A low-leakage three-way solenoid valve

Abstract

The present invention discloses a low-leakage three-way solenoid valve, which comprises a valve body, a driving assembly and a sealing assembly. The valve body includes a first chamber, a second chamber and a third chamber that are respectively communicated with the outside of the valve body along the axial direction. The first chamber and the second chamber are communicated through a first port, and the second chamber and the third chamber are communicated through a second port. The sealing assembly includes a transmission rod and an elastic seal. The transmission rod passes through the first port and the second port. The elastic seal is sleeved on the transmission rod and is located in the second chamber. The elastic seal has elasticity in the axial direction of the transmission rod. The driving assembly can drive the transmission rod to move axially, thereby driving the elastic seal to move between a first position and a second position. Wherein, the elastic seal at the first position blocks the first port, the elastic seal at the second position blocks the second port, and the elastic seal is in a compressed state when blocking the first port or the second port. The present application effectively avoids the sealing defects caused by the superposition of component size tolerances by using an elastic seal instead of a traditional rigid sealing structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of control valves, and particularly to a low-leakage three-way solenoid valve. Background Art

[0002] A three-way solenoid valve is a solenoid valve that enables the intelligent electronic control of different flow channels of a battery by a thermal management system according to an electrical signal. It is used to accurately control the temperature of a cooling system under different working conditions, thereby improving the energy efficiency utilization of an automotive thermal management system and saving energy.

[0003] The three-way solenoid valve is provided with three valve ports, one being an inlet and the other two being outlets. A traditional three-way solenoid valve usually adopts an "I"-shaped sealing structure to achieve the switching connection between the two outlets and the inlet. As Figure 1 shown, the "I"-shaped sealing structure is composed of a rod body 100 and an upper sealing disk 110 and a lower sealing disk 120 fixed on the rod body 100, and the inner end faces of the upper sealing disk 110 and the lower sealing disk 120 respectively serve as sealing surfaces. Since the sealing disks are fixed to the rod body 100, their two sealing surfaces are also fixed structures. However, since the existing solenoid valve is assembled from multiple components, and each component has certain dimensional tolerances during production and manufacturing, this will lead to the accumulation of tolerances after assembly. For example Figure 2 shown in Figure 2 (the illustration is only for schematic purposes, and the scale is slightly exaggerated for clear display and does not represent the true scale), where the dotted line drawn in the figure is a reference plane, such as a flange mounting surface, etc. Due to the dimensional tolerances of each component, after assembly, the tolerance accumulation of each component will result in one of three situations for the lower sealing end face 140 of the valve seat and the reference plane: positive tolerance, zero tolerance, and negative tolerance. Among them, Figure 2 as shown in a in Figure 2 is the situation where the tolerance accumulation of each component forms a positive tolerance, that is, the distance between the lower sealing end face 140 and the reference plane is larger than the theoretical value;

[0004] When powered off, the "I"-shaped sealing structure will move downward under the action of a spring. If a spring with a suitable stroke is set, it can ensure that in Figure 2In the three cases of tolerance accumulation shown, the upper sealing surface of the "I"-shaped sealing structure can effectively seal the upper sealing end face 130 of the valve seat. When energized, the "I"-shaped sealing structure moves upward under the action of electromagnetic force, overcoming the spring force, and the lower sealing surface of the "I"-shaped sealing structure will seal the lower sealing end face 140 of the sealing valve seat. In the above three cases of tolerance accumulation, the "I"-shaped sealing structure will stay at different positions, such as Figure 3 shown, where Figure 3 b in corresponds to Figure 2 the tolerance accumulation case shown by b in, and the position of the "I"-shaped sealing structure is at the theoretical position; Figure 3 a in corresponds to Figure 2 the tolerance accumulation case shown by a in, and the position of the "I"-shaped sealing structure is below the theoretical position; Figure 3 c in corresponds to Figure 2 the tolerance accumulation case shown by c in, and the position of the "I"-shaped sealing structure is above the theoretical position. If no magnetic gap distance is reserved for the case of tolerance accumulation, that is, when the lower end face of the iron core 150 is at the theoretical position, in the case of zero tolerance, the lower end face of the iron core 150 just does not interfere with the top of the rod body 100 of the "I"-shaped sealing structure, as Figure 3 shown by b in; but in the case of negative tolerance, the lower end face of the iron core 150 will interfere with the top of the rod body 100 of the "I"-shaped sealing structure, as Figure 3 shown by c in, which results in that the "I"-shaped sealing structure does not have sufficient upward movement stroke, and further causes the lower sealing surface of the "I"-shaped sealing structure to be unable to ensure sealing the lower sealing end face 140 of the valve seat.

[0005] Therefore, in order to ensure that the "I"-shaped sealing structure can effectively seal the lower sealing end face 140 of the valve seat in the above three cases of tolerance accumulation, a magnetic gap distance needs to be reserved, that is, the lower end face of the iron core 150 is set above the theoretical position to ensure that when there is a negative tolerance case, the lower end face of the iron core 150 just does not interfere with the top of the rod body 100 of the "I"-shaped sealing structure, as Figure 4 shown, where Figure 4 a in corresponds to Figure 3 the case after reserving the magnetic gap distance in a in, where Figure 4 b in corresponds to Figure 3 the case after reserving the magnetic gap distance in b in, where Figure 4 c in corresponds to Figure 3 the case after reserving the magnetic gap distance in c in. In this case, it will result that if there is a positive tolerance case, that is Figure 4As shown in a, the distance between the lower end face of the iron core 150 and the top end of the "I"-shaped sealing structure rod 100 reaches the maximum, which is the sum of the positive tolerance and the absolute value of the negative tolerance. That is, during the energized operation of the solenoid valve, the minimum distance of the magnetic gap of the solenoid valve is not less than the sum of the positive tolerance and the absolute value of the negative tolerance. However, the electromagnetic force decreases as the magnetic gap increases. To ensure that even in the Figure 4 case shown in a, the electromagnetic force also reaches the minimum requirement (e.g., 10 N), compared with the theoretical case (i.e., during the energized operation of the solenoid valve, the minimum distance of the magnetic gap of the solenoid valve can be close to zero), a larger coil needs to be used to increase the electromagnetic force. But this will increase the cost, energy consumption, and weight of the solenoid valve, and is not energy-saving and environment-friendly. For example, for a solenoid valve, if designed according to the existing technology, to achieve a relatively large flow rate (e.g., 16 L / min), the stroke needs to be increased to 4 mm (i.e., a larger opening is required). Under the conventional processing level, the tolerance accumulation at the sealing end face is +0.5 to -0.3 mm. From the previous analysis, it can be seen that the minimum magnetic gap of some products during energization may also reach 0.8 mm. That is, the stroke plus the reserved magnetic gap needs to reach 4.8 mm. For the electromagnetic coil in the existing design, the electromagnetic force decreases significantly after exceeding 4.0 mm. If the electromagnetic force at 4.8 mm needs to be greater than the design requirement (10 N), then: one method is to provide a correspondingly larger coil to increase the electromagnetic force, but the energy consumption, weight, and cost of the solenoid valve will all increase, and it is not energy-saving and environment-friendly; another method is to reduce the processing error of each component, thereby reducing the error accumulation, which also means a sharp increase in the processing cost.

[0006] In addition, due to the influence of the structural design in the existing technology, the plastic shell needs to be divided into two parts, namely the upper part 160 and the lower part 170, as Figure 1 shown. During assembly, the upper part 160 of the plastic shell needs to be pre-assembled on the rod 100 with the upper sealing disk 110 first, then the lower sealing disk 120 is fixed with a snap ring, and finally the upper and lower parts of the plastic shell are fixed by laser welding technology. The assembly is rather troublesome, and since the secondary melting strength of the plastic at the welding joint of the two plastic parts is lower than the plastic strength of the overall injection molding, the anti-burst strength of the plastic shell in the existing technology is relatively weak, and the service life of the product is short.

[0007] Therefore, in view of the above existing technical problems, it is necessary to make new innovations. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, a low-leakage three-way solenoid valve is proposed. By using an elastic seal instead of the traditional rigid seal structure, the sealing defect caused by the superposition of the dimensional tolerances of the components can be effectively avoided. The specific solution is as follows:

[0009] A low-leakage three-way solenoid valve, which comprises a valve body, a driving assembly and a sealing assembly. The valve body sequentially includes a first chamber, a second chamber and a third chamber along the axial direction. The first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber are respectively communicated with the outside of the valve body. The first chamber and the second chamber are communicated through a first through port. The second chamber and the third chamber are communicated through a second through port. The sealing assembly includes a transmission rod and an elastic seal. The transmission rod passes through the first through port and the second through port respectively. The elastic seal is sleeved on the transmission rod and is located in the second chamber. The elastic seal has elasticity in the axial direction of the transmission rod.

[0010] The driving assembly can drive the transmission rod to move axially, and then drive the elastic seal to move between a first position and a second position. Wherein, the elastic seal located at the first position blocks the first through port, and the elastic seal located at the second position blocks the second through port. And when the elastic seal blocks the first through port or the second through port, it is in a compressed state.

[0011] Further, a first stop structure and a second stop structure are arranged at intervals along the axial direction on the transmission rod. The elastic seal is arranged between the first stop structure and the second stop structure. The first stop structure and the second stop structure respectively limit the movement of the elastic seal on the transmission rod.

[0012] Further, the elastic seal includes a first seal, a second seal and an elastic member. The first seal and the second seal are respectively sleeved on the transmission rod. The elastic member is located between the first seal and the second seal. And the elastic member has elasticity in the axial direction of the transmission rod.

[0013] Further, an elastic sealing material is arranged between the elastic seal and the transmission rod.

[0014] Further, sealing structures are respectively arranged on both ends of the elastic seal in the axial direction of the transmission rod.

[0015] Further, the first stop structure and / or the second stop structure is an independent component fixedly arranged on the transmission rod.

[0016] Further, the first stop structure and / or the second stop structure is integrally formed with the transmission rod.

[0017] Furthermore, the driving assembly is arranged on the side of the first chamber away from the second chamber. The driving assembly includes a static iron core and a coil matching the static iron core. The static iron core is arranged corresponding to the transmission rod. A ferromagnetic slider is arranged at one end of the transmission rod facing the static iron core. An elastic member is arranged between the slider and the static iron core. The elastic member has elasticity in the axial direction of the transmission rod.

[0018] Furthermore, the valve body includes a seat body and a sealing seat. A receiving cavity is arranged in the seat body. A first opening communicating with the receiving cavity is arranged on one side of the seat body. The receiving cavity communicates with the outside of the seat body through a first valve port. The second chamber and the third chamber are sequentially arranged on the side of the receiving cavity in the seat body away from the first opening. The second chamber communicates with the receiving cavity through a third through port.

[0019] The sealing seat is arranged in the receiving cavity. The first chamber is formed in the sealing seat. The first through port is arranged on the sealing seat and faces the second chamber and communicates with the third through port. The size of the first through port is smaller than that of the third through port. The size of the first through port is smaller than that of the third through port. A through hole communicating the first chamber and the first valve port is arranged on the sealing seat. A second opening is arranged on the side of the sealing seat away from the third through port.

[0020] The driving assembly is arranged at the second opening.

[0021] Furthermore, it further includes a fixing seat. The fixing seat is fixedly connected to the valve body. A fixing hole is arranged on the fixing seat.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the low-leakage three-way solenoid valve of the present application has at least one or more of the following beneficial effects:

[0023] (1) For the low-leakage three-way solenoid valve of the present application, an elastic seal is used to replace the traditional rigid seal structure, thus effectively avoiding the seal defect problem caused by the superposition of component size tolerances, ensuring that the total stroke of the transmission rod movement remains unchanged, that is, the magnetic gap remains unchanged, and thus there is no need to deal with the accumulation problem of part processing tolerances by increasing the initial magnetic gap or electromagnetic force;

[0024] (2) For the low-leakage three-way solenoid valve of the present application, the elastic seal also adopts an "I" shape structure. The upper and lower end faces of the "I" shape structure serve as the sealing surfaces. Once one of the outlets is connected to the inlet, the pressure in this outlet will be greater than the pressure in the other outlet, which helps to block the non-flowing outlet;

[0025] (3) The low-leakage three-way solenoid valve of the present application can be designed with a fixed and small magnetic gap, which can ensure a constant electromagnetic force, and thus can effectively improve the product quality stability;

[0026] (4) In the low-leakage three-way solenoid valve of the present application, by setting an elastic sealing material between the elastic seal and the transmission rod, the flatness requirement for the sealing surface of the elastic seal can be effectively reduced, thereby effectively reducing the part processing cost and the process manufacturing cost;

[0027] (5) The body of the low-leakage three-way solenoid valve of the present application adopts a combined design of a seat body and a sealing seat, and the seat body is integrally formed. Compared with the traditional three-way solenoid valve that divides the plastic shell into two parts and uses laser welding, the assembly of the three-way solenoid valve of the present application is more convenient, which can effectively reduce the process assembly cost. At the same time, it can also increase the anti-burst strength of the solenoid valve shell, thereby extending the product service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic half-sectional structure diagram of an existing three-way solenoid valve;

[0029] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the positions among the "I"-shaped sealing structure, the upper and lower sealing end faces, and the reference plane of an existing three-way solenoid valve under three conditions of positive tolerance, zero tolerance, and negative tolerance;

[0030] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the positions between the "I"-shaped sealing structure and the iron core of an existing three-way solenoid valve under three conditions of positive tolerance, zero tolerance, and negative tolerance when there is no reserved magnetic gap distance;

[0031] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the positions between the "I"-shaped sealing structure and the iron core of an existing three-way solenoid valve under three conditions of positive tolerance, zero tolerance, and negative tolerance when there is a reserved magnetic gap distance;

[0032] Figure 5 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the low-leakage three-way solenoid valve provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 6 is a schematic side view structure diagram of the low-leakage three-way solenoid valve provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 7 is Figure 6 a schematic sectional structure diagram of the low-leakage three-way solenoid valve shown at position A after being powered on;

[0035] Figure 8 is Figure 6 a schematic sectional structure diagram of the low-leakage three-way solenoid valve shown at position A after being powered off;

[0036] Figure 9 Schematic diagrams of the positions between the sealing assembly, the upper and lower sealing ends, and the reference plane of the low-leakage three-way solenoid valve provided by the embodiments of the present application under three conditions of positive tolerance, zero tolerance, and negative tolerance.

[0037] Wherein, 1 - valve body, 11 - seat body, 111 - accommodating cavity, 112 - second chamber, 113 - third chamber, 114 - second port, 115 - third port, 116 - lower sealing end, 117 - first valve port, 118 - second valve port, 119 - third valve port, 12 - sealing seat, 121 - first chamber, 122 - first port, 123 - through hole, 124 - upper sealing end, 2 - driving assembly, 21 - static iron core, 22 - coil, 23 - driving housing, 3 - sealing assembly, 31 - transmission rod, 311 - first stopping structure, 312 - second stopping structure, 32 - elastic sealing member, 321 - first sealing member, 322 - second sealing member, 323 - elastic member, 324 - sealing structure, 4 - slider, 41 - balance flow channel, 5 - elastic component, 6 - fixed seat, 61 - fixing hole, 62 - guiding portion, 100 - rod body, 110 - upper sealing disc, 120 - lower sealing disc, 130 - upper sealing end face, 140 - lower sealing end face, 150 - iron core, 160 - upper half, 170 - lower half. Specific embodiments

[0038] To further elaborate on the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the intended invention purpose, the following describes in detail the specific embodiments, structures, features, and their effects of the present invention in combination with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0039] Embodiment

[0040] This embodiment provides a low-leakage three-way solenoid valve, which includes a valve body 1, a driving assembly 2, and a sealing assembly 3, as Figures 5 to 8 shown.

[0041] The valve body 1 is preferably composed of a seat body 11 and a sealing seat 12, as Figure 7 or Figure 8 shown. An accommodating cavity 111 is provided in the seat body 11, and an opening communicating with the accommodating cavity 111 is provided on one side of the seat body 11, which is defined as the first opening. The sealing seat 12 is arranged in the accommodating cavity 111, and seals between the sealing seat 12 and the seat body 11. For example, sealing rings can be respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the sealing seat 12. The sealing seat 12 has a chamber, which is defined as the first chamber 121.

[0042] Inside the seat body 11, two chambers are sequentially arranged on the side of the accommodation cavity 111 away from the first opening, which are respectively defined as the second chamber 112 and the third chamber 113, that is, the first chamber 121, the second chamber 112 and the third chamber 113 are sequentially distributed along the axial direction of the seat body 11. The first chamber 121, the second chamber 112 and the third chamber 113 are respectively communicated with the outside of the valve body 1. For example Figure 7 or Figure 8 As shown, valve ports are respectively arranged on the side wall of the valve body 1 corresponding to the accommodation cavity 111, the second chamber 112 and the third chamber 113. The accommodation cavity 111, the second chamber 112 and the third chamber 113 are respectively communicated with the outside of the valve body 1 through the corresponding valve ports. Now, the valve port corresponding to the communication with the accommodation cavity 111 is defined as the first valve port 117, the valve port corresponding to the communication with the second chamber 112 is defined as the second valve port 118, and the valve port corresponding to the communication with the third chamber 113 is defined as the third valve port 119. Among them, the first valve port 117 and the third valve port 119 can be used as two outlets of a three-way solenoid valve, and the second valve port 118 can be used as an inlet of a three-way solenoid valve. A through hole 123 communicating the first chamber 121 and the first valve port 117 is further provided on the sealing seat 12. Further, in order to facilitate connection with external pipelines, each valve port can be designed as a hollow tubular pipe interface extending outward.

[0043] A through port is provided on the sealing seat 12, which is defined as the first through port 122, and the first through port 122 faces the second chamber 112. The second chamber 112 and the third chamber 113 are communicated through a through port, which is defined as the second through port 114. The accommodation cavity 111 and the second chamber 112 are communicated through a through port, which is defined as the third through port 115. The first through port 122 and the third through port 115 are communicated, so that the first chamber 121 and the second chamber 112 are communicated. The size of the first through port 122 is smaller than that of the third through port 115. On the side of the sealing seat 12 away from the third through port 115, that is, on the side of the sealing seat 12 corresponding to the first opening, an opening is provided, which is defined as the second opening. The driving assembly 2 is arranged at the second opening, that is, on the side of the first chamber 121 away from the second chamber 112.

[0044] The driving assembly 2 is preferably composed of a static iron core 21 and a coil 22 matching the static iron core 21. The static iron core 21 and the coil 22 are fixedly connected to the valve body 1 through a driving housing 23, and further preferably fixedly connected to the seat body 11, such as Figures 5 to 8As shown. It should be noted that a fixing base 6 is further provided between the driving housing 23 and the base body 11 schematically shown in the figure. The fixing base 6 has a fixing hole 61 for fixing the entire solenoid valve. However, in specific implementation, the setting position of the fixing base 6 is not limited to this. The fixing base 6 can be fixedly arranged at any position of the valve body 1 according to needs. Of course, the fixing base 6 can also be an integrally formed partial structure on the base body 11, etc. In specific implementation, when an electric current is applied to the coil 22, the static iron core 21 will be magnetized by the magnetic field of the energized coil 22 and thus become a magnet, which can attract ferromagnetic materials.

[0045] The sealing assembly 3 includes a transmission rod 31 and an elastic seal 32. The transmission rod 31 passes through the first through port 122 and the second through port 114 respectively. The elastic seal 32 is sleeved on the transmission rod 31 and is located in the second chamber 112. The elastic seal 32 has elasticity in the axial direction of the transmission rod 31. The transmission rod 31 is correspondingly arranged with the static iron core 21. As Figure 7 or Figure 8 shown, the bottom end of the transmission rod 31 is movably connected to the base body 11. It should be noted that the movable connection here means that the transmission rod 31 can move axially relative to the base body 11. For example, a concave hole matching the transmission rod 31 is provided on the inner wall of the third chamber 113 corresponding to the transmission rod 31, and the axial direction of the concave hole is the same as the axial direction of the transmission rod 31. During assembly, one end of the transmission rod 31 is inserted into the concave hole. In this way, when the transmission rod 31 receives an axial force in the direction away from the concave hole, the transmission rod 31 can move axially in the concave hole. A slider 4 is fixedly arranged at one end of the transmission rod 31 facing the static iron core 21. The slider 4 and the transmission rod 31 can be fixed by means such as riveting or snap ring fixing. The slider 4 is ferromagnetic. As Figure 7 or Figure 8As shown in the figure, there is a certain spacing space between the static iron core 21 and the fixed seat 6. A through hole is provided in the fixed seat 6 corresponding to the ferromagnetic body, and the through hole communicates the spacing space with the first chamber 121. One end of the transmission rod 31 passes through the through hole, and the slider 4 is located in the through hole. To ensure the stability of the slider 4 sliding in the through hole, a guiding portion 62 can extend outward from the edge of the through hole. An elastic member 5 is further provided between the slider 4 and the static iron core 21, and the elastic member 5 has elasticity in the axial direction of the transmission rod 31. The elastic member 5 is preferably a spring, one end of which abuts against the transmission rod 31 or the slider 4, and the other end abuts against the static iron core 21. To ensure that the spring will not come off or skew, a groove for accommodating the spring can be provided on the side of the static iron core 21 facing the slider 4. And the other end of the spring can be sleeved on the transmission rod 31, etc. In this way, when the coil 22 is energized, the magnetized static iron core 21 will attract the slider 4, and then drive the transmission rod 31 to axially move upward against the acting force of the elastic member 5; when the coil 22 is de-energized, under the elastic force of the elastic member 5, the transmission rod 31 will axially move downward and return to the initial position. Further, to ensure that the slider 4 can be driven more easily, a balance flow channel 41 is preferably provided on the slider 4 to communicate the spacing space and the first chamber 121, so as to ensure that the pressures in the upstream and downstream chambers of the slider 4 can be balanced.

[0046] The three-way solenoid valve of the present application also preferably adopts a "work" - shaped sealing structure, but realizes the two - select - one blocking of the first port 122 and the second port 114 in the second chamber 112, so as to realize the flow channel switching. The elastic seal 32 is preferably composed of a first seal 321, a second seal 322 and an elastic member 323, as Figure 7 or Figure 8 shown. The first seal 321 and the second seal 322 are preferably in a disc shape and are respectively sleeved on the transmission rod 31. The size of the first seal 321 is larger than the size of the first port 122, and the size of the second seal 322 is larger than the size of the second port 114. The elastic member 323 is located between the first seal 321 and the second seal 322, and the elastic member 323 has elasticity in the axial direction of the transmission rod 31. The elastic member 323 is preferably a spring, and its two ends respectively abut against the first seal 321 and the second seal 322.

[0047] A first stop structure 311 and a second stop structure 312 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction on the transmission rod 31. The elastic seal 32 is arranged between the first stop structure 311 and the second stop structure 312. The first stop structure 311 and the second stop structure 312 respectively limit the movement of the elastic seal 32 on the transmission rod 31. The first stop structure 311 and the second stop structure 312 can both be independent components such as bushings fixedly connected to the transmission rod 31, or can both be partial structures integrally formed with the transmission rod 31, or one can be an independent component and the other can be integrally formed. As Figure 7 or Figure 8 shown, schematically shown in the figure, the first stop structure 311 is a bump integrally formed on the transmission rod 31, and the second stop structure 312 is a bushing. During assembly, the elastic seal 32 can be installed on the transmission rod 31, and then the bushing, preferably made of plastic, can be fixed to the transmission rod 31 by using existing means such as hot melt welding to complete the assembly. When both the first stop structure 311 and the second stop structure 312 are bumps integrally formed on the transmission rod 31, the first seal 321 and the second seal 322 can be sleeved on the transmission rod 31 in a clamping manner. For example, a notch communicating with its central hole is opened on the seal, and then the seal is sleeved on the transmission rod 31 through the notch, and then the notch is locked and closed with fasteners such as screws. The number of the elastic members 323 is not limited to one, and can also be multiple and arranged around the transmission rod 31.

[0048] In addition, it should be noted that for the setting positions of the first stop structure 311 and the second stop structure 312, it is necessary to ensure that when the coil 22 is energized, the electromagnetic force exerted by the static iron core 21 on the slider 4 is greater than the elastic force of the elastic member 5, and the transmission rod 31 is driven to move axially upward until the static iron core 21 and the slider 4 are attracted or nearly attracted, the first seal 321 can abut against the upper side wall of the second chamber 112, that is, the upper seal end 124, so as to block the first through port 122, as Figure 7As shown in the figure, this position is defined as the first position of the elastic seal 32. At this time, the second seal 322 no longer blocks the second through port 114, and fluids such as coolant in the external pipeline connected to the second valve port 118 can flow into the third chamber 113 through the second through port 114, and then flow out from the third valve port 119. Preferably, when the elastic seal 32 blocks the first through port 122, the elastic seal 32 is in a compressed state, that is, after the first seal 321 abuts against the upper side wall of the second chamber 112, the transmission rod 31 will move upward a set distance, so that the first seal 321 blocks the first through port 122 more tightly. When the coil 22 is powered off, the transmission rod 31 moves axially downward under the elastic force of the elastic member 5, and the first stop structure 311 limits the elastic seal 32, driving the elastic seal 32 to move towards the second through port 114 until the second seal 322 abuts against the lower side wall of the second chamber 112, that is, the lower seal end 116, to block the second through port 114, as Figure 8 shown in the figure, this position is defined as the second position of the elastic seal 32. At this time, the first seal 321 no longer blocks the first through port 122, and fluids such as coolant in the external pipeline connected to the second valve port 118 can flow into the first chamber 121 through the first through port 122, and then flow out from the first valve port 117. Preferably, when the elastic seal 32 blocks the second through port 114, the elastic seal 32 is in a compressed state, that is, after the second seal 322 abuts against the lower side wall of the second chamber 112, the elastic force applied by the elastic member 5 to the transmission rod 31 or the slider 4 is greater than the elastic force of the elastic seal 32, so that the second seal 322 blocks the second through port 114 more tightly.

[0049] Through the above design, the use of the elastic seal 32 effectively avoids the problem that the accumulation of part processing tolerances affects the seal, thereby ensuring that the total stroke of the movement of the transmission rod 31 remains unchanged, that is, the magnetic gap remains unchanged. Furthermore, there is no need to deal with the problem of the accumulation of part processing tolerances by increasing the initial magnetic gap (electromagnetic force).

[0050] In a further embodiment, an elastic sealing material is provided between the elastic seal 32 and the transmission rod 31. For example, an elastic sealing material is provided between the first seal 321 and the transmission rod 31 and between the second seal 322 and the transmission rod 31. In this way, on the one hand, it can play a sealing role to prevent leakage caused by the existence of a gap between the first seal 321 or the second seal 322 and the transmission rod 31; on the other hand, after the first seal 321 or the second seal 322 is sleeved on the transmission rod 31, the first seal 321 or the second seal 322 can swing and shake on the transmission rod 31 by a certain amplitude. Furthermore, even if there is a certain degree of unevenness on the surface of the seal, such as one side being thick and the other side being thin, the matching flatness between the sealing surface of the seal and the sealed through-port can be automatically adjusted, thereby effectively reducing the part processing cost and the process manufacturing cost.

[0051] In a further embodiment, sealing structures 324 are respectively provided on both end sides of the elastic seal 32 in the axial direction of the transmission rod 31. Preferably, the sealing structure 324 is an O-ring, for example, it can be integrally injection-molded with the first seal 321 or the second seal 322. The first seal 321 and the second seal 322 are preferably made of PA66 plastic material, and the sealing structure 324 is preferably made of EPDM material. And the size of the O-ring is larger than the first through-port 122 or the second through-port 114. By providing the sealing structures 324 at both ends of the elastic seal 32, the sealing effect of the elastic seal 32 on the first through-port 122 or the second through-port 114 can be enhanced, and at the same time, it can also prevent the first seal 321 or the second seal 322 from directly abutting and colliding with the inner wall of the second chamber 112, reducing the risk of component damage, thereby extending the service life of the product.

[0052] Next, the influence of the tolerance accumulation of each component in the three-way solenoid valve of the present application on the magnetic gap will be described as follows:

[0053] When the valve body 1 of the present application also adopts conventional processing techniques, tolerance accumulation will also occur at the upper sealing end 124 and the lower sealing end 116. Assuming it is similar to the prior art, it is also +0.5 to -0.3 mm, that is, the distance between the upper sealing end 124 or the lower sealing end 116 and the reference plane (such as the flange mounting surface of the drive housing 23) may be 0.5 mm farther than the theoretical position, as shown in a of the figure, where the dotted line drawn in the figure is the reference plane; it may also be 0.3 mm closer than the theoretical position, as shown in c of the figure; there may also be a zero-tolerance situation, as shown in Figure 9 a of the figure, where the dotted line drawn in the figure is the reference plane; it may also be 0.3 mm closer than the theoretical position, as shown in Figure 9 c of the figure; there may also be a zero-tolerance situation, as shown in Figure 9As shown in b, there are also three cases of tolerance accumulation (the illustration is only for demonstration, and the proportion is slightly exaggerated for clear display and does not represent the actual proportion).

[0054] When powered off, under the action of the elastic member 5, the transmission rod 31 drives the elastic seal 32 to move downward, and the first seal 321 pushes the elastic member 323 to push the second seal 322 against the lower seal end 116, thereby blocking the second through port 114. By setting the stroke of the elastic member 5, it can be ensured that in all three cases of tolerance accumulation, the lower seal end 116 can be effectively sealed, that is, the second through port 114 can be blocked.

[0055] When powered on, the electromagnetic force overcomes the acting force of the elastic member 5, the transmission rod 31 drives the elastic seal 32 to move upward, and the second seal 322 pushes the elastic member 323 to push the first seal 321 against the upper seal end 124, thereby blocking the first through port 122. Figure 9 It can be seen that in the three cases of tolerance accumulation, the upper seal end 124 is located at different positions. However, since the first seal 321 and the transmission rod 31 are not fixed and can move up and down relative to the transmission rod 31, after the first seal 321 abuts against the upper seal end 124, the transmission rod 31 can still move upward, and the transmission rod 31 can finally reach the same position, that is, the position where the slider 4 and the static iron core 21 are attracted. Therefore, the lower end surface of the static iron core 21 only needs to be arranged above the transmission rod 31. No matter which case of tolerance accumulation Figure 9 is, the distance (i.e., the magnetic gap) between the lower end surface of the static iron core 21 and the slider 4 is the minimum value, that is, close to 0. That is, the magnetic gap of the solenoid valve is not affected by the accumulated tolerance. During the energized operation, the minimum distance of the magnetic gap of the solenoid valve can reach the theoretical minimum value, and all the accumulated tolerances are eliminated by the elastic seal 32.

[0056] According to the present application, to achieve a larger flow rate (for example, 16 L / min), the stroke needs to reach 4 mm (that is, a larger opening is required). Under the conventional processing level, the tolerance accumulation at the seal end is +0.5 to -0.3 mm. From the previous analysis, since this accumulated tolerance does not affect the size of the magnetic gap, that is, only a corresponding magnetic gap needs to be reserved for the stroke (for example, slightly larger than 4 mm, and 4.2 mm can be actually selected). For the electromagnetic coil 22 in the existing design, the electromagnetic force can still meet the requirements at 4.2 mm. Therefore, the coil 22 in the existing design can be used for design without providing a larger coil 22 to increase the electromagnetic force, thereby avoiding the increase in the energy consumption, weight, and cost of the solenoid valve, which is beneficial to energy conservation and environmental protection; and there is no need to adopt a higher processing cost to further reduce the processing error of each component to reduce the error accumulation.

[0057] In this text, the terms "comprise", "include" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. In addition to the recited elements, other elements not expressly listed may also be included.

[0058] In this text, the directional terms such as front, rear, upper, lower, etc. are defined based on the positions of the components in the drawings and the positions of the components relative to each other, solely for the sake of clarity and convenience in expressing the technical solution. It should be understood that the use of these directional terms should not limit the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0059] Where there is no conflict, the above-mentioned embodiments and the features in the embodiments in this text may be combined with each other.

[0060] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-leakage three-way solenoid valve, characterized in that, It includes a valve body (1), a driving component (2) and a sealing component (3). The valve body (1) sequentially includes a first chamber (121), a second chamber (112) and a third chamber (113) along the axial direction. The first chamber (121), the second chamber (112) and the third chamber (113) are respectively communicated with the outside of the valve body (1). The first chamber (121) and the second chamber (112) are communicated through a first through port (122). The second chamber (112) and the third chamber (113) are communicated through a second through port (114). The sealing component (3) includes a transmission rod (31) and an elastic seal (32). The transmission rod (31) passes through the first through port (122) and the second through port (114) respectively. The elastic seal (32) is sleeved on the transmission rod (31) and is located in the second chamber (112). The elastic seal (32) has elasticity in the axial direction of the transmission rod (31). The driving component (2) can drive the transmission rod (31) to move axially, thereby driving the elastic seal (32) to move between a first position and a second position. Wherein, the elastic seal (32) located at the first position blocks the first through port (122), and the elastic seal (32) located at the second position blocks the second through port (114). And when the elastic seal (32) blocks the first through port (122) or the second through port (114), it is in a compressed state; A first stop structure (311) and a second stop structure (312) are arranged at intervals along the axial direction on the transmission rod (31). The elastic seal (32) is arranged between the first stop structure (311) and the second stop structure (312). The first stop structure (311) and the second stop structure (312) respectively limit the movement of the elastic seal (32) on the transmission rod (31); The driving component (2) is arranged on one side of the first chamber (121) away from the second chamber (112). The driving component (2) includes a static iron core (21) and a coil (22) matching with the static iron core (21). The static iron core (21) is correspondingly arranged with the transmission rod (31). A ferromagnetic slider (4) is arranged at one end of the transmission rod (31) facing the static iron core (21). An elastic component (5) is arranged between the slider (4) and the static iron core (21). The elastic component (5) has elasticity in the axial direction of the transmission rod (31).

2. The low-leakage three-way solenoid valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic sealing member (32) comprises a first sealing member (321), a second sealing member (322) and an elastic member (323); the first sealing member (321) and the second sealing member (322) are respectively sleeved on the transmission rod (31); the elastic member (323) is located between the first sealing member (321) and the second sealing member (322); and the elastic member (323) is elastic in the axial direction of the transmission rod (31).

3. The low-leakage three-way solenoid valve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, An elastic sealing material is provided between the elastic sealing member (32) and the transmission rod (31).

4. The low-leakage three-way solenoid valve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The elastic sealing member (32) is provided with sealing structures (324) at both end sides in the axial direction of the transmission rod (31).

5. The low-leakage three-way solenoid valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first stop structure (311) and / or the second stop structure (312) are independent components fixedly arranged on the transmission rod (31).

6. The low-leakage three-way solenoid valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first stop structure (311) and / or the second stop structure (312) are integrally formed with the transmission rod (31).

7. The low-leakage three-way solenoid valve according to claim 1, wherein The valve body (1) comprises a seat body (11) and a sealing seat (12); a receiving chamber (111) is arranged in the seat body (11); a first opening communicating with the receiving chamber (111) is arranged on one side of the seat body (11); the receiving chamber (111) is communicated with the outside of the seat body (11) via a first valve port (117); the second chamber (112) and the third chamber (113) are arranged in sequence on a side of the receiving chamber (111) in the seat body (11) away from the first opening; the second chamber (112) and the receiving chamber (111) are communicated with each other via a third opening (115); The sealing seat (12) is arranged in the accommodating cavity (111), the first chamber (121) is formed in the sealing seat (12), the first opening (122) is arranged on the sealing seat (12) and is connected to the third opening (115) toward the second chamber (112), the size of the first opening (122) is smaller than the third opening (115), the sealing seat (12) is provided with a through hole (123) connecting the first chamber (121) and the first valve port (117), and the sealing seat (12) is provided with a second opening on a side facing away from the third opening (115). The driving component (2) is arranged at the second opening.

8. The low-leakage three-way solenoid valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also comprises a fixing seat (6), the fixing seat (6) being fixedly connected to the valve body (1), and a fixing hole (61) being provided on the fixing seat (6).

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