Intelligent water and fertilizer drip irrigation method and device

Abstract

The present invention provides an intelligent water-fertilizer drip irrigation method and device, belonging to the field of irrigation technology. The present invention generates a water-fertilizer irrigation curve diagram through the required amount of fertilizer and water, can reasonably water first and then irrigate the water-fertilizer mixture, avoid the phenomenon of burning seedlings, and can easily adjust the water-fertilizer irrigation mode by intelligently relying on equipment; at the same time, by flushing with water during irrigation, and then blowing out the blockage in it by means of inflation and purge, the occurrence of uneven irrigation caused by pipeline blockage can be reduced, and when the irrigation is about to be completed, the fertilizer liquid in the drip irrigation pipeline is discharged as much as possible by water, which can not only ensure the effect of fertilizer supplementation, but also reduce the residual fertilizer liquid in the drip irrigation pipeline, and finally the residual liquid amount in the drip irrigation pipeline is further reduced by inflation and purge, avoiding the residual crystallization of fertilizer in the drip irrigation pipeline, resulting in pipeline blockage, so that the technology of integrated water-fertilizer irrigation is used in drip irrigation, and better irrigation and fee supplementation effects are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of irrigation, and more specifically, relates to an intelligent water and fertilizer drip irrigation method and device. Background Art

[0002] Water-saving irrigation is an irrigation measure that achieves the maximum output or benefit with the minimum amount of water used, that is, it maximizes the crop yield and output value per unit of irrigation water. Scientific irrigation is an irrigation method that professional irrigation companies have been promoting, including drip irrigation, micro-spraying, infiltration irrigation, sprinkler irrigation and other modern irrigation methods.

[0003] Among them, drip irrigation has a huge advantage of saving water, but drip irrigation equipment is often easily blocked due to the presence of small holes, so it has a relatively high requirement for irrigation water, and it is only used for supplementary irrigation of crops. When crops grow, they not only need water, but also a certain amount of fertilizer. At present, the technology of integrated water and fertilizer irrigation has emerged, that is, after dissolving fertilizer in water, it is irrigated into the field together with irrigation water, but this method is not suitable for drip irrigation. On the one hand, the fertilizer dissolved in the water after irrigation will precipitate due to the reduction of water, causing pipeline blockage; on the other hand, since the water content in the soil is relatively low at the beginning of irrigation, directly irrigating the crops with a mixture of fertilizer and water is likely to cause seedling burns and other phenomena. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent water-fertilizer drip irrigation method and device to solve the technical problem that the water-fertilizer integrated irrigation technology in the prior art is difficult to use for drip irrigation.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide an intelligent water and fertilizer drip irrigation method, comprising the following steps:

[0006] A. Estimate the amount of fertilizer and water that needs to be applied to the corresponding plot, and generate a water-fertilizer irrigation curve diagram showing the change of the water-fertilizer ratio with the irrigation time, wherein the water-fertilizer ratio refers to the fertilizer content in the water, and the water-fertilizer irrigation curve diagram includes a pre-water irrigation stage, a water-fertilizer irrigation stage, and a post-water irrigation stage, wherein the pre-water irrigation stage and the post-water irrigation stage are both irrigated with water, and the water-fertilizer irrigation stage is irrigated with a mixture of fertilizer and water;

[0007] B. Pass water into the drip irrigation pipeline to wet and flush the drip irrigation pipeline and drip irrigation head;

[0008] C. Pump pulse gas into the drip irrigation pipeline;

[0009] D. Mixing fertilizer and water to generate a mixed solution, and pumping the mixed solution to the corresponding plot through a drip irrigation pipeline for irrigation according to the water-fertilizer irrigation curve diagram until the irrigation is completed;

[0010] E. Pump pulse gas into the drip irrigation pipeline again to blow out the residual liquid in the drip irrigation pipeline.

[0011] In a possible implementation, in step A, the amount of fertilizer and water that needs to be applied to the corresponding plot is determined based on experience or based on the growth law of the crop combined with sensor monitoring estimation.

[0012] In one possible implementation, in step A, the duration of the pre-irrigation phase is Duration of the fertigation phase Duration of post-irrigation phase Among them, k is the distribution coefficient, which ranges from 0.4 to 0.8, V is the amount of water that needs to be applied to the corresponding plot, v is the flow rate of the drip irrigation pipeline during irrigation, G is the amount of fertilizer that needs to be applied to the corresponding plot, and ω is the concentration of the mixture of fertilizer and water.

[0013] In a possible implementation, in step B, when the pulse gas is pumped into the drip irrigation pipeline, the maximum pressure of the pulse gas does not exceed 30% of the water pressure flowing into the drip irrigation pipeline during irrigation.

[0014] In a possible implementation, in step C, when water is passed into the drip irrigation pipeline to wet and flush the drip irrigation pipeline and the drip irrigation head, the flushing pressure is higher than the pressure of water passed into the drip irrigation pipeline during irrigation, but does not exceed 10% of the pressure of water passed into the drip irrigation pipeline during irrigation.

[0015] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide an intelligent water-fertilizer drip irrigation device, which applies the above intelligent water-fertilizer drip irrigation method, including a fertilizer dissolving mechanism, a water-fertilizer mixing mechanism, a pumping mechanism, a drip irrigation pipeline and an aeration mechanism. The fertilizer dissolving mechanism is used to dissolve the fertilizer in water to form a water-soluble fertilizer liquid; the water-fertilizer mixing mechanism is respectively connected to the fertilizer dissolving mechanism and the water source to mix the fertilizer liquid with water; the pumping mechanism is connected to the water-fertilizer mixing mechanism; the drip irrigation pipeline is connected to the pumping mechanism to irrigate the corresponding plot; the aeration mechanism is connected to the drip irrigation pipeline to pump air into the drip irrigation pipeline.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the intelligent water and fertilizer drip irrigation device also includes a field sensor and a main controller. The field sensor is arranged in the corresponding plot to monitor the soil moisture condition of the field; the main controller is electrically connected to the field sensor, the water and fertilizer mixing mechanism, the pumping mechanism and the inflation mechanism respectively.

[0017] In a possible implementation, one-way valves are provided after the pumping mechanism, after the aeration mechanism, and between the fertilizer dissolving mechanism and the water-fertilizer mixing mechanism.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the water-fertilizer mixing mechanism includes a water supply pipe, a separator, a fertilizer liquid supply pipe and a pressure regulating spring piece. The end of the water supply pipe is connected to the pumping mechanism, and the fertilizer liquid supply pipe is respectively connected to the fertilizer dissolving mechanism and the water supply pipe. The separator is tilted and arranged at a position connected to the fertilizer liquid supply pipe in the water supply pipe so that a Venturi tube structure is formed in the water supply pipe. A through hole is provided on the separator. The pressure regulating spring piece includes a sealing connection part, a pressure-sensitive protrusion and a water retaining part. The sealing connection part is located at the outer periphery of the pressure-sensitive protrusion, and the pressure-sensitive protrusion is sealed and connected to the through hole through the sealing connection part. The water retaining part is arranged on one side of the pressure-sensitive protrusion. When the pressure-sensitive protrusion protrudes to one side, the water retaining part extends to the other side.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the pressure-sensitive protrusion is an airbag structure composed of a double-layer film, the water retaining portion is a V-shaped rigid plate structure with obtuse angles on both sides, one side of the water retaining portion is arranged on one layer of the film, and the other side extends outside the other layer of the film.

[0020] The intelligent water-fertilizer drip irrigation method provided by the present invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the present invention generates a water-fertilizer irrigation curve diagram in which the water-fertilizer ratio changes with the irrigation time through the required amount of fertilizer and water, can reasonably water first and then irrigate the water-fertilizer mixture, avoid the phenomenon of burning seedlings, and can facilitate the intelligent adjustment of the water-fertilizer irrigation mode by relying on equipment; at the same time, by flushing with water during irrigation, the accumulated materials in the drip irrigation pipeline are softened and dissolved, and then the blockages therein are blown out by means of inflation and purge, thereby reducing the possibility of pipeline blockage, and reducing the occurrence of uneven irrigation caused by pipeline blockage. In the post-irrigation stage when the irrigation is about to be completed, the fertilizer liquid in the drip irrigation pipeline can be discharged as much as possible by water, which can not only ensure the effect of fertilizer supplementation, but also reduce the residual fertilizer liquid in the drip irrigation pipeline. Finally, the amount of residual liquid in the drip irrigation pipeline is further reduced by inflation and purge, and the residual crystallization of fertilizer in the drip irrigation pipeline is avoided, resulting in pipeline blockage, thereby using the technology of integrated water-fertilizer irrigation in drip irrigation to achieve better irrigation and supplementary effects.

[0021] The beneficial effect of the intelligent water-fertilizer drip irrigation device provided by the present invention is that compared with the prior art, the present invention can use the above-mentioned intelligent water-fertilizer drip irrigation method for irrigation through the cooperation of the fertilizer dissolving mechanism, the water-fertilizer mixing mechanism, the pumping mechanism, the drip irrigation pipeline and the inflation mechanism, and realize intelligent adjustment of the water and fertilizer irrigation mode to avoid the phenomenon of seedling burning, and at the same time avoid or reduce the possibility of drip irrigation pipeline blockage, thereby using the technology of integrated water and fertilizer irrigation in drip irrigation to achieve better irrigation and fee compensation effects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a process flow of an intelligent water and fertilizer drip irrigation method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an intelligent water and fertilizer drip irrigation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the water-fertilizer mixing mechanism of the intelligent water-fertilizer drip irrigation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Among them, the reference numerals in the figures are as follows:

[0027] 10. Fertilizer dissolving mechanism;

[0028] 20. Water-fertilizer mixing mechanism; 21. Water supply pipe; 22. Separator; 23. Fertilizer liquid supply pipe;

[0029] 24. Sealing connection portion; 25. Pressure-sensitive protrusion; 26. Water retaining portion;

[0030] 30. Pumping mechanism; 40. Drip irrigation pipeline; 50. Inflating mechanism;

[0031] 60. Field sensor; 70. Main controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0033] It should be further explained that the drawings and implementation modes of the present invention mainly describe the concept of the present invention. On the basis of this concept, the specific forms and settings of some connection relationships, positional relationships, power mechanisms, power supply systems, hydraulic systems and control systems may not be fully described. However, on the premise that those skilled in the art understand the concept of the present invention, those skilled in the art can implement the above-mentioned specific forms and settings in a well-known manner.

[0034] When an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0035] The directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as “length”, “width”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside” and “outside” are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operate in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0036] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, and "several" means one or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0037] The intelligent water and fertilizer drip irrigation method and device provided by the present invention are now described.

[0038] See also Figure 1 The first embodiment of the present invention provides an intelligent water and fertilizer drip irrigation method, comprising the following steps:

[0039] A. Estimate the amount of fertilizer and water that needs to be applied to the corresponding plot, and generate a water-fertilizer irrigation curve chart showing the change of water-fertilizer ratio with irrigation time, where the water-fertilizer ratio refers to the fertilizer content in the water. The water-fertilizer irrigation curve chart includes the pre-water irrigation stage, the water-fertilizer irrigation stage and the post-water irrigation stage. The pre-water irrigation stage and the post-water irrigation stage are both irrigated with water, and the water-fertilizer irrigation stage uses a mixture of fertilizer and water for irrigation. This can make the fertilizer content relatively low at the beginning of irrigation, so that the soil and crops are quickly replenished with water and the possibility of burning seedlings is reduced. After the irrigation is completed, it is avoided that too much fertilizer is retained in the drip irrigation pipeline, resulting in inaccurate fertilizer application and pipeline blockage;

[0040] B. Pass water into the drip irrigation pipeline to wet and flush the drip irrigation pipeline and drip irrigation head. This can soften the accumulation in the drip irrigation pipeline and drip irrigation head and dissolve the soluble crystals to reduce the possibility of blockage. At the same time, inject a certain amount of water into the root of the crop to reduce the possibility of subsequent water and fertilizer burning the seedlings.

[0041] C. Pump pulse gas into the drip irrigation pipeline. The pulse gas can loosen and blow out the accumulated materials such as soil and scale in the drip irrigation pipeline, especially in the drip irrigation head, to prevent these accumulated materials from absorbing water and swelling to block the drip irrigation pipeline and drip irrigation head;

[0042] D. Mix fertilizer and water to generate a mixed solution, and according to the water-fertilizer irrigation curve, pump it to the corresponding plot through the drip irrigation pipeline for irrigation until the irrigation is completed;

[0043] E. Pump pulse gas into the drip irrigation pipeline again to blow out the residual liquid in the drip irrigation pipeline.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the intelligent water-fertilizer drip irrigation method provided in this embodiment generates a water-fertilizer irrigation curve diagram of the water-fertilizer ratio changing with the irrigation time through the required amount of fertilizer and water, and can reasonably water first and then irrigate the water-fertilizer mixture to avoid the phenomenon of burning seedlings, and can facilitate the intelligent adjustment of the water-fertilizer irrigation mode by relying on the equipment; at the same time, by flushing with water during irrigation, the accumulated materials in the drip irrigation pipeline are softened and dissolved, and then the blockages therein are blown out by means of inflation and purge, thereby reducing the possibility of pipeline blockage and the occurrence of uneven irrigation caused by pipeline blockage. In the post-irrigation stage when the irrigation is about to be completed, the fertilizer liquid in the drip irrigation pipeline can be discharged as much as possible by water, which can not only ensure the effect of fertilization, but also reduce the residual fertilizer liquid in the drip irrigation pipeline. Finally, the amount of residual liquid in the drip irrigation pipeline is further reduced by inflation and purge, and the residual crystallization of fertilizer in the drip irrigation pipeline is avoided, which causes pipeline blockage, thereby using the technology of integrated water-fertilizer irrigation in drip irrigation to achieve better irrigation and fee supplement effects.

[0045] A specific implementation mode provided by the present invention based on the first implementation mode is as follows:

[0046] In step A, the amount of fertilizer and water that needs to be applied to the corresponding plot is determined based on experience or based on the growth law of the crop combined with sensor monitoring estimation.

[0047] In step A, the duration of the pre-irrigation phase Duration of the fertigation phase Duration of post-irrigation phase Among them, k is the distribution coefficient, which ranges from 0.4 to 0.8, V is the amount of water that needs to be applied to the corresponding plot, v is the flow rate of the drip irrigation pipeline during irrigation, G is the amount of fertilizer that needs to be applied to the corresponding plot, and ω is the concentration of the mixture of fertilizer and water.

[0048] In step B, when the pulse gas is pumped into the drip irrigation pipeline, the maximum pressure of the pulse gas does not exceed 30% of the water pressure in the drip irrigation pipeline during irrigation to prevent the gas from bursting the drip irrigation pipeline.

[0049] In step C, when water is passed into the drip irrigation pipeline to wet and flush the drip irrigation pipeline and the drip irrigation head, the flushing pressure is higher than the pressure of water passed into the drip irrigation pipeline during irrigation, but does not exceed 10% of the pressure of water passed into the drip irrigation pipeline during irrigation.

[0050] See also Figure 2 The intelligent water-fertilizer drip irrigation device provided in the second embodiment of the present invention includes a fertilizer dissolving mechanism 10, a water-fertilizer mixing mechanism 20, a pumping mechanism 30, a drip irrigation pipeline 40 and an aeration mechanism 50. The fertilizer dissolving mechanism 10 is used to dissolve fertilizer in water to form a water-soluble fertilizer solution; the water-fertilizer mixing mechanism 20 is respectively connected to the fertilizer dissolving mechanism 10 and the water source to mix the fertilizer solution with water; the pumping mechanism 30 is connected to the water-fertilizer mixing mechanism 20; the drip irrigation pipeline 40 is connected to the pumping mechanism 30 to irrigate the corresponding plot; the aeration mechanism 50 is connected to the drip irrigation pipeline 40 to pump air into the drip irrigation pipeline 40.

[0051] Compared with the prior art, the intelligent water-fertilizer drip irrigation device provided in this embodiment can adopt the above-mentioned intelligent water-fertilizer drip irrigation method for irrigation through the cooperation of the fertilizer dissolving mechanism 10, the water-fertilizer mixing mechanism 20, the pumping mechanism 30, the drip irrigation pipeline 40 and the inflation mechanism 50, and can realize intelligent adjustment of the water and fertilizer irrigation mode to avoid the phenomenon of burning seedlings, and at the same time can avoid or reduce the possibility of clogging of the drip irrigation pipeline, so that the technology of integrated water and fertilizer irrigation is used in drip irrigation to achieve better irrigation and fee compensation effects.

[0052] Please also read Figure 2 and Figure 3 The present invention further provides a specific implementation mode based on the second implementation mode as follows:

[0053] The intelligent water-fertilizer drip irrigation device also includes a field sensor 60 and a main controller 70. The field sensor 60 is arranged in the corresponding plot to monitor the soil moisture condition of the field; the main controller 70 is electrically connected to the field sensor 60, the water-fertilizer mixing mechanism 20, the pumping mechanism 30 and the inflation mechanism 50 respectively.

[0054] When in use, the main controller 70 receives the signal transmitted by the field sensor 60, analyzes and estimates the amount of fertilizer and water that needs to be applied to the corresponding plot, and then controls the aeration mechanism 50 to purge the drip irrigation pipeline 40 according to the above-mentioned intelligent water-fertilizer drip irrigation method, and then controls the pumping mechanism 30 to pass water into the drip irrigation pipeline, and then controls the water-fertilizer mixing mechanism 20 to mix fertilizer liquid into the water to complete irrigation. The main controller 70 controls the water-fertilizer mixing mechanism 20, the pumping mechanism 30 and the aeration mechanism 50 by controlling the electrically controlled valves or electrically controlled switches on them.

[0055] One-way valves are provided after the pumping mechanism 30, after the aeration mechanism 50, and between the fertilizer dissolving mechanism 10 and the water-fertilizer mixing mechanism 20 to prevent damage to the equipment caused by backflow of water or gas.

[0056] The water-fertilizer mixing mechanism 20 includes a water supply pipe 21, a separator 22, a fertilizer liquid supply pipe 23 and a pressure regulating spring. The end of the water supply pipe 21 is connected to the pumping mechanism 30, and the fertilizer liquid supply pipe 23 is respectively connected to the fertilizer dissolving mechanism 10 and the water supply pipe 21. The separator 22 is obliquely arranged at a position connected to the fertilizer liquid supply pipe 23 in the water supply pipe 21, so that a venturi tube structure is formed in the water supply pipe 21. A through hole is provided on the separator 22. The pressure regulating spring includes a sealing connection part 24, a pressure-sensitive protrusion 25 and a water retaining part 26. The sealing connection part 24 is located at the outer periphery of the pressure-sensitive protrusion 25, and the pressure-sensitive protrusion 25 is sealed and connected to the through hole through the sealing connection part 24. The water retaining part 26 is arranged on one side of the pressure-sensitive protrusion 25. When the pressure-sensitive protrusion 25 bulges outward to one side, the water retaining part 26 extends to the other side.

[0057] The venturi tube structure formed between the water supply pipe 21, the partition plate 22 and the fertilizer liquid supply pipe 23 can extract water and fertilizer liquid by the power of the pumping mechanism 30. However, due to the unstable water supply of the water source and the fertilizer dissolving mechanism 10, the water-fertilizer ratio after the water and fertilizer liquid are mixed will be unstable. Therefore, a pressure regulating spring is provided to slightly adjust the flow rate of the fertilizer liquid supply pipe 23 according to the pressure difference on both sides of the partition plate 22, so that the water-fertilizer ratio after the water and fertilizer liquid are mixed is maintained within a certain range. For example, when the pressure on the flowing water side is greater than the pressure on the fertilizer liquid side due to reasons such as the drop in the water level of the fertilizer dissolving mechanism 10, the pressure-sensitive protrusion 25 is deformed toward the fertilizer liquid side, causing the water retaining portion 26 to extend toward the flowing water side, reducing the flow rate on the flowing water side, and under the power of the pumping mechanism 30, the flow rate on the fertilizer liquid side increases, so that the water-fertilizer ratio after the water and fertilizer liquid are mixed is maintained within a certain range.

[0058] The pressure-sensitive protrusion 25 is an airbag structure composed of a double-layer film, and the water retaining portion 26 is a V-shaped rigid plate structure with obtuse angles on both sides. One side of the water retaining portion 26 is arranged on one layer of the film, and the other side extends outside the other layer of the film.

[0059] Such a structure can achieve the above functions relatively well, and the structure is relatively simple. On this basis, a ventilation pipe connected to the airbag structure can be set, and the outer end of the ventilation pipe extends outside the water supply pipe 21, and a one-way valve is provided on the ventilation pipe to facilitate adjusting the amount of gas inside the airbag structure.

[0060] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent water and fertilizer drip irrigation device, characterized in that: include: A fertilizer dissolving mechanism (10) is used to dissolve fertilizer in water to form a water-soluble fertilizer solution; A water-fertilizer mixing mechanism (20) is connected to the fertilizer dissolving mechanism (10) and a water source, respectively, to mix the fertilizer liquid with the water; A pumping mechanism (30) connected to the water-fertilizer mixing mechanism (20); A drip irrigation pipeline (40) connected to the pumping mechanism (30) to irrigate the corresponding plot of land; An air charging mechanism (50) connected to the drip irrigation pipeline (40) to pump air into the drip irrigation pipeline (40); The water-fertilizer mixing mechanism (20) comprises a water supply pipe (21), a separator (22), a fertilizer liquid supply pipe (23) and a pressure regulating spring; the end of the water supply pipe (21) is connected to the pumping mechanism (30); the fertilizer liquid supply pipe (23) is respectively connected to the fertilizer dissolving mechanism (10) and the water supply pipe (21); the separator (22) is arranged obliquely at a position connected to the fertilizer liquid supply pipe (23) in the water supply pipe (21), so that a Venturi tube structure is formed in the water supply pipe (21); A through hole is provided on the spacer (22); the pressure regulating spring comprises a sealing connection portion (24), a pressure-sensitive protrusion (25) and a water retaining portion (26); the sealing connection portion (24) is located at the periphery of the pressure-sensitive protrusion (25); the pressure-sensitive protrusion (25) is sealed and connected to the through hole via the sealing connection portion (24); the water retaining portion (26) is provided on one side of the pressure-sensitive protrusion (25); when the pressure-sensitive protrusion (25) protrudes outwards to one side, the water retaining portion (26) extends to the other side; The pressure-sensitive protrusion (25) is an airbag structure formed of a double-layer film, and the water retaining portion (26) is a V-shaped rigid plate structure with two sides forming obtuse angles. One side of the water retaining portion (26) is arranged on one layer of the film, and the other side extends outside the other layer of the film. The water-fertilizer mixing mechanism (20) is also provided with a vent pipe in communication with the air bag structure, the outer end of the vent pipe extends outside the water supply pipe (21), and a one-way valve is provided on the vent pipe to facilitate adjustment of the amount of gas inside the air bag structure.

2. The intelligent water and fertilizer drip irrigation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent water and fertilizer drip irrigation device also includes: A field sensor (60) is arranged in a corresponding plot of land to monitor the soil moisture condition of the field; The main controller (70) is electrically connected to the field sensor (60), the water-fertilizer mixing mechanism (20), the pumping mechanism (30) and the aeration mechanism (50), respectively.

3. The intelligent water and fertilizer drip irrigation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One-way valves are provided after the pumping mechanism (30), after the inflation mechanism (50), and between the fertilizer dissolving mechanism (10) and the water-fertilizer mixing mechanism (20).

4. An intelligent water and fertilizer drip irrigation method, characterized in that: The application of the intelligent water and fertilizer drip irrigation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 comprises the following steps: A. Estimate the amount of fertilizer and water that needs to be applied to the corresponding plot, and generate a water-fertilizer irrigation curve diagram showing the change of the water-fertilizer ratio with the irrigation time, wherein the water-fertilizer ratio refers to the fertilizer content in the water, and the water-fertilizer irrigation curve diagram includes a pre-water irrigation stage, a water-fertilizer irrigation stage, and a post-water irrigation stage, wherein the pre-water irrigation stage and the post-water irrigation stage are both irrigated with water, and the water-fertilizer irrigation stage is irrigated with a mixture of fertilizer and water; B. Pass water into the drip irrigation pipeline to wet and flush the drip irrigation pipeline and drip irrigation head; C. Pump pulse gas into the drip irrigation pipeline; D. Mixing fertilizer and water to generate a mixed solution, and pumping the mixed solution to the corresponding plot through a drip irrigation pipeline according to the water-fertilizer irrigation curve diagram for irrigation until the irrigation is completed; E. Pump pulse gas into the drip irrigation pipeline again to blow out the residual liquid in the drip irrigation pipeline.

5. The intelligent water and fertilizer drip irrigation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step A, the amount of fertilizer and water that needs to be applied to the corresponding plot is determined based on experience or based on the growth law of the crop combined with sensor monitoring estimation.

6. The intelligent water and fertilizer drip irrigation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step A, the duration of the pre-irrigation phase , duration of water and fertilizer irrigation phase , duration of the post-irrigation phase , where k is the distribution coefficient, which ranges from 0.4 to 0.8, V is the amount of water that needs to be applied to the corresponding plot, v is the flow rate of the drip irrigation pipeline during irrigation, G is the amount of fertilizer that needs to be applied to the corresponding plot, and ω is the concentration of the mixture of fertilizer and water.

7. The intelligent water and fertilizer drip irrigation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step B, when the pulse gas is pumped into the drip irrigation pipeline, the maximum pressure of the pulse gas does not exceed 30% of the water pressure in the drip irrigation pipeline during irrigation.

8. The intelligent water and fertilizer drip irrigation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step C, when water is passed into the drip irrigation pipeline to wet and flush the drip irrigation pipeline and the drip irrigation head, the flushing pressure is higher than the pressure of water passed into the drip irrigation pipeline during irrigation, but does not exceed 10% of the pressure of water passed into the drip irrigation pipeline during irrigation.

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