An organic-inorganic solid waste composite sound insulation material and its preparation method

Abstract

This invention relates to an organic-inorganic solid waste composite sound insulation material and its preparation method, belonging to the fields of environmental protection and building materials technology. The sound insulation material is composed of the following components in parts by weight: organic solid waste particles processed in a plasma atmosphere: 15-40 parts; inorganic solid waste powder: 60-85 parts; lightweight aggregate: 5-10 parts; water-reducing agent: 0.2-1.0 parts; retarder: 0.06-0.12 parts; water: 30-50 parts; and nano-aerogel: 1-5 parts. When the organic solid waste particles are processed in a plasma atmosphere, the processing power is 60W-500W, and the processing time is 5s-300s. The organic solid waste particles are 40-80 mesh waste rubber. This invention, based on the utilization of organic and inorganic solid waste, obtains a building sound insulation material with good sound absorption and sound insulation properties.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an organic-inorganic solid waste composite sound insulation material and its preparation method, belonging to the fields of environmental protection and building materials technology. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's economy, the amount of organic solid waste (referred to as organic solid waste) generated is enormous, especially waste plastics and rubber from petrochemical and light industries. For example, the amount of waste rubber generated in my country has exceeded 6 million tons per year. Organic solid waste treatment projects are generally characterized by large fixed asset investments, long construction periods, complex treatment processes, and long investment recovery periods, which are detrimental to organic solid waste treatment and environmental protection. Furthermore, the large-scale stockpiling of inorganic solid waste (referred to as inorganic solid waste), such as granulated blast furnace slag, steel slag, industrial by-product gypsum, fly ash, or iron tailings, causes serious environmental pollution and land occupation problems. Therefore, the treatment and disposal of both organic and inorganic solid waste is a problem that needs to be solved.

[0003] Currently, organic and inorganic solid wastes are mostly used in the construction industry to produce building materials such as cement, aggregates, bricks, glass, and ceramics. No applications of organic and inorganic solid wastes as building sound insulation materials have been found.

[0004] In the construction field, sound insulation materials refer to materials, components, or structures that can block sound transmission or reduce transmitted sound energy. They are relatively heavy and dense, and are usually non-porous materials, such as steel plates, lead plates, concrete walls, and brick walls. Sound absorption materials, on the other hand, are mostly loose and porous materials, such as slag wool, blankets, and porous foam. The sound absorption mechanism involves sound waves penetrating into the pores of the material, which are mostly interconnected open pores. Due to friction and viscous resistance from air molecules, the sound energy is converted into heat energy and dissipated by the frictional vibration of the air within the pores of the sound-absorbing material. Furthermore, sound absorption and sound insulation properties have different requirements for material properties, exhibiting a certain degree of contradiction. Therefore, different materials have different sound absorption and sound insulation properties, and the sound insulation and sound absorption properties of different materials combined together are somewhat contradictory. In the field of building sound insulation materials, achieving synergistic enhancement of the sound absorption and sound insulation properties of different materials is currently a difficult and challenging research and application issue. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, in order to better realize the treatment and disposal of organic and inorganic solid waste, and addressing the technical problem of how to use organic and inorganic solid waste to prepare building sound insulation materials, the purpose of this invention is to provide an organic-inorganic solid waste composite sound insulation material and its preparation method. The method of preparing building sound insulation materials from organic and inorganic solid waste not only realizes the treatment and disposal of organic and inorganic solid waste and promotes the reuse of solid waste, which is conducive to sustainable development, but also the sound insulation material obtained has good sound absorption and sound insulation performance.

[0006] To achieve the objectives of this invention, the following technical solutions are provided.

[0007] An organic-inorganic solid waste composite sound insulation material, wherein the sound insulation material is composed of the following components in parts by weight: organic solid waste particles processed in a plasma atmosphere: 15-40 parts, inorganic solid waste powder: 60-85 parts, lightweight aggregate: 5-10 parts, water reducing agent: 0.2-1.0 parts, retarder: 0.06-0.12 parts, water: 30-50 parts, and nano-aerogel: 1-5 parts;

[0008] When the organic solid waste particles are processed in a plasma atmosphere, the processing power is 60W to 500W and the processing time is 5s to 300s; the organic solid waste particles are 40-80 mesh waste rubber.

[0009] The lightweight aggregate is silver ion-containing graphene ceramic granules, wherein silver ions and graphene are uniformly distributed on the surface and inside of the ceramic granules. The silver ion-containing graphene ceramic granules have a particle size of 3mm–6mm, a porosity ≥18%, an adsorption rate ≥20%, a compressive strength ≥1MPa, and a sphericity ≥0.95. In these silver ion-containing graphene ceramic granules, silver ions and graphene synergistically exert antibacterial effects, achieving an antibacterial rate of over 99%. The ceramic granules have a porous structure with high porosity and good sound absorption performance. Simultaneously, the uniform distribution of silver ions on the surface and inside the spheres enhances the antibacterial efficiency and extends the service life.

[0010] The nanoaerogel is one or two of the following: nanocarbon nanotube aerogel, nanosilica aerogel, nanoalumina aerogel, and nanotitanium dioxide aerogel.

[0011] Preferably, the processing power is 60W to 200W and the processing time is 200s to 300s.

[0012] Preferably, the organic solid waste particles have a near-spherical angular shape with a sphericity coefficient of 0.75–0.85; more preferably, the sphericity coefficient of the organic solid waste particles is 0.80–0.85, and the particle size is 40–60 mesh. When the organic solid waste particles have a near-spherical angular shape, their sound absorption and vibration reduction effects are better. When the sphericity coefficient of the organic solid waste particles is in the range of 0.75–0.85, a uniform carbonized layer can be formed on the surface of the organic solid waste particles during plasma atmosphere treatment, thereby improving sound absorption and sound insulation performance while enhancing the bonding effect between the organic solid waste particles and the solidified and hardened multi-microporous framework structure, and avoiding the generation of sound-transmitting pores in the transition zone.

[0013] Preferably, the organic solid waste particles are continuously graded isoprene rubber particles, which are composed of 40-60 mesh isoprene rubber particles and 60-80 mesh isoprene rubber particles in a mass ratio of (6-7):(4-3), which has a better sound absorption and vibration reduction effect.

[0014] Preferably, the inorganic solid waste powder is one or more of the following: granulated blast furnace slag, steel slag, industrial by-product gypsum, fly ash, and iron tailings, which are processed and ground.

[0015] More preferably, the inorganic solid waste powder is composed of industrial by-product gypsum and granulated blast furnace slag. The industrial by-product gypsum is one or both of desulfurized gypsum and phosphogypsum. The fineness of the inorganic solid waste powder needs to meet the requirement that the residue on a 45μm square hole sieve is less than 5%, and its compressive strength should be ≥10MPa to meet the strength required for the actual application of the sound insulation material, i.e., flexural strength ≥1.5MPa and compressive strength ≥5MPa.

[0016] Preferably, the nano-aerogel is one or both of nano-silica aerogel and nano-titanium dioxide aerogel, and the density of the nano-aerogel is 50-100 kg / m³. 3 The average particle size is 15 μm, the pore size is 20 nm, the thermal conductivity is 0.015 W / (m·K) (25℃), and the porosity is greater than 95%. The physicochemical properties of the nano-silica aerogel and nano-titanium dioxide aerogel are stable.

[0017] A method for preparing the organic-inorganic solid waste composite sound insulation material according to the present invention, the method steps are as follows:

[0018] (1) Place the inorganic solid waste powder, lightweight aggregate and nano aerogel powder in a mixer and mix them evenly.

[0019] (2) After the water-reducing agent, retarder and water are mixed evenly, they are added to the mixer and mixed evenly.

[0020] (3) Add the organic solid waste particles that have been treated in the plasma atmosphere, stir evenly, and obtain a slurry;

[0021] (4) Pour the slurry into the required mold or engineering part, and after standing for 1h to 24h, the organic-inorganic solid waste composite sound insulation material can be obtained.

[0022] Beneficial effects

[0023] (1) This invention provides an organic-inorganic solid waste composite sound insulation material, which uses organic solid waste and inorganic solid waste as building sound insulation material, achieving the purpose of disposing of organic solid waste and inorganic solid waste, contributing to the sustainable development of economy and environment, and also using the two to obtain building sound insulation material with both good sound absorption and sound insulation performance.

[0024] The organic solid waste consists of 40-80 mesh waste rubber, a carbon-based material containing various impurities. Treatment in a plasma atmosphere causes dehydrogenation and deoxygenation on the surface of the organic solid waste particles. The removed hydrogen and some of the removed oxygen combine to form water, which detaches from the particle surface. Some oxygen atoms combine with impurities in the organic solid waste to form metal oxides and non-metal oxides. The carbon atoms in the organic solid waste are bonded together by covalent bonds, forming tightly bound carbon chains. The metal oxides and non-metal oxides are adsorbed into the gaps in the carbon chains, forming a dense, strong, and somewhat elastic special carbonized layer on the surface of the organic solid waste particles. This carbonized layer itself has a certain sound insulation effect. The metal oxides and non-metal oxides inside the carbonized layer interpenetrate and combine with the uncarbonized organic solid waste, allowing the energy received by the carbonized layer to be channeled into the organic solid waste particles, thus absorbing solid-borne sound. Therefore, applying organic solid waste particles treated in a plasma atmosphere to building sound insulation materials can absorb solid-borne sound and block airborne sound transmission. This carbonized layer also prevents the organic solid waste particles from aging. The plasma atmosphere treatment power and treatment time for organic solid waste particles should be determined based on the required carbonization layer thickness. Higher treatment power, longer treatment time, and thicker carbonization layer result in stronger sound insulation and weaker sound absorption performance of the organic solid waste particles. Furthermore, after plasma treatment, the organic solid waste particles exhibit good hydrophilicity. When coated with inorganic solid waste, the interface between the organic particles and inorganic solid waste becomes more tightly bound, resulting in excellent sound absorption, insulation, and vibration reduction effects.

[0025] The inorganic solid waste powder in the sound insulation material forms hydration products when mixed with water. The nano-aerogel possesses high porosity, low density, high hydrophobicity, and high thermal insulation properties. The ceramic ceramsite in the lightweight aggregate has a porous structure with high porosity. The slurry formed by the inorganic solid waste powder and water encapsulates the nano-aerogel and lightweight aggregate, forming a continuous multi-microporous framework structure together with the hydration products. This framework structure not only ensures the strength of the sound insulation material but also provides excellent sound absorption performance due to the micropore size (20nm–60nm), effectively absorbing airborne sound and blocking solid-borne sound transmission paths. Furthermore, the nano-aerogel has an ultra-low thermal conductivity (≤0.020W / (m·K)), giving the sound insulation material certain thermal insulation properties. The hydrophobicity of the nano-aerogel prevents moisture from entering the sound insulation material during subsequent use, avoiding a decrease in sound absorption and insulation performance due to moisture ingress.

[0026] The lightweight aggregate used is silver ion-containing graphene ceramic ceramsite. Because ceramic ceramsite has a porous structure and high porosity, it can effectively enhance the absorption of airborne sound energy and impact sound energy by the sound insulation material, thereby improving the sound insulation effect. Silver ions and graphene have good heat resistance and strong chemical stability. Both are evenly distributed on the surface and inside of the ceramic ceramsite spheres, which inactivates the mold growing inside the sound insulation material and has a broad-spectrum bactericidal effect without producing resistant bacteria, thus preventing the sound insulation material from becoming moldy and extending its service life.

[0027] Therefore, the composite of organic solid waste particles, inorganic solid waste particles, nano-aerogels and lightweight aggregates processed in a plasma atmosphere gives the sound insulation material good absorption of solid-borne sound, airborne sound and sound insulation performance, achieving a combined noise reduction effect.

[0028] (2) The present invention provides an organic-inorganic solid waste composite sound insulation material. When the organic solid waste particles are close to spherical angular morphology, their sound absorption and vibration reduction effect is better. When the sphericity coefficient of the organic solid waste particles is in the range of 0.75 to 0.85, a uniform carbonized layer can be formed on the surface of the organic solid waste particles during plasma atmosphere treatment, so as to improve the sound absorption and sound insulation performance, while enhancing the bonding effect between the organic solid waste particles and the multi-microporous skeleton structure after solidification and hardening, and avoiding the generation of sound-transmitting pores in the transition zone.

[0029] (3) The present invention provides an organic-inorganic solid waste composite sound insulation material, wherein the organic solid waste particles are continuously graded isoprene rubber particles, which have better sound absorption and vibration reduction effects.

[0030] (4) The present invention provides an organic-inorganic solid waste composite sound insulation material. The fineness of the inorganic solid waste powder needs to meet the requirement that the residue on a 45μm square hole sieve is less than 5%, and its compressive strength should be ≥10MPa to meet the strength required for the actual application of the sound insulation material, that is, the flexural strength ≥1.5MPa and the compressive strength ≥5MPa.

[0031] (5) The present invention provides a method for preparing organic-inorganic solid waste composite sound insulation material. The sound insulation material is prepared by mixing each raw material evenly in a mixer. Therefore, the preparation method of the sound insulation material is simple. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 The sound absorption spectrum curves of the sound insulation materials prepared in Comparative Examples 1-2 and Examples 1-2 are shown.

[0033] Figure 2 The sound insulation spectrum curves of the sound insulation materials prepared in Comparative Examples 1-2 and Examples 1-2 are shown. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the methods described are conventional methods, and the raw materials described are available from publicly available commercial sources or prepared according to literature.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] An organic-inorganic solid waste composite sound insulation material is provided, wherein the raw materials of the sound insulation material are composed of the following components in parts by mass: 40 parts of 60-mesh isoprene rubber particles with a sphericity coefficient of 0.8, 60 parts of phosphogypsum powder, 0.3 parts of gypsum water-reducing agent, 0.1 parts of protein-based retarder, 30 parts of water, 5 parts of nano-silica aerogel powder, and 10 parts of silver ion-containing graphene ceramic ceramsite; wherein the 60-mesh isoprene rubber particles are rubber particles subjected to plasma atmosphere treatment with a treatment power of 100W and a treatment time of 230s; and the gypsum water-reducing agent is a melamine-based water-reducing agent.

[0037] The fineness of the phosphogypsum powder is less than 5% on a 45μm square hole sieve, and its compressive strength is 11MPa.

[0038] The density of the nano-silica aerogel powder is 70 kg / m³. 3 The average particle size is 15 μm, the pore size is 20 nm, the thermal conductivity is 0.015 W / (m·K) (25℃), and the porosity is 96%.

[0039] The silver ion-containing graphene ceramic particles have a particle size of 5 mm, a porosity of 19%, an adsorption rate of 22%, a compressive strength of 2 MPa, and a sphericity of 0.96.

[0040] The method for preparing the sound insulation material is as follows:

[0041] (1) Place the phosphogypsum powder, silver ion-containing graphene ceramic granules and nano silica aerogel powder in a mixer and stir evenly, that is, stir at a speed of 60 r / min for 3 to 5 min.

[0042] (2) After mixing the gypsum water-reducing agent, protein retarder and water evenly, add them to the mixer and stir evenly, that is, stir at a speed of 125r / min for 3 to 5 minutes.

[0043] (3) Add 60-mesh isoprene rubber particles that have been treated in a plasma atmosphere and stir evenly, i.e., stir at a speed of 60 r / min for 2 to 3 minutes to obtain a slurry;

[0044] (4) The slurry was poured into different molds and left to stand for 5 hours before being demolded to obtain the sound insulation material of this embodiment. Then, the sound insulation material was cured at room temperature for 7 days and then placed in a 50°C oven for 48 hours to obtain a sound absorption and insulation test specimen with a diameter of 98.5 mm and a height of 100 mm, and a strength test specimen with a rectangular shape of 40 mm × 40 mm × 160 mm.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] The difference from Example 1 is that in the sound insulation material of this example, the mass fraction of nano-silica aerogel powder is 2.5 parts, the mass fraction of silver ion-containing graphene ceramic particles is 5 parts, and the rest are the same as in Example 1.

[0047] Comparative Example 1

[0048] Unlike Example 1, the sound insulation material in this comparative example does not contain 60-mesh isoprene rubber particles, nano-silica aerogel powder, or silver ion-containing graphene ceramic particles; all other components are the same as in Example 1.

[0049] Comparative Example 2

[0050] Unlike Example 1, the sound insulation material in this comparative example does not contain 60-mesh isoprene rubber particles that have not been treated with plasma atmosphere and does not contain silver ion-containing graphene ceramic particles; otherwise, it is the same as in Example 1.

[0051] Test case

[0052] The sound absorption and insulation performance of the sound-absorbing and insulation test specimens prepared in the comparative examples and embodiments was tested using the standing wave tube method. The test results are shown in Table 1 and... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The compressive and flexural strengths of the test specimens prepared in each comparative example and embodiment were tested using a 50KN press. The thermal conductivity of the sound insulation materials prepared in each comparative example and embodiment was determined using the steady-state heat flow method. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0053] Table 1. Performance test results of the sound insulation materials in each comparative example and embodiment.

[0054]

[0055]

[0056] According to Table 1 and Figure 1-2It can be seen that, compared with Comparative Examples 1-2, Examples 1-2, which simultaneously incorporate 60-mesh isoprene rubber particles, nano-silica aerogel powder, and lightweight aggregates under plasma atmosphere motion treatment, have good sound insulation and sound absorption performance. This is because the sound insulation, impact sound pressure level, average sound absorption coefficient, and noise reduction coefficient of Examples 1-2 are all better than those of Comparative Examples 1-2. Among them, Example 1 has the best sound insulation and sound absorption performance. Compared with the sound insulation material of Comparative Example 1, the sound insulation material of Example 1 has increased its average sound absorption coefficient, noise reduction coefficient, and sound insulation by 3.5 times, 3.1 times, and 50%, respectively.

[0057] As can be seen from Comparative Example 2 and Example 2, the addition of rubber particles treated with plasma atmosphere motion, nano-silica aerogel powder, and lightweight aggregate can significantly improve the sound absorption and insulation performance of composite sound insulation materials.

[0058] As shown in Table 1, although the sound insulation materials prepared in Examples 1-2 used organic and inorganic solid waste, their flexural and compressive strengths were not lower than those of Comparative Examples 1-2. This indicates that the sound insulation materials prepared in Examples 1-2 not only promoted the disposal of organic and inorganic solid waste, but also possessed better sound insulation and sound absorption performance while ensuring the mechanical properties of the sound insulation materials. Furthermore, the thermal conductivity of the sound insulation materials in Examples 1-2 was not significantly different from that in Comparative Example 2, indicating that the sound insulation materials in Examples 1-2 also had good thermal insulation properties.

[0059] This invention includes, but is not limited to, the above embodiments. Any equivalent substitutions or partial improvements made under the spirit and principles of this invention shall be considered within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. An organic-inorganic solid waste composite sound insulation material, characterized in that: The sound insulation material is composed of the following components in parts by weight: organic solid waste particles processed in a plasma atmosphere: 15-40 parts, inorganic solid waste powder: 60-85 parts, lightweight aggregate: 5-10 parts, water reducing agent: 0.2-1.0 parts, retarder: 0.06-0.12 parts, water: 30-50 parts, and nano-aerogel: 1-5 parts. When the organic solid waste particles are processed in a plasma atmosphere, the processing power is 60W~200W and the processing time is 200s~300s; the organic solid waste particles are 40-80 mesh waste rubber; the organic solid waste particles have a near-spherical angular morphology and a sphericity coefficient of 0.75~0.

85. The lightweight aggregate is silver ion-containing graphene ceramic granules, wherein silver ions and graphene are uniformly distributed on the surface and inside of the ceramic granules; the particle size of the ceramic granules is 3mm~6mm, porosity ≥18%, adsorption rate ≥20%, compressive strength ≥1MPa, and sphericity ≥0.

95. The nanoaerogel is one or two of the following: nanocarbon nanotube aerogel, nanosilica aerogel, nanoalumina aerogel, and nanotitanium dioxide aerogel.

2. The organic-inorganic solid waste composite sound insulation material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic solid waste particles have a sphericity coefficient of 0.80 to 0.85 and a particle size of 40 to 60 mesh.

3. The organic-inorganic solid waste composite sound insulation material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic solid waste particles are continuously graded isoprene rubber particles, which are composed of 40-60 mesh isoprene rubber particles and 60-80 mesh isoprene rubber particles in a mass ratio of (6-7): (4-3).

4. The organic-inorganic solid waste composite sound insulation material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inorganic solid waste powder is one or more of the following: granulated blast furnace slag, steel slag, industrial by-product gypsum, fly ash, and iron tailings.

5. The organic-inorganic solid waste composite sound insulation material according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inorganic solid waste powder is composed of industrial by-product gypsum and granulated blast furnace slag. The industrial by-product gypsum is one or both of desulfurized gypsum and phosphogypsum. The fineness of the inorganic solid waste powder is less than 5% residue on a 45μm square hole sieve, and its compressive strength is ≥10MPa.

6. The organic-inorganic solid waste composite sound insulation material according to claim 5, characterized in that: The organic solid waste particles have a near-spherical angular morphology with a sphericity coefficient of 0.80~0.85 and a particle size of 40 mesh~60 mesh. The organic solid waste particles are continuously graded isoprene rubber particles, which are composed of 40-60 mesh isoprene rubber particles and 60-80 mesh isoprene rubber particles in a mass ratio of (6-7): (4-3).

7. The organic-inorganic solid waste composite sound insulation material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The nano-aerogel is one or both of nano-silica aerogel and nano-titanium dioxide aerogel, and the density of the nano-aerogel is 50~100 kg / m³. 3 The average particle size is 15 μm, the pore size is 20 nm, the thermal conductivity at 25 °C is 0.015 W / (m·K), and the porosity is greater than 95%.

8. A method for preparing an organic-inorganic solid waste composite sound insulation material as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps of the method are as follows: (1) Place the inorganic solid waste powder, lightweight aggregate and nano aerogel powder in a mixer and mix evenly; (2) After mixing the water-reducing agent, retarder and water evenly, add them to the mixer and stir evenly; (3) Add the organic solid waste particles that have been treated in the plasma atmosphere, stir evenly, and obtain a slurry; (4) The slurry is poured into the required mold or engineering part and left to stand for 1h to 24h to obtain the organic-inorganic solid waste composite sound insulation material.

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