Optical path switching device with two-dimensional rotation band stray light suppression

Abstract

The application discloses a two-dimensional rotation light path switching device with stray light suppression. An elevation switching motor drives a switching mirror to switch relative to a horizontal plane between 0 and 135 degrees. An azimuth switching motor drives the switching mirror to switch relative to a main frame installation bottom surface between 0 and 90 degrees. Elevation limit switch assemblies and elevation limit magnet assemblies are arranged at two limit positions of the elevation switching. Azimuth limit switch assemblies and azimuth limit magnet assemblies are arranged at two limit positions of the azimuth switching. When the switching mirror is located at 0 degrees in elevation and 0 degrees in azimuth, the switching mirror is in a light path switching-out state, the back of the switching mirror faces the main light path, and black paint on the back of the switching mirror suppresses stray light of the main light path. When the switching mirror is located at 135 degrees in elevation and 90 degrees in azimuth, the switching mirror is in a light path switching-in state, incident light is reflected by the switching mirror without passing through the main light path. The application does not cause shielding and stray light suppression of off-axis reflection of the main light path, and has high repeated positioning accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention pertains to optical-mechanical structures, specifically relating to a two-dimensional rotating optical path switching device with stray light suppression. Background Technology

[0002] In multi-magnification optical systems, rapid and precise switching between different focal length channels is required. Therefore, a high-repeatability, high-efficiency, and smooth-drive optical path switching mechanism is needed. Existing translation and rotation optical path switching mechanisms, when applied to off-axis three-lens and four-lens systems, can achieve rapid switching between the off-axis reflective long-focal-length optical path and the reflective short-focal-length optical path. However, when cutting out the optical path, the off-axis reflective long-focal-length optical path is blocked. At the same time, when cutting out the optical path, the reflective surface of the switching mirror faces the long-focal-length main optical path, which reflects light from outside the long-focal-length field of view into the main optical path, generating stray light and affecting the imaging effect. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a two-dimensional rotating optical path switching device with stray light suppression, which can realize rapid switching between long and short focal lengths, does not block the off-axis reflection main optical path, suppresses stray light, and has high repeatability and positioning accuracy.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this invention is:

[0005] A two-dimensional rotating optical path switching device with stray light suppression includes a pitch rotation shaft. A switching mirror assembly is connected to the front end of the pitch rotation shaft. Both the front and rear parts of the pitch rotation shaft are fitted into the front part of a rotating shaft cylinder via bearings. A pitch gear sleeve is fixedly sleeved between the bearings of the pitch rotation shaft. The rear part of the rotating shaft cylinder is rotatably mounted on a main frame via bearings from azimuth rotation shafts vertically connected to both sides. The front side of the front bearing of the pitch rotation shaft is limited by the pitch rotation shaft shoulder and the inner end face of the rotating shaft cylinder. The rear side of the rear bearing of the pitch rotation shaft is limited by bearing retaining rings mounted on the pitch rotation shaft and the rotating shaft cylinder. The inner and outer sides of the bearings of the azimuth rotation shafts are limited by the azimuth rotation shaft shoulder and bearing retaining rings mounted on the main frame, respectively. A pitch switching drive mechanism and an azimuth switching drive mechanism are respectively provided on the rotating shaft cylinder and the main frame. The pitch switching drive mechanism includes a pitch switching gear meshing with the pitch gear sleeve and a pitch switching motor driving the pitch switching gear. The drive mechanism includes an azimuth switching gear meshing with an azimuth gear on the azimuth rotating shaft and an azimuth switching motor driving the azimuth switching gear. The switching reflector assembly includes a switching reflector with a black-painted back. The pitch switching motor drives the switching reflector to switch between 0° and 135° pitch relative to the horizontal plane, and the azimuth switching motor drives the switching reflector to switch between 0° and 90° azimuth relative to the mounting base of the main frame. Pitch limit switch assemblies and pitch limit magnet assemblies are provided at both extreme positions of pitch switching, and azimuth limit switch assemblies and azimuth limit magnet assemblies are provided at both extreme positions of azimuth switching. When the switching reflector is at 0° pitch and 0° azimuth, it is in the out-of-light path state, with the back of the switching reflector facing the main light path. The black paint on the back of the switching reflector suppresses stray light in the main light path. When the switching reflector is at 135° pitch and 90° azimuth, it is in the in-light path state, with the incident light reflected by the switching reflector and not passing through the main light path.

[0006] Furthermore, the switching mirror assembly includes a switching mirror, a switching mirror mount, a trimming pad, and a switching mirror bracket. The switching mirror is glued to the switching mirror mount, and the switching mirror mount is installed and fixed to the switching mirror bracket via the trimming pad. The attitude of the switching mirror is finely adjusted by grinding the thickness of the trimming pad. The switching mirror bracket is installed and fixed at the front end of the pitch rotation axis.

[0007] Furthermore, the pitch switching drive mechanism includes a pitch switching gear, a pitch switching motor, a pitch motor mount, a compression spring, a nut, a coupling, and a compression spring sleeve. The pitch switching motor is mounted on the pitch motor mount, which is mounted on the rotating shaft. The output shaft of the pitch switching motor is connected to the coupling via a pin. One end of the coupling is fitted with the pitch switching gear, the other end is fitted with a nut, and a pair of compression spring sleeves are fitted in the middle. The compression spring is installed between the pair of compression spring sleeves, and the nut locks the pitch switching gear onto the flange of the coupling via the compression spring.

[0008] Furthermore, the orientation switching drive mechanism includes an orientation switching gear, an orientation switching motor, an orientation motor base, a compression spring, a nut, a coupling, and a compression spring sleeve. The orientation switching motor is mounted on the orientation motor base, which is mounted on the main frame. The output shaft of the orientation switching motor is connected to the coupling via a pin. One end of the coupling is fitted with a pitch switching gear, the other end is fitted with a nut, and a pair of compression spring sleeves are fitted in the middle. The compression spring is installed between the pair of compression spring sleeves, and the nut locks the orientation switching gear onto the flange of the coupling via the compression spring.

[0009] Furthermore, the switching mirror group is symmetrical about the pitch rotation axis and its center of mass is located on the axis of the pitch rotation axis.

[0010] Furthermore, a counterweight is installed at the rear end of the rotating shaft cylinder via a connecting frame, so that the center of gravity is located on the azimuth rotating shaft when switching azimuth positions.

[0011] Furthermore, the pitch limit switch assembly includes a pitch limit switch on the rotating shaft cylinder and a pitch limit stop on the switching reflector assembly, and the pitch limit magnet assembly includes corresponding small magnets on the rotating shaft cylinder and the switching reflector assembly.

[0012] Furthermore, the orientation limit switch assembly includes an orientation limit switch on the main frame and an orientation limit stop on the orientation rotating shaft, and the orientation limit magnet assembly includes a small magnet on the main frame and a large magnet at the rear end of the rotating shaft cylinder.

[0013] Furthermore, both the pitch limit switch and the azimuth limit switch include a limit switch bracket, a limit switch protection plate, and a micro switch.

[0014] Furthermore, the bearing is an angular contact ball bearing.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0016] This invention enables rapid switching between long and short focal lengths within the off-axis system, without obstructing the off-axis main optical path or suppressing stray light. During pitch and azimuth rotation, mechanical positioning is achieved through a magnet assembly, and the start / stop signal of the drive motor is triggered by a limit switch assembly, ensuring high repeatability and positioning accuracy of the optical path each time it enters and exits. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the optical path switching device with two-dimensional rotating band stray light suppression in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path switching device for two-dimensional rotation with stray light suppression in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0019] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the optical path switching device for two-dimensional rotation with stray light suppression in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path switching device for two-dimensional rotation with stray light suppression in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 .

[0021] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Sectional view at point AA.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path switching device with stray light suppression in a two-dimensional rotating band, representing an embodiment of the present invention, showing the state of the cut-out optical path. Figure 1 .

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path switching device with stray light suppression in a two-dimensional rotating band, representing an embodiment of the present invention, showing the state of the cut-out optical path. Figure 2 .

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path switching device with stray light suppression in a two-dimensional rotating band in an embodiment of the present invention, showing the state of the optical path. Figure 1 .

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path switching device with stray light suppression in a two-dimensional rotating band in an embodiment of the present invention, showing the state of the optical path. Figure 2 .

[0026] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the switching reflector group in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the pitch switching drive mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the orientation switching drive mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 13 This is a perspective view of a pitch limit switch in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 14 This is a perspective view of another pitch limit switch in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 15 This is a perspective view of the pitch limiting magnet assembly in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 16 This is a perspective view of a position limit switch according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 17This is a perspective view of another position limit switch in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 18 This is a perspective view of the upper position limiting magnet assembly of the main frame in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] In the diagram: 1-Switching reflector assembly; 101-Switching reflector; 102-Switching reflector mount; 103-Trimming pad; 104-Switching reflector bracket; 105-Pitch limit stop; 106-Small magnet; 107-Pitch limit stop; 2-Rotating cylinder; 3-Main frame; 4-Azimuth limit magnet assembly; 401-Magnet mount; 402-Small magnet; 5-Pitch switching drive mechanism; 501-Pitch switching motor; 502-Pitch motor mount 503-Pitch switching gear; 504-Compression spring; 505-Nut; 506-Coupling; 507-Compression spring sleeve; 6-Connecting frame; 7-Large magnet; 8-Azimuth switching drive mechanism; 801-Azimuth switching motor; 802-Azimuth motor base; 803-Azimuth switching gear; 804-Compression spring; 805-Nut; 806-Coupling; 807-Compression spring sleeve; 6-Connecting frame; 9-Pitch limit switch; 901-Limit switch 902-Limit switch protection plate; 903-Micro switch; 10-Pitch limit switch; 1001-Limit switch bracket; 1002-Limit switch protection plate; 1003-Micro switch; 1004-Small magnet; 11-Pitch limit magnet assembly; 1101-Magnet base; 1102-Small magnet; 12-Azimuth limit switch; 1201-Limit switch bracket; 1202-Limit switch protection plate; 1203- Micro switch; 13-Azimuth limit stop bar; 14-Azimuth limit switch; 1401-Limit switch bracket; 1402-Limit switch protective plate; 1403-Micro switch; 15-Balance weight; 16-Balance weight; 17-Pitch rotation shaft; 18-Pitch gear sleeve; 19-Bearing; 20-Azimuth shaft; 21-Azimuth gear; 22-Bearing retaining ring; 23-Azimuth shaft; 24-Bearing retaining ring; 25-Bearing retaining ring. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0037] like Figures 1 to 9As shown, a two-dimensional rotating optical path switching device with stray light suppression includes a pitch rotation shaft 17. A switching reflector assembly 1 is connected to the front end of the pitch rotation shaft 17. Both the front and rear parts of the pitch rotation shaft 17 are fitted into the front part of a rotating shaft cylinder 2 via bearings 19. A pitch gear sleeve 18 is fixedly sleeved between the bearings 19 of the pitch rotation shaft 17. The rear part of the rotating shaft cylinder 2 is rotatably mounted on a main frame 3 via bearings 19, with azimuth shafts (20, 23) vertically connected to both sides. The front side of the front bearing 19 of the pitch rotation shaft 17 is connected to the shoulder of the pitch rotation shaft 17 and... The inner end face of the rotating shaft cylinder 2 is limited. The rear side of the rear bearing 19 of the pitch rotating shaft 17 is limited by the bearing pressure rings (25, 24) installed on the pitch rotating shaft 17 and the rotating shaft cylinder 2. The inner and outer sides of the bearings 19 of the azimuth rotating shafts (20, 23) are limited by the shoulders of the azimuth rotating shafts (20, 23) and the bearing pressure rings 22 installed on the main frame 3, respectively. The rotating shaft cylinder 2 and the main frame 3 are respectively provided with a pitch switching drive mechanism 5 and an azimuth switching drive mechanism 8. The pitch switching drive mechanism 5 includes a pitch switching gear 503 that meshes with the pitch gear sleeve 18 and a driving pitch switching gear. The pitch switching motor 501 of wheel 503 and the azimuth switching drive mechanism 8 include an azimuth switching gear 803 that meshes with the azimuth gear 21 on the azimuth rotating shaft 20 and an azimuth switching motor 801 that drives the azimuth switching gear 803. The switching reflector assembly 1 includes a switching reflector 101 with a black paint coating on its back. The pitch switching motor 501 drives the switching reflector 101 to switch between pitch 0° and 135° relative to the horizontal plane, and the azimuth switching motor 801 drives the switching reflector 101 to switch between azimuth 0° and 90° relative to the mounting base of the main frame 3. Both extreme positions of the switching mirror 101 are equipped with a pitch limit switch assembly and a pitch limit magnet assembly 11, and both extreme positions of the azimuth switching mirror 101 are equipped with an azimuth limit switch assembly and an azimuth limit magnet assembly 4. When the switching mirror 101 is at 0° pitch and 0° azimuth, it is in the out-of-light path state, with the back of the switching mirror 101 facing the main light path. The black paint on the back of the switching mirror 101 suppresses stray light in the main light path. When the switching mirror 101 is at 135° pitch and 90° azimuth, it is in the in-light path state, and the incident light is reflected by the switching mirror 101 and does not pass through the main light path. This invention achieves rapid switching between long and short focal lengths within the off-axis system, without obstructing the off-axis reflected main light path, and suppresses stray light. During pitch and azimuth rotation, mechanical positioning is achieved through the magnet assembly, and the start / stop signal of the drive motor is triggered by the limit switch assembly, ensuring high repeatability and positioning accuracy for each in-light and out-of-light path switching.

[0038] like Figure 10As shown, in this embodiment, the switching mirror assembly 1 includes a switching mirror 101, a switching mirror base 102, a trimming pad 103, and a switching mirror bracket 104. The switching mirror 101 is glued to the switching mirror base 102. The switching mirror base 102 is mounted and fixed on the switching mirror bracket 104 via the trimming pad 103. The attitude of the switching mirror 101 is finely adjusted by grinding the thickness of the trimming pad 104. The switching mirror bracket 104 is mounted and fixed at the front end of the pitch rotation axis 17.

[0039] like Figure 11 As shown, in this embodiment, the pitch switching drive mechanism 5 includes a pitch switching gear 503, a pitch switching motor 501, a pitch motor mount 502, a compression spring 504, a nut 505, a coupling 506, and a compression spring sleeve 507. The pitch switching motor 501 is mounted on the pitch motor mount 502, and the pitch motor mount 502 is mounted on the rotating shaft cylinder 2. The output shaft of the pitch switching motor 501 is connected to the coupling 506 by a pin. One end of the coupling 506 is fitted with the pitch switching gear 503, the other end is fitted with the nut 505, and a pair of compression spring sleeves 507 are fitted in the middle. The compression spring 504 is installed between the pair of compression spring sleeves 507. The nut 505 locks the pitch switching gear 503 onto the flange of the coupling 506 through the compression spring 504.

[0040] like Figure 12 As shown, in this embodiment, the orientation switching drive mechanism 8 includes an orientation switching gear 803, an orientation switching motor 801, an orientation motor base 802, a compression spring 804, a nut 805, a coupling 806, and a compression spring sleeve 807. The orientation switching motor 801 is mounted on the orientation motor base 802, and the orientation motor base 802 is mounted on the main frame 3. The output shaft of the orientation switching motor 801 is connected to the coupling 806 by a pin. One end of the coupling 806 is fitted with the pitch switching gear 803, the other end is fitted with the nut 805, and a pair of compression spring sleeves 807 are fitted in the middle. The compression spring 804 is installed between the pair of compression spring sleeves 807. The nut 805 locks the orientation switching gear 803 onto the flange of the coupling 806 through the compression spring 804.

[0041] In this embodiment, the switching mirror assembly 1 is symmetrical about the pitch rotation axis 17 and its center of mass is located on the axis of the pitch rotation axis 17, so that the switching mirror assembly 1 has a small moment of inertia when performing pitch switching.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the rear end of the rotating shaft cylinder 2 is equipped with a counterweight (15, 16) via a connecting frame 6, so that the center of gravity is located on the azimuth rotating shaft (20, 23) when the azimuth is switched, and the entire motion component has a small moment of inertia when the azimuth is switched.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 18As shown, in this embodiment, the pitch limit switch assembly includes pitch limit switches (9, 10) on the rotating shaft cylinder 2 and pitch limit levers (105, 107) on the switching reflector group 1. The pitch limit magnet assembly 11 includes small magnets (1102, 106) on the rotating shaft cylinder 2 and the switching reflector group 1 respectively.

[0044] like Figures 1 to 18 As shown, in this embodiment, the orientation limit switch assembly includes orientation limit switches (12, 14) on the main frame 3 and orientation limit stop bar 13 on the orientation rotating shaft 23. The orientation limit magnet assembly 4 includes a small magnet (402) on the main frame 3 and a large magnet 7 at the rear end of the rotating shaft cylinder 2.

[0045] like Figure 13 , 14 As shown in 16 and 17, in this embodiment, both the pitch limit switch (9, 10) and the azimuth limit switch (12, 14) include a limit switch bracket, a limit switch protection plate, and a micro switch.

[0046] In this embodiment, bearing 19 is an angular contact ball bearing.

[0047] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An optical path switching device with two-dimensional rotary band stray light suppression, characterized by: The system includes a pitch rotation axis, with a switching reflector assembly connected to its front end. Both the front and rear parts of the pitch rotation axis are fitted into the front of a rotating cylinder via bearings. A pitch gear sleeve is fixedly fitted between the bearings of the pitch rotation axis. The rear of the rotating cylinder is rotatably mounted on the main frame via bearings from azimuth rotation axes vertically connected to both sides. The front side of the front bearing of the pitch rotation axis is limited by the pitch rotation axis shoulder and the inner end face of the rotating cylinder. The rear side of the rear bearing of the pitch rotation axis is limited by bearing retaining rings mounted on the pitch rotation axis and the rotating cylinder. The inner and outer sides of the bearings of the azimuth rotation axes are limited by the azimuth rotation axis shoulder and bearing retaining rings mounted on the main frame, respectively. The rotating cylinder and the main frame are respectively equipped with a pitch switching drive mechanism and an azimuth switching drive mechanism. The pitch switching drive mechanism includes a pitch switching gear meshing with the pitch gear sleeve and a pitch switching motor driving the pitch switching gear. The azimuth switching drive mechanism includes a pitch switching gear meshing with the pitch gear sleeve and a pitch switching motor driving the pitch switching gear. The rotating shaft has an azimuth switching gear meshing with an upper gear and an azimuth switching motor driving the azimuth switching gear. The switching reflector assembly includes a switching reflector with a black paint coating on its back. The pitch switching motor drives the switching reflector to switch between 0° and 135° pitch relative to the horizontal plane, and the azimuth switching motor drives the switching reflector to switch between 0° and 90° azimuth relative to the mounting base of the main frame. Pitch limit switch assemblies and pitch limit magnet assemblies are provided at both extreme positions of pitch switching, and azimuth limit switch assemblies and azimuth limit magnet assemblies are provided at both extreme positions of azimuth switching. When the switching reflector is at 0° pitch and 0° azimuth, it is in the out-of-light path state, and the back of the switching reflector faces the main light path. The black paint on the back of the switching reflector suppresses stray light in the main light path. When the switching reflector is at 135° pitch and 90° azimuth, it is in the in-light path state, and the incident light is reflected by the switching reflector and does not pass through the main light path.

2. The two-dimensional rotary light-path switching device with stray light suppression according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switching mirror assembly includes a switching mirror, a switching mirror mount, a trimming pad, and a switching mirror bracket. The switching mirror is glued to the switching mirror mount, and the switching mirror mount is installed and fixed to the switching mirror bracket via the trimming pad. The attitude of the switching mirror is finely adjusted by grinding the thickness of the trimming pad. The switching mirror bracket is installed and fixed at the front end of the pitch rotation axis.

3. The two-dimensional rotary light-path switching device with stray light suppression according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pitch switching drive mechanism includes a pitch switching gear, a pitch switching motor, a pitch motor mount, a compression spring, a nut, a coupling, and a compression spring sleeve. The pitch switching motor is mounted on the pitch motor mount, which is mounted on a rotating shaft. The output shaft of the pitch switching motor is connected to the coupling via a pin. One end of the coupling is fitted with the pitch switching gear, the other end is fitted with a nut, and a pair of compression spring sleeves are fitted in the middle. The compression spring is installed between the pair of compression spring sleeves, and the nut locks the pitch switching gear onto the flange of the coupling through the compression spring.

4. The two-dimensional rotary light-path switching device with stray light suppression according to claim 1, characterized in that: The orientation switching drive mechanism includes an orientation switching gear, an orientation switching motor, an orientation motor base, a compression spring, a nut, a coupling, and a compression spring sleeve. The orientation switching motor is mounted on the orientation motor base, which is mounted on the main frame. The output shaft of the orientation switching motor is connected to the coupling via a pin. One end of the coupling is fitted with a pitch switching gear, the other end is fitted with a nut, and a pair of compression spring sleeves are fitted in the middle. The compression spring is installed between the pair of compression spring sleeves, and the nut locks the orientation switching gear onto the flange of the coupling through the compression spring.

5. The two-dimensional rotary light-path switching device with stray light suppression according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switching mirror group is symmetrical about the pitch rotation axis and its center of mass is located on the axis of the pitch rotation axis.

6. The two-dimensional rotary light-path switching device with stray light suppression according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear end of the rotating cylinder is equipped with a counterweight via a connecting frame, so that the center of gravity is located on the azimuth rotating shaft when switching azimuth positions.

7. The two-dimensional rotating optical path switching device with stray light suppression as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The pitch limit switch assembly includes a pitch limit switch on the rotating shaft cylinder and a pitch limit stop on the switching reflector assembly. The pitch limit magnet assembly includes corresponding small magnets on the rotating shaft cylinder and the switching reflector assembly.

8. The two-dimensional rotating optical path switching device with stray light suppression as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The orientation limit switch assembly includes an orientation limit switch on the main frame and an orientation limit stop on the orientation rotating shaft. The orientation limit magnet assembly includes a small magnet on the main frame and a large magnet at the rear end of the rotating shaft cylinder.

9. The two-dimensional rotating optical path switching device with stray light suppression as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Both pitch limit switches and azimuth limit switches include limit switch brackets, limit switch protection plates, and micro switches.

10. The two-dimensional rotating optical path switching device with stray light suppression as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing is an angular contact ball bearing.

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