A method and system for detecting the perpendicularity of a foundation structure

Abstract

The application relates to a foundation structure verticality detection method and system, and relates to the technical field of bridge foundation engineering construction, which comprises the following steps: when a foundation structure is in a hoisting vertical state, the coordinates of preset control points on the foundation structure and a first inclination angle of the foundation structure are obtained; a deflection angle of the foundation structure relative to a theoretical plumb direction is calculated based on the coordinates; a second inclination angle corresponding to the plumb state of the foundation structure is calculated based on the first inclination angle and the deflection angle; in the process of lowering the foundation structure to a design elevation, a third inclination angle of the foundation structure is obtained; and the verticality of the foundation structure after lowering is calculated according to the second inclination angle and the third inclination angle. The application realizes accurate detection of the verticality of the foundation structure by obtaining the inclination angles measured and calculated and the deflection angle of the foundation structure in different states, provides data support for measures taken for the verticality adjustment of the foundation structure, and guarantees the construction quality of the bridge foundation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of bridge foundation engineering construction technology, and in particular to a method and system for detecting the verticality of a foundation structure. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of the bridge industry, the increasing span of bridges has led to a greater variety of structural forms and scales for bridge foundations, resulting in increasingly stringent construction technical standards. Bridge foundations are crucial for ensuring the safety of bridge projects; therefore, their construction quality directly affects the strength, stiffness, stability, durability, and safety of the bridge. Verticality control of bridge foundations is one of the important construction technical indicators. However, currently, during the construction of various bridge foundations, only the verticality of the trench is typically tested and evaluated (such as for bored piles and diaphragm walls), while the verticality of the foundation structure itself is rarely tested and evaluated. However, the quality of foundation construction requires not only accurate trenching but also the verticality of the rigid framework of the foundation structure itself, which is crucial for ensuring foundation quality. Furthermore, the installation of foundation structures such as bored pile reinforcement cages, diaphragm wall reinforcement cages, and rigid joints typically employs hoisting and lowering methods. The foundation structure is often prone to deviations from the ideal plumb line state due to its own cross-sectional asymmetry or eccentricity of the hoisting equipment, meaning the verticality of the foundation structure may not meet construction requirements. Therefore, if the verticality of the foundation structure that does not meet the construction requirements is not tested and corrected, it may affect the quality of foundation construction and thus fail to guarantee the safety of the bridge.

[0003] Therefore, how to effectively detect the verticality of basic structures has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a method and system for detecting the verticality of a foundation structure, thereby ensuring the construction quality of the bridge foundation.

[0005] Firstly, a method for detecting the verticality of a basic structure is provided, including:

[0006] When the foundation structure is in a vertical hoisting state, obtain the coordinates of the preset control points on the foundation structure and the first tilt angle of the foundation structure;

[0007] The deflection angle of the basic structure relative to the theoretical plumb line is calculated based on the coordinates.

[0008] Calculate the second tilt angle corresponding to the basic structure when it is in a plumb state based on the first tilt angle and the deflection angle;

[0009] During the process of lowering the basic structure to the design elevation, the third inclination angle of the basic structure is obtained;

[0010] Calculate the verticality of the foundation structure after it is lowered based on the second and third tilt angles.

[0011] In some embodiments, obtaining the coordinates of preset control points on the foundation structure and the first tilt angle of the foundation structure includes:

[0012] The coordinates of preset control points on the basic structure are obtained by measuring with a total station.

[0013] The first tilt angle of the foundation structure is obtained by using a bidirectional inclinometer fixed to the foundation structure.

[0014] In some embodiments, the axis of the bidirectional inclinometer is perpendicular to the xoy plane formed by the cross-section of the base structure, and the two measuring directions of the bidirectional inclinometer are in the same direction as the x and y directions of the xoy plane, respectively.

[0015] In some embodiments, when the total station is in measurement mode, the xoy measurement coordinates of the total station coincide with the xoy coordinates of the xoy plane.

[0016] In some embodiments, calculating the second tilt angle corresponding to the foundation structure being in a plumb state based on the first tilt angle and the deflection angle includes:

[0017] Substituting the first tilt angle and the deflection angle into the first calculation formula, the second tilt angle corresponding to the basic structure being in a plumb state is obtained. The first calculation formula is:

[0018]

[0019] In the formula, Indicates the second tilt angle in the x-direction. This represents the second tilt angle in the y-direction. Indicates the first tilt angle in the x-direction. θ represents the first tilt angle in the y-direction. x′ θ represents the deflection angle in the x-direction. y′ This indicates the deflection angle in the y-direction.

[0020] Secondly, a basic structure verticality detection system is provided, including: an acquisition module and a calculation module;

[0021] The acquisition module is used to acquire the coordinates of preset control points on the foundation structure and the first tilt angle of the foundation structure when the foundation structure is in a hoisted vertical state.

[0022] The calculation module is used to calculate the deflection angle of the basic structure relative to the theoretical plumb line based on the coordinates; and to calculate the second tilt angle corresponding to the basic structure when it is in a plumb line state based on the first tilt angle and the deflection angle.

[0023] The acquisition module is also used to acquire the third inclination angle of the basic structure during the process of lowering the basic structure to the design elevation;

[0024] The calculation module is also used to calculate the verticality of the foundation structure after it is lowered, based on the second tilt angle and the third tilt angle.

[0025] In some embodiments, the acquisition module is specifically used for:

[0026] The coordinates of preset control points on the basic structure are obtained by measuring with a total station.

[0027] The first tilt angle of the foundation structure is obtained by using a bidirectional inclinometer fixed to the foundation structure.

[0028] In some embodiments, the axis of the bidirectional inclinometer is perpendicular to the xoy plane formed by the cross-section of the base structure, and the two measuring directions of the bidirectional inclinometer are in the same direction as the x and y directions of the xoy plane, respectively.

[0029] In some embodiments, when the total station is in measurement mode, the xoy measurement coordinates of the total station coincide with the xoy coordinates of the xoy plane.

[0030] In some embodiments, the computing module is specifically used for:

[0031] Substituting the first tilt angle and the deflection angle into the first calculation formula, the second tilt angle corresponding to the basic structure being in a plumb state is obtained. The first calculation formula is:

[0032]

[0033] In the formula, Indicates the second tilt angle in the x-direction. This represents the second tilt angle in the y-direction. Indicates the first tilt angle in the x-direction. θ represents the first tilt angle in the y-direction. x′ θ represents the deflection angle in the x-direction. y′ This indicates the deflection angle in the y-direction.

[0034] This application provides a method and system for detecting the verticality of a foundation structure. The method includes: acquiring the coordinates of preset control points on the foundation structure and its first inclination angle when the foundation structure is in a vertically hoisted state; calculating the deflection angle of the foundation structure relative to the theoretical plumb line based on the coordinates; calculating the second inclination angle corresponding to the foundation structure in a plumb line state based on the first inclination angle and the deflection angle; acquiring the third inclination angle of the foundation structure during its lowering to the design elevation; and calculating the verticality of the foundation structure after lowering based on the second and third inclination angles. This application achieves accurate detection of the verticality of the foundation structure by acquiring the measured inclination angles and calculated inclination and deflection angles corresponding to the foundation structure in different states. This provides data support for measures taken to adjust the verticality of the foundation structure, thereby ensuring the construction quality of the bridge foundation. Attached Figure Description

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0036] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the method for detecting the verticality of a basic structure provided in this application embodiment;

[0037] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the layout of preset control points and bidirectional inclinometers on the basic structure provided in this application embodiment;

[0038] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the xoy plane formed by the cross sections of the basic structure provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the x-direction data of the basic structure provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the y-direction data of the basic structure provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0042] This application provides a method and system for detecting the verticality of a foundation structure, thereby ensuring the construction quality of the bridge foundation.

[0043] See Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this application provides a method for detecting the verticality of a basic structure, including the following steps:

[0044] Step S10: When the foundation structure is in the vertical hoisting state, obtain the coordinates of the preset control points on the foundation structure and the first tilt angle of the foundation structure;

[0045] Specifically, obtaining the coordinates of preset control points on the basic structure and the first tilt angle of the basic structure includes:

[0046] The coordinates of preset control points on the basic structure are obtained by measuring with a total station.

[0047] The first inclination angle of the foundation structure is obtained by a bidirectional inclinometer fixed to the foundation structure. The axis of the bidirectional inclinometer is perpendicular to the xoy plane formed by the cross-section of the foundation structure, and the two measurement directions of the bidirectional inclinometer are in the same direction as the x and y directions of the xoy plane, respectively. When the total station is in measurement mode, the xoy measurement coordinates of the total station coincide with the xoy coordinates of the xoy plane.

[0048] As an example, it is understandable that, for hoisted rigid underground foundation structures, during the construction process, specialized reflective plates can be placed at three points—upper, middle, and lower—along the axis of the foundation structure to form three pre-set control points. Simultaneously, a bidirectional inclinometer can be installed to measure the tilt angle of the foundation structure. For example, see... Figure 2 As shown, reflector A, bidirectional inclinometer M, reflector B, and reflector C are installed at a distance of L / 6, where L represents the length of the foundation structure, which is also the height of the foundation structure when it is in a vertical position. It should be noted that the number of preset control points can be determined according to actual needs and is not limited here.

[0049] It should be understood that the cross-section of the basic structure is a two-dimensional plane; therefore, see [link / reference needed]. Figure 3 As shown, the cross-section of the foundation structure can be defined as the xoy plane. When installing the bidirectional inclinometer, its axis should be perpendicular to the xoy plane, and the two directions it measures should be in the same direction as the x and y directions. It should be noted that not only a bidirectional inclinometer can be used to measure the tilt angle of a foundation structure, but any other measuring tool capable of measuring the tilt angle of a foundation structure can also be used; no limitation is made here.

[0050] Understandably, the foundation structure needs to be lifted vertically before being lowered. Ideally, when the foundation structure is vertical, its cross-section will be perfectly vertical in the x and y directions. However, in actual construction, the asymmetry of the foundation structure's cross-section and the lifting equipment will cause deviations from this vertical alignment. Therefore, see... Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, when the foundation structure is in a vertically hoisted state, this embodiment will use a total station to measure and obtain the coordinates of reflective patch A as (x1, y1, z1), reflective patch B as (x2, y2, z2), and reflective patch C as (x3, y3, z3); ​​simultaneously, by reading the readings of a bidirectional inclinometer fixed to the foundation structure, the first inclination angle of the foundation structure in the x-direction will be obtained. and the first tilt angle in the y direction

[0051] When using a total station for measurement, its placement must ensure that the xoy coordinates it sets coincide with the xoy coordinates of the foundation structure's cross-section. It should be noted that the coordinates of the reflective pad can be obtained using a total station, or any other measuring tool capable of coordinate measurement; no limitation is made here.

[0052] Step S20: Calculate the deflection angle of the basic structure relative to the theoretical plumb line based on the coordinates;

[0053] As an example, in this embodiment, the coordinates (x1, y1, z1), (x2, y2, z2), and (x3, y3, z3) of the three reflective pads are substituted into the following formula to calculate the deflection angle of the base structure relative to the theoretical plumb line direction (i.e., the angle between the two directions of the base structure and the ideal plumb line direction when the base structure is in a vertical position before being lowered):

[0054]

[0055] In the formula, θ x′ θ represents the deflection angle in the x-direction. y′ This indicates the deflection angle in the y-direction.

[0056] Step S30: Calculate the second tilt angle corresponding to the foundation structure when it is in a plumb state based on the first tilt angle and the deflection angle;

[0057] Specifically, the calculation of the second tilt angle corresponding to the foundation structure being in a plumb state based on the first tilt angle and the deflection angle includes:

[0058] Substituting the first tilt angle and the deflection angle into the first calculation formula, the second tilt angle corresponding to the basic structure being in a plumb state is obtained. The first calculation formula is:

[0059]

[0060] In the formula, Indicates the second tilt angle in the x-direction. This represents the second tilt angle in the y-direction. Indicates the first tilt angle in the x-direction. θ represents the first tilt angle in the y-direction. x′ θ represents the deflection angle in the x-direction. y′ This indicates the deflection angle in the y-direction.

[0061] Exemplary, in this embodiment, by means of a first tilt angle and deflection angle θ x′ and θ y′ The second tilt angle corresponding to the basic structure being in a plumb state was calculated, that is... θ x′ and θ y′ Substituting into the following calculation formula, we obtain the second tilt angle in the x-direction corresponding to the basic structure being in a plumb state. And the second tilt angle in the y direction

[0062]

[0063] Step S40: During the process of lowering the foundation structure to the design elevation, obtain the third inclination angle of the foundation structure;

[0064] As an example, in this embodiment, after the foundation structure is lowered, the hoisting and lowering process of the foundation structure and the corresponding inclination angle when it is lowered to the design elevation are determined. That is, after the foundation structure is hoisted and lowered to the design elevation, the third inclination angle in the x-direction corresponding to the foundation structure after it is lowered into place can be obtained by reading the reading of the bidirectional inclinometer fixed on the foundation structure. And the third tilt angle in the y direction

[0065] Step S50: Calculate the verticality of the foundation structure after it is lowered based on the second tilt angle and the third tilt angle.

[0066] As an example, in this embodiment, the second tilt angle in the x-direction corresponding to the basic structure being in a plumb state is obtained. and the second tilt angle in the y direction And the third tilt angle in the x-direction corresponding to the basic structure after it has been lowered into place. And the third tilt angle in the y direction Then, substituting the above tilt angle into the following calculation formula, the actual deflection angle θ of the foundation structure in the x-direction can be obtained. x And the actual deflection angle θ in the y direction y :

[0067]

[0068] It should be understood that the deflection angle θ x and θ y It characterizes the verticality of the basic structure, and only when θ x and θ y When both θ and θ are equal to 0, it indicates that the basic structure is in an ideal plumb bob state; while when θ and θ are equal to 0, it indicates that the basic structure is in an ideal plumb bob state. x and θ y If at least one of the values ​​is not equal to 0, it indicates that there is a deviation between the verticality of the foundation structure and the ideal plumb line state. In this case, it can be determined according to θ. x and θ y The value is corrected for deviations from the ideal plumb line state caused by cross-sectional asymmetry or eccentricity of the lifting equipment, i.e., through θ. x and θ y The value is used to adjust the posture of the basic structure to meet the specifications or design requirements.

[0069] The present application will now be described in detail through a specific embodiment.

[0070] In this embodiment, the basic structure is designed with a height L of 27m. A high-precision fixed inclinometer is selected for the bidirectional inclinometer, with a measurement accuracy of 0.01° and a resolution of 0.001°.

[0071] The construction process specifically includes the following steps:

[0072] During the construction of the basic structure, a total station was used for layout. Three special reflective pads and a bidirectional inclinometer were placed at the corresponding positions on the axis of the basic structure. The coordinates of the three reflective pads were measured when the basic structure was in a vertical and static state before hoisting and lowering. See Table 1 for details.

[0073] Table 1 Reflective Patch Coordinates

[0074] Reflective sticker A Reflective sticker B Reflective sticker C x 24.4822 24.6638 24.8395 y -0.0091 -0.0053 -0.0017 z 22.5015 13.5033 4.5051

[0075] Substituting the measurement data in Table 1 into Equation (1), and referring to Table 2, we obtain the deflection angle between the foundation structure and the theoretical plumb bob state. At the same time, we read the data from the bidirectional inclinometer to obtain the first inclination angle. Substituting the above two into Equation (2), we obtain the second inclination angle corresponding to the foundation structure when it is in the theoretical plumb bob state. When the foundation structure is lowered to the design elevation, we read the inclinometer data again to obtain the third inclination angle of the foundation structure. Substituting the second and third inclination angles into Equation (3), we can obtain the verticality of the foundation structure.

[0076] Table 2 Angle Data

[0077]

[0078] Therefore, after the basic structure is lowered to the design elevation, the verticality of the basic structure can be assessed by the actual deflection angle to determine whether it meets the requirements. If it does not meet the design or specification requirements, the deflection direction of the structure can be determined by the inclinometer reading, and targeted adjustment measures can be taken to meet the design or specification requirements.

[0079] This application embodiment also provides a basic structure verticality detection system, including: an acquisition module and a calculation module;

[0080] The acquisition module is used to acquire the coordinates of preset control points on the foundation structure and the first tilt angle of the foundation structure when the foundation structure is in a hoisted vertical state.

[0081] The calculation module is used to calculate the deflection angle of the basic structure relative to the theoretical plumb line based on the coordinates; and to calculate the second tilt angle corresponding to the basic structure when it is in a plumb line state based on the first tilt angle and the deflection angle.

[0082] The acquisition module is also used to acquire the third inclination angle of the basic structure during the process of lowering the basic structure to the design elevation;

[0083] The calculation module is also used to calculate the verticality of the foundation structure after it is lowered, based on the second tilt angle and the third tilt angle.

[0084] Furthermore, the acquisition module is specifically used for:

[0085] The coordinates of preset control points on the basic structure are obtained by measuring with a total station.

[0086] The first tilt angle of the foundation structure is obtained by using a bidirectional inclinometer fixed to the foundation structure.

[0087] Furthermore, the axis of the bidirectional inclinometer is perpendicular to the xoy plane formed by the cross-section of the basic structure, and the two measuring directions of the bidirectional inclinometer are in the same direction as the x and y directions of the xoy plane, respectively.

[0088] Furthermore, when the total station is in measurement mode, the xoy measurement coordinates of the total station coincide with the xoy coordinates of the xoy plane.

[0089] Furthermore, the calculation module is specifically used for:

[0090] Substituting the first tilt angle and the deflection angle into the first calculation formula, the second tilt angle corresponding to the basic structure being in a plumb state is obtained. The first calculation formula is:

[0091]

[0092] In the formula, Indicates the second tilt angle in the x-direction. This represents the second tilt angle in the y-direction. Indicates the first tilt angle in the x-direction. θ represents the first tilt angle in the y-direction. x′ θ represents the deflection angle in the x-direction. y′ This indicates the deflection angle in the y-direction.

[0093] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0094] It should be noted that in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0095] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the verticality of a basic structure, characterized in that, include: When the foundation structure is in a vertical hoisting state, obtain the coordinates of the preset control points on the foundation structure and the first tilt angle of the foundation structure; The deflection angle of the basic structure relative to the theoretical vertical direction is calculated based on the coordinates. Calculate the second tilt angle corresponding to the basic structure when it is in a vertical state based on the first tilt angle and the deflection angle; During the process of lowering the basic structure to the design elevation, the third inclination angle of the basic structure is obtained, which is obtained by reading data from a bidirectional inclinometer. Calculate the verticality of the foundation structure after it is lowered based on the second and third tilt angles. The step of obtaining the coordinates of preset control points on the basic structure and the first tilt angle of the basic structure includes: The coordinates of preset control points on the basic structure are obtained by measuring with a total station. The first tilt angle of the foundation structure is obtained by using a bidirectional inclinometer fixed to the foundation structure.

2. The method for detecting the verticality of a basic structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The axis of the bidirectional inclinometer is perpendicular to the xoy plane formed by the cross-section of the foundation structure, and the two measuring directions of the bidirectional inclinometer are respectively perpendicular to the xoy plane. x direction and y The directions are the same.

3. The method for detecting the verticality of a basic structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that: When the total station is in measurement mode, the xoy measurement coordinates of the total station coincide with the xoy coordinates of the xoy plane.

4. The method for detecting the verticality of a basic structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of the second tilt angle corresponding to the foundation structure being in a vertical state based on the first tilt angle and the deflection angle includes: Substituting the first tilt angle and the deflection angle into the first calculation formula, the second tilt angle corresponding to the basic structure being in a vertical state is obtained. The first calculation formula is: In the formula, express x The second tilt angle of the direction, express y The second tilt angle of the direction, express x The first tilt angle of the direction, express y The first tilt angle of the direction, express x The angle of deflection of direction, express y The angle of deflection of the direction.

5. A system for detecting the verticality of a basic structure, characterized in that, include: Acquisition module and calculation module; The acquisition module is used to acquire the coordinates of preset control points on the foundation structure and the first tilt angle of the foundation structure when the foundation structure is in a hoisted vertical state. The calculation module is used to calculate the deflection angle of the basic structure relative to the theoretical vertical direction based on the coordinates; and to calculate the second tilt angle corresponding to the basic structure when it is in a vertical state based on the first tilt angle and the deflection angle. The acquisition module is also used to acquire the third inclination angle of the foundation structure during the process of lowering the foundation structure to the design elevation. The third inclination angle is obtained by reading data from a bidirectional inclinometer. The calculation module is also used to calculate the verticality of the foundation structure after it is lowered based on the second tilt angle and the third tilt angle. Specifically, the acquisition module is used for: The coordinates of preset control points on the basic structure are obtained by measuring with a total station. The first tilt angle of the foundation structure is obtained by using a bidirectional inclinometer fixed to the foundation structure.

6. The basic structure verticality detection system as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The axis of the bidirectional inclinometer is perpendicular to the xoy plane formed by the cross-section of the foundation structure, and the two measuring directions of the bidirectional inclinometer are respectively perpendicular to the xoy plane. x direction and y The directions are the same.

7. The basic structure verticality detection system as described in claim 6, characterized in that: When the total station is in measurement mode, the xoy measurement coordinates of the total station coincide with the xoy coordinates of the xoy plane.

8. The basic structure verticality detection system as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The calculation module is specifically used for: Substituting the first tilt angle and the deflection angle into the first calculation formula, the second tilt angle corresponding to the basic structure being in a vertical state is obtained. The first calculation formula is: In the formula, express x The second tilt angle of the direction, express y The second tilt angle of the direction, express x The first tilt angle of the direction, express y The first tilt angle of the direction, express x The angle of deflection of direction, express y The angle of deflection of the direction.

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