Dump Truck

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application discloses a dump truck, including: a frame; a first axle, a second axle, a third axle and a fourth axle, wherein the first axle, the second axle, the third axle and the fourth axle are arranged in sequence, the first axle, the second axle and the third axle are connected to the frame in the longitudinal direction by a pull rod, and the fourth axle is connected to the frame by rotating the frame; a first drive assembly, wherein the first drive assembly is connected to the second axle and the third axle, and is used to provide power for the dump truck. The dump truck provided in the embodiment of the present application includes the ability to increase the number of axles, significantly improve the carrying capacity, increase the single transport volume, improve the transport efficiency, and reduce the mining cost. Moreover, the dump truck is not restricted by the supporting system of key components such as axles and suspensions, has low cost, and can increase the single transport volume by more than 25%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a dump truck. Background Art

[0002] Off-road wide-body dump trucks are widely used in large open-pit mines and water conservancy facilities due to their good product performance. Large mining areas have poor road conditions, many slopes, and dense curves. It is very difficult to improve transportation efficiency by increasing transportation speed; therefore, large off-road wide-body dump trucks that increase single-trip transportation volume have become the only development direction. The single-trip transportation volume of dump trucks in traditional technology is low and cannot meet transportation needs. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related art.

[0004] In view of this, an embodiment of the present application proposes a dump truck, comprising:

[0005] Frame;

[0006] A first axle, a second axle, a third axle and a fourth axle, wherein the first axle, the second axle, the third axle and the fourth axle are arranged in sequence and spaced apart from each other, the first axle, the second axle and the third axle are connected to the frame in the longitudinal direction through a tie rod, and the fourth axle is connected to the frame through a rotating frame;

[0007] A first drive assembly is connected to the second axle and the third axle and is used to provide power for the dump truck.

[0008] In a feasible implementation manner, the first axle, the second axle, the third axle and the fourth axle are vertically connected to the frame via a load-bearing cylinder.

[0009] In a feasible implementation manner, the first driving assembly includes: an engine and a transmission shaft, the output end of the engine is connected to the transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft is connected to the second axle and the third axle;

[0010] In a feasible implementation manner, the dump truck further includes: a second drive assembly, the second drive assembly being connected to the fourth axle and configured to drive the fourth axle;

[0011] Wherein, the second driving assembly includes: an electric driving unit, and the electric driving unit is connected to the fourth axle and is used to drive the fourth axle.

[0012] In a feasible implementation manner, the dump truck further includes: a double-axle steering hydraulic system, the double-axle steering hydraulic system including:

[0013] Hydraulic oil tank;

[0014] A double gear pump, the double gear pump is connected to the hydraulic oil tank;

[0015] A front steering gear connected to the duplex gear pump;

[0016] A front steering cylinder, the front steering cylinder is connected to the front steering gear, and the front steering cylinder is connected to the first axle;

[0017] A rear steering gear connected to the double gear pump;

[0018] A rear steering cylinder is connected to the rear steering gear, and the rear steering cylinder is connected to the fourth axle.

[0019] In a feasible implementation manner, the dual-axle steering hydraulic system further includes:

[0020] A front steering priority valve, the front steering priority valve being arranged between the double gear pump and the front steering gear;

[0021] A rear steering priority valve, the rear steering priority valve being arranged between the double gear pump and the rear steering gear;

[0022] A front steering angle sensor connected to the front steering cylinder;

[0023] A rear steering angle sensor connected to the rear steering cylinder;

[0024] The vehicle sensor, the front turning angle sensor and the rear turning angle sensor are connected to the vehicle sensor.

[0025] In a feasible implementation manner, the dump truck further includes:

[0026] A filter is provided between the duplex gear pump and the front steering priority valve and between the duplex gear pump and the rear steering priority valve.

[0027] In a possible implementation manner, the rotation angle of the fourth axle is determined based on the distances between the first axle, the second axle, the third axle and the fourth axle and the rotation angle of the first axle.

[0028] In a feasible implementation manner, the rotation angle of the fourth axle satisfies the following formula:

[0029] γ=m×arctan{(L3+L2÷2)÷[(L1+L2÷2)×cotα+B'÷2]}

[0030] Wherein, M is the correction coefficient, L3 is the wheelbase between the fourth axle and the third axle, L2 is the wheelbase between the third axle and the second axle, L1 is the wheelbase between the second axle and the first axle, α is the turning angle of the first axle, and B' is the kingpin center distance of the first axle.

[0031] In a feasible implementation manner, the rotating frame is in a herringbone shape.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the dump truck provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a frame, a first axle, a second axle, a third axle, a fourth axle and a first drive assembly. During use, the number of axles can be increased by setting the first axle, the second axle, the third axle and the fourth axle, which can significantly improve the carrying capacity, increase the single transport volume, improve the transport efficiency and reduce the mining cost. Moreover, the dump truck is not restricted by the supporting system of key components such as axles and suspensions, has low cost and can increase the single transport volume by more than 25%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present application. Also, the same reference symbols are used throughout the accompanying drawings to represent the same components. In the accompanying drawings:

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a dump truck according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a double-axle steering hydraulic system for a dump truck according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a double-axle steering hydraulic system for a dump truck according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the wheelbase of a dump truck according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0038] in, Figures 1 to 4 The corresponding relationship between the reference numerals and the component names is as follows:

[0039] 1 frame, 2 first axle, 3 second axle, 4 third axle, 5 fourth axle, 6 tie rod, 7 load-bearing cylinder, 8 rotating frame, 9 engine, 10 transmission shaft, 11 hydraulic oil tank, 12 double gear pump, 13 front steering gear, 14 front steering cylinder, 15 rear steering gear, 16 rear steering cylinder, 17 front steering priority valve, 18 rear steering priority valve, 19 front steering angle sensor, 20 rear steering angle sensor, 21 vehicle sensor, 22 filter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to better understand the above-mentioned technical scheme, the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application is described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application and the specific features in the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application, rather than limitations on the technical scheme of the present application. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the technical features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, an embodiment of the present application proposes a dump truck, comprising: a frame 1; a first axle 2, a second axle 3, a third axle 4 and a fourth axle 5, the first axle 2, the second axle 3, the third axle 4 and the fourth axle 5 are arranged in sequence, the first axle 2, the second axle 3, the third axle 4 and the fourth axle 5 are connected to the frame 1 in the longitudinal direction through a pull rod 6, and the fourth axle 5 is connected to the frame 1 through a rotating frame 8; a first drive assembly, the first drive assembly is connected to the second axle 3 and the third axle 4, and is used to provide power for the dump truck.

[0042] The dump truck provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a frame 1, a first axle 2, a second axle 3, a third axle 4, a fourth axle 5 and a first drive assembly. During use, the number of axles can be increased by setting the first axle 2, the second axle 3, the third axle 4 and the fourth axle 5, which can significantly improve the carrying capacity, increase the single transport volume, improve the transport efficiency and reduce the mining cost. Moreover, the dump truck is not restricted by the supporting system of key components such as axles and suspensions, has low cost, and can increase the single transport volume by more than 25%.

[0043] It can be understood that the dump truck can obtain sufficient driving force by connecting the first drive assembly to the second axle 3 and the third axle 4, and the fourth axle 5 is connected to the frame 1 through the rotating frame 8, so that the fourth axle 5 has a steering function. Such a setting can reduce the turning radius of the vehicle and improve the vehicle's adaptability to mining areas, so that the dump truck provided in the embodiment of the present application is particularly suitable for use as an off-road wide-body dump truck, and is particularly suitable for use in the fields of mining and water conservancy technology.

[0044] It can be understood that the first axle 2, the second axle 3, and the third axle 4 are connected to the frame 1 in the longitudinal direction through the tie rod 6, so that the longitudinal connection of the first axle 2, the second axle 3, and the third axle 4 is more reliable.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, in some examples, the second axle 3 and the third axle 4 use a through-type tandem drive axle.

[0046] The dump truck provided in the embodiment of the present application can meet the requirements of vehicle matching and selection by using mature domestic parts and components, thereby reducing the cost of the dump truck.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, in a feasible implementation manner, the first axle 2 , the second axle 3 , the third axle 4 and the fourth axle 5 are vertically connected to the frame 1 via a load-bearing cylinder 7 .

[0048] In this technical solution, the first axle 2, the second axle 3, the third axle 4 and the fourth axle 5 are vertically connected to the frame 1 through the load-bearing cylinder 7, so that the vertical connection of the first axle 2, the second axle 3, the third axle 4 and the fourth axle 5 is more reliable, and at the same time, the first axle 2, the second axle 3, the third axle 4 and the fourth axle 5 have a certain degree of freedom in the vertical direction, and the operation of the dump truck is safer.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, in a feasible implementation manner, the first driving assembly includes: an engine 9 and a transmission shaft 10, the output end of the engine 9 is connected to the transmission shaft 10, and the transmission shaft 10 is connected to the second axle 3 and the third axle 4;

[0050] In a feasible embodiment, the dump truck also includes: a second drive assembly, the second drive assembly is connected to the fourth axle 5, and is used to drive the fourth axle 5; wherein the second drive assembly includes: an electric drive unit, the electric drive unit is connected to the fourth axle 5, and is used to drive the fourth axle 5.

[0051] In this technical solution, the dump truck may further include a second drive assembly, which can be used to drive the fourth axle 5. Such a configuration can further reduce the turning radius of the vehicle and improve the vehicle's adaptability to mining areas, making the dump truck provided in the embodiment of the present application particularly suitable as an off-road wide-body dump truck, and particularly suitable for use in the fields of mining and water conservancy technology.

[0052] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, in a feasible embodiment, the dump truck also includes: a double-axle steering hydraulic system, the double-axle steering hydraulic system includes: a hydraulic oil tank 11; a double gear pump 12, the double gear pump 12 is connected to the hydraulic oil tank 11; a front steering gear 13, the front steering gear 13 is connected to the double gear pump 12; a front steering cylinder 14, the front steering cylinder 14 is connected to the front steering gear 13, and the front steering cylinder 14 is connected to the first axle 2; a rear steering gear 15, the rear steering gear 15 is connected to the double gear pump 12; a rear steering cylinder 16, the rear steering cylinder 16 is connected to the rear steering gear 15, and the rear steering cylinder 16 is connected to the fourth axle 5.

[0053] In this technical solution, the dump truck may also include a double-axle steering hydraulic system, which may include a hydraulic oil tank 11, a double gear pump 12, a front steering gear 13, a front steering cylinder 14, a rear steering gear 15 and a rear steering cylinder 16. Based on this, the first axle 2 and the fourth axle 5 are steered by the double-axle steering hydraulic system, and then used in combination with the first drive assembly and the second drive assembly, the dump truck can be powered by hybrid power, which can improve the power of the entire vehicle.

[0054] In some examples, the control strategy of the double-axle steering hydraulic system is: the fourth axle 5 satisfies the tangent function relationship according to the ratio of the single adjustment flow and the turning angle difference, and the fourth axle 5 unidirectionally fits the control method of the theoretical turning angle; this strategy realizes double-axle steering as soon as possible and avoids repeated adjustment of the fourth axle 5, which causes the fourth axle 5 to swing continuously.

[0055] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in a feasible embodiment, the double-axle steering hydraulic system also includes: a front steering priority valve 17, which is arranged between the duplex gear pump 12 and the front steering gear 13; a rear steering priority valve 18, which is arranged between the duplex gear pump 12 and the rear steering gear 15; a front steering angle sensor 19, which is connected to the front steering cylinder 14; a rear steering angle sensor 20, which is connected to the rear steering cylinder 16; and a vehicle sensor 21, which is connected to the front angle sensor 19 and the rear angle sensor 20.

[0056] In this technical solution, the double-axle steering hydraulic system may further include a front steering priority valve 17 and a rear steering priority valve 18. This arrangement facilitates the control of the supply of hydraulic oil. By configuring a front steering angle sensor 19 and a rear steering angle sensor 20, it is convenient to obtain the steering angle information of the first axle 2 and the fourth axle 5.

[0057] like Figure 2As shown, the double gear pump 12 is divided into two routes to pump oil from the hydraulic oil tank 11 to the double-axle steering hydraulic system. One route passes through the front steering priority valve 17 to the front steering gear 13. The driver's steering operation controls the front steering cylinder 14 through the front steering gear 13 to realize the steering of the first axle 2. The other route passes through the rear steering priority valve 18 to the rear steering gear 15; the vehicle controller calculates the theoretical turning angle value of the fourth axle 5 through the turning angle information input by the front turning angle sensor 19, and controls the movement of the rear steering cylinder 16 according to the input control signal to the rear steering gear 15 to realize the rear axle steering of the fourth axle 5. During the adjustment process, the turning angle value fed back by the rear turning angle sensor 20 is fed back to the vehicle controller, and the control strategy is to adjust the flow rate and the turning angle difference ratio to meet the tangent function relationship in a single time, and the fourth axle 5 unidirectionally fits the theoretical turning angle, so that the turning angle value of the fourth axle 5 is constantly close to the theoretical turning angle value.

[0058] In a feasible implementation manner, the dump truck further includes: a filter 22 , which is disposed between the double gear pump 12 and the front steering priority valve 17 and between the double gear pump 12 and the rear steering priority valve 18 .

[0059] In this technical solution, the dump truck may further include a filter 22. The filter 22 can filter the hydraulic pressure, thereby further ensuring the working stability of the double-axle steering hydraulic system.

[0060] like Figure 3 As shown, the double gear pump 12 is equipped with a filter 22 before entering the front steering priority valve 17 and the rear steering priority valve 18. This ensures the service life of the steering system valve block. The front steering gear 13 adopts a BZZ type full-liquid steering gear, whose rotating shaft is directly connected to the steering wheel shaft. The rear steering gear 15 is a PVG type electronically controlled steering slide valve, which can control the flow and direction of the hydraulic oil flowing into the rear steering cylinder 16 according to the input voltage signal of the vehicle controller.

[0061] In a possible implementation manner, the rotation angle of the fourth axle 5 is determined based on the distances between the first axle 2 , the second axle 3 , the third axle 4 and the fourth axle 5 and the rotation angle of the first axle 2 .

[0062] In this technical solution, a method for determining the turning angle of the fourth axle 5 is further provided. The turning angle of the fourth axle 5 is determined based on the spacing between the first axle 2, the second axle 3, the third axle 4 and the fourth axle 5 and the turning angle of the first axle 2, so that the turning angle of the fourth axle 5 is associated with the first axle 2, the second axle 3 and the third axle 4. Such a setting can reduce the probability of frequent tail swinging of the fourth axle 5, while reducing the turning radius of the vehicle and improving the vehicle's adaptability to mining areas, so that the dump truck provided in the embodiment of the present application is particularly suitable as an off-road wide-body dump truck, and is particularly suitable for use in the fields of mining and water conservancy technology.

[0063] In a feasible implementation manner, the rotation angle of the fourth axle 5 satisfies the following formula:

[0064] γ=m×arctan{(L3+L2÷2)÷[(L1+L2÷2)×cotα+B'÷2]}

[0065] like Figure 4 As shown, B1 is the wheelbase, m is the correction coefficient, L3 is the wheelbase between the fourth axle 5 and the third axle 4, L2 is the wheelbase between the third axle 4 and the second axle 3, L1 is the wheelbase between the second axle 3 and the first axle 2, α is the turning angle of the first axle 2, and B' is the kingpin center distance of the first axle 2.

[0066] In this technical solution, the calculation formula for the turning angle of the fourth axle 5 is further clarified. Such a setting can further reduce the probability of frequent tail swinging of the fourth axle 5, while reducing the turning radius of the vehicle and improving the vehicle's adaptability to mining areas, making the dump truck provided in the embodiment of the present application particularly suitable as an off-road wide-body dump truck, and particularly suitable for use in the fields of mining and water conservancy technology.

[0067] In some examples, m is determined based on tire pressure and axle attitude.

[0068] In a feasible implementation manner, the rotating frame 8 is in a herringbone shape, so that the fourth axle 5 can be fixed more reliably.

[0069] In some examples, the dump truck may further include tires, which are connected to the first axle 2, the second axle 3, the third axle 4 and the fourth axle 5. The tires may be 16.00R25 tires, which can significantly reduce tire use costs, lower the center of gravity and improve safety.

[0070] In the present invention, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "plurality" refers to two or more, unless otherwise clearly defined. The terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "connected" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0071] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as “upper”, “lower”, “left”, “right”, “front” and “back” are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or unit referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore, cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0072] In the description of this specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "specific embodiments", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0073] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dump truck, characterized in that: include: Frame; A first axle, a second axle, a third axle and a fourth axle, wherein the first axle, the second axle, the third axle and the fourth axle are arranged in sequence and spaced apart from each other, the first axle, the second axle and the third axle are connected to the frame in the longitudinal direction through a tie rod, and the fourth axle is connected to the frame through a rotating frame; a first drive assembly, the first drive assembly being connected to the second axle and the third axle and being used to provide power for the dump truck; The dump truck further comprises: a double-axle steering hydraulic system, wherein the double-axle steering hydraulic system comprises: Hydraulic oil tank; A double gear pump, the double gear pump is connected to the hydraulic oil tank; A front steering gear connected to the duplex gear pump; A front steering cylinder, the front steering cylinder is connected to the front steering gear, and the front steering cylinder is connected to the first axle; A rear steering gear connected to the double gear pump; A rear steering cylinder, the rear steering cylinder is connected to the rear steering gear, and the rear steering cylinder is connected to the fourth axle; The dual-axle steering hydraulic system also includes: A front steering priority valve, the front steering priority valve being arranged between the double gear pump and the front steering gear; A rear steering priority valve, the rear steering priority valve being arranged between the double gear pump and the rear steering gear; A front steering angle sensor connected to the front steering cylinder; A rear steering angle sensor connected to the rear steering cylinder; A whole vehicle sensor, the front turning angle sensor and the rear turning angle sensor are connected to the whole vehicle sensor; The dump truck further comprises: A filter, wherein the filter is arranged between the double gear pump and the front steering priority valve and between the double gear pump and the rear steering priority valve; The rotation angle of the fourth axle satisfies the following formula: ； Wherein, m is the correction coefficient, L3 is the wheelbase between the fourth axle and the third axle, L2 is the wheelbase between the third axle and the second axle, and L1 is the wheelbase between the second axle and the first axle. is the rotation angle of the first axle, is the kingpin center distance of the first axle.

2. The dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the vertical direction, the first axle, the second axle, the third axle and the fourth axle are connected to the frame through a load-bearing cylinder.

3. The dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first driving assembly includes: an engine and a transmission shaft, the output end of the engine is connected to the transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft is connected to the second axle and the third axle.

4. The dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: a second driving assembly, the second driving assembly being connected to the fourth axle and configured to drive the fourth axle; Wherein, the second driving assembly includes: an electric driving unit, and the electric driving unit is connected to the fourth axle and is used to drive the fourth axle.

5. The dump truck according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The rotation angle of the fourth axle is determined based on the spacings between the first axle, the second axle, the third axle, and the fourth axle and the rotation angle of the first axle.

6. The dump truck according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The rotating frame is in a herringbone shape.

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