A methanol reforming hydrogen production fuel cell electric ship with safe hydrogen use and a driving method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a methanol reforming hydrogen production fuel cell electric ship and a driving method thereof for safe use of hydrogen. A fuel tank is provided on the hull, a methanol water tank is provided in the fuel tank, a methanol reforming hydrogen production system, a fuel cell system, a solid hydrogen storage tank, a battery pack and a passive hydrogen removal compound are provided in the fuel power generation cabin, the methanol water tank is connected to the methanol reforming hydrogen production system, the fuel cell system is respectively connected to the methanol reforming hydrogen production system, the battery pack, the driving system and the solid hydrogen storage tank, and the passive hydrogen removal compound is placed on the surrounding bulkheads and cabin top in the fuel power generation cabin. The present invention uses methanol solution and solid hydrogen storage tanks to replace traditional high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks to store hydrogen, thereby increasing the hydrogen storage capacity and safety, and is more suitable for long-distance and long-term travel of large electric ships; the passive hydrogen removal compound can eliminate the safety hazards caused by hydrogen leakage, reduce the hydrogen concentration in the power generation cabin space to a safe concentration level of less than 4%, and realize the non-hazardous travel of the ship.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular to a methanol reforming hydrogen production fuel cell electric ship that safely uses hydrogen and a driving method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, most ships use heavy oil (the heavier residual product separated from crude oil after gasoline, kerosene and diesel are produced during the oil processing process) and LNG (liquefied natural gas) as fuel, which not only consumes a large amount of oil resources, but also causes serious air pollution due to emissions. At the same time, LNG refueling is mainly divided into three types: ship-to-ship refueling, tank truck-to-ship refueling, and shore station refueling. There are problems in different aspects such as slow refueling efficiency, investment and operating costs, and poor maneuverability.

[0003] Ships are the second mobile home for crew members. Most of the electricity for daily life comes from diesel generators, which are also accompanied by air pollution and high noise. Although all-electric ships that use a single battery or a composite energy source matched with wind and solar energy have good environmental protection effects, they are troublesome to charge and difficult to store electricity. They must rely on auxiliary energy such as shore power, solar energy and wind energy. The most important problem is that the current low energy of batteries and low efficiency of wind and solar energy devices lead to low speed and endurance of ships, which greatly affects the actual application field of electric ships and makes it difficult to compete with traditional ships. At present, they are rarely used in open waters, and it is even more difficult to apply them to long-distance transportation of ships.

[0004] Chinese patent document CN 113386936 discloses a modular hydrogen ship electric power transmission system and method, which is equipped with a methanol reforming hydrogen production module, a fuel cell module, a power motor module and a low-pressure adsorption hydrogen storage module. The methanol-water reforming hydrogen production heating is used, and the fuel cell module is used to generate electricity to drive the power motor output. The battery module provides supplementary power to meet the high-power power required for the ship to start and discharge gas. Since the methanol-water reforming hydrogen production heating takes 10 minutes, the low-pressure adsorption hydrogen storage module needs to store full hydrogen in advance before driving. At the time of starting, the low-pressure adsorption hydrogen storage module provides hydrogen for the fuel cell module to generate electricity. The battery is used as supplementary power to realize the driving of the ship together with the fuel cell module. Since the low-pressure adsorption hydrogen storage module has limited storage of hydrogen and is in a closed power generation cabin, the low-pressure adsorption hydrogen storage module is dangerous and is not suitable for long-distance driving of larger ships. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, in order to solve the problems of high emission pollution of traditional heavy oil ships and inconvenient refueling, high investment cost and pollution of LNG-powered ships, the existing fuel cell-driven ships have the defects of unsafe hydrogen use and short cruising range, and cannot achieve long-distance and long-term operation. The present invention provides a methanol reforming hydrogen production fuel cell electric ship with safe hydrogen use and a driving method thereof.

[0006] The technical solutions adopted are as follows:

[0007] A methanol reforming hydrogen production fuel cell electric ship that uses hydrogen safely, comprising a hull and a central display console, a fuel power generation cabin and a drive system arranged on the bottom plate of the hull, the hull is also provided with a fuel cabin, a methanol water tank is arranged in the fuel cabin, a methanol reforming hydrogen production system, a fuel cell system, a solid hydrogen storage tank, a battery pack and a passive hydrogen removal compound are arranged in the fuel power generation cabin, the methanol water tank is connected to the methanol reforming hydrogen production system, the fuel cell system is respectively connected to the methanol reforming hydrogen production system, the battery pack, the drive system and the solid hydrogen storage tank, and the passive hydrogen removal compound is placed on the surrounding bulkheads and cabin top in the fuel power generation cabin; the central display console is respectively connected to the methanol water tank, the solid hydrogen storage tank, the methanol reforming hydrogen production system, the fuel cell system, the battery pack and the drive system through circuits.

[0008] Furthermore, the hull is also provided with a hydrogen content controller and a power controller electrically connected to the central display console; the hydrogen content controller is electrically connected to the methanol reforming hydrogen production system and the shut-off valve on the solid hydrogen storage tank, respectively, for controlling the output of hydrogen; the power controller is electrically connected to the battery pack, fuel cell system and drive system, for controlling the output of electric energy.

[0009] Furthermore, at least five passive hydrogen removal recombiners are arranged in the fuel power generation cabin, and are used to automatically reduce the hydrogen concentration in the fuel power generation cabin to a safe concentration level below 4%.

[0010] The methanol reforming hydrogen production system includes a stop valve, an evaporator, a reactor, a heater, a catalyst storage bottle, and a discharge port. The central display console controls the methanol reforming hydrogen production system to start hydrogen production by controlling the stop valve and the heater, and transports hydrogen fuel to the fuel cell system through the discharge port; the heater is used to heat the catalyst in the reactor, and the evaporator is used to evaporate the methanol solution; the battery pack is electrically connected to the heater and the evaporator, respectively.

[0011] Preferably, the battery pack is a nickel-metal hydride battery pack.

[0012] Further preferably, the battery pack, fuel cell system and methanol reforming hydrogen production system are stacked in sequence from bottom to top in the fuel power generation cabin, the solid-state hydrogen storage tank is arranged on a side of the fuel power generation cabin away from the drive system, and the methanol water tank is arranged close to the solid-state hydrogen storage tank.

[0013] The solid-state hydrogen storage tank is provided with a solid-state hydrogen storage material and a heating component, and the heating component is electrically connected to the battery pack.

[0014] Preferably, the drive system includes an electric motor and a transmission, which are arranged at the stern of the hull and connected to the fuel cell system, battery pack and power controller.

[0015] The fuel cell system and the battery pack are electrically connected to a variety of household electrical appliances through a main switch, a DC-AC inverter, and a plurality of sub-switches, and each household electrical appliance is correspondingly connected to a sub-switch.

[0016] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a driving method for a methanol reforming hydrogen production fuel cell electric ship that safely uses hydrogen, the method comprising the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: Control the battery pack to turn on the power supply to directly supply power to the drive system to enable the ship to sail;

[0018] Step 2: The battery pack provides electrical energy to the heating components of the solid-state hydrogen storage tank and the heater of the methanol reforming hydrogen production system. The solid-state hydrogen storage tank quickly releases hydrogen and provides it to the fuel cell system to generate electricity and supply electrical energy to the drive system.

[0019] Step 3: After the methanol reforming hydrogen production system reaches a preset temperature, hydrogen-rich gas is generated and enters the fuel cell system to generate electricity to supply power to the drive system;

[0020] Step 4: The central display console automatically adjusts the hydrogen quality of the solid-state hydrogen storage tank and the charging and discharging power of the battery pack according to the real-time status of the ship.

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0022] A. The present invention provides a methanol reforming hydrogen production fuel cell electric ship, which uses methanol solution and solid hydrogen storage tanks to replace traditional high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks to store hydrogen, thereby improving safety. The solid hydrogen storage material in the solid hydrogen storage tank is safer than traditional hydrogen storage tanks, has a larger hydrogen storage capacity, and is more suitable for large electric ships to travel long distances and for longer periods of time. At the same time, the present invention also provides a passive hydrogen elimination compound in the closed fuel power generation cabin, which can eliminate the safety hazards caused by hydrogen leakage and reduce the hydrogen concentration in the fuel power generation cabin space to a safe concentration level of less than 4%. Compared with traditional hydrogen fuel cells, it has an additional layer of safety protection and realizes the risk-free independent use of hydrogen production, storage, release, and transmission in a mobile space.

[0023] B. The present invention sets a solid-state hydrogen storage tank in the fuel power generation cabin. When the ship is started, the solid-state hydrogen storage tank can be heated by the battery pack, so that part of the hydrogen in the solid-state hydrogen storage tank can be quickly released into the fuel power generation system, and the power supply to the driving system can be quickly realized, thereby greatly shortening the power generation interval time of the hydrogen fuel cell system and realizing the rapid start-up and navigation of large-tonnage ships.

[0024] C. The present invention controls the hydrogen content emission of the solid-state hydrogen storage tank and the methanol reforming hydrogen production system through a hydrogen content controller, thereby ensuring instantaneous loading and unloading of the ship and avoiding pressure fluctuations caused by intermittent hydrogen discharge of the fuel cell system. Under the coordinated control of the power controller, the central display console automatically adjusts the hydrogen quality of the solid-state hydrogen storage tank and the charging and discharging power of the battery pack according to the real-time navigation status of the ship, thereby realizing intelligent distribution of electrical energy while meeting the driving power requirements.

[0025] D. The present invention rationally designs the ship space, separates the fuel tank and the power generation tank, fully utilizes the space, places the hydrogen-related systems in the same tank, and uniformly sets up hydrogen removers, which makes it more convenient to implement and supervise safety measures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the electric ship provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the ship hydrogen production and control structure provided by the present invention.

[0029] The following are marked in the figure:

[0030] 1-hull; 2-central display console; 3-fuel power generation compartment; 4-drive system

[0031] 5-Fuel tank; 6-Methanol water tank; 7-Methanol reforming hydrogen production system; 8-Fuel cell system

[0032] 9-solid-state hydrogen storage tank; 10-battery pack; 20-passive hydrogen removal recombiner; 30-hydrogen content controller

[0033] 40-power controller; 50-main switch; 60-DC-AC inverter; 70-sub-switch

[0034] 80- domestic electrical equipment; 90- cab and living area; 100- loading area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0038] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the present invention provides a methanol reforming hydrogen production fuel cell electric ship with safe hydrogen use, including an electric ship hull 1, a cab and living area 90, a fuel power generation cabin 3, and a fuel tank 5, wherein the cab and living area 90, the fuel power generation cabin 3, the fuel tank 10 and the loading area 100 are each independent of the interior of the hull 1; the cab and living area 90 of the hull 1 are provided with a variety of living electrical equipment 80 and a central display console 2, a methanol water tank 6 is provided in the fuel tank 5, a methanol reforming hydrogen production system 7, a fuel cell system 8, a solid hydrogen storage tank 9, a battery pack 10 and a passive hydrogen removal composite device 20 are provided in the fuel power generation cabin 3, the loading area 100 is responsible for freight or passenger transportation, and a drive system 4 (i.e., an electric propulsion device) is provided at the stern to drive the electric ship to sail. The methanol water tank 6 is connected to the methanol reforming hydrogen production system 7 to provide raw materials for hydrogen production. The fuel cell system 8 is respectively connected to the methanol reforming hydrogen production system 7, the battery pack 10, the drive system 4 and the solid hydrogen storage tank 9. The passive hydrogen removal recombiner 20 is placed on the surrounding walls and the top of the fuel power generation cabin 3; the central display console 2 is respectively connected to the methanol water tank 6, the solid hydrogen storage tank 9, the methanol reforming hydrogen production system 7, the fuel cell system 8, the battery pack 10 and the drive system 4 through circuits.

[0039] A methanol capacity measuring instrument is provided in the methanol water tank 6, which is used to measure and display the remaining capacity of methanol and has an alarm warning function. This detection instrument adopts existing technology; a hydrogen content controller 30 and a power controller 40 electrically connected to the central display console 2 are also provided on the hull 1. The hydrogen content controller 20 is electrically connected to the shut-off valves on the methanol reforming hydrogen production system 7 and the solid hydrogen storage tank 9, respectively, to control the output of hydrogen; the power controller 40 is electrically connected to the battery pack 10, the fuel cell system 8 and the drive system 4, to control the output of electric energy. The central display console 2 here serves as the control system of the entire ship, which is used to monitor or control the methanol water tank 6, the solid hydrogen storage tank 9, the methanol reforming hydrogen production system 7, the fuel cell system 8, the nickel-hydrogen battery pack 10, the electric propulsion device, the power controller 40, the hydrogen content controller 30 and the main switch 50. The cab and living area 100 are arranged on the stern deck. Figure 1 It can be seen that below the cab and living area 100, from left to right, are the electric propulsion device, the fuel power generation cabin 3, the fuel tank 5 and the loading area 100. A battery pack 10 is arranged on the bottom plate of the fuel power generation cabin 3, and a fuel cell system 8 and a methanol reforming hydrogen production system 7 are arranged on the battery pack 10 in sequence, and a solid hydrogen storage tank 9 is to the right, and a methanol water tank 6 is arranged in the fuel tank 5 on the left side of the solid hydrogen storage tank 9.

[0040] Since hydrogen is flammable and explosive, and the entire fuel power generation cabin 3 is equipped with a methanol reforming hydrogen production system 7, a solid hydrogen storage tank 9 and a hydrogen transportation pipeline, there is inevitably a risk of leakage. The present invention provides passive hydrogen removal recombiners 20 on the bulkhead and the top of the fuel power generation cabin 3, respectively. The passive hydrogen removal recombiner 20 can ensure that no external energy is required in the event of a design basis accident or a severe accident, can be automatically started, and can reduce the hydrogen concentration to a safe concentration level of less than 4%. At least 5 of them can be provided in the fuel power generation cabin 3 along the bulkhead and the top of the fuel power generation cabin 3.

[0041] The passive hydrogen removal recombiner consumes the high concentration of hydrogen in the fuel power generation cabin 3 through a controllable oxidation reaction, prevents the hydrogen concentration from reaching the deflagration limit, and controls the hydrogen volume concentration in the entire space of the fuel power generation cabin 3 to be less than 4%. The core component of the passive hydrogen removal recombiner is the catalytic plate, which is made of stainless steel and wrapped with a layer of aluminum oxide as a catalyst carrier, and the catalyst (platinum / palladium) is adhered to the aluminum oxide. The main component of the catalyst is platinum, and palladium mainly accelerates the initial speed of the catalytic reaction at low temperatures. Hydrogen is oxidized on the surface of the catalyst to become water vapor, so that the hydrogen concentration in the entire cabin is in a safe state, and the ship's travel is made safe.

[0042] In order to better enable the passive hydrogen removal recombiner 20 to have a good hydrogen removal ability, multiple ventilation holes are set outside the fuel power generation cabin 3 to ensure the oxygen supply required by the passive hydrogen removal recombiner 20 and ensure the hydrogen removal efficiency. The ventilation holes can also take away the excess heat generated by the fuel cell system 8 during power generation and hydrogen removal.

[0043] The methanol reforming hydrogen production system 7 includes a stop valve, an evaporator, a reactor, a heater, a catalyst storage bottle, and a discharge port. The central display console 2 controls the methanol reforming hydrogen production system 7 to start hydrogen production by controlling the stop valve and the heater, and delivers hydrogen fuel to the fuel cell system 8 through the discharge port; the heater is used to heat the catalyst in the reactor, and the evaporator is used to evaporate the methanol solution; the battery group 10 is electrically connected to the heater and the evaporator respectively, and the methanol in the methanol water tank 6 is evaporated by heating and enters the methanol reforming hydrogen production system 7, and reacts with the catalyst entering the reactor to produce hydrogen. The fuel cell system 8 includes a fuel cell generator, a stop valve, and a cooling system, which is connected to the power controller 40, the methanol reforming hydrogen production system 7 and the drive system 4. The fuel cell system 8 is a power generation device that directly converts the chemical energy in the fuel and the oxidant into electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction without combustion, so as to drive the drive system 4 to work. The stop valve is arranged on the pipeline after the hydrogen is produced by the methanol reforming hydrogen production system 7, and is controlled and connected with the power controller 40. The opening of the stop valve is adjusted by the power controller 40 to convert the pressure and flow of the hydrogen produced by the methanol reforming hydrogen production system 7 into the pressure and flow required by the fuel cell generator. The above-mentioned methanol reforming hydrogen production system and fuel cell system can adopt the existing technology, and the specific structure is not repeated here.

[0044] Preferably, the fuel cell system used in the present invention is a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) technology, which is currently the most mature technology in the world that can combine hydrogen with oxygen in the air to form clean water and release electrical energy. The energy conversion efficiency of the fuel cell is as high as 60% or more, and it has good performance such as high power density and low noise. By setting a solid hydrogen storage tank 9 as a buffer hydrogen tank, it is convenient to adjust and control the fuel power generation capacity in real time, and it has the advantage of a large hydrogen storage capacity, which solves the problems of high pollution and noise of traditional ships, short cruising range and inconvenient charging of existing electric ships, and ensures the normal driving of ships in different navigation environments and the stable operation of daily electrical equipment.

[0045] The solid-state hydrogen storage tank 9 used in the present invention can also be used to store excess low-pressure hydrogen, which includes a storage component and a heating component. The storage component is formed with a storage space for placing solid-state hydrogen storage and a heating component for heating the solid-state hydrogen storage, and the heating component is electrically connected to the battery pack. Since the solid-state hydrogen storage tank 3 has the advantage of short hydrogen release time, it can ensure the instantaneous load increase and decrease of large ships under different driving environments, thereby avoiding the pressure fluctuation caused by the intermittent hydrogen discharge of the fuel cell system 8. At the same time, after the entire ship is shut down, the hydrogen in the solid-state hydrogen storage tank 9 can enter the reaction chamber and cool the catalyst to prevent the catalyst from being oxidized, thereby reducing the consumption of the catalyst.

[0046] The battery pack 10 here is preferably a nickel-hydrogen battery pack, which is arranged at the bottom of the fuel power generation cabin 3 and is connected to the power controller 40, the fuel cell system 8, the solid-state hydrogen storage tank 9 heating component and the electric propulsion device. It is responsible for heating the catalytic plate of the early methanol reforming hydrogen production system 7 to a predetermined temperature and the heating component of the solid-state hydrogen storage tank 9 until the start of hydrogen discharge to drive the ship and supply electricity for life. After the fuel cell system 8 generates electricity, the excess electricity is stored in the nickel-hydrogen battery pack 10.

[0047] The driving system (i.e. electric propulsion device) includes an electric motor and a transmission. The electric motor adopts an AC motor or a permanent magnet motor controlled by SPWM or PWM. The transmission adopts a stepless speed regulation or a gear speed regulation device, which has strong power, high efficiency, good adaptability to working conditions, and is more suitable for large-tonnage ships.

[0048] The cab and living area 90 includes a plurality of household electrical appliances 80, a DC-AC inverter 60, sub-switches 70 and a main switch 50; the main switch 50, the DC-AC inverter 60 and the equipment conversion sub-switch 70 are connected in sequence between the fuel cell system 8, the nickel-hydrogen battery pack 10 and the household electrical appliances 80; wherein, the number of sub-switches 70 is the same as the number of household electrical appliances 80, and each household electrical appliance 80 corresponds to a sub-switch 70.

[0049] The specific driving method of the present invention is as follows:

[0050] When the electric ship is started, the nickel-hydrogen battery storage group 10 supplies power to the drive system 4 to make the ship sail, and at the same time, the electric energy is supplied to the heating component of the solid hydrogen storage tank 9 and the heater of the methanol reforming hydrogen production system 7, firstly, the solid hydrogen storage tank 9 releases hydrogen, and the central display control system starts the fuel cell system 8, preferentially consumes the hydrogen in the solid hydrogen storage tank, and buys time for the methanol reforming hydrogen production system 7 reactor to reach the preset temperature. After reaching the preset temperature, hydrogen-rich gas begins to be generated and enters the fuel cell system 8. Thereafter, the fuel cell system 8 starts to work continuously to generate electricity, and the central display console automatically adjusts the quality of hydrogen charged and discharged by the solid hydrogen storage tank 9 and the charging and discharging power of the nickel-hydrogen battery storage group 10 according to the real-time status of the ship, so as to ensure the normal use of the living electrical equipment under the condition of normal navigation of the ship, and the excess electric energy generated by the fuel cell system 8 can be stored in the nickel-hydrogen battery storage group 10. If there is hydrogen leakage in the fuel power generation cabin 3, the passive hydrogen removal recombiner 20 will safely use hydrogen without external energy, so as to ensure the safety of hydrogen use by the ship.

[0051] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. However, the obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel cell electric ship that safely uses hydrogen and uses methanol reforming to produce hydrogen, comprising a hull (1) and a central display console (2), a fuel power generation cabin (3) and a drive system (4) arranged on the bottom plate of the hull (1), characterized in that: The hull (1) is also provided with a fuel tank (5), wherein a methanol water tank (6) is provided in the fuel tank (5); a methanol reforming hydrogen production system (7), a fuel cell system (8), a solid hydrogen storage tank (9), a battery pack (10) and a passive hydrogen removal recombiner (20) are provided in the fuel power generation cabin (3); the methanol water tank (6) is connected to the methanol reforming hydrogen production system (7); the fuel cell system (8) is respectively connected to the methanol reforming hydrogen production system (7), the battery pack (10), the drive system (4) and the solid hydrogen storage tank (9); the passive hydrogen removal recombiner (20) is placed on the surrounding bulkheads and the cabin top of the fuel power generation cabin (3); the central display console (2) is respectively connected to the methanol water tank (6), the solid hydrogen storage tank (9), the methanol reforming hydrogen production system (7), the fuel cell system (8), the battery pack (10) and the drive system (4) through circuits; The hull (1) is also provided with a hydrogen content controller (30) and a power controller (40) which are electrically connected to the central display console (2); the hydrogen content controller (30) is electrically connected to the shut-off valves on the methanol reforming hydrogen production system (7) and the solid hydrogen storage tank (9) respectively, and is used to control the output of hydrogen; the power controller (40) is electrically connected to the battery pack (10), the fuel cell system (8) and the drive system (4), and is used to control the output of electric energy; The methanol reforming hydrogen production system (7) comprises a stop valve, an evaporator, a reactor, a heater, a catalyst storage bottle, and a discharge port. The central display console (2) controls the methanol reforming hydrogen production system (7) to start hydrogen production by controlling the stop valve and the heater, and transports hydrogen fuel to the fuel cell system (8) through the discharge port. The heater is used to heat the catalyst in the reactor, and the evaporator is used to evaporate the methanol solution. The battery pack (10) is electrically connected to the heater and the evaporator, respectively.

2. The safe hydrogen-using methanol reforming hydrogen production fuel cell electric ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least five of the passive hydrogen removal recombiners (20) are arranged in the fuel power generation cabin (3) and are used to automatically reduce the hydrogen concentration in the fuel power generation cabin (3) to a safe concentration level below 4%.

3. The safe hydrogen-using methanol reforming hydrogen production fuel cell electric ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery pack (10) is a nickel-metal hydride battery pack.

4. The methanol reforming hydrogen production fuel cell electric ship for safe use of hydrogen according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The battery pack (10), the fuel cell system (8) and the methanol reforming hydrogen production system (7) are stacked in sequence from bottom to top in the fuel power generation cabin (3); the solid-state hydrogen storage tank (9) is arranged on a side of the fuel power generation cabin (3) away from the drive system (4); and the methanol water tank (6) is arranged close to the solid-state hydrogen storage tank (9).

5. The methanol reforming hydrogen production fuel cell electric ship for safe use of hydrogen according to claim 4, characterized in that: The solid-state hydrogen storage tank (9) is provided with a solid-state hydrogen storage material and a heating component, and the heating component is electrically connected to the battery pack (10).

6. The methanol reforming hydrogen production fuel cell electric ship for safe use of hydrogen according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive system (4) comprises an electric motor and a transmission, is arranged at the stern of the hull (1), and is connected to the fuel cell system (8), the battery pack (10), and the power controller (40).

7. The methanol reforming hydrogen production fuel cell electric ship for safe use of hydrogen according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel cell system (8) and the battery pack (10) are electrically connected to a plurality of household electrical appliances (80) via a main switch (50), a DC-AC inverter (60), and a plurality of sub-switches (70), and each household electrical appliance (80) is correspondingly connected to one of the sub-switch (70).

8. A driving method for a fuel cell electric ship using methanol reforming to produce hydrogen with safe hydrogen use according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Control the battery pack to turn on the power supply to directly supply power to the drive system to enable the ship to sail; Step 2: The battery pack provides electrical energy to the heating components of the solid-state hydrogen storage tank and the heater of the methanol reforming hydrogen production system. The solid-state hydrogen storage tank quickly releases hydrogen and provides it to the fuel cell system to generate electricity and supply electrical energy to the drive system. Step 3: After the methanol reforming hydrogen production system reaches a preset temperature, hydrogen-rich gas is generated and enters the fuel cell system to generate electricity to supply power to the drive system; Step 4: The central display console automatically adjusts the hydrogen quality of the solid-state hydrogen storage tank and the charging and discharging power of the battery pack according to the real-time status of the ship.

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