An experimental apparatus, design method and application for mollusk behavior

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of field experimental equipment, and discloses a shellfish behavior experimental device, design method and application. The device includes: a stainless steel main frame, a net, a shellfish release hole, a stainless steel vertical frame, a shellfish capture area, a shellfish activity area and a monitoring instrument fixing device. In view of the problems encountered and existing in the current on-site behavioral experiments of Yekka scallops, the present invention provides a shellfish behavior experimental device and an experimental method; a shellfish release device is provided to facilitate the placement of experimental shellfish; a monitoring instrument fixing device is provided to facilitate the hanging of instruments such as current meters and temperature-salinity recorders; a shellfish activity area ensures that shellfish will not escape without affecting the on-site environmental conditions; and a shellfish capture area can quickly and conveniently obtain shellfish behavior indicators and parameters. The whole set of equipment can restore real on-site conditions, facilitate the experimental process, and improve experimental efficiency and accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of field experimental equipment, and in particular relates to a shellfish behavior experimental device, a design method and an application. Background Art

[0002] Behavior and physiology are inseparable. Behavioral indicators are ideal for identifying and evaluating the impact of stress factors on organisms because they link physiological functions with ecological processes. Animals can only adapt to changing environments with the help of behavior. Behavior is an overall response to changes in the external environment and internal physiological changes. The interaction and connection between behavior and physiology will determine the survival and development of animals. Behavioral research is the most direct tool to deal with the impact of various complex factors on organisms, and the application of related research results is universal. With the progress made in quantitative behavioral indicator technology, the connection between aquatic biological behavior and stress factors has received attention in the past decade. Unfortunately, most scholars only focus on the development of systems that use changes in fish behavioral characteristics to warn of water quality conditions. For the Yezo scallops, which have weaker mobility, their behavioral research is almost blank.

[0003] However, due to issues such as its movement state and living habits, research on the movement behavior of the Yesso scallop is difficult to carry out. The simulated mesocosm environment indoors can hardly reflect the movement state of the Yesso scallop in nature; and there are currently no suitable field experimental tools to carry out relevant experiments.

[0004] Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the existing technology are: the existing technology cannot effectively obtain the behavioral characteristic data of bivalve molluscs, and cannot effectively avoid human interference, resulting in poor accuracy of experimental results. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the problems existing in the related art, the disclosed embodiments of the present invention provide a shellfish behavior experimental device, a design method and an application.

[0006] The technical solution is as follows: a shellfish behavior experimental device includes: a stainless steel main frame, a net, a shellfish release hole, a stainless steel vertical frame, a shellfish capture area, a shellfish activity area and a monitoring instrument fixing device;

[0007] The net is wrapped around the outside of the stainless steel main frame;

[0008] A shellfish placing hole is provided at the center of the stainless steel main frame;

[0009] The stainless steel main frame is composed of an upper frame and a lower frame, and the stainless steel vertical frame is welded between the upper frame and the lower frame;

[0010] The monitoring instrument fixture is welded to the stainless steel vertical frame and the shellfish release hole;

[0011] The stainless steel main frame and stainless steel vertical frame form the shellfish activity area;

[0012] The shellfish catching area is mounted on the side of the stainless steel main frame.

[0013] In one embodiment, the stainless steel main frame is a polygonal cube.

[0014] In one embodiment, the surface of the net has a plurality of meshes;

[0015] The shellfish placing hole is a stainless steel ring, and the outer diameter edge of the stainless steel ring is provided with hooks or small holes for fixing with the net.

[0016] In one embodiment, the shellfish catching area is a plurality of net bags, the net openings are connected to the side of the stainless steel main frame, and a lead sinker and a fixing pin are provided at the bottom of the net;

[0017] The monitoring instrument fixing device is a stainless steel annular lock buckle; a current meter, a temperature and salinity recorder and a multi-parameter recorder are fixed on the monitoring instrument fixing device.

[0018] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for designing a shellfish behavior experimental device, comprising:

[0019] S1, calculate the average movement speed of the experimental organisms based on the distance moved by multiple shellfish in a fixed period of time under laboratory static water conditions;

[0020] S2, based on the radius size of the experimental device, that is, the distance from the center of the shellfish release hole to one side of any polygon, the radius size is divided by the average movement speed of the shellfish determined in S1, and the obtained time is the minimum sampling interval time of the shellfish behavior experiment; S3, during the shellfish behavior experiment, at each sampling, the diver dives into the seabed and records the number of experimental shellfish captured in each shellfish capture area;

[0021] S4, different shellfish capture areas represent different directions of movement of experimental shellfish behavior. The radius of the shellfish behavior experimental device divided by the time from the start of the experiment to each sampling is the movement speed of the shellfish captured in each sampling. When the entire experiment is over, the average of the speeds of all shellfish is the average speed of the shellfish.

[0022] In one embodiment, in step S3, the center of a certain shellfish catching area is adjusted to point to the due north direction according to the experimental site, experimental organisms and field conditions, and the shellfish catching area is marked.

[0023] In one embodiment, calculating the movement speed of the experimental organism in step S4 includes:

[0024] Based on the number of shellfish captured in different directions, determine whether the movement direction of shellfish in the direction of water flow is selective, and based on the parameters of the instrument, record the number of scallops captured at each sampling. Based on the determined distance from the center of the shellfish release hole to one side of any polygon, determine the distance the shellfish moves from the shellfish release hole to the shellfish capture area. Divide the determined distance from the center of the shellfish release hole to one side of any polygon by the total time from the start of the experiment to each sampling to obtain the movement speed of the scallops captured at each sampling.

[0025] Another object of the present invention is to provide an application of the shellfish behavior experimental device in the experimental analysis of the speed changes of the Yesso scallop and the temperature and salinity environmental factors.

[0026] Another object of the present invention is to provide an application of the shellfish behavior experimental device in the experimental analysis of the speed change of the Japanese scallop and the dissolved oxygen environmental factors.

[0027] Another object of the present invention is to provide an application of the shellfish behavior experimental device in the experimental analysis of the speed changes of the Yesso scallops and the ocean current environmental factors.

[0028] Combining all the above technical solutions, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0029] First, in view of the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and the difficulty of solving the problems, this paper closely combines the technical scheme to be protected by the present invention and the results and data in the research and development process, and makes a detailed and in-depth analysis of how the technical scheme of the present invention solves the technical problems, and some creative technical effects brought about after solving the problems. The specific description is as follows: The present invention provides an experimental device that restores the on-site environment, reduces human disturbance, facilitates experimental operations, and quickly and conveniently obtains experimental results. It can effectively obtain the behavioral characteristic data of bivalve molluscs, reduce human interference, and improve the accuracy of experimental results.

[0030] Second, considering the technical solution as a whole or from the perspective of the product, the technical effects and advantages of the technical solution to be protected by the present invention are specifically described as follows: The present invention provides a bivalve behavior experiment device and experimental method for the problems encountered and existing in the current on-site behavioral experiments of the scallops; a shellfish dispenser is provided to facilitate the placement of experimental shellfish; a monitoring instrument fixing device is provided to facilitate the installation of instruments such as current meters and temperature-salinity recorders; a shellfish activity area is provided to ensure that shellfish will not escape without affecting the on-site environmental conditions; and a shellfish capture area is provided to quickly and conveniently obtain shellfish behavior indicators and parameters. The whole set of equipment can restore the real on-site conditions, facilitate the experimental process, and improve the efficiency and accuracy of the experiment.

[0031] Third, as auxiliary evidence of the inventiveness of the claims of the present invention, it is also reflected in the following important aspects:

[0032] (1) Understanding the behavioral habits of shellfish, including direction selection and movement speed, can prevent the recurrence of incidents such as the escape of the Japanese scallop, and has a positive effect on the healthy development of the bottom seeding aquaculture industry.

[0033] (2) At present, most of the studies on the movement behavior of marine organisms under natural conditions at home and abroad use biobeacons or image capture technology, and are mainly focused on marine organisms with strong swimming ability such as fish. The relevant experimental technology for bivalve shellfish with poor swimming ability has not yet been perfected. This invention can provide a reference for the development of shellfish behavior research.

[0034] (4) Among all shellfish, attached shellfish (such as long oysters, blue mussels, etc.) have the ability to move only in the planktonic larval stage of their life cycle. Once they grow into juvenile shellfish, they will never be able to move. Other bivalve shellfish, such as Chlamys farreri and Yesso scallops, have certain swimming abilities, but their behavioral abilities are relatively weak. Therefore, people generally do not pay attention to the behavioral research related to bivalves. Most scholars believe that the behavioral ability of shellfish depends on natural conditions, and they cannot control and make selective behaviors by themselves. Therefore, most studies have not considered the role of shellfish behavioral abilities in their survival process. The present invention can provide direct evidence to prove the behavioral ability and autonomous selectivity of shellfish. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure, and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure;

[0036] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a shellfish behavior experimental device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of a design method of a shellfish behavior experimental device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] In the figure: 1. Stainless steel main frame; 2. Net; 3. Shellfish releasing hole; 4. Stainless steel vertical frame; 5. Shellfish catching area; 6. Shellfish activity area; 7. Monitoring instrument fixing device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific implementation disclosed below.

[0040] 1. Explanation of the embodiment:

[0041] Example 1

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the shellfish behavior experimental device provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: a stainless steel main frame 1, a net 2, a shellfish releasing hole 3, a monitoring instrument fixing device 7, a shellfish activity area 6, and a shellfish capturing area 5.

[0043] The shellfish behavior experimental device is a stainless steel frame wrapped with a net structure, which is divided into: the main part is an 8-sided cube, the cube is welded by a stainless steel vertical frame 4, the cube diameter is ≥3m, the cube height is ≥40cm, and the surface is wrapped and sealed with a 5cm mesh net 2. The stainless steel main frame 1 is an upper frame and a lower frame, and the stainless steel vertical frame 4 is welded between the upper frame and the lower frame;

[0044] The monitoring instrument fixing device 7 is a stainless steel annular lock buckle welded to the stainless steel vertical frame 4 and the shellfish release hole 3 respectively.

[0045] The shellfish placing hole 3 is a stainless steel ring with an inner diameter of 12 cm and an outer diameter of 30 cm. There are hooks or small holes on the edge of the outer diameter for fixing with the net 2 and placed in the center of the upper surface of the cube.

[0046] The shellfish activity area 6 is the entire internal area of ​​the 8-sided cube. The lower surface of the cube can be determined according to the actual situation on site. If the site is a flat muddy bottom, there is no need to seal it with a net 2, and the device can be directly placed on site. If the site is an uneven sandy bottom, the lower surface is sealed with a net 2.

[0047] The shellfish catching area 5 is composed of 8 net bags, the net openings of which are connected to the 8 sides of an octagonal cube. A lead sinker and a fixing needle are provided at the bottom of the net, and the fixing needle can be inserted into the bottom of the experimental area.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for designing a shellfish behavior experimental device, comprising:

[0050] S1, calculate the average movement speed of the experimental organisms based on the distance moved by multiple shellfish in a fixed period of time under laboratory static water conditions;

[0051] S2, based on the radius size of the experimental device, that is, the distance from the center of the shellfish release hole 3 to one side of any polygon, the radius size is divided by the average moving speed of the shellfish determined in S1, and the obtained time is the minimum sampling interval time of the shellfish behavior experiment;

[0052] S3, during the shellfish behavior experiment, at each sampling time, the diver dived into the seabed and recorded the number of experimental shellfish captured in each shellfish capture area 5;

[0053] S4, different shellfish capture areas 5 represent different directions of movement of experimental shellfish behavior. The radius size of the shellfish behavior experimental device divided by the time from the start of the experiment to each sampling is the movement speed of the shellfish captured in each sampling. When the entire experiment is over, the average of the speeds of all shellfish is the average speed of the shellfish.

[0054] In one embodiment, the installation direction of the shellfish behavior experimental device is adjusted according to the experimental site, experimental organisms and field conditions. The center of a shellfish capture area 5 is adjusted to point to the true north direction, and the shellfish capture area 5 is marked.

[0055] In the embodiment of the present invention, calculating the moving speed of the experimental organism in step S4 includes:

[0056] Based on the number of shellfish captured in different directions, determine whether the movement direction of the shellfish in the direction of water flow is selective, and based on the parameters of the mounted instrument, record the number of scallops captured at each sampling. Based on the determined distance from the center of the shellfish release hole 3 to one side of any polygon, determine the distance the shellfish moves from the shellfish release hole 3 to the shellfish capture area 5. Divide the determined distance from the center of the shellfish release hole 3 to one side of any polygon by the total time from the start of the experiment to each sampling to obtain the movement speed of the scallops captured at each sampling.

[0057] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described or recorded in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0058] 2. Application examples:

[0059] Application Examples

[0060] Taking the Japanese scallop as an experimental organism as an example, the net 2, the net bag, the shellfish release hole 3 and the stainless steel main frame 1 are fixed and sealed and spliced.

[0061] According to the experimental requirements, the current meter, the temperature and salinity recorder, and the multi-parameter recorder including dissolved oxygen, pH and other indicators are fixed on the monitoring instrument fixing device 7 respectively.

[0062] The fixing method can be to tie ropes or cable ties at the corresponding positions. Among them, devices that need to be placed vertically, such as current meters, need to be fixed on the stainless steel vertical frame 4 of the cube. The remaining devices can be fixed on the stainless steel vertical frame 4 or the shellfish release hole 3 according to the conditions.

[0063] In the embodiment of the present invention, the multi-parameter recorder placed at the shellfish releasing hole 3 cannot block the shellfish releasing hole 3 .

[0064] According to the experimental organisms and experimental sampling interval arrangement, taking the Japanese scallop as an example, with a sampling interval of 6 hours, the diameter of the 8-sided cube of the experimental device should be 3 meters.

[0065] The specific dimensions of the experimental device were calculated as follows: first, the movement speed of the experimental organisms was calculated under laboratory static water conditions;

[0066] Secondly, according to the speed and the set experimental sampling interval, the distance that the experimental organism can move within one sampling interval is calculated;

[0067] Finally, the radius of the experimental device, that is, the distance from the center of the shellfish release hole 3 to any side of the octagon, is determined to be greater than or equal to the distance that the experimental organisms can move during one experimental interval.

[0068] In addition, the experimental device can also be adjusted according to the experimental site, experimental organisms and field conditions. The diver fixes the assembled shellfish behavior experimental device on the seabed of the experimental area, uses a compass to adjust and determine the side of the 8-sided cube facing the north direction and marks it, and assigns the 8 directions of north, northeast, east, southeast, south, southwest, west and northwest to the 8-sided cube respectively;

[0069] Straighten the net bag of the shellfish catching area 5 and insert the fixed pins at the bottom of the net into the seabed sediment; put the experimental shellfish naturally into the shellfish releasing hole 3 and start timing; at the 6th hour, 12th hour, 18th hour, 24th hour, until the end of the experiment, divers dive into the seabed and record the number of experimental shellfish caught in the shellfish catching area 5 in each direction.

[0070] The selectivity and speed of the movement direction of the experimental shellfish behavior are calculated. The specific calculation method is that according to the number of captured scallops in different directions, it is possible to quickly and easily determine whether the movement direction of the scallops is selective, and to determine the factors affecting the direction selection according to the parameters of the hanging instrument, such as the direction of water flow; the number of scallops captured at each sampling is recorded separately, and according to the diameter of the experimental device, the distance the shellfish moves from the shellfish release hole 3 to the capture area can be clearly determined. Therefore, the radius of the experimental device is divided by the total time from the start of the experiment to each sampling, and the movement speed of the scallops captured at each sampling can be obtained. Similarly, according to parameters such as temperature and salinity, dissolved oxygen, and ocean currents, the environmental factors affecting the speed change can be analyzed.

[0071] III. Evidence of the relevant effects of the embodiments:

[0072] The present invention does not destroy any on-site environmental conditions, does not cause artificial damage to experimental organisms, and improves the authenticity of the experiment. At the same time, the experimental data can be obtained conveniently and quickly through divers, simplifying the experimental process and improving the experimental efficiency.

[0073] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention and within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for designing a shellfish behavior experimental device, characterized in that: The shellfish behavior experimental device comprises: a net (2), the net (2) being wrapped around the outside of a stainless steel main frame (1); a shellfish release hole (3) being provided at the center of the stainless steel main frame (1); the stainless steel main frame (1) comprising an upper frame and a lower frame, a stainless steel vertical frame (4) being welded between the upper frame and the lower frame; Monitoring instrument fixing devices (7) are welded to the stainless steel vertical frame (4) and the shellfish release hole (3); the stainless steel main frame (1) and the stainless steel vertical frame (4) form a shellfish activity area (6); and a shellfish catching area (5) is arranged on the side of the stainless steel main frame (1); the stainless steel main frame (1) is a polygonal cube structure; The design method of the shellfish behavior experimental device includes: S1, calculate the average movement speed of shellfish based on the distance moved by multiple shellfish over a fixed period of time under laboratory static water conditions; S2, based on the radius size of the experimental device, that is, the distance from the center of the shellfish release hole (3) to any side of the polygonal cube structure, divide the radius size by the average shellfish movement speed determined in S1, and the resulting time is the minimum sampling interval time of the shellfish behavior experiment; S3, during the shellfish behavior experiment, the number of experimental shellfish captured in each shellfish capture area (5) on the seabed was recorded at each sampling time; S4, different shellfish capture areas (5) represent different directions of movement of experimental shellfish behavior; the radius size of the shellfish behavior experimental device divided by the time from the beginning of the experiment to each sampling is the movement speed of the shellfish captured in each sampling; when the entire experiment is over, the average movement speed of all shellfish is the average speed of the shellfish.

2. The design method of the shellfish behavior experimental device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The surface of the net (2) has a plurality of meshes; The shellfish placing hole (3) is a stainless steel ring, and a hook or a small hole is arranged on the outer edge of the stainless steel ring, and the hook or the small hole is used to be fixed to the net (2).

3. The design method of the shellfish behavior experimental device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The shellfish catching area (5) is a plurality of net bags, the net openings of which are connected to the side of the stainless steel main frame (1), and the bottom of the net is provided with a lead sinker and a fixing pin; The monitoring instrument fixing device (7) is a stainless steel annular lock buckle, and a current meter, a temperature and salinity recorder, and a multi-parameter recorder are fixed on the monitoring instrument fixing device (7).

4. The design method of the shellfish behavior experimental device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S3, the center of a certain shellfish catching area (5) is adjusted to point to the north direction according to the experimental site, shellfish and field conditions, and the shellfish catching area (5) is marked.

5. The design method of the shellfish behavior experimental device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S4, calculating the moving speed of the shellfish includes: Based on the number of shellfish captured in different directions, determine whether the movement direction of the shellfish in the direction of the water flow is selective, and based on the parameters of the mounted instrument, record the number of shellfish captured at each sampling. Based on the determined distance from the center position of the shellfish release hole (3) to any side of the polygonal cube structure, determine the distance that the shellfish moves from the shellfish release hole (3) to the shellfish capture area (5). The determined distance from the center position of the shellfish release hole (3) to any side of the polygonal cube structure is divided by the total time from the start of the experiment to each sampling to obtain the movement speed of the shellfish captured at each sampling.

6. An application of the design method of the shellfish behavior experimental device as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 in the experimental analysis of the relationship between the speed change of the Yesso scallop and the temperature and salinity environmental factors.

7. An application of the design method of the shellfish behavior experimental device as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 in the experimental analysis of the relationship between the speed change of the Yesso scallop and the dissolved oxygen environmental factors.

8. Application of the design method of the shellfish behavior experimental device as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 in experimental analysis of the relationship between the speed change of the Yesso scallop and the ocean current environmental factors.

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