A groove target for laser confinement nuclear fusion room temperature experiment and its preparation method

Abstract

The present invention provides a groove target for laser confinement nuclear fusion room temperature experiments and a preparation method thereof, the method comprising: producing two compression surfaces by a 3D printing process, with a gap left between the two compression surfaces and forming a preset angle to form a double-sided groove structure; producing a support structure for the double-sided groove structure by a 3D printing process; forming an anti-compression coating on the exterior of the double-sided groove structure; providing a polymer compression cylindrical shell as a compression and ablation layer structure; placing the polymer compression cylindrical shell in the middle of the double-sided groove structure, with the opening of the polymer compression cylindrical shell facing the gap, and connecting the two ends of the polymer compression cylindrical shell to the two compression surfaces respectively. The present invention solves the process difficulties in preparing high-precision groove targets, and enables the angle and distance between the compression grooves to be controlled with high precision, while having the advantages of a simple operation process, low cost, and batch processing of groove supports.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of targets for laser confinement nuclear fusion room-temperature experiments, and in particular to a groove target for laser confinement nuclear fusion room-temperature experiments and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Energy is an essential resource for human survival. With the progress of society and the continuous development of productivity, humanity's demand for energy is growing. Solar energy, wind energy, wave and tidal energy, and geothermal energy appear to have unlimited potential, but their low energy density, high production costs, and environmental constraints significantly limit their application. Nuclear energy holds the greatest potential to meet humanity's needs in the future. Uranium and other materials used in nuclear fission reactions are in limited supply, and both the raw materials and products are radioactive, posing a serious threat to human safety. Nuclear fusion energy offers a highly attractive prospect. Its fuel, hydrogen isotopes (deuterium and tritium), are relatively abundant and can be directly or indirectly derived from water. The reaction is also relatively safe and poses little environmental risk. Achieving controlled nuclear fusion technology is one of the key approaches to addressing sustainable energy development. Among the two approaches to achieving controlled nuclear fusion, laser confinement fusion offers one. Because laser confinement fusion reactions are essentially miniature nuclear explosions, research on laser fusion reactions is closely related to my country's strategic security. However, laser confinement fusion requires demanding experimental conditions, including high laser intensity, uniformity, and target shape precision. Academician Zhang Jie, building on years of research, has innovatively proposed a new principle for laser fusion called "Double Cone Collider DH" (DCI). This principle reduces the requirements for compressed laser uniformity and fuel spherical shell target symmetry.

[0003] The physical essence of the double-cone collision ignition scheme is to use conical irradiation instead of spherically symmetric irradiation to save driving laser energy. Since the frozen target shooting experiment of laser fusion is very complicated, in order to verify each link of the experimental process step by step, it is usually necessary to prepare various types of room-temperature targets for decomposition shooting experiments. For the double-cone collision experimental scheme, during the room-temperature target shooting process, the compression experiment of the plane target (unidirectional compression) is first carried out, followed by the compression experiment between the two surfaces, and finally the intra-cone compression and collision experiments. The existing room-temperature target type can meet the unidirectional compression of the plane and the intra-cone compression (using a gold cone + spherical shell structure), but the compression experiment between the two compression surfaces is more difficult to complete because the preparation process of this type of target type is very complicated. This is very unfavorable for better research and understanding of the compression process in the double-cone collision experimental scheme. It is of great significance to develop a target type that can be used for double-plane compression experiments. The present invention proposes a groove target design and a processing method that can be used for double-plane compression in double-cone collision laser confinement nuclear fusion room-temperature experiments, which is expected to better support room-temperature decomposition experiments for double-plane compression and diagnosis in double-cone collision fusion experimental schemes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a groove target for laser confinement nuclear fusion room temperature experiments and a preparation method thereof.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing a grooved target for laser confinement nuclear fusion experiments at room temperature is provided, the method comprising:

[0006] Two compression surfaces are manufactured by a 3D printing process, with a gap left between the two compression surfaces and a preset angle formed therebetween, thereby forming a double-sided groove structure;

[0007] Manufacturing the support structure of the double-sided groove structure by 3D printing process;

[0008] forming an anti-compression coating on the exterior of the double-sided groove structure;

[0009] Providing a polymer compression cylindrical shell as a compression and ablative layer structure;

[0010] The polymer compression columnar shell is placed in the middle of the double-sided groove structure, with the opening of the polymer compression columnar shell facing the gap, and the two ends of the polymer compression columnar shell are respectively connected to the two compression surfaces.

[0011] Furthermore, the two compression surfaces are manufactured by a 3D printing process, wherein the compression surfaces are formed based on any one of photosensitive resin, metal and ceramic.

[0012] Furthermore, the two compression surfaces are manufactured by a 3D printing process, wherein: the compression surfaces are planes or curved surfaces with a preset curvature.

[0013] Furthermore, the support structure of the double-sided groove structure is manufactured by a 3D printing process, wherein: the support structure includes:

[0014] A top connection support is arranged around the top of the double-sided groove structure;

[0015] A peripheral connection support is provided on the periphery of the double-sided groove structure;

[0016] The bottom support is located below the peripheral connection support. A circular through hole is provided on the bottom support. After the plasma is ejected during the compression process, it can freely diffuse from the through hole.

[0017] Furthermore, an anti-compression coating is formed on the outside of the double-sided groove structure, wherein the anti-compression coating is made of a metal material with an atomic number higher than 40.

[0018] Furthermore, an anti-compression coating is formed on the outside of the double-sided groove structure, wherein the anti-compression coating is made of silicon or silicon oxide.

[0019] Furthermore, the polymer compressed cylindrical shell is provided, wherein: the polymer compressed cylindrical shell is prepared by any one of a CVD deposition-cutting method, a microfluidics method and a thin film hot pressing method.

[0020] Furthermore, the polymer compressed cylindrical shell is provided, wherein: the polymer compressed cylindrical shell is a multi-layer structure, and the material of the polymer compressed cylindrical shell is any one of CH, CHCl and CD.

[0021] Furthermore, the two ends of the polymer compression cylindrical shell are respectively connected to the two compression surfaces, wherein: the polymer compression cylindrical shell and the compression surfaces are connected by an adhesive method.

[0022] According to another aspect of the present invention, a groove target for laser confinement nuclear fusion experiments at room temperature is provided. The groove target is prepared using the above-mentioned method for preparing a groove target for laser confinement nuclear fusion experiments at room temperature. The groove target comprises:

[0023] Two compression surfaces, with a gap left between the two compression surfaces and forming a preset angle, forming a double-sided groove structure;

[0024] a supporting structure for connecting the two compression surfaces and supporting the double-sided groove structure;

[0025] an anti-compression coating, provided on the exterior of the double-sided groove structure;

[0026] The polymer compression columnar shell is located in the middle of the double-sided groove structure, the opening of the polymer compression columnar shell faces the gap, and the two ends of the polymer compression columnar shell are respectively connected to the two compression surfaces.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0028] The present invention is based on a high-precision 3D printing process to prepare the groove structure and support structure of the groove target, and can prepare high-precision, high-flatness, and highly controllable grooves; and after the anti-compression coating is deposited on the groove surface, during the ablation and compression process of the polymer compressed cylindrical shell, the two compression surfaces of the 3D-printed groove structure can play a good compression support effect, and have a good fit for the physical process simulation of double-sided compression. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:

[0030] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the groove structure of a groove target used for laser confinement nuclear fusion room temperature experiments in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the groove structure and support structure of a groove target used for laser confinement nuclear fusion room temperature experiments in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a polymer compressed cylindrical shell of a grooved target used for laser confinement nuclear fusion experiments at room temperature in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a double-layer polymer compressed cylindrical shell of a groove target used for laser confinement nuclear fusion room temperature experiments in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly of a grooved target for laser confinement nuclear fusion experiments at room temperature according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of a groove target used for laser confinement nuclear fusion room temperature experiments in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure: 1-first compression surface, 2-second compression surface, 3-gap, 4-top connection support, 5-peripheral connection support, 6-through hole, 7-polymer compression cylindrical shell, 8-first layer compression cylindrical shell, 9-second layer compression cylindrical shell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. These all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing a grooved target for laser confinement nuclear fusion experiments at room temperature, comprising:

[0039] S1, two compression surfaces are made by 3D printing process, with a gap left between the two compression surfaces and a preset angle formed to form a double-sided groove structure;

[0040] S2, a support structure with double-sided groove structure is produced by 3D printing process;

[0041] S3, forming an anti-compression coating on the outside of the double-sided groove structure;

[0042] S4, providing a polymer compression cylindrical shell as a compression and ablation layer structure;

[0043] S5, placing the polymer compression cylindrical shell in the middle of the double-sided groove structure, with the opening of the polymer compression cylindrical shell facing the gap, and connecting the two ends of the polymer compression cylindrical shell to the two compression surfaces respectively.

[0044] In some embodiments, in step S1, referring to Figure 1 The groove refers to a compression limit structure with a certain angle formed between the first compression surface 1 and the second compression surface 2, with a gap 3 left between the first compression surface 1 and the second compression surface 2. The groove shape and its structural parameters are designed according to the use requirements, that is, the compression groove is formed by two compression surfaces with an angle and a minimum distance designed on demand. Specifically, the angle is designed according to the angle formed by the compression laser, and the minimum distance is determined according to the physical simulation results of the compressed plasma jet. The compression surface is made of a material that can achieve high 3D printing accuracy and has good mechanical support. Preferably, the compression surface is formed based on any one of photosensitive resin, metal and ceramic. In some other embodiments, other types of materials can also be used to form the compression surface. According to the actual needs of the laser confinement nuclear fusion room temperature experiment, the compression surface is a plane or a curved surface with a preset curvature.

[0045] In some embodiments, in step S2, various high-precision 3D printing processes are used to process the support frame; Figure 2 The support structure includes a top connecting support 4, a peripheral connecting support 5 and a bottom support, wherein: the top connecting support 4 is arranged around the top of the double-sided groove structure, and its function is two-fold: one is to prevent the 3D printed structure from being deformed, and the other is to play a limiting role when assembling the semi-cylindrical polymer compression cylindrical shell in the later stage; the peripheral connecting support 5 is arranged on the periphery of the double-sided groove structure, and the peripheral connecting support 5 adopts a four-sided pillar structure, leaving a diagnostic observation light path, which is convenient for diagnosing and observing physical phenomena such as plasma jets generated during the compression process from various angles; the bottom support is located below the peripheral connecting support 5, and a circular through hole 6 is opened on the bottom support, so that the plasma can be freely diffused after being ejected during the compression process and will not be blocked at the bottom.

[0046] In some embodiments, in step S3 , the compression-resistant coating layer may be formed using a material deposition process, and the compression-resistant coating layer may be formed using a metal material with an atomic number higher than 40, such as gold, tantalum, and the like.

[0047] In some other embodiments, the compression-resistant coating may also be a silicon or silicon oxide layer, or other materials.

[0048] The structural diagram of the polymer compressed cylindrical shell 7 is shown in FIG. Figure 3As shown, in step S4, the polymer compression cylindrical shell 7 is prepared by CVD deposition-cutting method (i.e., thin film deposition-laser cutting-stripping method) on a cylindrical mold, or prepared by microfluidics or thin film hot pressing method. The curvature radius, length, and thickness of the polymer compression cylindrical shell 7 are designed according to the compression laser intensity, laser angle, and synchronization conditions. For example, the thickness of the cylindrical shell is 50 microns, the inner curvature radius is 500 microns, the outer curvature radius is 550 microns, and the cylindrical shell processing angle is 100 degrees. The material of the polymer compression cylindrical shell 7 is selected according to the requirements of the laser compression and ablation experiments. Preferably, any one of CH, CHCl, and CD is used. Of course, other types of polymer materials can also be used according to physical requirements and process conditions, as long as they can achieve the same functions as mentioned above.

[0049] In some other embodiments, the polymer compressed columnar shell 7 is a multi-layer structure, for example, a double-layer structure of CH and CHCl or CD. Figure 4 As shown, the polymer compressed cylindrical shell 7 is composed of two layers of cylindrical shells made of different materials. The first compressed cylindrical shell 8 has a thickness of 50 microns, an inner radius of curvature of 500 microns, an outer radius of curvature of 550 microns, and a cylindrical shell processing angle of 100 degrees. The second compressed cylindrical shell 9 covers the shell surface of the first compressed cylindrical shell 8 and has a thickness of 30 microns.

[0050] In some embodiments, in step S5, as Figure 5 As shown, the polymer compression cylindrical shell and the compression surface are connected by bonding method. For example, the polymer compression cylindrical shell and the double compression surface are micro-assembled by using UV curing glue, AB glue or other colloids. The structure of the assembled groove target is as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the arrows indicate the diagnostic observation light path. The assembled grooved target can be attached to the glass target rod as needed to conduct laser confinement fusion experiments at room temperature.

[0051] The above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention prepares the groove structure and support structure of the groove target based on a high-precision 3D printing process, and can prepare high-precision, high-flatness, and highly controllable grooves; and after the anti-compression coating is deposited on the groove surface, during the ablation and compression process of the polymer compressed cylindrical shell, the two compression surfaces of the 3D-printed groove structure can play a good compression support effect, and have a good fit for the physical process simulation of double-sided compression.

[0052] Based on the same inventive concept, another embodiment of the present invention provides a groove target for laser confinement nuclear fusion room temperature experiment, which is prepared using the above-mentioned groove target preparation method for laser confinement nuclear fusion room temperature experiment. Figure 6The groove target includes two compression surfaces, a support structure, an anti-compression coating and a polymer compression cylindrical shell, wherein: the two compression surfaces are a first compression surface 1 and a second compression surface 2, a gap 3 is left between the two compression surfaces and a preset angle is formed to form a double-sided groove structure; the support structure is used to connect the two compression surfaces and support the double-sided groove structure; the anti-compression coating is arranged on the outside of the double-sided groove structure; the polymer compression cylindrical shell 7 is located in the middle of the double-sided groove structure, the opening of the polymer compression cylindrical shell faces the gap 3, and the two ends of the polymer compression cylindrical shell 7 are respectively connected to the two compression surfaces.

[0053] The groove target and preparation method for laser confinement nuclear fusion room temperature experiments in the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are based on a high-precision 3D printing process to prepare the groove target required for laser confinement nuclear fusion room temperature experiments, which solves the process difficulties in preparing high-precision groove targets and enables the angle and distance between compressed grooves to be controlled with high precision. At the same time, it has the advantages of simple operation process, low cost, and batch processing of groove supports.

[0054] The technical solution of this application is further described with more specific embodiments.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] This embodiment provides a grooved target for laser confinement nuclear fusion experiments at room temperature and a method for preparing the same. Specifically, the grooved target and the method for preparing the same use a CH polymer cylindrical shell as a compression layer. The grooved target compression plane is prepared using a photosensitive resin 3D printing device, including the following steps:

[0057] Step 1: Use ultraviolet high-precision 3D printing equipment to print the double planes of the groove target and its supporting structure: the printing material is photosensitive resin, the angle between the double planes of the groove target is 100 degrees, the length of the groove is 1.4 mm, the minimum distance between the grooves is 100 microns, the diameter of the circular through hole at the bottom of the groove is 1.4 mm, and the distance from the bottom of the groove to the circular through hole is 1.0 mm.

[0058] In step 2, a CH polymer cylindrical shell is prepared using a mold surface deposition-laser cutting-stripping method: a 50-micron-thick CH polymer film, such as Parylene-n, is deposited on a quartz glass or borosilicate glass cylinder with an outer diameter of 500 microns. After deposition, a UV laser cutting device is used to cut the glass cylinder with the CH film deposited on it. The cutting path is rectangular, with 700 microns cut along the length of the glass cylinder and 727.7 microns cut along the other direction. After cutting, the shell is peeled off to form an independent CH polymer cylindrical shell.

[0059] Step 3: Preparation of compression-resistant coating on the double-plane surface of the groove target: 20 nanometers thick chromium and 200 nanometers thick gold are sputtered on the high-precision 3D-printed groove double plane and bracket through magnetron sputtering process, and then a 5-micron thick gold layer is deposited on the chromium-gold surface through electroplating process.

[0060] Step 4: Assemble the groove target as a whole: First, dispense glue at the appropriate position on the double plane of the groove target, control the glue spot size within 50 microns, then transfer the polymer cylindrical shell to the double plane using an adsorption tool, adjust the position for assembly alignment, and finally cure it through ultraviolet light.

[0061] Step 5: Glue the assembled groove target onto the glass target rod using UV curing adhesive as needed. The glass target rod has a length of 4 cm and a diameter of 3 mm.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] This embodiment provides a grooved target for room-temperature laser confinement fusion experiments and a method for preparing the same. Specifically, the grooved target and the method for preparing the same use a CH / CHCl double-layer polymer cylindrical shell as a compression layer. The grooved target compression plane is prepared using a metal 3D printing device, including the following steps:

[0064] Step 1: Use high-precision metal 3D printing equipment to print the double planes of the groove target and its supporting structure: the printing metal material is copper, the angle between the double planes of the groove target is 100 degrees, the length of the groove is 1.5 mm, the minimum distance between the grooves is 150 microns, the diameter of the circular through hole at the bottom of the groove is 1.5 mm, and the distance from the bottom of the groove to the circular through hole is 1.2 mm.

[0065] Step 2: Prepare a CH / CHCl polymer cylindrical shell using a mold surface deposition-laser cutting-stripping method: Deposit a 50-micron-thick CH polymer film, such as Parylene-n, onto a quartz glass or borosilicate glass cylinder. Then, deposit a 30-micron-thick CHCl polymer film, such as Parylene-c. The outer diameter of the glass cylinder is 500 microns. After deposition, use a UV laser cutting device to cut the glass cylinder with the CH / CHCl film deposited on it. The cutting path is rectangular, with a 750-micron cut along the length of the glass cylinder and a 779.7-micron cut along the other direction. After cutting, the shell is peeled off to form an independent CH / CHCl polymer cylindrical shell.

[0066] Step 3: Preparation of compression-resistant coating on the double-plane surface of the groove target: 200 nanometers thick gold is sputtered on the high-precision 3D-printed double-plane groove and bracket by magnetron sputtering process, and then a 5 micron thick gold layer is deposited on the gold surface by electroplating process.

[0067] Step 4: Assemble the groove target as a whole: First, dispense glue at the appropriate position on the double plane of the groove target, control the glue spot size within 50 microns, then transfer the polymer cylindrical shell to the double plane using an adsorption tool, adjust the position for assembly alignment, and finally cure it through ultraviolet light.

[0068] Step 5: Glue the assembled groove target onto the glass target rod using AB glue as needed. The glass target rod is 3 cm long and 3 mm in diameter.

[0069] The above describes specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art may make various modifications or variations within the scope of the claims without affecting the essence of the present invention. The above preferred features may be used in any combination as long as they do not conflict with each other.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a groove target for laser confinement nuclear fusion room temperature experiment, characterized in that: include: Two compression surfaces are manufactured by 3D printing process, with a gap left between the two compression surfaces and a preset angle formed therebetween, thereby forming a double-sided groove structure; The support structure of the double-sided groove structure is manufactured by a 3D printing process, wherein the support structure includes: A top connection support is arranged around the top of the double-sided groove structure; A peripheral connection support is provided on the periphery of the double-sided groove structure; A bottom support is located below the peripheral connection support, and a circular through hole is provided on the bottom support, and plasma is freely diffused from the through hole after being ejected during the compression process; forming an anti-compression coating on the exterior of the double-sided groove structure; Providing a polymer compression cylindrical shell as a compression and ablative layer structure; The polymer compression columnar shell is placed in the middle of the double-sided groove structure, with the opening of the polymer compression columnar shell facing the gap, and the two ends of the polymer compression columnar shell are respectively connected to the two compression surfaces.

2. The method for preparing a groove target for laser confinement nuclear fusion room temperature experiment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two compression surfaces are manufactured by a 3D printing process, wherein the compression surfaces are formed based on any one of photosensitive resin, metal and ceramic.

3. The method for preparing a groove target for laser confinement nuclear fusion room temperature experiment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two compression surfaces are manufactured by a 3D printing process, wherein the compression surfaces are planes or curved surfaces with a preset curvature.

4. The method for preparing a groove target for laser confinement nuclear fusion room temperature experiment according to claim 1, characterized in that: An anti-compression coating is formed on the outside of the double-sided groove structure, wherein the anti-compression coating is made of a metal material with an atomic number higher than 40.

5. The method for preparing a groove target for laser confinement nuclear fusion room temperature experiment according to claim 1, characterized in that: An anti-compression coating is formed on the outside of the double-sided groove structure, wherein the anti-compression coating is made of silicon or silicon oxide.

6. The method for preparing a groove target for laser confinement nuclear fusion room temperature experiment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polymer compressed cylindrical shell is provided, wherein: the polymer compressed cylindrical shell is prepared by any one of CVD deposition-cutting method, microfluidics method and thin film hot pressing method.

7. The method for preparing a groove target for laser confinement nuclear fusion room temperature experiment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polymer compressed columnar shell is provided, wherein: the polymer compressed columnar shell is a multi-layer structure, and the material of the polymer compressed columnar shell is any one of CH, CHCl and CD.

8. The method for preparing a groove target for laser confinement nuclear fusion room temperature experiment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the polymer compression columnar shell are respectively connected to the two compression surfaces, wherein the polymer compression columnar shell and the compression surfaces are connected by a bonding method.

9. A grooved target for laser confinement nuclear fusion experiments at room temperature, prepared by the method for preparing a grooved target for laser confinement nuclear fusion experiments at room temperature according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: Two compression surfaces, with a gap left between the two compression surfaces and forming a preset angle, forming a double-sided groove structure; a supporting structure for connecting the two compression surfaces and supporting the double-sided groove structure; an anti-compression coating, provided on the exterior of the double-sided groove structure; The polymer compression columnar shell is located in the middle of the double-sided groove structure, the opening of the polymer compression columnar shell faces the gap, and the two ends of the polymer compression columnar shell are respectively connected to the two compression surfaces.

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