A single-layer reticulated shell structure and its installation method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a single-layer reticulated shell structure and its installation method. The structure includes a support node one, a support node two, a support rod, and a support. The support node one and the support node two are connected to each other to form a single-layer structure. The support rod is arranged on the single-layer structure, and the support is arranged at the bottom of the single-layer structure. The method includes: A. Construction area division; B. Construction in construction area one; C. Construction in construction area two. The present invention can obtain a reticulated shell structure with a peculiar shape and beautiful appearance. By constructing the single-layer reticulated shell structure in two areas, the on-site high-altitude construction volume and construction difficulty are greatly reduced. At the same time, it solves the technical problem that the clearance distance between the reticulated shell structure and the main structure is too short, resulting in the inability to perform side lifting of the reticulated shell block unit, making it difficult to meet the requirements of the crane boom, and causing the installation method of using a conventional crane for block high-altitude lifting to be unable to construct.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of steel structure construction, and particularly relates to a single-layer lattice shell structure and an installation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the national economy, there are more and more super-large, large-span, heavy and high-installation steel components in industries such as shipbuilding, steel metallurgy, petrochemicals, construction and road transportation.

[0003] The prior art adopts a car-lifting cantilever installation gridshell structure. For example, a Chinese patent on April 8, 2014 disclosed an invention patent entitled a method for cantilever installation of a roof gridshell structure without a bracket (authorization announcement number: CN103982045B). The gridshell is assembled on the ground according to the design, and all the gridshells are lifted and cantilevered by a car crane. No large lifting equipment or any scaffolding is required, and the internal parallel operation is not affected. During construction, ground assembly and high-altitude installation are carried out simultaneously, and multi-faceted operations and multiple types of work are carried out simultaneously, which greatly saves construction time and speeds up installation. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art and to provide a single-layer lattice shell structure and an installation method thereof, which can obtain a lattice shell structure with a peculiar shape and beautiful shape.

[0005] The single-layer grid shell structure is constructed in two areas. The lower two side areas are constructed by ground assembly and block hoisting, so that an installation port is reserved at the top of construction area one; the middle area is installed by ground assembly and overall lifting. The structure of construction area two is lifted to the set position of the installation port in construction area one, and then the two parts of the structure are assembled together, which greatly reduces the amount of high-altitude construction on site and the difficulty of construction. At the same time, it solves the problem of too short clearance distance between the grid shell structure and the main structure, resulting in the grid shell block unit being unable to be hoisted from the side, and it is difficult to meet the crane arm extension requirements, resulting in the technical problem that the installation method of high-altitude hoisting of blocks using conventional cranes cannot be constructed.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A single-layer lattice shell structure, characterized in that it includes a support node 1, a support node 2, a support rod and a support, wherein the support node 1 and the support node 2 are connected to each other to form a single-layer structure, the support rod is arranged on the single-layer structure, the support rod is used to be fixed on the main structure, the support is arranged at the bottom of the single-layer structure, and the support is used to be installed on the ground. A lattice shell structure with a peculiar shape can be obtained, the upper structure is designed as a vase-shaped structure with a reserved hole, and the lower structure is designed as an irregular curved surface structure. The overall structure of the lattice shell structure is beautiful in shape.

[0008] Furthermore, the first support node includes a first box-shaped pipe fitting, a first cast steel part, and a first inclined support. The first box-shaped pipe fitting is fixed on the first cast steel part. The first cast steel part is provided with a first pin hinge node. A single first inclined support and the first pin hinge node are rotationally connected through a first pin shaft, so as to obtain an irregular curved surface structure. Moreover, by using the pin hinge node connection method, it can not only bear its own weight load, wind load, and snow load, meet the requirements of strength and stiffness, but also reduce the bending moment generated by the overall structure caused by temperature and wind load changes.

[0009] Furthermore, the first cast steel part includes a first body and a first connecting part. Two first connecting parts are arranged on the first body, and the two first connecting parts are in a V shape. The first connecting part is fixed on the first box-shaped pipe fitting, which improves the connection strength between the first box-shaped pipe fitting and the first cast steel part.

[0010] Furthermore, the second support node includes a second box-shaped pipe fitting, a second cast steel part, and a second inclined support. The second box-shaped pipe fitting is fixed on the second cast steel part. The second cast steel part is provided with two second pin hinge nodes. A single second inclined support and a single second pin hinge node are rotationally connected through a second pin shaft, so as to obtain an irregular curved surface structure. Moreover, by using the pin hinge node connection method, it can not only bear its own weight load, wind load, and snow load, meet the requirements of strength and stiffness, but also reduce the bending moment generated by the overall structure caused by temperature and wind load changes.

[0011] Furthermore, the second cast steel part includes a second body and a second connecting part. Two second connecting parts are arranged on the second body, and the two second connecting parts are in a V shape. The second connecting part is fixed on the second box-shaped pipe fitting, which improves the connection strength between the second box-shaped pipe fitting and the second cast steel part.

[0012] Furthermore, the support includes a fixed foundation, a pre-embedded part, and a fixed seat. The pre-embedded part is arranged in the fixed foundation. The fixed seat is fixedly connected with the single-layer structure and is fixed on the pre-embedded part, eliminating the need for grooving and drilling, and at the same time improving the firmness and convenience of the installation of the single-layer structure.

[0013] An installation method for a single-layer reticulated shell structure is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0014] A. Construction area division: The reticulated shell structure is divided into a first construction area and a second construction area. The first construction area is located at the lower part of the entire reticulated shell structure, and the second construction area is located in the middle area at the top of the entire reticulated shell structure. An installation opening is reserved at the top of the first construction area, and this installation opening is used for installing the steel structure of the second construction area.

[0015] B. Construction of the first construction area:

[0016] (1) According to the construction drawings, fabricate each reticulated shell block assembly unit in the first construction area, submit the working surface, and install the reticulated shell block assembly units layer by layer from bottom to top.

[0017] (2) Lift the first block assembly unit of the reticulated shell to the set position, and then install bracing rods between the first block assembly unit of the reticulated shell and the main structure.

[0018] (3) Lift the second block assembly unit of the reticulated shell to the set position, then install bracing rods between the second block assembly unit of the reticulated shell and the main structure, and then install connecting rods between the first block assembly unit of the reticulated shell and the second block assembly unit of the reticulated shell.

[0019] (4) Repeat step (3) to install the remaining block assembly units of the reticulated shell on the west side.

[0020] (5) Repeat steps (2) to (4) to install the block assembly units of the reticulated shell on the east side.

[0021] C. Construction of Construction Area 2:

[0022] (1) Fabricate the overall assembly unit of the reticulated shell in Construction Area 2 according to the construction drawings.

[0023] (2) Design the lower lifting points according to the overall assembly unit of the reticulated shell, design the upper lifting points according to the main structure, and then install hydraulic lifters between the lower lifting points and the upper lifting points.

[0024] (3) Synchronously lift the overall assembly unit of the reticulated shell using hydraulic lifters, and lift it to the set position of the installation opening. Then install connecting rods between the upper block assembly unit of the reticulated shell and the overall assembly unit of the reticulated shell, and then install bracing rods between the overall assembly unit of the reticulated shell and the main structure, and remove the hydraulic lifters.

[0025] The present invention constructs the single-layer reticulated shell structure in two areas. The lower two-side areas are constructed by the method of ground assembly and block hoisting, so that an installation opening is reserved at the top of Construction Area 1; the middle area is installed by the method of ground assembly and overall lifting. The structure of Construction Area 2 is lifted to the set position of the installation opening in Construction Area 1, and then the two parts of the structure are assembled with each other, greatly reducing the on-site high-altitude construction volume and construction difficulty. At the same time, it solves the technical problem that the clearance distance between the reticulated shell structure and the main structure is too short, resulting in the inability to perform side hoisting of the reticulated shell block units, making it difficult to meet the requirements of the crane boom, and causing the installation method of using a conventional crane for block high-altitude hoisting to be unable to construct.

[0026] Further, in step C, an assembly platform is erected on the ground, and the overall assembly unit of the reticulated shell is assembled and fabricated on the assembly platform, which is convenient for quickly setting the lower lifting points on the overall assembly unit of the reticulated shell in the later stage.

[0027] Further, in step C, the upper suspension point adopts a lifting beam. Threading holes are opened on the lifting beam, and then the lifting beam is installed on the two main beams of the main structure. Next, the hydraulic lifters are installed on the lifting beam, and then the steel strands on the hydraulic lifters pass through the threading holes of the lifting beam. The lower suspension point adopts a supporting beam and a sling. First, the sling is fixed on the supporting beam, then the supporting beam and the overall assembled unit of the reticulated shell are fixed, and then the steel strand and the sling are fixedly connected. Using flexible steel strands for load-bearing and setting reasonable load-bearing suspension points enable a relatively large lifting height range. At the same time, the equipment has a high degree of automation, is convenient and flexible to operate, has good safety, high reliability, a wide range of applications, and strong versatility.

[0028] Further, before the hydraulic lifters synchronously lift the overall assembled unit of the reticulated shell, a tension adjustment device is used to adjust the tension of the steel strands on the hydraulic lifters.

[0029] The tension adjustment device includes a mounting seat, two sets of wire clamping devices, and a single tension adjustment component. The tension adjustment component is arranged between the two sets of wire clamping devices. Two support plates are welded to the mounting seat. Each single wire clamping device includes a wire clamping roller and a moving component. Two moving components are arranged on one support plate. Two wire clamping rollers are installed on the two moving components. The moving component includes a moving block and a threaded rod. The threaded rod is fixed between the two moving blocks. The moving block is provided with a fixing bolt. The support plate is provided with a notch. The fixing bolt passes through the notch. The fixing bolt is threadedly connected with a first nut. The wire clamping roller is provided with a through hole. An installation rod passes through the through hole. The wire clamping roller rotates on the installation rod. The installation rod is provided with a first installation hole. The threaded rod passes through the first installation hole. The threaded rod is threadedly connected with a second nut. The two second nuts are used to lock the installation rod. The tension adjustment component includes a rotating rod and a limiting rod. Threaded columns are arranged at both ends of the rotating rod. The support plate is provided with a second installation hole. The threaded columns pass through the second installation hole and rotate in the second installation hole. The threaded columns are provided with third nuts. The third nuts are locked on the support plate. The rotating rod is fixedly connected with a base. The limiting rod rotates on the base.

[0030] Specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0031] (1) Fix the mounting seat on the main structure through mounting bolts.

[0032] (2) Pass the steel strands of the hydraulic lifters through the area between the two wire clamping rollers in each set of wire clamping devices.

[0033] (3) According to the positions of the upper and lower suspension points, adjust the positions of the single set of wire clamping devices installed on the support plate. First, loosen the first nut, vertically move the fixing bolt in the notch of the support plate. After adjusting the wire clamping device to the set height, tighten the first nut.

[0034] (4) According to the specifications of the steel strand, move the installation rod on the threaded rod to adjust the distance between the two wire clamping drums in a single set of wire clamping devices. When the distance between the two wire clamping drums meets the requirement that the steel strand of this specification can move vertically up and down between the two wire clamping drums, use two nuts II to lock the installation rod, and then install two limit pieces on the installation rod. The two limit pieces limit the wire clamping drums, so that the wire clamping drums can rotate on the installation rod within a set range.

[0035] (5) Loosen nut III, and then rotate the rotating rod towards the steel strand so that the limiting rod supports the steel strand, adjust the tension of the steel strand, and tension the steel strand.

[0036] The above-mentioned tension adjustment device can adjust the distance between the wire clamping drums according to the specifications of the steel strand, so that the distance between the two wire clamping drums meets the requirement that the steel strand of this specification can move vertically up and down between the two wire clamping drums, reduce the shaking of the steel strand, and improve the stability of the movement of the steel strand. At the same time, the tension adjustment component is arranged between the two sets of wire clamping devices. The tension adjustment component adjusts the tension of the steel strand passing through the wire clamping drums. By adjusting the angle of the rotating rod, the steel strand is tensioned and can move smoothly on the limiting rod, enabling the two steel strands of the same hydraulic lifter to be lifted synchronously and stably. Each hydraulic lifter is evenly loaded, improving safety and reducing engineering risks. Moreover, it can adjust the position of a single set of wire clamping devices installed on the support plate, so that the part of the steel strand between the wire clamping device and the upper suspension point remains vertical, and at the same time, the part of the steel strand between the wire clamping device and the lower suspension point also remains vertical, which is used for the guidance of the steel strand during the lifting process to prevent the steel strand from winding.

[0037] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] 1. The present invention can obtain a reticulated shell structure with a peculiar shape. The upper structure is designed as a vase-shaped structure with a reserved hole, and the lower structure is designed as an irregular curved surface structure, making the reticulated shell structure of the overall structure have the characteristics of beautiful shape, clear force transmission, simple structure, convenient installation, environmental protection and economy, and is suitable for large-scale exhibition halls, terminals, subway stations, gymnasiums and other spatial structure buildings with high requirements for structural shapes.

[0039] 2. Both the first support node and the second support node of the present invention are connected in the way of pin hinges. They can not only bear the self-weight load, wind load and snow load, meet the strength and stiffness requirements, but also reduce the bending moment generated by the overall structure caused by temperature and wind load changes. They have the advantages of simple and beautiful appearance, simple production, strong pressure resistance, relatively large radial stiffness, relatively small residual stress and insignificant stress concentration.

[0040] 3. The present invention constructs the single-layer reticulated shell structure in two regions. The lower two-side regions are constructed by means of ground assembly and block hoisting, so that an installation opening is reserved at the top of the construction area I; the middle region is installed by means of ground assembly and integral lifting. The structure of the construction area II is lifted to the set position of the installation opening in the construction area I, and then the two parts of the structure are assembled with each other, greatly reducing the on-site high-altitude construction volume and construction difficulty. At the same time, it solves the technical problem that the clear distance between the reticulated shell structure and the main structure is too short, resulting in the inability to perform side hoisting of the reticulated shell block units, making it difficult to meet the requirements of the crane boom, and causing the inability to construct the installation method of using a conventional crane for block high-altitude hoisting.

[0041] 4. The tension adjustment device of the present invention can adjust the distance between the wire clamping drums according to the specifications of the steel strands, so that the distance between the two wire clamping drums meets the requirement that the steel strands of this specification can move vertically up and down between the two wire clamping drums, reducing the sway of the steel strands and improving the stability of the movement of the steel strands. At the same time, the tension adjustment assembly is arranged between the two groups of wire clamping devices. The tension adjustment assembly adjusts the tension of the steel strands passing through the wire clamping drums. By adjusting the angle of the rotating rod, the steel strands are tensioned and smoothly move on the limiting rod, enabling the two steel strands of the same hydraulic lifter to be lifted synchronously and stably, with each hydraulic lifter being evenly loaded, improving safety and reducing engineering risks. Moreover, it can adjust the position of a single group of wire clamping devices installed on the support plate, so that the part of the steel strand between the wire clamping device and the upper hanging point remains vertical, and at the same time, the part of the steel strand between the wire clamping device and the lower hanging point also remains vertical, which is used for the guidance of the steel strands during the lifting process to prevent the steel strands from winding. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings:

[0043] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a single-layer reticulated shell structure in the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the support node I in the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the support node II in the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the support in the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the reticulated shell structure installed on the roof frame in the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention during construction area division;

[0049] Figure 7It is a structural schematic diagram when the first lattice shell block assembly unit of the present invention is under construction;

[0050] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram when the second lattice shell block assembly unit of the present invention is under construction;

[0051] Figure 9 It is a structural schematic diagram when the connecting rods are supplemented and installed between the first lattice shell block assembly unit and the second lattice shell block assembly unit of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 10 It is a structural schematic diagram when the first - layer lattice shell block assembly unit of the present invention is under construction;

[0053] Figure 11 It is a structural schematic diagram when the second - layer lattice shell block assembly unit of the present invention is under construction;

[0054] Figure 12 It is a structural schematic diagram after the construction of construction area one of the present invention is completed;

[0055] Figure 13 It is a structural schematic diagram when a hydraulic lifter is installed between the lower suspension point and the upper suspension point of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 14 It is a structural schematic diagram when the lattice shell integral assembly unit is lifted to the set position of the installation opening of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 15 It is a structural schematic diagram when the connecting rods and the supporting rods are supplemented and installed of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 16 It is a structural schematic diagram of the upper lower suspension point in the present invention;

[0059] Figure 17 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lower lower suspension point in the present invention;

[0060] Figure 18 It is a structural schematic diagram of the tension adjustment device in the present invention;

[0061] Figure 19 It is a structural schematic diagram when the tension adjustment device synchronously adjusts two steel strands in the present invention;

[0062] Figure 20 It is a structural schematic diagram of the wire clamping device in the present invention;

[0063] Figure 21 It is a structural schematic diagram of the installation rod in the present invention;

[0064] Figure 22 It is a structural schematic diagram of the wire clamping drum in the present invention;

[0065] Figure 23 Schematic diagram of the structure where the threaded rod is fixed between two moving blocks in the present invention;

[0066] Figure 24 Schematic diagram of the structure where the mounting seat and the support plate are fixedly connected in the present invention;

[0067] Figure 25 Schematic diagram of the tension adjustment assembly in the present invention.

[0068] In the figure, 1 - Support node 1; 2 - Support node 2; 3 - Support rod; 4 - Support; 5 - First diagonal brace; 6 - First pin shaft; 7 - Ear plate; 8 - First pin hinge node; 9 - First cast steel part; 10 - First box-shaped pipe fitting; 11 - Second diagonal brace; 12 - Second pin hinge node; 13 - Second cast steel part; 14 - Second box-shaped pipe fitting; 15 - Original single-layer structure; 16 - Fixed seat; 17 - Embedded part; 18 - Fixed foundation; 19 - Roof frame; 20 - Intermediate steel structure; 21 - Single-layer vase-mouth reticulated shell structure; 22 - Supporting beam; 23 - Member; 24 - Mounting seat; 25 - Support plate; 26 - Wire clamping device; 27 - Steel strand; 28 - Wire clamping roller; 29 - Mounting rod; 30 - Moving block; 31 - Fixed bolt; 32 - First nut; 33 - Notch; 34 - Second nut; 35 - Tension adjustment assembly; 36 - Rotating rod; 37 - Third nut; 38 - Base; 39 - Limiting rod; 40 - Threaded rod; 41 - Limiting part; 42 - First mounting hole; 43 - Through hole; 44 - Handle; 45 - Threaded column; 46 - Second mounting hole; A - Construction area 1; B - Construction area 2. Detailed implementation mode

[0069] As Figures 1 to 25 shown, a single-layer reticulated shell structure of the present invention includes a support node 1, a support node 2, a support rod 3 and a support 4. The support node 1 and the support node 2 are connected to form a single-layer structure. The support rod 3 is arranged on the single-layer structure. The support rod 3 is used to be fixed on the main structure. The support rod 3 is a short rod. The support 4 is arranged at the bottom of the single-layer structure. The support 4 is used to be installed on the ground. A single-layer vase-mouth reticulated shell structure 21 with a peculiar shape can be obtained. The upper structure is designed as a vase-shaped structure with a reserved hole, similar to the vase mouth. The intermediate steel structure 20 is arranged in the hole. The intermediate steel structure 20 and the roof frame 19 are fixedly connected. The lower structure is designed as an irregular curved surface single-layer reticulated shell structure, similar to the vase waist, making the reticulated shell structure of the overall structure beautiful.

[0070] The first support node 1 includes a first box-shaped pipe fitting 10, a first cast steel part 9, and a first inclined support 5. The first box-shaped pipe fitting 10 is fixed on the first cast steel part 9. The first cast steel part 9 is provided with a first pin hinge node 8. The ear plate 7 of a single first inclined support 5 and the first pin hinge node 8 are rotationally connected through a first pin shaft 6, so that an irregular curved surface structure can be obtained. Moreover, by using the pin hinge node connection method, it can not only bear the self-weight load, wind load, and snow load, meet the strength and stiffness requirements, but also reduce the bending moment generated by the overall structure caused by temperature and wind load changes. The first cast steel part 9 includes a first body and a first connecting part. Two first connecting parts are arranged on the first body, and the two first connecting parts are in a V shape to improve the support capacity. The first connecting part is fixed on the first box-shaped pipe fitting 10 to improve the connection strength between the first box-shaped pipe fitting 10 and the first cast steel part 9.

[0071] The second support node 2 includes a second box-shaped pipe fitting 14, a second cast steel part 13, and a second inclined support 11. The second box-shaped pipe fitting 14 is fixed on the second cast steel part 13. The second cast steel part 13 is provided with two second pin hinge nodes 12. The ear plate of a single second inclined support 11 and a single second pin hinge node 12 are rotationally connected through a second pin shaft, so that an irregular curved surface structure can be obtained. Moreover, by using the pin hinge node connection method, it can not only bear the self-weight load, wind load, and snow load, meet the strength and stiffness requirements, but also reduce the bending moment generated by the overall structure caused by temperature and wind load changes. The second cast steel part 13 includes a second body and a second connecting part. Two second connecting parts are arranged on the second body, and the two second connecting parts are in a V shape to improve the support capacity. The second connecting part is fixed on the second box-shaped pipe fitting 14 to improve the connection strength between the second box-shaped pipe fitting 14 and the second cast steel part 13.

[0072] The support 4 includes a fixed foundation 18, a pre-embedded part 17, and a fixed seat 16. The fixed seat 16 is fixed at the bottom of the original single-layer structure 15. The fixed seat 16 and the single-layer structure are fixedly connected by welding. The pre-embedded part 17 is arranged in the fixed foundation 18. The fixed seat 16 is fixedly welded on the pre-embedded part 17, without the need for grooving and drilling, and at the same time improves the firmness and convenience of the installation of the single-layer structure.

[0073] An installation method for a single-layer reticulated shell structure includes the following steps:

[0074] A. Construction area division: The reticulated shell structure is divided into a first construction area A and a second construction area B. The first construction area A is located at the lower part of the entire reticulated shell structure, and the second construction area B is located in the middle area at the top of the entire reticulated shell structure. An installation opening is reserved at the top of the first construction area A, and this installation opening is used to install the steel structure of the second construction area B.

[0075] B. Construction of the first construction area A:

[0076] (1) According to the construction drawings, fabricate each reticulated shell block assembly unit in the first construction area A, submit the working surface, and install the reticulated shell block assembly units layer by layer from bottom to top.

[0077] (2) The first grid shell block assembly unit is hoisted to the set position, and then the support rod 3 is installed between the first grid shell block assembly unit and the main structure.

[0078] (3) hoist the second grid shell block assembly unit to the set position, then install the support rod 3 between the second grid shell block assembly unit and the main structure, and then install the connecting rod between the first grid shell block assembly unit and the second grid shell block assembly unit.

[0079] (4) Repeat step (3) to install the remaining lattice shell assembly units on the west side.

[0080] (5) Repeat steps (2) to (4) to install the east side grid shell block assembly unit.

[0081] C. Construction in Construction Area II B:

[0082] (1) According to the construction drawings, an assembly platform is set up on the ground. The grid shell assembly unit in the construction area II B is assembled and manufactured on the assembly platform. The weight of the grid shell assembly unit is about 580 tons, which is convenient for quickly setting the lower hanging point on the grid shell assembly unit in the later stage.

[0083] (2) Design the lower hanging point according to the overall assembly unit of the lattice shell, design the upper hanging point according to the main structure, and then install the hydraulic lifter between the lower hanging point and the upper hanging point. The hydraulic lifter is a prior art, and the utility model patent named through-type hydraulic lifter (authorization announcement number: CN2866450Y) is specifically referenced for comparison, and the structure of the hydraulic lifter is not further elaborated in the present invention. The hydraulic lifter of the present invention has a small size, light weight, and large load-bearing capacity. The lifting capacity is 60 tons, and the breaking tensile force of a single steel strand is 36 tons. The safety factor of the hydraulic lifter is not less than 1.25, and the safety factor of the steel strand is not less than 2.0.

[0084] The upper hanging point adopts a lifting beam, a threading hole is opened on the lifting beam, and then the lifting beam is installed on the two main beams of the main structure, and then the hydraulic lifter is installed on the lifting beam, and then the steel strand on the hydraulic lifter is passed through the threading hole of the lifting beam. The lower hanging point adopts a joist 22 and a sling, first fix the sling on the joist 22, and then fix the joist 22 and the rod 23 of the lattice shell integral assembly unit, and then fix the steel strand and the sling. Flexible steel strands are used to bear the weight, and reasonable load-bearing hanging points are set, so that the lifting height range is large. At the same time, the equipment has a high degree of automation, convenient and flexible operation, good safety, high reliability, wide application, and strong versatility.

[0085] Before the hydraulic lifter synchronously lifts the lattice shell integral assembly unit, a tension adjustment device is used to adjust the tension of the steel strand on the hydraulic lifter.

[0086] The tension adjustment device includes a mounting base 24, two sets of wire clamping devices 26, and a single tension adjustment component 35. The tension adjustment component 35 is arranged between the two sets of wire clamping devices 26, and two support plates 25 are welded to the mounting base 24.

[0087] A single wire clamping device 26 includes a wire clamping roller 28 and a moving component. Two moving components are arranged on one support plate 25, and two wire clamping rollers 28 are installed on the left and right moving components respectively. The moving component includes a moving block 30 and a threaded rod 40. The threaded rod 40 is fixed between the two moving blocks 30 by welding. The moving block 30 is provided with a fixing bolt 31, and the support plate 25 is provided with a notch 33. The fixing bolt 31 passes through the notch 33, and a first nut 32 is threadedly connected to the fixing bolt 31. The wire clamping roller 28 is provided with a through hole 43, and a mounting rod 29 passes through the through hole 43. The wire clamping roller 28 rotates on the mounting rod 29. The mounting rod 29 is provided with a first mounting hole 42, and the threaded rod 40 passes through the first mounting hole 42. A second nut 34 is threadedly connected to the threaded rod 40, and the mounting rod 29 is locked by two second nuts 34.

[0088] The tension adjustment component 35 includes a rotating rod 36 and a limiting rod 39. The length of the limiting rod 39 is designed according to the distance between the two steel strands of the hydraulic lifter. Threaded columns 45 are provided at both ends of the rotating rod 36. The support plate 25 is provided with a second mounting hole 46. The threaded columns 45 pass through the second mounting hole 46 and rotate in the second mounting hole 46. A third nut 37 is provided on the threaded column 45, and the third nut 37 is locked on the support plate 25. A handle 44 is fixedly connected to the end of the threaded column 45 to facilitate the rotation of the rotating rod 36. The rotating rod 36 is fixedly connected to a base 38, and the limiting rod 39 rotates on the base 38.

[0089] Specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0090] 1) Fix the mounting base 24 to the main structure through mounting bolts.

[0091] 2) Pass the steel strand 27 of the hydraulic lifter through the area between the two wire clamping rollers 28 in each set of wire clamping devices 26.

[0092] 3) According to the positions of the upper suspension point and the lower suspension point, adjust the position of a single set of wire clamping devices 26 mounted on the support plate 25. First, loosen the first nut 32, vertically move the fixing bolt 31 in the notch 33 of the support plate 25. After adjusting the wire clamping device 26 to the set height, tighten the first nut 32.

[0093] 4) According to the specifications of the steel strand 27, move the installation rod 29 on the threaded rod 40 to adjust the distance between the two wire clamping drums 28 in the single-group wire clamping device 26. When the distance between the two wire clamping drums 28 allows the steel strand 27 of this specification to move vertically up and down between the two wire clamping drums 28, lock the installation rod 29 with two nuts II 34. Then install two limit members 41 on the installation rod 29. The two limit members 41 limit the wire clamping drums 28 so that the wire clamping drums 28 can rotate on the installation rod 29 within a set range. When the installation rod 29 is provided with a threaded hole, the limit member 41 is a screw; when the installation rod 29 is provided with a round hole or a square hole, the limit member 41 is a wire.

[0094] 5) Loosen the nut III 37, and then rotate the rotating rod 36 towards the steel strand 27 so that the limit rod 39 supports the steel strand 27, adjust the tension of the steel strand 27, and tension the steel strand 27.

[0095] The above-mentioned tension adjustment device can adjust the distance between the wire clamping drums 28 according to the specifications of the steel strand 27, so that the distance between the two wire clamping drums 28 allows the steel strand 27 of this specification to move vertically up and down between the two wire clamping drums 28, reducing the sway of the steel strand 27 and improving the stability of the movement of the steel strand 27. At the same time, the tension adjustment assembly 35 is arranged between the two groups of wire clamping devices 26. The tension adjustment assembly 35 adjusts the tension of the steel strand 27 passing through the wire clamping drums 28. By adjusting the angle of the rotating rod 36, the steel strand 27 is tensioned and can move smoothly on the limit rod 39, enabling the two steel strands 27 of the same hydraulic lifter to be lifted synchronously, ensuring the stability of the lifting (lowering) structure in the air, so that the lifting unit structure can be correctly positioned, each hydraulic lifter is evenly loaded, improving safety and reducing engineering risks. Moreover, it can adjust the position of the single-group wire clamping device 26 installed on the support plate 25, so that the part of the steel strand 27 between the wire clamping device 26 and the upper suspension point remains vertical, and at the same time, the part of the steel strand 27 between the wire clamping device 26 and the lower suspension point also remains vertical. The verticality deviation of the steel strand 27 at the upper and lower suspension points is less than 1.5°, which is used for the guidance of the steel strand 27 during the lifting process to prevent the steel strand 27 from winding.

[0096] (3) Use hydraulic lifters to synchronously lift the overall assembled unit of the reticulated shell and lift it to the set position of the installation opening. Then install connecting rods between the reticulated shell segmented assembled unit above and the overall assembled unit of the reticulated shell. Then install support rods 3 between the overall assembled unit of the reticulated shell and the main structure. Remove the hydraulic lifters, and finally remove the tension adjustment device.

[0097] The present invention constructs the single-layer reticulated shell structure in two regions. The lower two-side regions are constructed by the method of ground assembly and block hoisting, so as to reserve an installation opening at the top of the construction region A. The middle region is installed by the method of ground assembly and integral lifting. The structure of the construction region B is lifted to the set position of the installation opening in the construction region A, and then the two parts of the structure are assembled with each other, greatly reducing the amount of high-altitude construction on site and the construction difficulty. At the same time, it solves the technical problem that the net clear distance between the reticulated shell structure and the main structure is too short, resulting in that the side hoisting of the reticulated shell block unit cannot be carried out, it is difficult to meet the requirement of the crane boom, and the installation method of using a conventional crane for block high-altitude hoisting cannot be constructed.

[0098] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any simple changes, equivalent substitutions or modifications made based on the present invention to solve substantially the same technical problems and achieve substantially the same technical effects are all covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An installation method for a single-layer reticulated shell structure, characterized in that, it includes the following steps: A. Construction area division: Divide the reticulated shell structure into Construction Area 1 and Construction Area 2. Construction Area 1 is located at the lower part of the entire reticulated shell structure, and Construction Area 2 is located in the middle area at the top of the entire reticulated shell structure. An installation opening is reserved at the top of Construction Area 1, and this installation opening is used to install the steel structure of Construction Area 2; B. Construction of Construction Area 1: (1) According to the construction drawings, fabricate each reticulated shell block assembly unit in Construction Area 1, submit the working surface, and install the reticulated shell block assembly units layer by layer from bottom to top; (2) Hoist the first reticulated shell block assembly unit to the set position, and then install support rods between the first reticulated shell block assembly unit and the main structure; (3) Hoist the second reticulated shell block assembly unit to the set position, and then install support rods between the second reticulated shell block assembly unit and the main structure. Then install connecting rods between the first reticulated shell block assembly unit and the second reticulated shell block assembly unit; (4) Repeat step (3) to install the remaining reticulated shell block assembly units on the west side; (5) Repeat steps (2) to (4) to install the reticulated shell block assembly units on the east side; C. Construction of Construction Area 2: (1) According to the construction drawings, fabricate the integral reticulated shell assembly unit in Construction Area 2; (2) Design the lower lifting points according to the integral reticulated shell assembly unit, design the upper lifting points according to the main structure, then install hydraulic lifters between the lower lifting points and the upper lifting points. The upper lifting points use lifting beams, and threading holes are opened on the lifting beams. Then install the lifting beams on the two main beams of the main structure. Next, install the hydraulic lifters on the lifting beams. Then pass the steel strands on the hydraulic lifters through the threading holes of the lifting beams. The lower lifting points use supporting beams and lifting tools. First, fix the lifting tools on the supporting beams, then fix the supporting beams and the integral reticulated shell assembly unit, and then fixedly connect the steel strands and the lifting tools; Before the hydraulic lifter synchronously lifts the overall assembled unit of the reticulated shell, a tension adjustment device is used to adjust the tension of the steel wire ropes on the hydraulic lifter. The tension adjustment device includes a mounting seat, two sets of wire clamping devices, and a single tension adjustment component. The tension adjustment component is arranged between the two sets of wire clamping devices. Two support plates are welded to the mounting seat. Each wire clamping device includes a wire clamping roller and a moving component. Two moving components are arranged on one support plate. Two wire clamping rollers are mounted on the two moving components. The moving component includes a moving block and a threaded rod. The threaded rod is fixed between the two moving blocks. The moving block is provided with a fixing bolt. The support plate is provided with a notch. The fixing bolt passes through the notch and is threadedly connected with a first nut. The wire clamping roller is provided with a through hole. An installation rod passes through the through hole. The wire clamping roller rotates on the installation rod. The installation rod is provided with a first installation hole. The threaded rod passes through the first installation hole and is threadedly connected with a second nut. Two second nuts are used to lock the installation rod. The tension adjustment component includes a rotating rod and a limiting rod. Threaded columns are arranged at both ends of the rotating rod. The support plate is provided with a second installation hole. The threaded columns pass through the second installation hole and rotate in the second installation hole. The threaded columns are provided with third nuts. The third nuts are locked on the support plate. The rotating rod is fixedly connected with a base. The limiting rod rotates on the base; (3) Use a hydraulic lifter to synchronously lift the overall assembled unit of the reticulated shell, lift it to the set position of the installation opening, then install connecting rods between the reticulated shell segmented assembly unit above and the overall assembled unit of the reticulated shell, and then install support rods between the overall assembled unit of the reticulated shell and the main structure, and remove the hydraulic lifter.

2. According to the installation method of a single-layer reticulated shell structure described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: The steps of using a tension adjustment device to adjust the tension of the steel wire ropes on the hydraulic lifter include: 1) Fix the mounting seat on the main structure through mounting bolts; 2) Pass the steel wire ropes of the hydraulic lifter through the area between the two wire clamping rollers in each set of wire clamping devices; 3) According to the positions of the upper and lower suspension points, adjust the position of a single set of wire clamping devices installed on the support plate. First, loosen the first nut, vertically move the fixing bolt in the notch of the support plate, and after adjusting the wire clamping device to the set height, tighten the first nut; 4) According to the specifications of the steel wire ropes, move the installation rod on the threaded rod to adjust the distance between the two wire clamping rollers in a single set of wire clamping devices. When the distance between the two wire clamping rollers allows the steel wire ropes of this specification to vertically move up and down between the two wire clamping rollers, use two second nuts to lock the installation rod, and then install two limiters on the installation rod. The two limiters limit the wire clamping rollers, so that the wire clamping rollers rotate on the installation rod within a set range; 5) Loosen the third nut, then rotate the rotating rod towards the steel wire ropes so that the limiting rod supports the steel wire ropes, adjust the tension of the steel wire ropes, and tighten the steel wire ropes.

3. According to the installation method of a single-layer reticulated shell structure described in claim 1, It is characterized in that: In step C, an assembly platform is built on the ground, and the overall assembly unit of the reticulated shell is assembled and fabricated on the assembly platform.

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