Multi-cavity horizontal automatic pouring apparatus for cylinder heads

Abstract

The application discloses a multi-cavity horizontal automatic pouring equipment for a cylinder cover, which comprises a pouring cup, a straight runner, a cross runner and an inner runner which are sequentially communicated. The equipment is characterized by the following: a liquid storage cavity is arranged at the lower end of the straight runner, and the molten iron is poured into the inner runners through horizontal dispersion after overflowing into the cross runner, so that the flow drop height of the molten iron is effectively reduced, the runner is shortened, the molten iron flow is stable, the sand hole phenomenon is reduced, the hot spot feeding problem is improved, and the casting quality is improved; meanwhile, multiple molds can be accommodated during horizontal pouring, and the multiple molds are synchronously poured through the multiple inner runners, so that the production efficiency is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of casting technology, specifically relating to a multi-cavity horizontal automatic casting device for cylinder heads. Background Technology

[0002] Diesel engine powertrain is the most dazzling jewel in the machinery manufacturing industry. Among them, the engine block and engine cylinder head are the most difficult to form in terms of metal material. As key parts of the engine, the engine block and its top cylinder head operate in the most severe working environment with high heat load, high mechanical load and high speed. Their working condition is directly related to the reliability and service life of the engine.

[0003] Currently, there is a type of cylinder head for diesel engines. The casting dimensions are 470mm long * 190mm wide * 75mm high. It is generally produced by casting using a vertical pouring line, which mainly consists of a pouring cup, a horizontal runner, and a vertical runner. Molten iron is poured into the mold cavity after passing through the pouring cup, the horizontal runner, and the vertical runner in sequence.

[0004] However, in actual production, the following defects exist:

[0005] 1. Because the size and height of the castings far exceed the size of the sand box of a typical automatic line, and the casting is carried out using a vertical pouring line, the drop height of the molten iron is large and the gating channel is long, which makes it easy for sand and gravel to remain, resulting in sand holes and hot spot feeding problems, which affect the quality of the castings.

[0006] 2. Due to the size limitations of the castings, the number of molds that can be poured simultaneously in a vertical pouring line is limited, which is time-consuming and results in low production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a brand-new multi-cavity horizontal automatic casting device for cylinder heads.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] A multi-cavity horizontal automatic casting device for cylinder heads includes a pouring cup, a sprue, a runner, and an ingate connected in sequence. The sprue extends downward from the bottom of the pouring cup, and a liquid storage chamber is formed at the lower end of the sprue. Molten iron falls from the pouring cup along the sprue and can accumulate in the liquid storage chamber. The runner is connected to the sprue, and the connection point is located above the liquid storage chamber. During casting, the molten iron in the liquid storage chamber overflows into the runner from bottom to top. There are multiple ingates distributed at intervals along the runners. Each ingate forms a casting station corresponding to a single mold. Multiple ingates simultaneously cast molten iron into the mold in the corresponding casting station.

[0010] Preferably, the ratio of molten iron flow rates in the sprue, runner, and each ingate is 1:1.49:1.1. By rationally distributing the flow rates of molten iron in each runner, the mold cavity can be filled quickly and smoothly.

[0011] Preferably, the sprue extends downward from its lower end to form an extension, wherein the outer diameter of the extension is larger than the outer diameter of the sprue, and a liquid storage cavity is formed inside the extension. This arrangement facilitates the accumulation of molten iron in the liquid storage cavity, thereby ensuring a stable overflow of molten iron into the sprue.

[0012] Preferably, the center line of the extension is arranged to coincide with the center line of the sprue.

[0013] Preferably, the horizontal sprue is divided into two sections, and the two sections are symmetrically connected on opposite sides of the vertical sprue. This arrangement facilitates the rapid filling of the horizontal sprue with molten iron.

[0014] Furthermore, each section of the runner is equipped with multiple slots, with an ingate connected to each pair of adjacent slots. This configuration allows for adjustment of the flow rate in each section of the runner via the slots, ensuring that the same flow rate is distributed to each ingate.

[0015] Preferably, each ingate includes a lower ingate and a side ingate, wherein the lower ingate is connected to the bottom of the mold, and the side ingate is connected to the side of the mold. This arrangement allows molten iron to be poured into the mold simultaneously through the two ingates, ensuring a uniform temperature distribution throughout the mold and improving the quality of the casting.

[0016] Specifically, the height of the connection point of the side ingate on the corresponding mold side from the bottom of the mold is 0.6 to 0.7 times the mold height.

[0017] Preferably, the lower ingate is provided with a plurality of lower ingates spaced apart along its own length, and the side ingate is provided with a plurality of side ingates spaced apart along its own length, wherein the plurality of lower ingates and the plurality of side ingates correspond to the bottom and side of the mold respectively.

[0018] In addition, a filter element is installed between each ingate and runner. Each casting can be filtered individually, which is beneficial for rapid and stable filling of molten iron, and improves turbulence and cold shuts.

[0019] Due to the implementation of the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0020] This invention utilizes a sump located at the lower end of the sprue to allow molten iron to overflow into the horizontal sprue and then be horizontally dispersed into various ingates for pouring. This effectively reduces the drop height of the molten iron flow, shortens the sprue, ensures stable molten iron flow, reduces sand holes, improves hot spot feeding issues, and enhances casting quality. Furthermore, horizontal pouring can accommodate multiple molds, and the simultaneous pouring of multiple molds through multiple ingates effectively improves production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the multi-cavity horizontal automatic casting equipment for cylinder heads used in this invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the multi-cavity horizontal automatic casting equipment for cylinder heads used in this invention (partially omitted).

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure as seen from the A-axis viewpoint;

[0024] Among them: 1. Pouring cup;

[0025] 2. Direct sprue; 20. Extension section; q. Liquid storage chamber;

[0026] 3. Horizontal runner; 30. Clamp;

[0027] 4. Ingate; 41. Lower ingate; 410. Lower ingate; 42. Side ingate; 420. Side ingate; 43. Filter component;

[0028] M, mold; M0, overflow column. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0030] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0031] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0032] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0033] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0034] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the multi-cavity horizontal automatic casting equipment for cylinder heads in this embodiment includes a pouring cup 1, a straight sprue 2, a horizontal sprue 3, and an inner sprue 4 connected in sequence.

[0036] Specifically, the pouring cup 1 can be any common structure and is used for the introduction of molten iron, wherein the pouring cup 1 is set open from the bottom.

[0037] In this example, the sprue 2 extends vertically downward from the bottom of the pouring cup 1. The lower end of the sprue 2 extends downward to form an extension 20, the outer diameter of which is larger than the outer diameter of the sprue 2. An internal storage chamber q is formed within the extension 20. Molten iron falls from the pouring cup 1 along the sprue 2 and accumulates in the storage chamber q. This arrangement facilitates the accumulation of molten iron in the storage chamber, thereby ensuring a stable overflow of molten iron into the gating system.

[0038] Specifically, the center line of the extension 20 is set to coincide with the center line of the straight sprue 2.

[0039] In this example, the horizontal sprue 3 is divided into two sections, which are symmetrically connected to the opposite sides of the vertical sprue 2 and are connected to the vertical sprue 2. The connection point is located above the slurry chamber q. During pouring, the molten iron in the slurry chamber q overflows from bottom to top into the horizontal sprues 3 on both sides. This arrangement facilitates the rapid filling of the horizontal sprue with molten iron.

[0040] Furthermore, each section of the horizontal runner 3 is provided with multiple slots 30, and an ingate 4 is connected between every two adjacent slots 30 on the horizontal runner 3. This arrangement allows the flow rate of each section of the horizontal runner to be adjusted through the slots, so as to distribute the same flow rate to each ingate.

[0041] Specifically, the ratio of molten iron flow rate in the sprue 2, runner 3, and each ingate 4 is 1:1.49:1.1. By rationally distributing the flow rate of molten iron in each runner, the mold cavity can be filled quickly and smoothly.

[0042] In this example, there are multiple ingates 4, which are spaced apart along the length of the runner 3. Each ingate 4 forms a pouring station for a single mold, and multiple ingates 4 simultaneously pour molten iron into the mold M in the corresponding pouring station.

[0043] Specifically, each ingate 4 includes a lower ingate 41 and a side ingate 42, wherein the lower ingate 41 is connected to the bottom of the mold M, and the side ingate 42 is connected to the side of the mold M. This arrangement allows molten iron to be poured into the mold simultaneously through the two ingates, ensuring a uniform temperature distribution in the upper and lower parts of the mold and improving the quality of the casting.

[0044] Meanwhile, the height of the connection point of the side inlet 42 on the corresponding side of the mold M from the bottom of the mold M is 0.6 times the height of the mold M.

[0045] To further facilitate implementation, the lower ingate 41 is provided with four lower ingates 410 spaced apart along its length, and the side ingate 42 is provided with four side ingates 420 spaced apart along its length. The four lower ingates 410 and the four side ingates 420 are respectively inserted into the bottom and side of the mold M, and five overflow columns M0 are spaced apart on the top of the mold M. This configuration, using eight ingates to assist in pouring, effectively shortens the filling time.

[0046] In addition, a filter element 43 is provided between each ingate 4 and the runner 3, wherein the filter element 43 may be a filter plate. Each casting can be filtered individually, which is conducive to rapid and stable filling of molten iron and improves turbulence and cold shuts.

[0047] In summary, this embodiment has the following advantages:

[0048] 1. By using the liquid storage chamber set at the lower end of the sprue, the molten iron overflows into the horizontal sprue and is then horizontally dispersed into each ingate for pouring. This effectively reduces the flow drop height of the molten iron, shortens the sprue, thus ensuring stable flow of molten iron, reducing sand holes, improving the hot spot feeding problem, and improving the quality of castings.

[0049] 2. Horizontal casting can accommodate multiple molds, and multiple ingates can be set up to simultaneously cast multiple molds, effectively improving production efficiency;

[0050] 3. Molten iron is poured into the mold simultaneously through two ingates. This ensures a uniform temperature distribution in the upper and lower parts of the mold, which is beneficial to improving the quality of the casting.

[0051] 4. By rationally distributing the flow rate of molten iron in each gating channel, the mold cavity can be filled quickly and smoothly;

[0052] 5. Each casting can be filtered individually, which is conducive to rapid and stable filling of molten iron and improves turbulence and cold shut-off.

[0053] The present invention has been described in detail above, with the aim of enabling those skilled in the art to understand and implement the invention. However, this description should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the invention should be included within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A multi-cavity horizontal automatic casting device for cylinder heads, characterized in that: It includes a pouring cup, a sprue, a runner, and an ingate connected in sequence. The sprue extends downward from the bottom of the pouring cup, and a liquid storage cavity is formed at the lower end of the sprue. Molten iron falls from the pouring cup along the sprue and can accumulate in the liquid storage cavity. The runner is connected to the sprue, and the connection point is located above the liquid storage cavity. During pouring, the molten iron in the liquid storage cavity overflows into the runner from bottom to top. There are multiple ingates, which are distributed at intervals along the runners. Each ingate forms a pouring station corresponding to a single mold. Multiple ingates simultaneously pour molten iron into the mold in the corresponding pouring station. The ratio of molten iron flow rate in the sprue, the runner, and each ingate is 1:1.49:1.

1. The sprue extends downward from its lower end to form an extension, wherein the outer diameter of the extension is larger than the outer diameter of the sprue, and the liquid storage cavity is formed inside the extension. Each of the ingates includes a lower ingate and a side ingate, wherein the lower ingate is connected to the bottom of the mold, and the side ingate is connected to the side of the mold; the height of the connection point of the side ingate on the corresponding side of the mold from the bottom of the mold is 0.6 to 0.7 times the height of the mold; the lower ingate has a plurality of lower ingates spaced apart along its own length, and the side ingate has a plurality of side ingates spaced apart along its own length, wherein the plurality of lower ingates and the plurality of side ingates are respectively inserted into the bottom and side of the mold; Molten iron is poured into the mold simultaneously through the lower ingate and the side ingate.

2. The multi-cavity horizontal automatic casting equipment for cylinder heads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The centerline of the extension is aligned with the centerline of the sprue.

3. The multi-cavity horizontal automatic casting equipment for cylinder heads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal gating system is divided into two sections, and the two sections are symmetrically connected to the opposite sides of the vertical gating system.

4. The multi-cavity horizontal automatic casting equipment for cylinder heads according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each section of the horizontal runner is provided with multiple slots, wherein an inner runner is connected between each two adjacent slots of the horizontal runner.

5. The multi-cavity horizontal automatic casting equipment for cylinder heads according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter element is provided between each of the ingates and the runners.

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