixing and cooling is discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust tower 6.

[0030] The high-temperature backpressure regulating device in this embodiment adopts an axial-flow structure form, so it does not change the direction of the high-temperature gas flow, reducing the interference with the flow field. In addition, the structure of this embodiment is circumferentially symmetric, and the circumferential flow field of the high-temperature gas is evenly distributed, maximizing the avoidance of unbalanced forces caused by uneven gas flow. On the other hand, the base, sleeve and central cone all adopt a water-cooled form, greatly improving the temperature resistance performance of the device. It does not require water spraying for cooling and can operate normally directly in the high-temperature flue gas operating environment, reducing the test cost while greatly reducing the complexity of the test bench system and improving the safety factor of the test bench.

[0031] Although the specific implementation manners of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art should understand that this is only an example, and the protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Without departing from the principle and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to these implementation manners, but these changes and modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-temperature back pressure regulating device, characterized in that: It includes a base, a sleeve and a central cone. The center lines of the base, the sleeve and the central cone are collinear. The sleeve is sleeved outside the base, and the central cone is arranged at the outlet of the sleeve and combined with the sleeve into an integral part through a support column; a high-temperature gas outlet section is formed between the outer surface of the central cone and the inner surface of the sleeve. The cylindrical area enclosed by the base forms a high-temperature gas flow channel. The inner surface of the inlet end of the base is a straight pipe section, and the inner surface of the outlet end is an expansion section. The outer surface of the front end of the central cone structure and the wall surface of the expansion section at the outlet end of the base jointly form a high-temperature gas flow throat. The high-temperature gas flow channel is connected to the high-temperature gas outlet section at the high-temperature gas flow throat. The central cone and the sleeve move left / right relative to the base along the axial direction together, so as to increase / decrease the throat flow area and thus realize the regulation of the upstream pressure. A water circulation cooling system is provided in the base, the sleeve and the central cone.

2. The high-temperature back pressure regulating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An installation flange is provided at the end of the base. The high-temperature back pressure regulating device is fixedly connected to the upstream pipeline / equipment through the installation flange, and the other end of the high-temperature back pressure regulating device is a free end.

3. The high-temperature backpressure regulating device according to claim 1, wherein: The base and the sleeve adopt independent water circulation cooling systems, each provided with an inlet hole and an outlet hole. Spiral guide groove cooling water flow channel structures are respectively provided inside the base and the sleeve and are connected to their respective inlet holes and outlet holes to form their respective independent circulation systems.

4. The high-temperature back pressure regulating device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The height of the spiral guide groove cooling water flow channel is 4 mm.

5. The high-temperature backpressure regulating device according to claim 1, wherein: Support columns are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction on the outer surface of the central cone. The number of the support columns is not less than 3, and the central cone is connected to the sleeve through the support columns.

6. The high-temperature back pressure regulating device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Central cone cooling water flow channels are provided inside the support columns and the central cone.

7. The high-temperature back pressure regulating device according to claim 6, wherein: The central cone cooling water inlet hole and the outlet hole are arranged on the support column, and the number of the central cone outlet holes is greater than the number of the central cone inlet holes.

8. The high-temperature back pressure regulating device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The central cone inlet hole penetrates into the inside of the central cone. Cooling water flows in from the central cone inlet hole, flows upstream after entering the central cone, then flows through the outer wall surface side of the central cone, cools down the wall surface of the central cone and then flows into the rear end cavity of the central cone, and finally flows out from the central cone outlet hole.

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