A corn straw returning and processing device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a corn straw returning processing device, which includes a returning box and a material picking and crushing chamber, a secondary crushing chamber, a soil collection chamber, and a returning chamber located inside the returning box. The material picking and crushing chamber is located at the front end inside the returning box, the soil collection chamber is located behind the material picking and crushing chamber, the secondary crushing chamber is located above the middle between the material picking and crushing chamber and the soil collection chamber, and the returning chamber is located at the rear end inside the returning box. Through the material picking and crushing chamber and the secondary crushing chamber, the straw is picked and crushed, so as to crush the straw into smaller straw pieces, which is convenient for the rapid decomposition and transportation of the straw. The upper layer of soil is broken by the conical crushing roller, and then the returning chamber is used to cover the crushed soil above the crushed straw. On the one hand, it can prevent the crushed straw from floating randomly with the wind and polluting the environment. On the other hand, it can reduce the dust generated during the straw returning process and ensure the cleanliness of the working environment of the staff.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of equipment related to returning straw to fields, in particular to a device for processing returning corn straw to fields. Background Art

[0002] Returning straw to the field is a measure to return straw to the field. It is a measure to improve soil fertility and increase production that is widely valued in the world. It not only eliminates the air pollution caused by straw burning, but also has the effect of increasing fertilizer and production. Returning straw to the field can increase soil organic matter, improve soil structure, make the soil loose, increase porosity, reduce capacity, and promote microbial activity and the development of crop roots. Returning straw to the field has a significant effect on increasing fertilizer and production, generally increasing production by 5%-10%.

[0003] In the patent with application number CN201810938929.7, the present invention discloses a landfill device for returning corn straw to the field, comprising: a bracket; a material picker, which comprises a feeding channel with an opening at the lower end, a fan, a material picking motor and a baffle for driving the fan to rotate; a crusher, which has a drop pipe with an opening at the lower end; a landfiller, which comprises a driving shaft connected to a power device, a first driving gear connected to both ends of the driving shaft, a second driving gear meshing with the first driving gear, a driving wheel coaxially arranged on the second driving gear, a driven wheel, a digging belt matched with the driving wheel and the driven wheel, a first support arm, a second support arm connected to the first support arm, a hydraulic cylinder arranged on the bracket and a digging roller driven and connected between the driven wheels. The present invention uses the digging roller to dig deep soil to form a gap, so that the crushed straw falls into the gap, avoiding the straw from lifting the upper soil and affecting the planting effect. However, this solution can only be used for deep landfill of straw, using a large amount of soil to landfill the straw, but cannot be used for the upper layer of soil covered after the straw is crushed.

[0004] However, most existing straw return equipment crushes the straw directly above the soil, and after the straw is completely crushed, it is turned under the soil by deep plowing for returning to the field. A lot of dust will be generated during the straw crushing process, and the crushed straw will cover the ground and easily blow in the wind, seriously affecting the working environment of the staff. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the invention is to solve the problem that a large amount of dust is generated when the straw is crushed during the existing straw returning process, and the crushed straw is easily blown by the wind. A corn straw returning processing device is designed.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A corn straw returning processing device includes a returning box and a material picking and crushing chamber, a secondary crushing chamber, a soil collection chamber, and a returning chamber located inside the returning box. The material picking and crushing chamber is located at the front end inside the returning box. The soil collection chamber is located behind the material picking and crushing chamber. The secondary crushing chamber is located above the middle between the material picking and crushing chamber and the soil collection chamber. The returning chamber is located at the rear end inside the returning box.

[0008] The returning chamber includes a soil conveying rotating cylinder installed at the center of the returning chamber, conveying baffles installed on the soil conveying rotating cylinder, a long arc-shaped return channel sleeved on the soil conveying rotating cylinder, an arc-shaped baffle installed on the front side of the soil conveying rotating cylinder, and an inverted J-shaped baffle installed at the lower end of the arc-shaped baffle. The conveying baffles are evenly distributed on the soil conveying rotating cylinder. The arc angle of the inner diameter of the long arc-shaped return channel is 225°. The lower end of the long arc-shaped return channel is a vertical opening. The inner diameter of the arc-shaped baffle is the same as the inner diameter of the long arc-shaped return channel.

[0009] The soil collection chamber includes a soil crushing cylinder located at the front end inside the soil collection chamber, conical crushing rollers installed on the soil crushing cylinder, a soil collection cylinder located at the rear end inside the soil collection chamber, and collection baffles installed on the soil collection cylinder. The conical crushing rollers are evenly and staggeredly distributed on the soil crushing cylinder. A crushing opening is formed below the front end of the soil collection chamber. The conical crushing rollers extend outside the crushing opening. A corner-shaped material picking plate one is installed at the lower end inside the crushing opening.

[0010] Further, the material picking and crushing chamber includes a material picking cylinder located at the center inside the material picking and crushing chamber, and material picking blades installed on the material picking cylinder. The material picking blades are evenly distributed on the material picking shaft. The material picking blades are spirally distributed. A material picking opening is formed below the front end of the material picking and crushing chamber. A corner-shaped material picking plate two is installed at the lower end inside the material picking opening. A pressing seat is installed at the upper end outside the material picking opening.

[0011] Further, the secondary crushing chamber includes a secondary crushing cylinder located at the center of the secondary crushing chamber, cutting blades one installed on the secondary crushing cylinder, and cutting blades two installed inside the secondary crushing chamber. The cutting edges of the cutting blades one face the cutting edges of the cutting blades two. The cutting blades one and the cutting blades two are spirally distributed and staggeredly distributed.

[0012] Further, the secondary crushing chamber is connected to the material picking and crushing chamber through a straw conveying cylinder one. The straw conveying cylinder one is tangent to the material picking and crushing chamber. The secondary crushing chamber is connected to the long arc-shaped return channel through a straw conveying cylinder two. The straw conveying cylinder two is tangent to the secondary crushing chamber.

[0013] Further, a soil conveying cylinder is installed at the rear end of the soil collection chamber. The soil conveying cylinder is tangent to the soil collection chamber. One end of the soil conveying cylinder is connected to the arc-shaped baffle and the second straw conveying cylinder. The connection between the soil conveying cylinder and the second straw conveying cylinder is in a circular arc transition.

[0014] Further, several blowing turbines are provided on one side of the soil conveying cylinder. The several blowing turbines are connected by a turbine shaft. The blowing turbines are fixedly connected to the soil conveying cylinder. A blowing pipe is installed at the air outlet end of the blowing turbine. An inclined blowing pipe is installed on the blowing pipe. The inclined blowing pipe is fixedly connected to the second straw conveying cylinder. The included angle between the inclined blowing pipe and the second straw conveying cylinder is 15°. A filter screen plate is installed inside the inclined blowing pipe.

[0015] Further, the lower end of the inverted J-shaped baffle is bent backward with a certain curvature. The lower surface of the inverted J-shaped baffle is on the same horizontal plane as the first angle-shaped material collecting plate.

[0016] Further, the second angle-shaped material collecting plate is on the same horizontal plane as the lowermost end of the long arc-shaped return channel.

[0017] Further, the soil conveying rotating cylinder, the soil crushing cylinder, the soil collection cylinder, the material collecting cylinder, the secondary crushing cylinder and the blowing turbines are driven by the cooperation of gears and chains. The rotation directions of the soil conveying rotating cylinder and the secondary crushing cylinder are clockwise. The rotation directions of the soil crushing cylinder, the soil collection cylinder, the material collecting cylinder and the blowing turbines are counterclockwise.

[0018] A corn straw returning and processing device manufactured by using the technical scheme of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] In this device, through the material collecting and crushing chamber and the secondary crushing chamber, the straw is collected and crushed, so as to crush the straw into smaller straw blocks, which is convenient for the rapid decomposition of the straw, improves the decomposition efficiency of the straw, and is also convenient for the conveying of the straw.

[0020] In this device, the upper-layer soil is broken by the conical crushing roller, and then collected by the collection baffle. Then, through the returning chamber, the crushed straw and the broken soil are respectively conveyed, so that the broken soil covers the crushed straw, avoiding the exposure of the straw. On the one hand, it can prevent the crushed straw from floating randomly with the wind and polluting the environment. On the other hand, it can reduce the dust during the straw returning process and ensure the cleanliness of the working environment of the staff.

[0021] Compared with the existing landfill straw returning equipment, this device utilizes the structure of the returning chamber to simply cover the shredded straw with the upper soil. Since the soil is broken shallowly, it will not affect the straw returning efficiency. Instead, it is roughly the same as the working efficiency of the existing straw crushing equipment, thus ensuring the efficiency of straw returning. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a corn straw returning and processing device according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the returning box according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the returning chamber according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the soil collection chamber according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the secondary crushing chamber according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 is the front view of the returning box according to the present invention;

[0028] In the figure, 1, returning box; 2, picking and crushing chamber; 3, secondary crushing chamber; 4, soil collection chamber; 5, returning chamber; 6, soil conveying rotating cylinder; 7, conveying baffle; 8, long arc-shaped return channel; 9, arc-shaped baffle; 10, inverted J-shaped baffle; 11, soil crushing cylinder; 12, conical crushing roller; 13, soil collection cylinder; 14, collection baffle; 15, crushing opening; 16, angle-shaped picking plate one; 17, picking cylinder; 18, picking blade; 19, picking opening; 20, angle-shaped picking plate two; 21, pressing seat; 22, secondary crushing cylinder; 23, cutting blade one; 24, cutting blade two; 25, straw conveying cylinder one; 26, straw conveying cylinder two; 27, soil conveying cylinder; 28, blowing turbine; 29, blowing pipe; 30, inclined blowing pipe; 31, filter mesh plate. Embodiment

[0029] The present invention will be specifically described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, as Figure 1-6 shown.

[0030] The creative point of this solution lies in the following structural design:

[0031] Combined with the attached Figure 1 and 3, the soil returning chamber includes a soil conveying rotating cylinder 6 installed at the center of the soil returning chamber, a conveying baffle 7 installed on the soil conveying rotating cylinder, a long arc-shaped return channel 8 sleeved on the soil conveying rotating cylinder, an arc-shaped baffle 9 installed on the front side of the soil conveying rotating cylinder, and an inverted J-shaped baffle 10 installed at the lower end of the arc-shaped baffle. The conveying baffles are evenly distributed on the soil conveying rotating cylinder. The arc angle of the inner diameter of the long arc-shaped return channel is 225°. The lower end of the long arc-shaped return channel is a vertical opening. The inner diameter of the arc-shaped baffle is the same as that of the long arc-shaped return channel. Through the long arc-shaped return channel 8, on the one hand, it can convey the crushed small straws, and on the other hand, the lower end of the long arc-shaped return channel 8 tilts upward at a certain angle, which can level the covered soil so that the soil can be evenly covered on the crushed straws. Through the cooperation of the long arc-shaped return channel 8 and the soil conveying rotating cylinder 6, the soil can be located above the straw, which is beneficial to the soil to simply cover the crushed straw.

[0032] Combined with the attached Figure 1 and 4 , the soil collection chamber includes a soil crushing cylinder 11 located at the front end inside the soil collection chamber, a conical crushing roller 12 installed on the soil crushing cylinder, a soil collection cylinder 13 located at the rear end inside the soil collection chamber, and a collection baffle 14 installed on the soil collection cylinder. The conical crushing rollers are evenly and staggeredly distributed on the soil crushing cylinder. A crushing opening 15 is opened below the front end of the soil collection chamber. The conical crushing rollers extend outside the crushing opening, and an angular material collecting plate 16 is installed at the lower end inside the crushing opening. By using the conical crushing roller 12, the upper layer of soil can be crushed. By using the soil collection cylinder 13 and the collection baffle 14, the soil can be conveyed so that the soil can be conveyed into the soil returning chamber 5, which is convenient for the backfill of the soil. The angular material collecting plate 16 can collect the crushed soil.

[0033] Combined with the attached Figure 1 and 5, the picking and crushing chamber includes a picking cylinder 17 located at the center inside the picking and crushing chamber, and picking blades 18 installed on the picking cylinder. The picking blades are evenly distributed on the picking shaft and are spirally distributed. A picking opening 19 is formed below the front end of the picking and crushing chamber. An angular picking plate two 20 is installed at the lower end inside the picking opening, and a pressing seat 21 is installed at the upper end outside the picking opening. Through the picking opening 19, the straw can smoothly enter the picking cylinder 17. By the rotation of the picking blades 18, on the one hand, the straw can be preliminarily crushed, and on the other hand, by the rotation of the picking blades 18, the straw can be pushed through the first straw conveying cylinder 25 into the secondary crushing chamber 3 for secondary crushing. The pressing seat 21 can ensure that the straw is stably located in the picking opening 19, thus avoiding the straw being pushed by the returning box 1 and affecting the collection and crushing of the straw. The angular picking plate two 20 can collect the straw and facilitate the straw to enter the picking and crushing chamber 2;

[0034] Combined with the attached Figure 1 and 5 , the secondary crushing chamber includes a secondary crushing cylinder 22 located at the center of the secondary crushing chamber, cutting blades one 23 installed on the secondary crushing cylinder, and cutting blades two 24 installed inside the secondary crushing chamber. The cutting edge of the cutting blade one faces the cutting edge of the cutting blade two. The cutting blade one and the cutting blade two are spirally distributed and staggered; through the setting of the cutting blade one 23 and the cutting blade two 24, the straw can be crushed more thoroughly, and at the same time, the power generated by the rotation of the cutting blade one 23 can be used to convey the crushed straw through the second straw conveying cylinder 26 to the returning field chamber 5;

[0035] In this device, the secondary crushing chamber is connected to the picking and crushing chamber through the first straw conveying cylinder 25. The first straw conveying cylinder is tangent to the picking and crushing chamber. The secondary crushing chamber is connected to the long arc-shaped return channel through the second straw conveying cylinder 26. The second straw conveying cylinder is tangent to the secondary crushing chamber; by using the smoothness of the inner wall, the smooth conveying of the straw can be ensured and the conveying resistance can be reduced.

[0036] In this device, a soil conveying cylinder 27 is installed at the rear end of the soil collection chamber. The soil conveying cylinder is tangent to the soil collection chamber. One end of the soil conveying cylinder is connected to the arc-shaped baffle and the second straw conveying cylinder. The connection between the soil conveying cylinder and the second straw conveying cylinder is in an arc transition; by using the smoothness of the inner wall, the smooth conveying of the soil can be ensured and the conveying resistance can be reduced.

[0037] In this device, several blowing turbines 28 are provided on one side of the soil conveying cylinder. The several blowing turbines are connected by a turbine shaft. The blowing turbines are fixedly connected to the soil conveying cylinder. The air outlet end of the blowing turbine is equipped with a blowing pipe 29. An inclined blowing pipe 30 is installed on the blowing pipe. The inclined blowing pipe is fixedly connected to the second straw conveying cylinder. The included angle between the inclined blowing pipe and the straw conveying cylinder is 15°. A filter screen plate 31 is installed inside the inclined blowing pipe; it can assist in the conveying of the crushed straw to ensure that the crushed straw can smoothly spray out from the long arc-shaped return channel 8.

[0038] In this device, the lower end of the inverted J-shaped baffle is bent backward with a certain curvature, and the lower surface of the inverted J-shaped baffle is on the same horizontal plane as the first angular material collecting plate; it can level the crushed soil, make the straw landfill layer more neat, and is conducive to the rapid decomposition of the straw.

[0039] Working principle:

[0040] When using this device, install the device on the tractor through the bracket, and use the transmission mechanism to connect the gear on the tillage box with the output shaft at the rear end of the tractor, so that the tractor can drive the soil conveying rotating cylinder 6, the soil crushing cylinder 11, the soil collecting cylinder 13, the material collecting cylinder 17, the secondary crushing cylinder 22 and the blowing turbine 28 to rotate;

[0041] Then the operator controls the tractor to move the tillage box 1 downward, so that the tillage box 1 starts to descend and is placed on the soil;

[0042] Then the operator can control the tractor to drive the tillage box 1 to move. As the tillage box 1 moves, the straw starts to move into the material collecting port 19 and is collected by the second angular material collecting plate 20, so that the straw enters the material collecting and crushing chamber 2. The rotation of the material collecting cylinder 17 drives the rotation of the material collecting blades 18, so that the straw is initially crushed. At the same time, the rotation of the material collecting blades 18 is used to push the initially crushed straw into the secondary crushing chamber 3 through the first straw conveying cylinder 25. Then the rotation of the secondary crushing cylinder 22 drives the rotation of the first cutting blade 23 to crush the straw for the second time. At the same time, since the cutting edges of the first cutting blade 23 and the second cutting blade 24 are opposite, when the first cutting blade 23 cuts the straw, the second cutting blade 24 is used to cut the straw again, so that the straw is completely crushed. At the same time, the rotation of the first cutting blade 23 is used to push the crushed straw into the second straw conveying cylinder 26;

[0043] At the same time, the rotation of the blowing turbine 28 blows air into the second straw conveying cylinder 26 through the blowing pipe 29 and the inclined blowing pipe 30. Then, the wind power is used to boost the conveying of the straw, so that the straw enters the long arc-shaped return channel 8 in the tillage chamber 5, and then sprays out through the vertical port of the long arc-shaped return channel 8 and is blocked by the inverted J-shaped baffle 10, so that the crushed straw flows back above the soil;

[0044] The movement of the returning box 1 allows the upper-layer soil to enter the crushing opening 15. Then, the rotation of the conical crushing roller 12 is driven by the soil crushing cylinder 11 to crush the soil, and the soil is picked up by the angular material-picking plate 16 and sent into the soil collection chamber 4. Then, the rotation of the collection baffle 14 is driven by the soil collection cylinder 13 to make the collection baffle 14 lift the crushed soil, and the soil is lifted onto the soil conveying rotating cylinder 6 in the returning chamber 5 by the soil conveying cylinder 27 and is collected between two adjacent conveying baffles 7 of the collection belt. Along with the rotation of the soil conveying rotating cylinder 6, the soil is driven to rotate, and then the soil is conveyed to the vertical port of the long-arc-shaped return channel 8;

[0045] At this time, the soil begins to fall, and the straw ejected from the vertical port of the long-arc-shaped return channel 8 is simply buried. Along with the movement of the returning box 1, the lower surface of the long-arc-shaped return channel 8 levels the soil covering the straw;

[0046] Furthermore, the crushed straw is landfilled in the soil pits crushed by the conical crushing roller 12, so as to simply cover the crushed straw and avoid the exposure of the straw;

[0047] By fully crushing the straw, on the one hand, the decomposition speed of the straw can be accelerated, and on the other hand, the transportation of the straw can be facilitated. By preliminarily burying the crushed straw, on the one hand, the soil can be used to cover the straw to reduce the dust generated after the straw is crushed, and on the other hand, the situation that the straw is crushed too small and drifts randomly with the wind to pollute the environment can be avoided.

[0048] The above technical solution only reflects the preferred technical solution of the technical solution of the present invention. Some changes that may be made by those skilled in the art to some parts thereof all reflect the principle of the present invention and fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A corn straw returning and processing device, comprising a returning box (1) and a material picking and crushing chamber (2), a secondary crushing chamber (3), a soil collection chamber (4), and a returning chamber (5) located inside the returning box. The material picking and crushing chamber is located at the front end inside the returning box, the soil collection chamber is located behind the material picking and crushing chamber, the secondary crushing chamber is located above the middle between the material picking and crushing chamber and the soil collection chamber, and the returning chamber is located at the rear end inside the returning box. It is characterized in that; The returning field chamber includes a soil conveying rotating cylinder (6) installed at the center of the returning field chamber, a conveying baffle (7) installed on the soil conveying rotating cylinder, a long arc-shaped return channel (8) sleeved on the soil conveying rotating cylinder, an arc-shaped baffle (9) installed on the front side of the soil conveying rotating cylinder, and an inverted J-shaped baffle (10) installed at the lower end of the arc-shaped baffle. The conveying baffles are evenly distributed on the soil conveying rotating cylinder. The arc angle of the inner diameter of the long arc-shaped return channel is 225°. The lower end of the long arc-shaped return channel is a vertical opening. The inner diameter of the arc-shaped baffle is the same as the inner diameter of the long arc-shaped return channel; The soil collection chamber includes a soil crushing cylinder (11) located at the front end inside the soil collection chamber, a conical crushing roller (12) installed on the soil crushing cylinder, a soil collection cylinder (13) located at the rear end inside the soil collection chamber, and a collection baffle (14) installed on the soil collection cylinder. The conical crushing rollers are evenly and staggeredly distributed on the soil crushing cylinder. A crushing opening (15) is opened below the front end of the soil collection chamber. The conical crushing rollers extend outside the crushing opening. An angular material collecting plate one (16) is installed at the lower end inside the crushing opening; The material collecting and crushing chamber includes a material collecting cylinder (17) located at the center inside the material collecting and crushing chamber, and a material collecting blade (18) installed on the material collecting cylinder. The material collecting blades are evenly distributed on the material collecting shaft. The material collecting blades are spirally distributed. A material collecting opening (19) is opened below the front end of the material collecting and crushing chamber. An angular material collecting plate two (20) is installed at the lower end inside the material collecting opening. A pressing seat (21) is installed at the upper end outside the material collecting opening; The secondary crushing chamber includes a secondary crushing cylinder (22) located at the center of the secondary crushing chamber, a cutting blade one (23) installed on the secondary crushing cylinder, and a cutting blade two (24) installed inside the secondary crushing chamber. The cutting edge of the cutting blade one faces the cutting edge of the cutting blade two. The cutting blade one and the cutting blade two are spirally distributed. The cutting blade one and the cutting blade two are staggeredly distributed; The secondary crushing chamber is connected to the material collecting and crushing chamber through a straw conveying cylinder one (25). The straw conveying cylinder one is tangent to the material collecting and crushing chamber. The secondary crushing chamber is connected to the long arc-shaped return channel through a straw conveying cylinder two (26). The straw conveying cylinder two is tangent to the secondary crushing chamber; A soil conveying cylinder (27) is installed at the rear end of the soil collection chamber. The soil conveying cylinder is tangent to the soil collection chamber. One end of the soil conveying cylinder is connected to the arc-shaped baffle and the straw conveying cylinder two. The connection between the soil conveying cylinder and the straw conveying cylinder two is in an arc transition; A plurality of blowing turbines (28) are provided on one side of the soil conveying cylinder. The plurality of blowing turbines are connected by a turbine shaft. The blowing turbines are fixedly connected to the soil conveying cylinder. A blowing pipe (29) is installed at the air outlet end of the blowing turbine. An inclined blowing pipe (30) is installed on the blowing pipe. The inclined blowing pipe is fixedly connected to the straw conveying cylinder two. The included angle between the inclined blowing pipe and the straw conveying cylinder is 15°. A filter screen plate (31) is installed inside the inclined blowing pipe.

2. The corn straw returning and processing device according to claim 1, wherein, The lower end of the inverted J-shaped baffle is bent backward with a certain curvature, and the lower surface of the inverted J-shaped baffle is on the same horizontal plane as the first angled material picking plate.

3. A corn straw returning and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second angled material picking plate is on the same horizontal plane as the lowermost end of the long arc-shaped return channel.

4. A corn straw returning and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soil conveying rotating cylinder, the soil crushing cylinder, the soil collection cylinder, the material picking cylinder, the secondary crushing cylinder and the blowing turbine are driven by the cooperation of gears and chains. The rotating directions of the soil conveying rotating cylinder and the secondary crushing cylinder are clockwise, and the rotating directions of the soil crushing cylinder, the soil collection cylinder, the material picking cylinder and the blowing turbine are counterclockwise.

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