High-temperature and high-humidity long tunnel dehumidification and heat removal system

Abstract

The application discloses a high-temperature and high-humidity special long tunnel dehumidification and heat removal system, which comprises a ventilation system, a heat removal system, a dehumidification system and a monitoring and control system; the ventilation system is arranged along the length direction of the tunnel; the heat removal system comprises a prefabricated concrete blocking plate assembly, a flow guide device and a jet fan group; the prefabricated concrete blocking plate assembly blocks and guides the high-temperature water outlet point; the flow guide device guides the hot air near the prefabricated concrete blocking plate assembly; the jet fan group is arranged along the length direction of the tunnel; the jet fan group obtains the hot air guided by the flow guide device and discharges the hot air to the outside of the tunnel; the dehumidification system is arranged on the tunnel vault and is arranged on the flow guide path between the jet fan group and the flow guide device, and dehumidifies the hot air guided by the flow guide device; the monitoring and control system is connected with the ventilation system, the heat removal system and the dehumidification system, and the temperature and humidity of the area where the tunnel face is located are monitored, and the ventilation system, the heat removal system and the dehumidification system are controlled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel and underground engineering construction technology, and in particular to a dehumidification and heat dissipation system for extra-long tunnels with high temperature and high humidity. Background Technology

[0002] Engineering practice shows that in long, deep-buried tunnels with hot spring hydrothermal characteristics, when there are adverse geological conditions such as high ground temperature and hot water inside the tunnel, the high temperature is usually accompanied by high humidity. In many cases, the air temperature reaches 40°C and is accompanied by 60% relative humidity, or the air temperature reaches 36°C and is accompanied by 80% relative humidity, making the tunnel hot and the visibility only 3 to 5 meters.

[0003] In addition, the construction of extra-long tunnels (several kilometers to tens of kilometers) using existing technologies also faces the following serious safety challenges:

[0004] On the one hand, for machinery and construction, the large amount of hot steam generated by the outflow of high-temperature hot water in the tunnel removes some oxygen, leading to incomplete combustion of mechanical fuels and a decrease in mechanical efficiency of about 30%, thus increasing the frequency of equipment failures. The water pumps used for drainage in the tunnel also suffer increased damage rates due to the long-term pumping of high-temperature hot water, making it impossible to carry out normal construction inside the tunnel. At the same time, adverse geological conditions result in numerous construction procedures, long work cycles for treating sections with poor geological conditions, slow construction progress, and increased construction costs. When a large amount of hot water is concentrated and flows out, it often forces work to stop at the work site.

[0005] On the other hand, for tunnel construction workers, high temperature and humidity worsen the tunnel construction environment. Workers entering the work area may experience chest tightness within a short time, and dizziness and vomiting after a while. Mild cases may result in inability to work normally, while severe cases can lead to various types of heatstroke, such as heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and heatstroke, resulting in numerous injuries and illnesses among construction workers and reduced work efficiency. When the wet-bulb temperature reaches 33°C, it is very close to the lethal wet-bulb temperature. Prolonged activity and labor in such an environment are extremely dangerous. Outdoors, workers frequently faint from heatstroke; for those engaged in high-intensity physical labor in the poorly ventilated, high-temperature, and high-humidity tunnels, preventing heatstroke and heatstroke is of paramount importance for occupational health and safety.

[0006] Currently, in the construction of high-temperature and high-temperature hot water tunnels, multiple comprehensive technical measures must be adopted for cooling. The comprehensive technical measures currently used for high-temperature tunnels include:

[0007] First, strengthening ventilation is currently the most important method to reduce the ambient temperature inside the tunnel, extract harmful smoke and dust, and improve the working environment. Fresh air from outside the tunnel is delivered to the vicinity of the tunnel face through fans and ducts. To this end, some tunnels use inclined shafts or cross passages to extract polluted air, while some tunnels use a mixed ventilation method with one fan forcing in and one fan for extracting.

[0008] Secondly, a water collection pit was excavated at the high-temperature hot water outlet point inside the cave to concentrate the high-temperature hot water in the pit for pumping and drainage, thereby reducing the evaporation area of ​​the hot water; valves were installed at the hot spring water outlet point through pipelines to lead the hot water out of the cave; local freezing walls and local fans were installed, and comprehensive measures such as strengthening the spraying of cold water were implemented.

[0009] The aforementioned technical measures have shown good results in high-temperature, dry-heat tunnels. However, for long, deep-buried tunnels in high-altitude areas with geothermal heat, limited space restricts the number of traditional measures. Using 108mm diameter steel pipes to drain hot water from the tunnel face requires increasing the number of pipes when the water volume is large. Furthermore, to reduce heat radiation, thermal insulation materials are needed to treat the exterior of the steel pipes. As the excavation length of extra-long tunnels increases, these measures not only encroach on space and interfere with ongoing construction processes but also increase costs. Therefore, there is still no better solution to the ventilation, heat dissipation, and dehumidification problems of extra-long, high-temperature, and high-humidity tunnels.

[0010] For example, the Chinese invention patent with publication number "CN112127934A" and titled "Variable Frequency Energy-Saving Ventilation System and Method for Construction of Long, High-Altitude, High-Temperature Tunnels" includes: a hardware system, a human-machine interaction function, a tunnel body, and a ventilation shaft; the human-machine interaction function controls the ventilation system based on the hardware system; the tunnel body is connected to the ventilation shaft, and the hardware system is installed inside the tunnel body; the ventilation shaft is a vertical shaft structure; the tunnel body includes a fan room, a fan room transport channel, a transverse substation, fans, and exhaust connecting tunnels; intelligent variable frequency control of the ventilation equipment effectively saves energy consumption of the tunnel ventilation system and reduces fan losses. A comparison reveals that existing technologies belong to the field of tunnel construction ventilation technology. From the perspective of the invention's purpose, this technology modifies the frequency conversion control of the fan operation mode in ventilation systems for long, high-altitude, high-temperature tunnels. It mainly uses neural network algorithms to train and predict the influencing factors of tunnel air volume requirements, achieving intelligent adjustment of the fan operating frequency. However, it lacks a specific solution for the more severe high-humidity problem in long, high-temperature tunnels. Secondly, from the perspective of the invention's application area, this technology targets ventilation during tunnel operation. It still does not address the ventilation, cooling, and heat removal issues during the long construction period in high-temperature tunnels like the Sichuan-Tibet Railway, where ventilation shafts are not installed. From the perspective of the invention's content, engineering practice shows that simply using ventilation measures is insufficient to solve the occupational health and safety problems of construction workers in high-temperature tunnels with hot spring hydrothermal characteristics. This invention, based on the theory of heat flow coupling, comprehensively utilizes ventilation, dehumidification, and heat dissipation equipment. Without significantly increasing investment costs or occupying limited space, the high-temperature, high-humidity, long tunnel dehumidification and heat dissipation system of this invention can effectively solve the aforementioned problems. Finally, the axial flow fan, jet fan, dehumidification module, and flow guiding device in this invention can all be flexibly disassembled and reused. Together with precast concrete sealing templates, multi-functional monitoring elements, and intelligent control systems, they are innovatively applied, truly embodying the modern tunnel concept of green, intelligent, efficient, and safe.

[0011] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a high-temperature and high-humidity long tunnel dehumidification and heat dissipation system that is simple in structure and reliable in dehumidification and heat dissipation. Summary of the Invention

[0012] To address the above problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a high-temperature, high-humidity, extra-long tunnel dehumidification and heat dissipation system. The technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows:

[0013] A high-temperature and high-humidity long tunnel dehumidification and heat exhaust system is provided, wherein there is at least one high-temperature water outlet at the tunnel face, and the high-temperature and high-humidity long tunnel dehumidification and heat exhaust system includes: a ventilation system, a heat exhaust system, a dehumidification system and a monitoring and control system.

[0014] The ventilation system is laid out along the length of the tunnel and provides ventilation and oxygen supply to the tunnel face area. The heat exhaust system includes precast concrete sealing plate assemblies, a flow guiding device, and jet fan units. The precast concrete sealing plate assemblies are attached to the tunnel face at the high-temperature water outlet point for sealing and diverting the high-temperature water. The flow guiding device is laid close to the precast concrete sealing plate assemblies and guides the hot air near the precast concrete sealing plate assemblies. An array of jet fan units is set up and laid out along the length of the tunnel. The jet fan units acquire the hot air guided by the flow guiding device and exhaust it outside the tunnel. The dehumidification system is laid at the top of the tunnel arch and placed on the flow guiding path between the jet fan units and the flow guiding device to dehumidify the hot air guided by the flow guiding device. The monitoring and control system is connected to the ventilation system, heat exhaust system, and dehumidification system and monitors the temperature and humidity of the tunnel face area, as well as controls the ventilation system, heat exhaust system, and dehumidification system.

[0015] Furthermore, the ventilation system includes an axial flow fan, a ventilation duct, and an air distributor connected in sequence; the axial flow fan is located outside the tunnel; the air outlet of the air distributor is located at the rear end of the airflow path between the jet fan unit and the airflow guiding device.

[0016] Furthermore, the precast concrete sealing plate assembly includes a precast concrete sealing plate for sealing the high-temperature water outlet, a precast concrete embedded guide pipe that penetrates the precast concrete sealing plate and guides the high-temperature water flow, and a guide pipe valve installed on the precast concrete embedded guide pipe.

[0017] Furthermore, the flow guiding device includes a flow guiding shroud, a flow guiding fan, flow guiding blades, and an air inlet; the flow guiding fan is disposed inside the flow guiding shroud, draws in hot air from the air inlet, and discharges it from the flow guiding blades; the air inlet is disposed on the flow guiding shroud and faces the precast concrete sealing plate assembly; the flow guiding blades are disposed on the flow guiding shroud and face the dehumidification system.

[0018] Furthermore, the dehumidification system includes a fan, a heat exchanger, a compressor, and a casing arranged sequentially along the direction of hot air flow; the fan receives the hot air guided by the air guiding device; and the casing transfers the dehumidified hot air to the jet fan unit.

[0019] Preferably, the compressor is equipped with a water container.

[0020] Furthermore, a jet fan hanger is provided on the jet fan unit.

[0021] Furthermore, the monitoring and control system includes an air quality sensor installed at the fan inlet for detecting hot air.

[0022] Preferably, the monitoring and control system includes a multi-functional monitoring element disposed on the rear side of the air diversion device, and a main control computer connected to the air quality sensor, the multi-functional monitoring element, the ventilation system, the heat dissipation system and the dehumidification system.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] (1) The present invention cleverly sets up a heat dissipation system, which adopts a combination of precast concrete sealing plate assembly, flow guiding device and jet fan unit. The precast concrete sealing plate assembly seals and guides the high temperature water outlet to prevent the heat from spreading arbitrarily in the tunnel and thus achieves accumulation. In addition, the flow guiding device of the present invention is directed toward the precast concrete sealing plate assembly to guide the accumulated heat to further prevent its diffusion and guide it to the jet fan unit for discharge.

[0025] (2) The present invention cleverly sets up a dehumidification system, which consists of a fan, a heat exchanger, a compressor and a casing. Since the humidity of the hot air is high, the lifespan of the jet fan unit will be affected if it is in a high humidity environment for a long time. In order to ensure its working reliability, the moisture in the hot air is removed.

[0026] (3) The present invention has a clever ventilation system that works in conjunction with the heat exhaust system. During the heat exhaust process, a sparse air area is formed behind the flow guide device. The air outlet of the air distributor is located at the rear end of the flow path between the jet fan unit and the flow guide device. By supplementing the ventilation system, the oxygen supply in the area can be guaranteed, and air exchange and cooling can also be carried out.

[0027] (4) By adopting a monitoring and control system, the present invention can reliably collect environmental parameters in the tunnel in real time, ensuring that the ventilation system, heat exhaust system and dehumidification system are reliable and controllable. In this way, the present invention can simultaneously solve the ventilation, dehumidification and filtration and cooling problems of long tunnels with high humidity and hot spring water in high-altitude areas.

[0028] (5) This invention utilizes the working principles of operation ventilation and indoor dehumidifiers to apply jet fans to tunnel construction for the first time. By cooperating with dehumidifiers and axial flow ventilation equipment, it can achieve heat extraction during the construction of long, deep-buried tunnels with high ground temperature. This reduces the problems caused by traditional measures, such as large investment in ventilation equipment and hot water drainage pipes, excessive space occupation, and poor heat damage treatment effect caused by high temperature and humidity in long tunnels. It avoids interference with normal procedures in a limited space, improves the heat damage treatment effect in high humidity tunnels, ensures the health of construction personnel in high ground temperature tunnels, improves the efficiency of personnel and machinery during construction, and realizes green, efficient, and safe tunnel production.

[0029] In summary, this invention has the advantages of simple structure and reliable hot air extraction, and has high practical and promotional value in the field of tunnel and underground engineering construction technology. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope of protection. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the precast concrete sealing template assembly of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the combination of the jet fan unit and dehumidification module of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the flow guiding device of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a time-temperature curve for exhaust and ventilation in front of the tunnel face of a single-track railway tunnel.

[0036] Figure 6 The curve shows the difference in moisture content before and after dehumidification in a single-track railway tunnel, along with the dehumidification rate.

[0037] In the above figures, the component names corresponding to the reference numerals are as follows:

[0038] 1. Axial flow fan; 2. Ventilation duct; 3. Air distributor; 4. Jet fan unit; 4-1. Jet fan hanger; 4-2. Tunnel roof; 5. Flow guiding device; 5-1. Flow guiding fan; 5-2. Flow guiding blades; 5-3. Flow guiding cover; 6. Precast concrete sealing template assembly; 6-1. Precast concrete sealing plate; 6-2. Precast concrete embedded flow guiding pipe; 6-3. Flow guiding pipe valve; 7. Compressor; 8. Heat exchanger; 9. Fan; 10. Water container; 11. Housing; 12. Air quality sensor; 13. Multifunctional monitoring element; 14. Central control computer. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention include, but are not limited to, the following embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0040] In this embodiment, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent three situations: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone.

[0041] The terms "first" and "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this embodiment are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order of objects. For example, "first target object" and "second target object," etc., are used to distinguish different target objects, not to describe a specific order of target objects.

[0042] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design that is described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design. Specifically, the use of the terms "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0043] In the description of the embodiments in this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. For example, multiple processing units means two or more processing units; multiple systems means two or more systems.

[0044] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a high-temperature and high-humidity long tunnel dehumidification and heat dissipation system, wherein there is at least one high-temperature water outlet at the tunnel face. The high-temperature and high-humidity long tunnel dehumidification and heat dissipation system includes: a ventilation system, a heat dissipation system, a dehumidification system, and a monitoring and control system.

[0045] The ventilation system includes an axial flow fan 1, a ventilation duct 2, and an air distributor 3 connected in sequence; the axial flow fan 1 is located outside the tunnel; the air outlet of the air distributor 3 is located at the rear end of the flow path between the jet fan unit 4 and the flow guiding device 5.

[0046] In addition, the heat dissipation system includes a precast concrete sealing plate assembly 6, a flow guiding device 5, and a jet fan unit 4. The precast concrete sealing plate assembly 6 is attached to the tunnel face at the high-temperature water outlet point, and performs high-temperature water sealing and diversion. The flow guiding device 5 is arranged close to the precast concrete sealing plate assembly 6, and guides the hot air near the precast concrete sealing plate assembly 6. The jet fan unit 4 is arranged in multiple arrays along the tunnel length. The jet fan unit 4 receives the hot air guided by the flow guiding device 5 and discharges it outside the tunnel. A jet fan hanger 4-1 is installed on the jet fan unit 4. The jet fan unit 4 is fixed to the tunnel roof using the jet fan hanger 4-1. The model and arrangement of the jet fan unit 4 can be designed and selected according to the on-site air volume. It is usually arranged continuously, with the air inlet of the jet fan near the tunnel face connected in series with the dehumidification module.

[0047] Currently, jet fans are common equipment in highway tunnel ventilation systems. Suspended from the tunnel ceiling, these fans utilize the tunnel itself as an air duct. Based on the principle of impact transmission, a portion of the tunnel's total airflow is drawn in and ejected at high speed from the outlet. The change in driving force between the ejected airflow and the remaining air injects energy into the latter, pushing the tunnel air towards the outlet and drawing in air from the inlet. Installed within the tunnel cross-section, these fans do not occupy traffic space, require no special ventilation structures, and feature high airflow velocity, simple construction, easy installation, flexible layout, simple control, and low civil engineering costs. Industrial or household dehumidifiers, on the other hand, are primarily used in confined indoor spaces. They work by circulating water molecules in the air and then expelling dry air outside, thus dehumidifying and improving the indoor environment.

[0048] like Figure 2 As shown, the precast concrete sealing plate assembly 6 in this embodiment includes a precast concrete sealing plate 6-1 for sealing the outlet of high-temperature water, a precast concrete embedded guide pipe 6-2 that penetrates the precast concrete sealing plate 6-1 and guides the high-temperature water flow, and a guide pipe valve 6-3 installed on the precast concrete embedded guide pipe 6-2. The high-temperature water is discharged into a collection well or drainage ditch. At the outlet of the precast concrete embedded guide pipe 6-2, a large amount of hot air enters the air and is guided by the guide device 5.

[0049] like Figure 4 As shown, the flow guiding device 5 in this embodiment includes a flow guiding shroud 5-3, a flow guiding fan 5-1, flow guiding blades 5-2, and an air inlet; the flow guiding fan 5-1 is disposed inside the flow guiding shroud 5-3, draws in hot air from the air inlet, and discharges it from the flow guiding blades 5-2; the air inlet is disposed on the flow guiding shroud 5-3 and faces the precast concrete sealing plate assembly 6; the flow guiding blades 5-2 are disposed on the flow guiding shroud 5-3 and face the dehumidification system.

[0050] like Figure 3 As shown, the dehumidification system of this embodiment includes a fan 9, a heat exchanger 8, a compressor 7, and a casing 11 arranged sequentially along the direction of hot air flow; the fan 9 receives the hot air guided by the air guiding device 5; the casing 11 transmits the dehumidified hot air to the jet fan unit 4. A water container 10 is provided below the compressor 7.

[0051] The dehumidification system in this embodiment can also be called a dehumidifier, dryer, or dehumidifier module. It uses a copper tube-insulated aluminum fin heat exchanger on the air side. The fan is a high-performance, low-noise explosion-proof centrifugal fan, characterized by large air volume, high static pressure, low noise, stable operation, and reliable safety. The working principle of the dehumidification module heat exchanger is as follows: a high-power fan draws high-temperature, humid air into the machine. Through two hydrophilic devices (condenser and evaporator), water molecules in the air are condensed into water droplets. The water collection tray inside the machine is connected to a drain pipe to discharge the precipitated water. This cycle reduces the moisture content in the air while achieving a certain cooling effect. Afterward, the treated air is extracted from the tunnel by a jet fan, thus achieving the purpose of dehumidifying and removing heat from the high-temperature, high-humidity air at the working face of an extra-long tunnel excavation.

[0052] In addition, the dehumidification system in this embodiment can use General Air's unique gas phase purification technology, which has gas phase purification and composite filter functions. It effectively removes gaseous pollutants such as CO and sulfides from the air, as well as harmful gases such as corrosive gases and malodorous gases. The composite filter is a perfect combination of particulate matter filtration and gas phase filtration, which effectively removes particulate pollutants and gaseous pollutants.

[0053] In this embodiment, the dehumidification system can achieve a dehumidification rate of 150L / d (30℃RH80%), a temperature exchange rate of 63% / 67%, an enthalpy efficiency of 55% / 58%, and an operating ambient temperature of 5℃-80℃. It has protections against overheating, over-temperature, low temperature, and water overflow. The dehumidification module can also filter solid pollutants by removing and placing a high-efficiency composite (HAPE + activated carbon) filter to achieve air filtration. The dehumidification module adopts a total heat exchange core and efficiently recovers sensible and latent heat by adding refrigerant (refrigerant / addition amount: R407c / 0.5kg). The dehumidification module has an air outlet / supply vent diameter of 200mm×4. The dehumidification module has a built-in drain pump and a water level switch that cuts off power when the water is full, ensuring safe use.

[0054] Furthermore, the monitoring and control system of this embodiment includes an air quality sensor 12 installed at the inlet of the fan 9 for detecting hot air, a multi-functional monitoring element 13 installed on the rear side of the airflow guide device 5, and a main control computer 14 connected to the air quality sensor 12, the multi-functional monitoring element 13, the ventilation system, the heat exhaust system, and the dehumidification system. The air quality sensor 12, the multi-functional monitoring element 13, and the main control computer 14 are existing, mature components. The air quality sensor 12 is used to collect data on CO, CO2, VOC, dust concentration, temperature and humidity of the dehumidification and heat exhaust system, etc., while the multi-functional monitoring element 13 collects data on the wet-bulb temperature inside the tunnel, the flow rate of hot spring water, and the wind speed and volume at the tunnel face, etc.

[0055] In this embodiment, the main control industrial computer 14 can automatically start and stop the machine according to the air temperature / humidity monitoring in the tunnel. When the temperature is above 28℃ and the humidity is between 20% and 95%, the threshold can be set arbitrarily. When the set humidity threshold is reached, the machine will automatically start to dehumidify, truly achieving full automation while having an automatic fault detection function. If a fault occurs, the machine will automatically detect the cause and issue an alarm, which is convenient for maintenance.

[0056] With the help of ventilation fans and ducts, fresh air from outside the tunnel is delivered to the working face area. Meanwhile, the hot, humid, and polluted air is de-heated by the flow guiding device and the de-heating module and then discharged from the tunnel by the jet fan. After continuous circulation and replacement near the working face, convection is formed, which regulates the temperature and humidity near the working face to the range permitted by the regulations, thereby ensuring the health of workers.

[0057] The cooling system of the high-temperature and high-humidity long tunnel dehumidification and heat dissipation system in this embodiment mainly includes heat exchange between the ventilation air and the high-temperature tunnel face. The heat exchange area A is the unfolded area of ​​the tunnel cross-section perimeter U within the length L of the excavation section that needs to be cooled, and K... T Given an unsteady convective heat transfer coefficient, the axial heat dissipation Q1 from the tunnel perimeter rock wall can be written as:

[0058] Q1 = K T UL(T w -T f (1)

[0059] The cooling capacity of the jet fan can be calculated using the inlet and outlet air volumes according to formula (2), where the cooling capacity Q2 (unit: kW), air volume V (volume flow rate) = air velocity * duct cross-sectional area, H1 is the enthalpy value of the fresh air (kJ / kg) based on the fan outlet air temperature and relative humidity, and H2 is the enthalpy value of the tunnel temperature (kJ / kg) based on the fan inlet air temperature and relative humidity. The enthalpy value is also calculated using temperature T and humidity X according to formula (3):

[0060] Q2=V×(H1-H2)×10000×1.2 / 3600 (2)

[0061] H=X(2500+1.84T)+1.005T (3)

[0062] The dehumidification capacity of the dehumidification system in this embodiment, in kg / h (temperature °C, %RH), can be calculated according to formula (4):

[0063] W=ρ×(V1×V2)×(X1-X2)×C (4)

[0064] In the formula: ρ represents air density 1.2; V1 represents dehumidification space volume; V2 represents dehumidifier outlet volume; X1 represents air humidity before dehumidification; X2 represents air humidity after dehumidification; C represents safety factor 1.2.

[0065] In this embodiment, it is assumed that the tunnel clearance volume is fixed at 20m in front of the tunnel face, and the air volume of the dehumidifier is not less than this ambient volume × 6 air changes. Assuming the dehumidifier does not change the temperature, and the relative humidity in front of the tunnel face drops to 50%, the air volume within 10m in front of the tunnel face of a single-track railway tunnel is 32 * 10 * 6 = 1920 m³. 3 / h. Taking a wet-bulb temperature of 30℃ and a relative humidity of 80% as an example, the initial enthalpy value can be found in the table as 86.09 KJ / Kg, and the target enthalpy value as 64.71 KJ / Kg; the air moisture content of X1 at 95% RH and 18℃ is 0.013 (kg / kg dry air) and the air moisture content of X2 at 70% RH and 18℃ is 0.009 (kg / kg dry air) respectively.

[0066] like Figures 5 to 6 As shown, this embodiment is based on actual field test data of a single-track railway tunnel located at an altitude of 3000m in Linzhi area. Theoretical calculation methods were used to obtain the time-temperature curve of exhaust and ventilation in front of the tunnel face and the moisture content difference-dehumidification curve before and after exhaust. It can be seen that this technology can reliably exhaust hot air and ensure a good working environment in the tunnel.

[0067] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any changes made based on the design principles of the present invention, or any non-creative modifications made thereon, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dehumidification and heat dissipation system for a long, high-temperature and high-humidity tunnel, wherein at least one high-temperature water outlet is located at the tunnel face, characterized in that... The high-temperature and high-humidity long tunnel dehumidification and heat exhaust system includes: a ventilation system, a heat exhaust system, a dehumidification system, and a monitoring and control system; The ventilation system is laid out along the length of the tunnel and provides ventilation and oxygen supply to the tunnel face area; the heat exhaust system includes a precast concrete sealing plate assembly (6), a flow guiding device (5), and a jet fan unit (4); the precast concrete sealing plate assembly (6) is attached to the tunnel face at the high-temperature water outlet point and performs high-temperature water sealing and diversion; the flow guiding device (5) is laid close to the precast concrete sealing plate assembly (6) and guides the hot air near the precast concrete sealing plate assembly (6); the jet fan unit (4) Set up an array and lay it out along the tunnel length direction; the jet fan unit (4) gets the hot air guided by the flow guiding device (5) and discharges it to the outside of the tunnel; the dehumidification system is laid on the top of the tunnel arch and placed on the flow guiding path between the jet fan unit (4) and the flow guiding device (5) to dehumidify the hot air guided by the flow guiding device (5); the monitoring and control system is connected to the ventilation system, the heat exhaust system and the dehumidification system, and monitors the temperature and humidity of the area where the tunnel face is located as well as controls the ventilation system, the heat exhaust system and the dehumidification system; The precast concrete sealing plate assembly (6) includes a precast concrete sealing plate (6-1) for sealing the outlet of high temperature water, a precast concrete embedded guide pipe (6-2) that runs through the precast concrete sealing plate (6-1) and guides the flow of high temperature water, and a guide pipe valve (6-3) installed on the precast concrete embedded guide pipe (6-2). The flow guiding device (5) includes a flow guiding shroud (5-3), a flow guiding fan (5-1), flow guiding blades (5-2), and an air inlet; the flow guiding fan (5-1) is installed inside the flow guiding shroud (5-3), draws in hot air from the air inlet, and discharges it from the flow guiding blades (5-2); the air inlet is installed on the flow guiding shroud (5-3) and faces the precast concrete sealing plate assembly (6); the flow guiding blades (5-2) are installed on the flow guiding shroud (5-3) and face the dehumidification system.

2. The high-temperature, high-humidity, extra-long tunnel dehumidification and heat dissipation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ventilation system includes an axial flow fan (1), a ventilation pipe (2), and an air distributor (3) connected in sequence; the axial flow fan (1) is located outside the tunnel; the air outlet of the air distributor (3) is located at the rear end of the flow path between the jet fan unit (4) and the flow guiding device (5).

3. The high-temperature, high-humidity, extra-long tunnel dehumidification and heat dissipation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dehumidification system includes a fan (9), a heat exchanger (8), a compressor (7), and a casing (11) arranged sequentially along the direction of hot air flow; the fan (9) receives the hot air guided by the air guiding device (5); the casing (11) protects the dehumidification and heat dissipation system and transmits the dehumidified hot air to the jet fan unit (4).

4. The high-temperature, high-humidity, extra-long tunnel dehumidification and heat dissipation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The compressor (7) is equipped with a water container (10).

5. The high-temperature, high-humidity, extra-long tunnel dehumidification and heat dissipation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A jet fan hanger (4-1) is provided on the jet fan unit (4).

6. The high-temperature, high-humidity, extra-long tunnel dehumidification and heat dissipation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The monitoring and control system includes an air quality sensor (12) installed at the inlet of the fan (9) for detecting hot air.

7. The high-temperature, high-humidity, extra-long tunnel dehumidification and heat dissipation system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The monitoring and control system includes a multi-functional monitoring element (13) located on the rear side of the flow guide device (5), and a main control computer (14) connected to the air quality sensor (12), the multi-functional monitoring element (13), the ventilation system, the heat exhaust system and the dehumidification system.

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