A method and device for inspecting an ocean raw data observation system

Abstract

The present application discloses a method and device for inspecting an ocean raw data observation system. The method performs first-trace seismic wave data stacking for each seismic source, and determines whether the seismic trace data is abnormal based on whether the first-trace stacked profile is abnormal, so as to quickly and accurately perform observation system inspection and ensure the accuracy of the data for subsequent processing work. Also, since identification information is incorporated into each seismic trace data, the abnormal seismic trace data can be located in a timely manner. The method also combines near-offset data linear moveout correction to inspect the ocean data observation system. It can not only determine whether the seismic trace data is abnormal based on whether the first-trace stacked profile is abnormal, but also determine the cause of the current seismic trace data through the near-offset linear moveout correction results of each shot point.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of seismic exploration, and particularly to a method and device for inspecting an observation system of marine original data. Background Art

[0002] Seismic exploration is a geophysical exploration method that utilizes the differences in elasticity and density of underground media to infer the properties and shapes of underground rock formations by observing and analyzing the response of the earth to artificially excited seismic waves. Seismic waves are artificially excited on the ocean surface. When the seismic waves propagate underground and encounter lithologic interfaces with different media properties, reflected waves or converted waves will be generated, and these seismic waves are received by geophones on the ocean surface. The received seismic signals are related to the characteristics of the seismic source, the positions of the geophone points, and the properties and structures of the underground rock formations through which the seismic waves pass. By processing and interpreting the seismic records, the properties and shapes of the underground rock formations can be inferred. The process of seismic exploration mainly includes three stages: field data acquisition, indoor data processing, and data interpretation.

[0003] The seismic data observation system is recorded by the field instrument shift report group during the field acquisition process. After receiving the seismic data, the indoor data processing personnel first need to add the corresponding observation system to the seismic data collected in the field. This observation system refers to the mutual positional relationship between the shot points and receiving points of seismic waves, generally including the coordinates of the shot points and detection points, shot numbers, line numbers, and trace numbers, etc. The correctness of adding the observation system will directly affect whether the indoor seismic data processing personnel can smoothly process the seismic data. When there are recording errors in the observation system, it will reduce the processing efficiency of indoor seismic data and cause great trouble to the work of indoor data processing personnel.

[0004] Currently, there is no complete method and device for inspecting the observation system of marine original data. Most of them adopt the near-trace stacking inspection method. This method selects the near offset of the shot gather, for example, the offset within 500m, performs linear dynamic correction and then stacks, and checks whether there are any abnormalities through the stacked section to confirm whether there are problems with the observation system definition. Although this method is convenient for discovering problems, the positioning of error information is rather cumbersome, greatly increasing the time for data inspection. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of this application provide a method and device for inspecting an observation system of marine original data, which can quickly and accurately perform the inspection of the observation system and ensure the accuracy of the data for subsequent processing work.

[0006] To achieve the above object, this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, a method for inspecting an observation system of marine original data is provided. The method for inspecting an observation system of marine original data includes:

[0008] Obtain the seismic trace data of each seismic observation system to be inspected, where the seismic trace data includes header data and seismic wave data;

[0009] Assign identification information to the seismic trace data;

[0010] Superimpose the seismic wave data of the first seismic trace data of the same target seismic source to obtain a first trace superimposition result;

[0011] Draw a first trace superimposition profile according to the first trace superimposition result;

[0012] When an anomaly appears in the first trace superimposition profile, determine that the seismic trace data of the target seismic source is abnormal and output the corresponding identification information.

[0013] Among them, the header data generally stores information such as the line number, trace number, number of sampling points, and geodetic coordinates corresponding to the seismic trace. The seismic wave data samples the waveform of the seismic signal at a certain time interval and then records this series of discrete amplitude values in a certain way.

[0014] According to the method described in the first aspect, since the method superimposes the first trace seismic wave data by seismic source, it is possible to determine whether the seismic trace data is abnormal based on whether the first trace superimposition profile is abnormal, so that the observation system can be inspected quickly and accurately, ensuring the accuracy of the data for subsequent processing work. Also, since each seismic trace data is assigned identification information, the abnormal seismic trace data can be located in a timely manner.

[0015] In a possible design, the assigning of the identification information to the seismic trace data includes: incorporating the identification information into the header of the seismic trace data.

[0016] In actual data processing, the data volume is often very large and there are many input files, sometimes even hundreds of files. How to quickly confirm which file the seismic trace data belongs to when seeing a seismic trace data is very important for data inspection. Only by quickly finding the file where the seismic trace data is located can the seismic trace data be quickly corresponded with the shift report and navigation file to find problems. The identification information is the identification for facilitating the finding of important information such as the file name, shift report, and navigation file corresponding to the seismic trace data. The identification information can be the marked information such as the field instrument shift report group number, line number, and trace number corresponding to the seismic trace. This identification information can be encoded into the header of the seismic trace data, so that when opening the data, just checking the header can quickly and accurately find the file name, shift report, and navigation file corresponding to the seismic trace data.

[0017] In a possible design, the number of shot points of the target seismic source is at least two, and the offsets of the first trace with respect to each shot point of the target seismic source are different.

[0018] In the general marine raw data streamer acquisition, a source ship tows a fixed number of streamers while navigating at sea. There are two sources, one on the left and the other on the right, on the source ship, which fire alternately, and the geophones on the streamers receive the signals. Since the distances between the left and right sources and the first streamer are different, the offsets of the first trace will be different. Although the reference water velocity, generally 1520 m / s, will be provided in the marine data navigation file, there will still be a certain difference from the actual water velocity. By performing linear normal moveout correction on the first trace data of the left and right sources, it will be found that there is a certain difference in the starting times of the first traces of the left and right sources. This is due to the different offsets of the first traces of the left and right sources and the time difference caused by inaccurate water velocity. The greater the difference between the reference water velocity and the actual water velocity, the greater the time difference between the first traces.

[0019] In a possible design solution, the superposition of the seismic wave data of the first trace of the seismic trace data of the same target source to obtain the first trace superposition result includes: superposing the seismic wave data of the first trace of the seismic trace data of the same target group of sources according to the following formula to obtain the first trace superposition result:

[0020]

[0021] where S ik is the superposition result, f ijk is to superpose the input data into one output trace, W jk is the superposition weight for each trace, N jk is the number of non-empty traces, i represents time, j represents offset, and k represents common midpoint.

[0022] In a possible design solution, the determination that the seismic trace data of the target source is abnormal in the case where the first trace superposition profile is abnormal includes: determining that the seismic trace data of the target source is abnormal in the case where the continuity of the first trace superposition profile is discontinuous.

[0023] It can be understood that if the seismic trace data is normal, the continuity of the first trace superposition profile after the first trace superposition is continuous and can be used for seismic data processing. On the contrary, if the seismic trace data is abnormal, the continuity of the first trace superposition profile after the first trace superposition is discontinuous and cannot be used for seismic data processing, and the reason needs to be further investigated.

[0024] In a second aspect, the present application provides another method for checking a marine raw data observation system. Based on the method shown in the first aspect, the method disclosed in the second aspect further includes:

[0025] Performing near-offset linear normal moveout correction on each shot point of the target source according to the target correction amount, and drawing the direct wave profiles of each shot point;

[0026] Based on the direct wave profile, determine the reason for the anomaly of the seismic trace data of the target source;

[0027] The target correction amount satisfies the following formula:

[0028] where Δt is the target correction amount, x is the offset, and ν is the water velocity.

[0029] It can be understood that the present application discloses another method for inspecting an ocean raw data observation system. This method mainly focuses on the first-trace stacking of data by source, and combines the linear moveout correction of near-offset data to inspect the ocean data observation system. It can not only judge whether the seismic trace data is abnormal by whether the first-trace stacking profile is abnormal, but also judge whether the current anomaly is caused by the abnormal lowering depth of the geophones of the target source or the abnormal inspection observation system by the linear moveout correction results of the near offsets of each shot point.

[0030] In a possible design, the step of determining the reason for the anomaly of the seismic trace data of the target source according to the direct wave profile includes: in the direct wave profile, when the direct wave appears as a horizontal line passing through the zero time, it is determined that the lowering depth of the geophones of the target source is abnormal; or, in the direct wave profile, when the direct wave appears as a downward or upward curved line, it is determined that the inspection observation system to be inspected is abnormal.

[0031] It can be understood that not all discontinuities in the coherency of the first-trace stacking profile are caused by inaccurate definition of the inspection observation system. There is another reason that can cause this phenomenon, which is incorrect cable depth definition. In ocean data acquisition, the geophones are lowered to a certain distance below the sea level. When doing the first-trace stacking, the data will be corrected to a fixed surface, that is, the sea level, to eliminate the data time difference caused by different lowering depths of the geophones at different positions. However, sometimes the recorded lowering depth of the geophones in the data headers is incorrect, or the lowering depth of the geophone points is not recorded, which will lead to incorrect correction amounts to the fixed surface. Therefore, when inspecting the definition of the observation system, the cause of the problem can be determined by performing linear moveout correction on the shot gathers.

[0032] Perform linear moveout correction on the near traces of the shot gathers. If the inspection observation system is correct, then the direct wave is a horizontal line passing through the zero time; but if the observation system is incorrect, the coordinates of the shot gathers do not match the actual coordinates, and the calculated offset also does not match the actual offset. At this time, the direct wave is no longer a horizontal line passing through the zero time. When the actual offset of the observation point is x real , and the offset after defining the observation system is x obs , then the difference between the actual correction amount and the theoretical correction amount after linear moveout correction of the direct wave of the shot gathers is:

[0033]

[0034] Therefore, when the offset after defining the observation system is greater than the actual offset, the direct wave after linear moveout correction sags downward, and when the offset after defining the observation system is less than the actual offset, the direct wave after linear moveout correction warps upward.

[0035] In a third aspect, the present application discloses a device for checking an ocean raw data observation system, including a module for executing the method according to any one of the first aspect and the second aspect.

[0036] In a fourth aspect, there is provided a device for checking an ocean raw data observation system. The device for checking an ocean raw data observation system includes: a receiving module and a transmitting module.

[0037] Optionally, the transmitting module and the receiving module may also be integrated into one module, such as a transceiver module. The transceiver module is used to implement the transmitting function and the receiving function of the device for checking an ocean raw data observation system.

[0038] Optionally, the device for checking an ocean raw data observation system according to the fourth aspect may further include a processing module. The processing module is used to implement the processing function of the device for checking an ocean raw data observation system.

[0039] Optionally, the device for checking an ocean raw data observation system according to the fourth aspect may further include a storage module, and the storage module stores programs or instructions. When the processing module executes the programs or instructions, the device for checking an ocean raw data observation system can execute the methods for checking an ocean raw data observation system according to the first aspect and the second aspect.

[0040] It should be noted that the device for checking an ocean raw data observation system according to the fourth aspect may be a network device, or a chip (system) or other components or assemblies that can be set in a network device, or a device including a network device. The present application does not make any limitations in this regard.

[0041] In addition, the technical effects of the device for checking an ocean raw data observation system according to the fourth aspect may refer to the technical effects of the methods for checking an ocean raw data observation system according to the first aspect and the second aspect, which will not be elaborated here.

[0042] Alternatively, in a fifth aspect, there is provided a device for checking an ocean raw data observation system. The device for checking an ocean raw data observation system includes: a processing module and a transceiver module.

[0043] Optionally, the transceiver module may include a receiving module and a transmitting module. Among them, the receiving module is used to implement the receiving function of the device for inspecting the marine raw data observation system described in the fifth aspect. The transmitting module is used to implement the transmitting function of the device for inspecting the marine raw data observation system described in the fifth aspect.

[0044] Optionally, the device for inspecting the marine raw data observation system described in the fifth aspect may further include a storage module, which stores programs or instructions. When the processing module executes the programs or instructions, the device for inspecting the marine raw data observation system can execute the methods for inspecting the marine raw data observation system described in the first aspect and the second aspect.

[0045] It should be noted that the device for inspecting the marine raw data observation system described in the fifth aspect may be a terminal device, or a chip (system) or other components or assemblies that can be set in the terminal device, or a device including the terminal device. The present application does not make any limitations in this regard.

[0046] In addition, the technical effects of the device for inspecting the marine raw data observation system described in the fifth aspect can refer to the technical effects of the methods for inspecting the marine raw data observation system described in the first aspect and the second aspect, and will not be elaborated here.

[0047] In a sixth aspect, a device for inspecting a marine raw data observation system is provided. The device for inspecting the marine raw data observation system includes: a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the device is enabled to execute the method described in any one of the implementation manners of the first aspect to the second aspect.

[0048] In a possible design, the device described in the sixth aspect may further include a transceiver. The transceiver may be a transceiver circuit or an interface circuit. The transceiver may be used for the device described in the sixth aspect to communicate with other devices.

[0049] In the present application, the device described in the sixth aspect may be a terminal device or a network device, or a chip (system) or other components or assemblies that can be set in the terminal device or the network device, or a device including the terminal device or the network device.

[0050] In addition, the technical effects of the device described in the sixth aspect can refer to the technical effects of the methods described in any one of the implementation manners of the first aspect to the second aspect, and will not be elaborated here.

[0051] In a seventh aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, including: a computer program or instruction; when the computer program or instruction runs on a computer, the computer is enabled to execute the method described in any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect to the second aspect.

[0052] In an eighth aspect, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program or instructions, which, when running on a computer, cause the computer to execute the method described in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect to the second aspect. Description of the Drawings

[0053] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of seismic exploration in the ocean;

[0054] Figure 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for inspecting an ocean raw data observation system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0055] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the target seismic source provided by the present application;

[0056] Figure 4 is the first trace stack profile showing anomalies;

[0057] Figure 5 is a schematic flowchart of a method for inspecting an ocean raw data observation system provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0058] Figure 6 is Figure 3 a comparison diagram of the direct wave profiles of two shot points of the target seismic source shown;

[0059] Figure 7 is the first trace stack profile before and after modifying the detector sinking depth of the target seismic source;

[0060] Figure 8 is the structural schematic of the device for inspecting the ocean raw data observation system provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0061] Figure 9 is the structural schematic of the device for inspecting the ocean raw data observation system provided in Embodiment 4 of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0062] Figure 10 is the structural schematic of the device for inspecting the ocean raw data observation system provided in Embodiment 5 of the present application Figure 3 . Detailed Embodiments

[0063] Next, the technical solutions in the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0064] In the embodiments of the present application, sometimes subscripts such as W 1 may be miswritten as non-subscript forms such as W1. When not emphasizing their differences, the meanings they express are the same.

[0065] Example 1

[0066] As shown in Figure 1 the figure Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of seismic exploration in the ocean. Seismic exploration is a geophysical exploration method that utilizes the differences in elasticity and density of underground media to infer the properties and morphology of underground rock formations by observing and analyzing the response of the earth to artificially excited seismic waves. Seismic waves are artificially excited on the ocean surface. When the seismic waves propagate underground and encounter lithologic interfaces with different media properties, reflected waves or converted waves will be generated, and these seismic waves are received by geophones on the ocean surface. The received seismic signals are related to the characteristics of the seismic source, the positions of the geophone points, and the properties and structures of the underground rock formations through which the seismic waves pass. By processing and interpreting the seismic records, the properties and morphology of the underground rock formations can be inferred. The process of seismic exploration mainly includes three stages: field data acquisition, indoor data processing, and data interpretation.

[0067] Regarding field data acquisition. During field operations, survey lines are usually arranged perpendicular to the strike of the geological structure, and then a number of geophones are arranged at equal intervals along the survey lines to receive seismic signals, as shown by points S1 to Sn in the figure. Depending on the different observation instruments, the number of geophones or geophone groups can be as few as 24 or 48, or as many as 96, 120, 240, or even more than 1000. The signals received by the geophones or geophone groups pass through amplifiers and recorders to form a seismic waveform record, which is called a seismic trace. To meet the various different requirements of seismic exploration, different arrangements can be adopted between the geophone groups.

[0068] Regarding indoor data processing. The task of seismic data processing is to process the original data obtained in the field and convert the digitized seismic data into seismic profiles or structural maps that can be used to interpret geological phenomena.

[0069] Regarding data interpretation. Data interpretation includes seismic structural interpretation, seismic stratigraphic interpretation, and seismic hydrocarbon interpretation. The seismic profiles processed indoors can be used to determine the occurrence and structural relationships of underground rock formations after analysis and interpretation, and can also be combined with well logging data and drilling data for comprehensive seismic geological interpretation. For oil and gas exploration, it can also be used to find favorable oil and gas-bearing areas, describe reservoir rocks, predict oil and gas, and demarcate the oil-water interface.

[0070] The seismic data observation system is recorded by the field instrument reporting group during the field acquisition process. After receiving the seismic data in the indoor data processing, the indoor data processing personnel must first add the corresponding observation system to the seismic data collected in the field. This observation system refers to the mutual positional relationship between the shot points and receiving points of seismic waves, generally including the coordinates of the shot points and detection points, shot numbers, line numbers, and trace numbers, etc. The correctness of adding the observation system will directly affect whether the indoor seismic data processing personnel can smoothly process the seismic data. When there are recording errors in the observation system, it will reduce the processing efficiency of indoor seismic data and cause great trouble to the work of indoor data processing personnel.

[0071] To solve the above problems, on the one hand, as Figure 2 shown, this application provides a method for checking the marine raw data observation system, which includes:

[0072] 201. Obtain the seismic trace data loaded with the observation system to be checked. The seismic trace data includes header data and seismic wave data.

[0073] The seismic trace data is generally stored in the SEGY file format. The SEGY format is one of the standard tape data formats proposed by the Society of Exploration Geophysicists (SEG). It is one of the most common formats for seismic data in the petroleum exploration industry.

[0074] The standard SEGY file generally includes three parts,

[0075] The first part is the EBCDIC file header (3200 bytes), which consists of 40 cards (for example: 80 characters per line * 40 lines) and is used to store some information describing the seismic data body.

[0076] The second part is the binary file header (400 bytes) used to store some key information describing the SEGY file, including the data format of the SEGY file, the number of sampling points, the sampling interval, the measurement unit, and other information. These information are generally stored in fixed positions of the binary file header.

[0077] The third part is the actual seismic trace data. Each seismic trace contains 240 bytes of header information and seismic wave data. Among them, the header data generally stores information such as the line number, trace number, number of sampling points, and geodetic coordinates corresponding to this seismic trace. The seismic wave data samples the waveform of the seismic signal at a certain time interval and then records this series of discrete amplitude values in a certain way.

[0078] 202. Incorporate identification information into the seismic trace data.

[0079] In an alternative embodiment of the present application, encoding identification information into seismic trace data includes: encoding the identification information into the trace header of the seismic trace data.

[0080] During actual data processing, the data volume is often very large and there are many input files, sometimes even hundreds of files. How to quickly confirm which file the seismic trace data belongs to when seeing a seismic trace data is very important for data inspection. Only by quickly finding the file where the seismic trace data is located can the seismic trace data be quickly corresponded with the shift report and navigation file to find problems. The identification information is an identification for facilitating the search for important information such as the file name, shift report, and navigation file corresponding to the seismic trace data. The identification information can be indicative information such as the field instrument shift report group number, line number, and trace number corresponding to the seismic trace. The identification information can be encoded into the trace header of the seismic trace data, so that when opening the data, as long as the trace header is viewed, the file name, shift report, and navigation file corresponding to the seismic trace data can be quickly and accurately found.

[0081] 203. Stack the seismic wave data of the first trace seismic trace data of the same target source to obtain a first trace stacking result.

[0082] In an alternative embodiment of the present application, stacking the seismic wave data of the first trace seismic trace data of the same target source to obtain a first trace stacking result includes: stacking the seismic wave data of the first trace seismic trace data of the same target group source according to the following formula to obtain a first trace stacking result:

[0083]

[0084] where S ik is the stacking result, f ijk is to stack the input data into one output, W jk is the stacking weight of each trace, N jk is the number of non-empty traces, i represents time, j represents offset, and k represents common midpoint.

[0085] 204. Draw a first trace stacking profile according to the first trace stacking result.

[0086] 205. When an anomaly appears in the first trace stacking profile, determine that the seismic trace data of the target source is abnormal and output the corresponding identification information.

[0087] In an alternative embodiment of the present application, when an anomaly appears in the first trace stacking profile, determining that the seismic trace data of the target source is abnormal includes: when the continuity of the first trace stacking profile is discontinuous, determining that the seismic trace data of the target source is abnormal.

[0088] It can be understood that if the seismic trace data is normal, the continuity of the first trace stacking profile after the first trace stacking is continuous and can be used for seismic data processing. On the contrary, if the seismic trace data is abnormal, the continuity of the first trace stacking profile after the first trace stacking is discontinuous, as Figure 4 shown, it cannot be used for seismic data processing and the cause needs to be further investigated.

[0089] It can be understood that the present application discloses a method for checking an ocean raw data observation system. This method performs first trace seismic wave data stacking for each seismic source, and judges whether the seismic trace data is abnormal according to whether the first trace stacking profile is abnormal, so that the observation system can be checked quickly and accurately to ensure the accuracy of the data for subsequent processing work. Also, since each seismic trace data is incorporated with identification information, the abnormal seismic trace data can be located in a timely manner.

[0090] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the number of shot points of the target seismic source is at least two, and the offsets of the first trace with respect to the respective shot points of the target seismic source are different.

[0091] In general, for ocean raw data acquisition using a streamer, a seismic source ship drags a fixed number of streamers and sails on the sea. As Figure 3 shown, there are two seismic sources O1 and O2 on the seismic source ship, which fire alternately and are received by the geophones on the streamer. Since the distances between the left and right seismic sources and the first streamer L1 are different, the offsets of the first trace S11 will be different. Although a reference water velocity, generally 1520 m / s, will be provided in the marine data navigation file, there will still be a certain difference from the actual water velocity. Performing linear moveout correction on the first trace data of the left and right seismic sources will reveal that there is a certain difference in the starting times of the first traces of the left and right seismic sources. This is the time difference caused by the different offsets of the first traces of the left and right seismic sources and the inaccurate water velocity. The greater the difference between the reference water velocity and the actual water velocity, the greater the time difference between the first traces.

[0092] Example 2

[0093] As Figure 5 shown, the present application provides another method for checking an ocean raw data observation system. Based on the method shown in the first aspect, the method disclosed in the second aspect further includes:

[0094] 506. Perform near-offset linear moveout correction on the respective shot points of the target seismic source according to the target correction amount, and draw the direct wave profiles of the respective shot points.

[0095] Among them, the target correction amount satisfies the following formula:

[0096] Among them, Δt is the target correction amount, x is the offset, and ν is the water velocity.

[0097] 507. Determine the reason for the abnormal seismic trace data of the target seismic source according to the direct wave profile.

[0098] In an alternative embodiment of the present application, step 507 includes: in the direct wave profile, when the direct wave appears as a horizontal line at the zero-crossing time, it is determined that the detector sinking depth of the target seismic source is abnormal; or, in the direct wave profile, when the direct wave appears as a downward or upward curved line, it is determined that the observation system to be inspected is abnormal.

[0099] Perform linear dynamic correction on the near traces of the shot gather. If the observation system to be inspected is correct, then the direct wave is a horizontal line at the zero-crossing time; but if the observation system is incorrect, the coordinates of the shot gather do not match the actual coordinates, and the calculated offset also does not match the actual offset. At this time, the direct wave is no longer a horizontal line at the zero-crossing time. When the actual offset of the observation point is x real , define the offset after defining the observation system as x obs , at this time, the difference between the actual correction amount and the theoretical correction amount after the linear dynamic correction of the direct wave of the shot gather is:

[0100]

[0101] Therefore, when the offset after defining the observation system is greater than the actual offset, the direct wave after linear dynamic correction droops downward, and when the offset after defining the observation system is less than the actual offset, the direct wave after linear dynamic correction warps upward.

[0102] As Figure 6 shown, Figure 6 is Figure 3 a comparison diagram of the direct wave profiles of two shot points of the target seismic source shown in the figure. Among them, the left figure is the direct wave profile of shot point O1, and the right figure is the direct wave profile of shot point O2. The black horizontal line in the figure is a horizontal line. It can be seen that the direct wave profiles of shot points O1 and O2 do not coincide with this black horizontal line, that is, the direct waves of shot points O1 and O2 both appear as an upward-curved line, and it can be determined that the observation system to be inspected is abnormal.

[0103] It can be understood that not all discontinuities in the isotropy of the first trace stack profile are caused by inaccurate definition of the observation system to be inspected. There is another reason that can cause this phenomenon, that is, the cable depth definition is incorrect. In marine data acquisition, the detector is sunk at a certain distance below the sea level. When performing the first trace stack, the data will be corrected to a fixed surface, that is, the sea level, to eliminate the data time difference caused by different detector sinking depths at different positions. However, sometimes the detector sinking depth recorded in the data trace header is incorrect, or the detector sinking depth is not recorded, which will lead to incorrect correction to the fixed surface. Therefore, when checking the definition of the observation system, the cause of the problem can be determined by performing linear dynamic correction on the shot gather.

[0104] After determining that the detector sinking depth of the target seismic source is abnormal based on the direct wave performance, the detector sinking depth can be modified. As Figure 7 shown, Figure 7 is the first trace stack profile before and after the modification of the detector sinking depth of the target seismic source. Among them, the left figure is the first trace stack profile before the modification of the detector sinking depth, and the right figure is the first trace stack profile after the modification of the detector sinking depth. It can be seen that the continuity of the first trace stack profile after modification is continuous and can be used for the processing of seismic data.

[0105] It can be understood that the present application discloses another method for checking the marine raw data observation system. This method mainly focuses on the first trace stack of data by seismic source and combines the near-offset data linear moveout to check the marine data observation system. It can not only determine whether the seismic trace data is abnormal by whether the first trace stack profile is abnormal, but also determine whether the current abnormality is caused by the abnormal detector sinking depth of the target seismic source or the abnormal observation system to be checked through the near-offset linear moveout correction results of each shot point. In the direct wave profile, when the direct wave appears as a horizontal line passing through the zero time, it is determined that the detector sinking depth of the target seismic source is abnormal; or, in the direct wave profile, when the direct wave appears as a downward or upward curved line, it is determined that the observation system to be checked is abnormal.

[0106] Example 3

[0107] Based on Figures 1 to 7 The method for checking the marine raw data observation system provided by the embodiments of the present application is described in detail below in combination with Figures 8 to 10 The device for checking the marine raw data observation system for executing the method for checking the marine raw data observation system provided by the embodiments of the present application is described in detail.

[0108] The present application discloses a device for checking a marine raw data observation system, including a module for executing any one of the methods described in the first aspect and the second aspect. The specific implementation situation is similar to that described in the first aspect and the second aspect and will not be elaborated here.

[0109] Exemplarily, Figure 8 is the structural schematic Figure 1 of the device for checking the marine raw data observation system provided by the embodiments of the present application. As Figure 8 shown, the device 800 for checking the marine raw data observation system includes: a receiving module 801 and a transmitting module 802. For the sake of convenience of description, Figure 8Only the main components of the device for inspecting the marine raw data observation system are shown. The device 800 for inspecting the marine raw data observation system can be applicable to execute the method for inspecting the marine raw data observation system according to any one of the first aspect and the second aspect.

[0110] Among them, the receiving module 801 is configured to obtain the seismic trace data of each observation system to be inspected.

[0111] The sending module 802 is configured to, when an abnormality appears in the first trace stacking profile, determine that the seismic trace data of the target seismic source is abnormal, and output the corresponding identification information; output the reason for determining that the seismic trace data of the target seismic source is abnormal according to the direct wave profile.

[0112] Optionally, the receiving module 801 and the sending module 802 may also be integrated into one module, such as a transceiver module ( Figure 8 not shown in the figure). Among them, the transceiver module is configured to implement the sending function and the receiving function of the device 800 for inspecting the marine raw data observation system.

[0113] Optionally, the device 800 for inspecting the marine raw data observation system may further include a processing module 803 ( Figure 8 shown in a dashed box in the figure). Among them, the processing module 803 is configured to implement the processing function of the device 800 for inspecting the marine raw data observation system.

[0114] Optionally, the device 800 for inspecting the marine raw data observation system may further include a storage module ( Figure 8 not shown in the figure), and the storage module stores programs or instructions. When the processing module 803 executes the programs or instructions, the device 800 for inspecting the marine raw data observation system can execute the method for inspecting the marine raw data observation system according to any one of the first aspect and the second aspect.

[0115] It should be understood that the processing module 803 involved in the device 800 for inspecting the marine raw data observation system may be implemented by a processor or processor-related circuit components, and may be a processor or a processing unit; the transceiver module 802 may be implemented by a transceiver or transceiver-related circuit components, and may be a transceiver or a transceiver unit.

[0116] It should be noted that the device 800 for inspecting the marine raw data observation system may be a network device, such as a server, etc., or may be a chip (system) or other components or assemblies that can be set in the network device, or may also be a device including the network device. The present application does not make any limitations in this regard.

[0117] In addition, the technical effects of the device 800 for inspecting the marine raw data observation system may be the technical effects of the method for inspecting the marine raw data observation system according to any one of the first aspect and the second aspect, which will not be elaborated here.

[0118] Example 4

[0119] Exemplarily, Figure 9 is a schematic structure of a device for inspecting an ocean raw data observation system provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 As Figure 9 shown, the device 900 for inspecting an ocean raw data observation system includes: a transceiver module 901 and a processing module 902. For ease of explanation, Figure 9 only the main components of the device for inspecting the ocean raw data observation system are shown.

[0120] In some embodiments, the device 900 for inspecting an ocean raw data observation system is applicable to execute the method for inspecting an ocean raw data observation system according to any one of the first aspect and the second aspect.

[0121] Among them, the processing module 902 is configured to assign identification information to seismic trace data; superimpose seismic wave data of the first seismic trace data of the same target source to obtain a first trace superimposition result; draw a first trace superimposition profile according to the first trace superimposition result; determine that the seismic trace data of the target source is abnormal in the case where the first trace superimposition profile is abnormal; perform near-offset linear dynamic correction on each shot point of the target source according to the target correction amount, and draw a direct wave profile of each shot point; and determine the reason for the abnormal seismic trace data of the target source according to the direct wave profile.

[0122] The transceiver module 901 is configured to obtain each seismic trace data loaded with the observation system to be inspected; determine that the seismic trace data of the target source is abnormal in the case where the first trace superimposition profile is abnormal, and output the corresponding identification information; output the reason for determining that the seismic trace data of the target source is abnormal according to the direct wave profile.

[0123] Optionally, the transceiver module 901 may include a receiving module and a sending module ( Figure 9 not shown in the figure). Among them, the receiving module is used to implement the receiving function of the device 900 for inspecting an ocean raw data observation system, and the sending module is used to implement the sending function of the device 900 for inspecting an ocean raw data observation system.

[0124] Optionally, the device 900 for inspecting an ocean raw data observation system may further include a storage module ( Figure 9 not shown in the figure), and the storage module stores programs or instructions. When the processing module 902 executes the programs or instructions, the device 900 for inspecting an ocean raw data observation system can execute the method for inspecting an ocean raw data observation system according to any one of the first aspect and the second aspect, or execute the method for inspecting an ocean raw data observation system according to any one of the first aspect and the second aspect.

[0125] It should be understood that the processing module 902 involved in the device 900 for inspecting the marine raw data observation system can be implemented by a processor or processor-related circuit components, and can be a processor or a processing unit; the transceiver module 901 can be implemented by a transceiver or transceiver-related circuit components, and can be a transceiver or a transceiver unit.

[0126] It should be noted that the device 900 for inspecting the marine raw data observation system can be a terminal device, such as a computer, or a chip (system) or other components or assemblies that can be set in the terminal device, or a device including the terminal device. The present application does not make any limitations in this regard.

[0127] In addition, the technical effects of the device 900 for inspecting the marine raw data observation system can refer to the technical effects of the method for inspecting the marine raw data observation system in any one of the first aspect and the second aspect, and will not be elaborated here.

[0128] Example 5

[0129] Exemplarily, Figure 10 The structural schematic of the device for inspecting the marine raw data observation system provided by the embodiments of the present application Figure 3 . The device for inspecting the marine raw data observation system can be a terminal device or a network device, or a chip (system) or other components or assemblies that can be set in the terminal device or the network device. As Figure 10 shown, the device 1000 for inspecting the marine raw data observation system can include a processor 1001. Optionally, the device 1000 for inspecting the marine raw data observation system can further include a memory 1002 and / or a transceiver 1003. Among them, the processor 1001 is coupled to the memory 1002 and the transceiver 1003, and can be connected through a communication bus, for example.

[0130] Next, in combination with Figure 10 specific introductions will be made to each component of the device 1000 for inspecting the marine raw data observation system:

[0131] Among them, the processor 1001 is the control center of the device 1000 for inspecting ocean raw data observation systems. It can be a single processor or a collective term for multiple processing elements. For example, the processor 1001 is one or more central processing units (CPUs), or it can be an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present application. For example: one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), or one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs).

[0132] Optionally, the processor 1001 can execute various functions of the device 1000 for inspecting ocean raw data observation systems by running or executing software programs stored in the memory 1002 and calling data stored in the memory 1002.

[0133] In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, the processor 1001 can include one or more CPUs, such as Figure 10 the CPU0 and CPU1 shown in

[0134] In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, the device 1000 for inspecting ocean raw data observation systems can also include multiple processors, such as Figure 10 the processor 1001 and the processor 2004 shown in

[0135] Among them, the memory 1002 is used to store software programs for executing the solutions of the present application and is controlled by the processor 1001 for execution. The specific implementation method can refer to the above method embodiments and will not be elaborated here.

[0136] Optionally, the memory 1002 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device that can store information and instructions, or may also be an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compact discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media, or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store the desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory 1002 may be integrated with the processor 1001 or may exist independently and be coupled to the processor 1001 through an interface circuit ( Figure 10 not shown) of the device 1000 for inspecting ocean raw data observation systems. The embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitations thereto.

[0137] The transceiver 1003 is used for communication with other devices for inspecting ocean raw data observation systems. For example, if the device 1000 for inspecting ocean raw data observation systems is a terminal device, the transceiver 1003 may be used for communication with a network device or with another terminal device. Another example is that if the device 1000 for inspecting ocean raw data observation systems is a network device, the transceiver 1003 may be used for communication with a terminal device or with another network device.

[0138] Optionally, the transceiver 1003 may include a receiver and a transmitter ( Figure 10 not shown separately). Among them, the receiver is used to implement the receiving function, and the transmitter is used to implement the sending function.

[0139] Optionally, the transceiver 1003 may be integrated with the processor 1001 or may exist independently and be coupled to the processor 1001 through an interface circuit ( Figure 10 not shown) of the device 1000 for inspecting ocean raw data observation systems. The embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitations thereto.

[0140] It should be noted that Figure 10The structure of the device 1000 for inspecting the marine raw data observation system shown does not constitute a limitation on the device for inspecting the marine raw data observation system. The actual device for inspecting the marine raw data observation system may include more or fewer components than those shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0141] In addition, the technical effects of the device 1000 for inspecting the marine raw data observation system can refer to the technical effects of the method for inspecting the marine raw data observation system described in the above method embodiments, which will not be elaborated here.

[0142] It should be understood that the processor in the embodiments of the present application may be a central processing unit (CPU), and the processor may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor, etc.

[0143] It should also be understood that the memory in the embodiments of the present application may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memories. Among them, the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable ROM (PROM), an erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example but not limitation, many forms of random access memory (RAM) are available, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM).

[0144] The above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware (such as circuits), firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer programs are loaded or executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or a data center that contains one or more collections of available media. The available media can be magnetic media (such as floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (such as DVDs), or semiconductor media. The semiconductor media can be a solid-state drive.

[0145] It should be understood that the term "and / or" in this document is merely a description of the association relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. Here, A and B can be singular or plural. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after, but it may also represent an "and / or" relationship, which can be specifically understood with reference to the context.

[0146] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, a - b, a - c, b - c, or a - b - c, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0147] It should be understood that in various embodiments of the present application, the magnitudes of the sequence numbers of the above processes do not indicate the order of execution. The order of execution of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0148] Those of ordinary skill in the art can realize that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in combination with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are executed in a hardware or software manner depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional technicians can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to exceed the scope of this application.

[0149] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and conciseness of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be elaborated herein.

[0150] In several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed coupling or direct coupling or communication connection to each other can be through some interfaces. The indirect coupling or communication connection of the devices or units can be in an electrical, mechanical, or other form.

[0151] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated. The components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they can be located in one place, or distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0152] In addition, the functional units in each embodiment of this application can be integrated in a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit.

[0153] When the above-mentioned functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art or a part of this technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical discs that can store program codes.

[0154] As described above, the above is only the specific implementation manner of this application, but the protection scope of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by this application can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered by the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be subject to the protection scope of the claimed rights.

Claims

1. A method for inspecting an ocean raw data observation system, characterized in that, comprising: Obtaining seismic trace data of each seismic trace loaded with the observation system to be inspected, where the seismic trace data includes header data and seismic wave data; Encoding identification information into the seismic trace data; Superposing the seismic wave data of the first seismic trace data of the same target seismic source to obtain a first trace superposition result; Drawing a first trace superposition profile according to the first trace superposition result; When an anomaly appears in the first trace superposition profile, determining that the seismic trace data of the target seismic source is abnormal, and outputting the corresponding identification information.

2. The method for inspecting an ocean raw data observation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The encoding of the identification information into the seismic trace data includes: Encoding the identification information into the header of the seismic trace data.

3. The method for inspecting an ocean raw data observation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of shot points of the target seismic source is at least two, and the offsets of the first trace with respect to each of the shot points of the target seismic source are different.

4. The method for inspecting an ocean raw data observation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The superposing of the seismic wave data of the first seismic trace data of the same target seismic source to obtain a first trace superposition result includes: Superposing the seismic wave data of the first seismic trace data of the same target group of seismic sources according to the following formula to obtain a first trace superposition result: Among them, S ik is the stacking result, f ijk is to stack the input data into one output, W jk is the stacking weight for each trace, N jk is the number of non-empty traces, i represents time, j represents offset, and k represents common midpoint.

5. The method for inspecting an ocean raw data observation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, When an anomaly appears in the first trace superposition profile, determining that the seismic trace data of the target seismic source is abnormal includes: When the continuity of the first trace superposition profile is discontinuous, determining that the seismic trace data of the target seismic source is abnormal.

6. The method for inspecting an ocean raw data observation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: Performing near-offset linear dynamic correction on each shot point of the target seismic source according to a target correction amount, and drawing a direct wave profile of each shot point; Judging the reason for the abnormality of the seismic trace data of the target seismic source according to the direct wave profile; The target correction amount satisfies the following formula: Wherein, Δt is the target correction amount, x is the offset, and ν is the water velocity.

7. The method for inspecting an ocean raw data observation system according to claim 6, characterized in that, Judging the reason for the abnormality of the seismic trace data of the target seismic source according to the direct wave profile includes: In the direct wave profile, when the direct wave shows a horizontal line passing through the zero time, judging that the sinking depth of the geophone of the target seismic source is abnormal; Or, in the direct wave profile, when the direct wave shows a downward or upward curved line, judging that the observation system to be inspected is abnormal.

8. An apparatus for inspecting an ocean raw data observation system, characterized in that, comprising: A module for executing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. An apparatus for inspecting an ocean raw data observation system, characterized in that, comprising: A processor, the processor being coupled to a memory; The processor is configured to execute a computer program stored in the memory, so that the device executes the method according to any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium includes a computer program or instructions, and when the computer program or instructions are run on a computer, the method according to any one of claims 1-7 is executed.

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