Reference signal configuration considering the compression factor associated with the nonlinearity of transmission (TX)

Abstract

This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus for wireless communication that support reference signal configuration to account for compression factors due to transmission nonlinearity. In a first aspect, a transmitting device is configured to receive an indicator of a scaling factor from a transmitting device including a power amplifier. The scaling factor is based on input power scaling associated with linear region operation of the power amplifier, input power scaling associated with nonlinear region operation of the power amplifier, a compression factor, or a combination thereof. The transmitting device is also configured to receive shared channel resource elements (REs) from the transmitting device during a time slot and to recover the received shared channel REs based on the scaling factor. Other aspects and features are also claimed and described.

Description

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Patent Application No. 17 / 445,184 (206959), filed August 16, 2021, entitled “ACCOUNT FOR A COMPRESSION FACTOR ASSOCIATED WITH TRANSMIT(TX)NONLINEARITY,” and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 066,587 (206959P1), filed August 17, 2020, entitled “REFERENCE SIGNAL CONFIGURATION TO ACCOUNT FOR A COMPRESSION FACTOR Associated with TRANSMIT(TX)NONLINEARITY,” the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth below for all applicable purposes. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure generally relates to wireless communication systems, and more specifically, to reference signal configurations, such as reference signal configurations taking into account compression factors associated with transmission nonlinearity. Some of the disclosed techniques can configure and recover signals for transmitting and receiving devices to achieve efficient wireless communication, thereby enabling efficient power amplifier operation. Background Technology

[0004] Wireless communication networks are widely deployed to provide various communication services, such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, and broadcasting. These wireless networks can be multiple access networks capable of supporting multiple users by sharing available network resources. Such networks are typically multiple access networks that support communication among multiple users by sharing available network resources.

[0005] A wireless communication network may include multiple base stations or nodes B capable of supporting communication between multiple user equipments (UEs). UEs may communicate with base stations via downlinks and uplinks. A downlink (or forward link) refers to the communication link from the base station to the UE, and an uplink (or reverse link) refers to the communication link from the UE to the base station.

[0006] The base station can send data and control information to the UE on the downlink and / or receive data and control information from the UE on the uplink. On the downlink, transmissions from the base station may encounter interference from neighboring base stations or other radio frequency (RF) transmitters. On the uplink, transmissions from the UE may encounter interference from uplink transmissions from other UEs communicating with neighboring base stations or from other RF transmitters. This interference degrades both downlink and uplink performance.

[0007] With the continued increase in demand for mobile broadband access, and with more user devices (UEs) accessing long-range wireless communication networks and more short-range wireless systems being deployed in communities, the likelihood of network interference and congestion is increasing. Research and development are constantly driving the advancement of wireless technologies, not only to meet the growing demand for mobile broadband access, but also to improve and enhance the user's mobile communication experience.

[0008] A transmitting device may send waveforms to a receiving device during uplink or downlink communication. When a transmitting device sends a waveform, the waveform may be distorted based on one or more radio frequency (RF) components of the transmitting device, such as those from a power amplifier. For example, when a power amplifier operates in a non-linear region, the waveform may experience distortion associated with a compression factor due to transmit (Tx) non-linearity. Based on this distortion, a receiving device receiving a waveform that includes the distorted waveform may experience poor performance. For example, distortion may make the waveform appear noisy at the receiving device and cause the receiving device to misclassify the modulated waveform. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The following outlines some aspects of this disclosure to provide a basic understanding of the techniques discussed. This overview is not a comprehensive summary of all anticipated features of this disclosure, and is neither intended to identify key or essential elements of all aspects of this disclosure, nor to depict the scope of any or all aspects of this disclosure. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects of this disclosure in an overview form as a prelude to the more detailed description that follows.

[0010] One innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in a wireless communication method performed by a receiving device. The method includes receiving an indicator of a scaling factor from a transmitting device including a power amplifier. The scaling factor may be based on input power scaling associated with linear region operation of the power amplifier, input power scaling associated with nonlinear region operation of the power amplifier, a compression factor, or a combination thereof. The method also includes receiving a shared channel resource element (RE) from the transmitting device during a time slot and recovering the received shared channel RE based on the scaling factor.

[0011] Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in a receiving device. The receiving device includes at least one processor and a memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing processor-readable instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, are configured to receive an indicator of a scaling factor from a transmitting device including a power amplifier. The scaling factor may be based on input power scaling associated with linear region operation of the power amplifier, input power scaling associated with nonlinear region operation of the power amplifier, a compression factor, or a combination thereof. The processor-readable instructions are also configured to receive a shared channel RE from the transmitting device during a time slot and to recover the received shared channel RE based on the scaling factor.

[0012] Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in an apparatus configured for wireless communication. The apparatus includes components for receiving an indicator of a scaling factor from a transmitting device including a power amplifier. The scaling factor may be based on input power scaling associated with linear region operation of the power amplifier, input power scaling associated with nonlinear region operation of the power amplifier, a compression factor, or a combination thereof. The apparatus also includes components for receiving a shared channel RE from the transmitting device during a time slot, and components for recovering the received shared channel RE based on the scaling factor.

[0013] Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform operations including receiving an indicator of a scaling factor from a transmitting device including a power amplifier. The scaling factor may be based on input power scaling associated with linear region operation of the power amplifier, input power scaling associated with nonlinear region operation of the power amplifier, a compression factor, or a combination thereof. These operations also include receiving a shared channel RE from the transmitting device during a time slot and recovering the received shared channel RE based on the scaling factor.

[0014] Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in an apparatus configured for wireless communication. The apparatus includes an interface configured for wireless communication and a processor system coupled to the interface. The interface is configured to receive an indicator of a scaling factor from a transmitting device including a power amplifier. The scaling factor may be based on input power scaling associated with linear region operation of the power amplifier, input power scaling associated with nonlinear region operation of the power amplifier, a compression factor, or a combination thereof. The interface is also configured to receive a shared channel RE from the transmitting device during a time slot. The processor system is configured to recover the received shared channel RE based on the scaling factor.

[0015] Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in a wireless communication method performed by a transmitting device. The method includes transmitting an indicator of a scaling factor to a receiving device. The scaling factor is based on input power scaling associated with linear region operation of a power amplifier, input power scaling associated with nonlinear region operation of a power amplifier, a compression factor, or a combination thereof. The method also includes configuring a shared channel RE based on input power scaling associated with linear region operation of a power amplifier, input power scaling associated with nonlinear region operation of a power amplifier, or a combination thereof, and transmitting the configured shared channel RE to the receiving device.

[0016] Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in a transmitting device. The transmitting device includes at least one processor and a memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing processor-readable instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, are configured to initiate the transmission of an indicator of a scaling factor to a receiving device. The scaling factor is based on input power scaling associated with linear region operation of a power amplifier, input power scaling associated with nonlinear region operation of a power amplifier, a compression factor, or a combination thereof. The processor-readable instructions are also configured to configure a shared channel RE based on input power scaling associated with linear region operation of a power amplifier, input power scaling associated with nonlinear region operation of a power amplifier, or a combination thereof, and to initiate the transmission of the configured shared channel RE to the receiving device.

[0017] Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in an apparatus configured for wireless communication. The apparatus includes components for transmitting an indicator of a scaling factor to a receiving device. The scaling factor is based on input power scaling associated with linear region operation of a power amplifier, input power scaling associated with nonlinear region operation of a power amplifier, a compression factor, or a combination thereof. The apparatus also includes components for configuring a shared channel RE based on the input power scaling associated with linear region operation of a power amplifier, the input power scaling associated with nonlinear region operation of a power amplifier, or a combination thereof, and components for transmitting the configured shared channel RE to the receiving device.

[0018] Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform operations including transmitting an indicator for initiating a scaling factor to a receiving device. The scaling factor is based on input power scaling associated with linear region operation of the power amplifier, input power scaling associated with nonlinear region operation of the power amplifier, a compression factor, or a combination thereof. These operations also include configuring a shared channel RE based on input power scaling associated with linear region operation of the power amplifier, input power scaling associated with nonlinear region operation of the power amplifier, or a combination thereof, and initiating the transmission of the configured shared channel RE to the receiving device.

[0019] Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in an apparatus configured for wireless communication. The apparatus includes an interface configured for wireless communication and a processor system coupled to the interface. The interface is configured to send an indicator of a scaling factor to a receiving device. The scaling factor is based on input power scaling associated with linear region operation of a power amplifier, input power scaling associated with nonlinear region operation of a power amplifier, a compression factor, or a combination thereof. The processor system is configured to configure a shared channel RE based on the input power scaling associated with linear region operation of the power amplifier, the input power scaling associated with nonlinear region operation of the power amplifier, or a combination thereof. The interface is also configured to send the configured shared channel RE to the receiving device.

[0020] Other aspects, features, and embodiments will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following description of specific exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. While features may be discussed with respect to certain aspects and the drawings below, all embodiments may include one or more of the advantageous features discussed herein. In other words, while one or more aspects may be discussed as having certain advantageous features, one or more such features may also be used according to the various embodiments discussed herein. Similarly, while exemplary aspects may be discussed below as aspects of an apparatus, system, or method, exemplary aspects may be implemented in various apparatuses, systems, and methods. Attached Figure Description

[0021] A further understanding of the nature and advantages of this disclosure can be achieved by referring to the following accompanying drawings. In the drawings, similar components or features may have the same reference numerals. Furthermore, various components of the same type can be distinguished by adding a dash after the reference numeral and a second reference numeral to differentiate between similar components. If only the first reference numeral is used in the description, the description applies to any similar part having the same first reference numeral, regardless of the second reference numeral.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a block diagram illustrating details of a wireless communication system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a conceptual illustration of a block diagram showing the design of a base station and a UE configured according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 3 The diagram illustrates a block diagram of an example wireless communication system that supports a reference signal configuration to account for compression factors due to transmission nonlinearity.

[0025] Figure 4 The diagram is based on an example of a receiving constellation, showing a reference signal configuration that takes into account the compression factor due to nonlinear transmission.

[0026] Figure 5 This is an example diagram based on some aspects of the uplink timeslot format.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating an example process of configuring a support reference signal based on several aspects to take into account a compression factor associated with transmission nonlinearity.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating an example process of configuring a reference signal based on several aspects to account for the compression factor due to transmission nonlinearity.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a block diagram of an example UE that supports wireless communication based on some aspects.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a block diagram of an example base station that supports wireless communication based on some aspects.

[0031] The same reference numerals and names in different figures indicate the same elements. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The detailed description that follows, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, is intended as a description of various configurations and is not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. Rather, the detailed description includes specific details intended to provide a thorough understanding of the subject matter of the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these specific details are not necessary in every case, and in some cases, well-known structures and components are shown in block diagram form for clarity of expression.

[0033] This disclosure generally relates to providing or participating in licensed shared access between two or more wireless devices in one or more wireless communication systems (also referred to as wireless communication networks). In various embodiments, these techniques and apparatuses can be used in wireless communication networks such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) networks, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) networks, Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) networks, Orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA) networks, Single Carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) networks, LTE networks, GSM networks, fifth-generation (5G) or new radio (NR) networks (sometimes referred to as “5G NR” networks / systems / devices), and other communication networks. As described herein, the terms “network” and “system” are used interchangeably.

[0034] For example, CDMA networks can implement radio technologies such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and CDMA2000. UTRA includes Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (W-CDMA) and Low Chip Rate (LCR). CDMA2000 covers the IS-2000, IS-95, and IS-856 standards.

[0035] For example, TDMA networks can implement radio technologies such as the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM). The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) defines the standard for the GSM EDGE (Enhanced Data Rate GSM Evolution) Radio Access Network (RAN) (also known as GERAN). GERAN is the radio component of GSM / EDGE, and the network connecting base stations (e.g., Ater and Abis interfaces) and base station controllers (A interface, etc.). The radio access network represents a component of the GSM network through which telephone calls and packet data are routed from the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) and the Internet to the user's mobile phone, or from the user's mobile phone to the PSTN and the Internet. The user's mobile phone is also called a user terminal or user equipment (UE). A mobile phone operator's network may include one or more GERANs, which, in the case of UMTS / GSM networks, may be coupled to the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN). Additionally, the operator's network may also include one or more LTE networks and / or one or more other networks. Different network types may use different Radio Access Technologies (RATs) and Radio Access Networks (RANs).

[0036] OFDMA networks can implement radio technologies such as evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.16, IEEE 802.20, and flash-OFDM. UTRA, E-UTRA, and the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) are part of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). Specifically, Long Term Evolution (LTE) is a UMTS release using E-UTRA. UTRA, E-UTRA, GSM, UMTS, and LTE are described in documents provided by an organization called the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), and cdma2000 is described in documents provided by an organization called 3rd Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2). These different radio technologies and standards are known or under development. For example, 3GPP is a collaboration between telecommunications associations aimed at defining globally applicable third-generation (3G) mobile phone specifications. 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) is a 3GPP project aimed at improving the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) mobile phone standard. 3GPP can define specifications for next-generation mobile networks, mobile systems, and mobile devices. This disclosure may describe certain aspects with reference to LTE, 4G, or 5G NR technologies; however, this description is not intended to be limited to any particular technology or application, and one or more aspects described with reference to one technology may be understood to be applicable to another technology. In fact, one or more aspects of this disclosure relate to wireless spectrum sharing access between networks using different radio access technologies or radio air interfaces.

[0037] 5G networks take into account different deployments, different spectrums, and different services and devices that can be implemented using a unified air interface based on OFDM. To achieve these goals, enhancements to LTE and LTE-A are also considered, in addition to the development of new radio technologies for 5G NR networks. 5G NR will be able to extend to provide coverage with: (1) ultra-high density (e.g., approximately 1 M nodes / km). 2 (1) Massive Internet of Things (IoT) with ultra-low complexity (e.g., approximately tens of bits per second), ultra-low energy consumption (e.g., battery life of approximately 10 years or more), and deep coverage capable of reaching challenging locations; (2) Mission-critical controls with robust security to protect sensitive personal, financial, or confidential information, ultra-high reliability (e.g., approximately 99.9999% reliability), ultra-low latency (e.g., approximately 1 millisecond (ms)), and users with wide mobility or lack thereof; and (3) Enhanced mobile broadband, including extremely high capacity (e.g., approximately 10 Tbps / km). 2 ), extremely high data rates (e.g., multi-Gbps rates, user experience rates of over 100Mbps), and deep awareness of advanced discovery and optimization.

[0038] 5G NR devices, networks, and systems can be implemented using optimized OFDM-based waveform characteristics. These characteristics can include scalable system parameters and transmission time intervals (TTI); a general, flexible framework to efficiently multiplex services and features using dynamic, low-latency Time Division Duplex (TDD) / Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) designs; and advanced radio technologies such as massive MIMO, robust millimeter-wave (mmWave) transmission, advanced channel coding, and device-centric mobility. The scalability of parameter sets and the expansion of subcarrier spacing in 5G NR can efficiently address the challenge of operating different services across different spectrums and deployments. For example, in various outdoor and macro coverage deployments using FDD / TDD implementations below 3 GHz, subcarrier spacing over bandwidths such as 1 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz, and 20 MHz might be 15 kHz. For other various outdoor and small cell coverage deployments using TDD above 3 GHz, subcarrier spacing over 80 / 100 MHz bandwidth might be 30 kHz. For various other indoor broadband implementations, using TDD on the unlicensed portion of the 5 GHz band, the subcarrier spacing over a 160 MHz bandwidth could be 60 kHz. Finally, for various deployments transmitting millimeter-wave components using 28 GHz TDD, the subcarrier spacing over a 500 MHz bandwidth could be 120 kHz.

[0039] 5G NR's scalable numerology facilitates scalable TTIs for varying latency and Quality of Service (QoS) requirements. For example, shorter TTIs can be used for low latency and high reliability, while longer TTIs can be used for higher spectral efficiency. Efficient multiplexing of long and short TTIs allows transmissions to begin at symbol boundaries. 5G NR also considers self-contained integrated subframe designs that incorporate uplink / downlink scheduling information, data, and acknowledgments within the same subframe. These self-contained integrated subframes support adaptive uplink / downlink communication in unlicensed or contention-based shared spectrum, and can be flexibly configured on a per-cell basis to dynamically switch between uplink and downlink to meet current service demands.

[0040] For clarity, certain aspects of the apparatus and technology may be described below with reference to an example 5G NR implementation or in a 5G-centric manner, and 5G terminology may be used as illustrative examples in the following description; however, this description is not intended to be limited to 5G applications.

[0041] Furthermore, it should be understood that in operation, wireless communication networks adapted according to the concepts herein can operate in any combination of licensed or unlicensed spectrum, depending on load and availability. Therefore, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the systems, apparatuses, and methods described herein can be applied to other communication systems and applications besides the specific examples provided.

[0042] While aspects and implementations have been described in this application by way of example, those skilled in the art will understand that additional implementations and use cases may arise in many different arrangements and scenarios. The innovations described herein can be implemented across many different platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, packaging arrangements, etc. For example, embodiments and / or uses may be implemented via integrated chip embodiments and / or other devices based on non-modular components (e.g., end-user devices, vehicles, communication devices, computing devices, industrial equipment, retail / purchasing devices, medical devices, AI-enabled devices, etc.). While some examples may or may not be specifically targeted at a use case or application, the broad applicability of the described innovations is likely to emerge. The scope of implementations can range from chip-level or modular components to non-modular, non-chip-level implementations, and further to aggregated, distributed, or OEM devices or systems incorporating one or more of the described aspects. In some practical settings, devices incorporating the described aspects and features may also necessarily include additional components and features for implementing and practicing the claimed and described embodiments. The innovations described herein can be implemented in various ways, including large / small devices of different sizes, shapes and constructions, chip-level components, multi-component systems (e.g., RF chains, communication interfaces, processors), distributed arrangements, decomposed but connected or aggregated devices, end-user equipment, etc.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a block diagram illustrating details of an example wireless communication system. The wireless communication system may include a wireless network 100. For example, wireless network 100 may include a 5G wireless network. As those skilled in the art will understand, Figure 1 The components appearing in this may have corresponding counterparts in other network arrangements, including, for example, cellular network arrangements and non-cellular network arrangements (e.g., device-to-device, peer-to-peer, or self-organizing network arrangements).

[0044] Figure 1The illustrated wireless network 100 includes multiple base stations 105 and other network entities. A base station can be a station communicating with a UE and can also be referred to as an evolved Node B (eNB), a next-generation eNB (gNB), an access point, etc. Each base station 105 can provide communication coverage for a specific geographic area. In 3GPP, the term "cell" can refer to that specific geographic coverage area of ​​the base station and / or the base station subsystem serving that coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used. In the embodiments of the wireless network 100 herein, base stations 105 can be associated with the same operator or different operators (e.g., the wireless network 100 may include multiple operator wireless networks). Additionally, in the embodiments of the wireless network 100 herein, base stations 105 can use one or more of the same frequencies (e.g., licensed spectrum, unlicensed spectrum, or combinations thereof) as neighboring cells to provide wireless communication. In some examples, a single base station 105 or UE 115 can be operated by more than one network operating entity. In some examples, each base station 105 and UE 115 can be operated by a single network operating entity.

[0045] Base stations can provide communication coverage for macro cells or small cells (such as pico cells or femto cells) and / or other types of cells. Macro cells typically cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., a radius of several kilometers) and allow unrestricted access for UEs that have subscribed to services from a network provider. Small cells, such as pico cells, typically cover a relatively small geographic area and allow unrestricted access for UEs that have subscribed to services from a network provider. Small cells, such as femto cells, typically also cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home) and, in addition to unrestricted access, can also provide restricted access by UEs associated with the femto cell (e.g., UEs in a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG), UEs of users in a home, etc.). A base station for a macro cell can be referred to as a macro base station. A base station for a small cell can be referred to as a small cell base station, pico base station, femto base station, or home base station. Figure 1 In the example shown, base stations 105d and 105e are conventional macro base stations, while base stations 105a to 105c are macro base stations supporting one of three-dimensional (3D), full-dimensional (FD), or massive MIMO. Base stations 105a to 105c utilize their higher-dimensional MIMO capabilities to increase coverage and capacity using 3D beamforming in elevation and azimuth beamforming. Base station 105f is a small cell base station, which can be a home node or a portable access point. A base station can support one or more (e.g., two, three, four, etc.) cells.

[0046] Wireless network 100 can support synchronous or asynchronous operation. For synchronous operation, base stations can have similar frame timings, and transmissions from different base stations can be approximately concurrent in time. For asynchronous operation, base stations may have different frame timings, and transmissions from different base stations may be inconsistent in time. In some cases, the network can be enabled or configured to handle dynamic switching between synchronous and asynchronous operation.

[0047] UE 115 is distributed throughout the wireless network 100, and each UE can be fixed or mobile. It should be understood that although mobile devices are generally referred to as User Equipment (UE) in the standards and specifications published by 3GPP, those skilled in the art may additionally or otherwise refer to such devices as mobile station (MS), user station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, radio unit, remote unit, mobile device, radio device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal (AT), mobile terminal, radio terminal, remote terminal, mobile phone, terminal, user agent, mobile client, client, gaming device, augmented reality device, vehicle component device / module, or some other suitable term. In this document, a “mobile” device or UE does not necessarily need to be mobile and can be stationary. Some non-limiting examples of mobile devices, such as implementations that may include one or more UE 115, include mobile phones, cellular phones, smartphones, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phones, Wireless Local Loop (WLL) stations, laptops, personal computers (PCs), notebooks, netbooks, smartbooks, tablets, and personal digital assistants (PDAs). Additionally, the mobile device can be an "Internet of Things" (IoT) or "Internet of Everything" (IoE) device, such as automobiles or other vehicles, satellite radios, Global Positioning System (GPS) devices, logistics controllers, drones, multi-rotor helicopters, quadcopter helicopters, smart energy or security equipment, solar panels or solar arrays, municipal lighting, water or other infrastructure; industrial automation and enterprise equipment; consumer and wearable devices, such as glasses, wearable cameras, smartwatches, health or fitness trackers, mammalian implantable devices, gesture tracking devices, medical devices, digital audio players (e.g., MP3 players), cameras, game consoles, etc.; and digital home or smart home devices, such as home audio, video and multimedia equipment, appliances, sensors, vending machines, smart lighting, home security systems, smart meters, etc. In one aspect, the UE can be a device that includes a Universal Integrated Circuit Card (UICC). In another aspect, the UE can be a device that does not include a UICC. In some aspects, a UE that does not include a UICC can also be referred to as an IoE device. Figure 1The UEs 115a to 115d in the illustrated embodiments are examples of mobile smartphone-type devices accessing the wireless network 100. The UE can also be a machine specifically configured for connectivity and communication, including machine-type communication (MTC), enhanced MTC (eMTC), narrowband IoT (NB-IoT), etc. Figure 1 The UEs 115e to 115k shown are examples of various machines configured for accessing communications of the wireless network 100.

[0048] Mobile devices such as the UE 115 can communicate with any type of base station, whether it's a macro base station, pico base station, femto base station, relay station, etc. Figure 1 In this context, a communication link (represented by a lightning bolt) indicates a radio transmission between the UE and a serving base station (which is designated to serve the UE on the downlink and / or uplink), or a desired transmission between base stations, as well as a backhaul transmission between base stations. In some cases, the UE may operate as a base station or other network node. Backhaul communication between base stations of the wireless network 100 can be performed using wired and / or wireless communication links.

[0049] In the operation of wireless network 100, base stations 105a to 105c use 3D beamforming and coordinated spatial technologies (such as Coordinated Multipoint (CoMP) or multiple connections) to serve UEs 115a and 115b. Macro base station 105d performs backhaul communication with base stations 105a to 105c and small cell base station 105f. Macro base station 105d also transmits multicast services subscribed to and received by UEs 115c and 115d. Such multicast services may include mobile television or streaming video, or may include other services for providing community information, such as weather emergencies or alerts, such as yellow (Amber) alerts or gray (Gray) alerts.

[0050] The wireless network 100 of this implementation supports mission-critical communication for mission-critical devices, such as UE 115e as a drone, with highly reliable and redundant links. The redundant communication links with UE 115e include links from macro base stations 105d and 105e and small cell base station 105f. Other machine-type devices, such as UE 115f (thermometer), UE 115g (smart meter), and UE 115h (wearable device), can communicate via the wireless network 100 or directly with base stations such as small cell base station 105f and macro base station 105e, or in a multi-hop configuration by communicating with another user equipment relaying its information to the network (e.g., UE 115f communicating temperature measurement information to smart meter UE 115g, and then reporting that temperature measurement information to the network via small cell base station 105f). Wireless network 100 can also provide additional network efficiency, such as in vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) mesh networks between UEs 115i to 115k communicating with macro base station 105e, through dynamic, low-latency TDD / FDD communication.

[0051] Figure 2 A block diagram conceptually illustrates an example design for base station 105 and UE 115, which can be... Figure 1 Any of the base stations and one of the UEs. For restricted association scenarios (as described above), base station 105 can be Figure 1 The small cell base station 105f is used, and UE 115 can be UE 115c or 115D operating within the service area of ​​base station 105f. To access small cell base station 105f, it will be included in the list of accessible UEs of small cell base station 105f. Base station 105 can also be some other type of base station. For example... Figure 2 As shown, base station 105 may be equipped with antennas 234a to 234t, and UE 115 may be equipped with antennas 252a to 252r for wireless communication.

[0052] At base station 105, transmitting processor 220 can receive data from data source 212 and control information from controller / processor 240. The control information can be used for Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH), Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH), Physical Hybrid ARQ (Automatic Repeat Request) Indicator Channel (PHICH), Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), Enhanced Physical Downlink Control Channel (EPDCCH), MTC Physical Downlink Control Channel (MPDCCH), etc. Data can be used for PDSCH, etc. Additionally, transmitting processor 220 can process (e.g., encode and symbol map) the data and control information to obtain data symbols and control symbols respectively. Transmitting processor 220 can also generate reference symbols, such as for primary synchronization signals (PSS) and secondary synchronization signals (SSS), as well as cell-specific reference signals. The transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 can perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on ​​data symbols, control symbols, and / or reference symbols (if applicable), and can provide output symbol streams to modulators (MODs) 232a to 232t. For example, spatial processing performed on data symbols, control symbols, or reference symbols may include precoding. Each modulator 232 can process the corresponding output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modulator 232 can additionally or alternatively process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and up-convert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. The downlink signal from modulators 232a to 232t can be transmitted via antennas 234a to 234t, respectively.

[0053] At UE 115, antennas 252a to 252r can receive downlink signals from base station 105 and can provide the received signals to demodulators (DEMODs) 254a to 254r respectively. Each demodulator 254 can adjust (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and digitize) the corresponding received signal to obtain input samples. Each demodulator 254 can also process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) to obtain received symbols. MIMO detector 256 can obtain received symbols from demodulators 254a to 254r, perform MIMO detection on the received symbols if applicable, and provide the detected symbols. Receiver processor 258 can process (e.g., demodulate, deinterleave, and decode) the detected symbols, provide the decoded data of UE 115 to data sink 260, and provide the decoded control information to controller / processor 280.

[0054] On the uplink, at UE 115, the transmitting processor 264 can receive and process data from data source 262 (e.g., for the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)) and control information from controller / processor 280 (e.g., for the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)). Additionally, the transmitting processor 264 can also generate reference symbols for reference signals. If applicable, the symbols from the transmitting processor 264 can be pre-coded by the TX MIMO processor 266, further processed by modulators 254a to 254r (e.g., for SC-FDM, etc.), and transmitted to base station 105. At base station 105, the uplink signal from UE 115 can be received by antenna 234, processed by demodulator 232, detected by MIMO detector 236 if applicable, and further processed by receiving processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information transmitted by UE 115. The processor 238 can provide decoded data to the data sink 239 and provide decoded control information to the controller / processor 240.

[0055] Controllers / processors 240 and 280 can respectively direct operations at base station 105 and UE 115. The controller / processor 240 and / or other processors and modules at base station 105 and / or the controller / processor 280 and / or other processors and modules at UE 115 can perform or direct the execution of various processes of the technology described herein, such as performing or directing... Figure 6 and Figure 7 The execution shown herein, and / or other processes of the techniques described herein. Memory 242 and 282 may store data and program code for base station 105 and UE 115, respectively. Scheduler 244 may schedule data transmission by the UE on the downlink and / or uplink.

[0056] Wireless communication systems operated by different network operators (e.g., network carriers) can share spectrum. In some cases, a network operator can be configured to use the entire designated shared spectrum for at least a certain period before another network operator uses it at different times. Therefore, in order to allow network operators to use the entire designated shared spectrum and to mitigate interference communications between different network operators, certain resources (e.g., time) can be allocated and distributed to different network operators for certain types of communication.

[0057] For example, a network operator may be allocated certain time resources reserved for exclusive communication using the entire shared spectrum. A network operator may also be allocated additional time resources, in which it is given higher priority than other network operators to use the shared spectrum for communication. If the prioritized network operator does not utilize these resources, these time resources reserved for its use may be utilized by other network operators on an opportunity basis. Additional time resources may be allocated to any network operator on an opportunity basis.

[0058] Access to shared spectrum and arbitration of time resources between different network operators can be centrally controlled by a single entity, determined autonomously by a predefined arbitration scheme, or dynamically determined based on the interaction between wireless nodes of network operators.

[0059] In some cases, UE 115 and base station 105 may operate in a shared radio spectrum band, which may include licensed or unlicensed (e.g., contention-based) spectrum. In the unlicensed frequency portion of the shared radio spectrum band, UE 115 or base station 105 may conventionally perform media-aware procedures to compete for spectrum access. For example, UE 115 or base station 105 may perform a Listen-Before-Speak (LBT) procedure, such as Clear Channel Assessment (CCA), before communication to determine if a shared channel is available. In some implementations, CCA may include an energy detection procedure to determine if any other active transmissions are present. For example, the device may infer that a change in the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) of a power meter indicates that the channel is occupied. Specifically, signal power concentrated in a certain bandwidth and exceeding a predetermined noise floor may indicate another wireless transmitter. CCA may also include the detection of a specific sequence indicating channel usage. For example, another device may transmit a specific preamble before transmitting a data sequence. In some cases, the LBT process may include the wireless node adjusting its own backoff window as a collision proxy based on the amount of energy detected on the channel and / or the acknowledgment / negative acknowledgment (ACK / NACK) feedback on its own transmitted packets.

[0060] Figure 3 This is a block diagram of an example wireless communication system 300, which supports a reference signal configuration to account for compression factors due to transmission nonlinearity. In some examples, the wireless communication system 300 may implement aspects of the wireless network 100. The wireless communication system 300 includes a transmitting device 315 and a receiving device 305. As referenced herein... Figure 3As described, transmitting device 315 and receiving device 305 are configured for uplink (UL) communication. When configured for UL communication, receiving device 305 includes base station 105, and transmitting device 315 includes UE 115. Alternatively, transmitting device 315 and receiving device 305 can be configured for downlink (DL) communication. When configured for DL ​​communication, receiving device 305 includes UE 115, and transmitting device 315 includes base station 105.

[0061] Transmitting device 315 may include various components (such as architecture, hardware components) for performing one or more of the functions described herein. For example, these components may include one or more processors 302 (hereinafter collectively referred to as “processor 302”), one or more memory devices 304 (hereinafter collectively referred to as “memory 304”), one or more power amplifiers 314 (hereinafter collectively referred to as “power amplifier 314”), one or more transmitters 316 (hereinafter collectively referred to as “transmitter 316”), and one or more receivers 318 (hereinafter collectively referred to as “receiver 318”). Processor 302 may be configured to execute instructions stored in memory 304 to perform the operations described herein. In some embodiments, processor 302 includes or corresponds to one or more of receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, and controller 280, and memory 304 includes or corresponds to memory 282.

[0062] The memory 304 may include one or more reference signal configurations 306 (hereinafter collectively referred to as "reference signal configurations 306") and one or more scaling factors 308 (hereinafter collectively referred to as "scaling factors 308").

[0063] Reference signal configuration 306 may include one or more reference signal configurations as described herein. For example, the reference signal configuration may be configured to take into account the compression factor due to Tx nonlinearity. Additionally or alternatively, reference signal configuration 306 may include or correspond to one or more MCSs. Scaling factor 308 may include one or more scaling factors that the receiving device uses to take into account the compression factor due to Tx nonlinearity.

[0064] Power amplifier 314 can be configured as part of a transmission chain configured to transmit one or more waveforms or signals. Transmitter 316 is configured to transmit reference signals, control information, and data to one or more other devices, and receiver 318 is configured to receive synchronization signals, control information, and data from one or more other devices. For example, transmitter 316 can transmit signaling, control information, and data to receiving device 305 or base station 105, receiving device 305 or base station 105, receiving the signaling and control, and receiver 318 can receive the information and data. In some embodiments, transmitter 316 and receiver 318 can be integrated into one or more transceivers. Additionally or alternatively, as an illustrative and non-limiting example, transmitter 316 or receiver 318 may include or correspond to a reference signal. Figure 2 One or more components of the UE115 described.

[0065] Receiving device 305 may include various components (such as architecture, hardware components) for performing one or more of the functions described herein. For example, these components may include one or more processors 352 (hereinafter collectively referred to as "processor 352"), one or more memory devices 354 (hereinafter collectively referred to as "memory 354"), one or more transmitters 356 (hereinafter collectively referred to as "transmitter 356"), and one or more receivers 358 (hereinafter collectively referred to as "receiver 358"). Processor 352 may be configured to execute instructions stored in memory 354 to perform the operations described herein. In some embodiments, processor 352 includes or corresponds to one or more of receiving processor 238, transmitting processor 220, and controller 240, and memory 354 includes or corresponds to memory 242.

[0066] The memory 354 may include noise information 360 and channel coefficient information 362. Noise information 360 may include noise variance, noise covariance matrix, or a combination thereof. Channel coefficient information 362 may include one or more channel coefficients, such as one or more channel coefficient estimates.

[0067] Transmitter 356 is configured to transmit reference signals, synchronization signals, control information, and data to one or more other devices, and receiver 358 is configured to receive reference signals, control information, and data from one or more other devices. For example, transmitter 356 may transmit signaling, control information, and data to transmitting device 315 or to UE 115, and receiver 358 may receive signaling, control information, and data from transmitting device 315 or to UE 115. In some embodiments, transmitter 356 and receiver 358 may be integrated into one or more transceivers. Additionally or alternatively, as an illustrative and non-limiting example, transmitter 356 or receiver 358 may include or correspond to a reference signal. Figure 2One or more components of the described base station 105.

[0068] In some implementations, the wireless communication system 300 implements a 5G New Radio (NR) network. For example, the wireless communication system 300 may include multiple 5G-capable UEs 115 and multiple 5G-capable base stations 105, such as UEs and base stations configured to operate according to 5G NR network protocols such as those defined by 3GPP.

[0069] Transmitting device 315 can be configured to transmit a waveform to receiving device 305. Based on one or more radio frequency (RF) components of transmitting device 315, such as those transmitted through power amplifier 314, the waveform may be distorted. For example, the distortion may be at least partially caused by a compression factor associated with the transmit (Tx) nonlinearity of the power amplifier.

[0070] When the transmitted waveform is distorted by power amplifier 314, the output from power amplifier 314 can be considered as a scaled version of the complete waveform (e.g., an undistorted waveform) and the sum of distortions unrelated to the complete transmitted waveform. For illustration, the input to power amplifier 314 can be expressed as s(t), where t is the time variable. Based on Bussgang's theorem, the output of power amplifier 314 can be characterized as:

[0071] α(s(t))+d(t),

[0072] Here, α is a first scaling factor (also referred to herein as a compression factor), and d(t) is distortion unrelated to s(t). In some implementations, distortion, such as nonlinear distortion, may be caused by the power amplifier 314. For example, when the power amplifier 314 operates in its nonlinear region, the waveform may experience considerable distortion. In order for the receiving device 305 to demodulate the received signal distorted by the power amplifier 314, the receiving device 305 may need to account for the first scaling factor α, as further described herein.

[0073] refer to Figure 4 The diagram illustrates an example of a receiving constellation based on several aspects, showing a reference signal configuration that takes into account the compression factor due to transmission nonlinearity. For example, Figure 4 Including Figure 400 and Figure 450, in Figure 400, the first scaling factor α is compensated, while in Figure 450, the first scaling factor α is not compensated. Each of Figures 400 and 450 illustrates the transmission of a 16QAM signal on an OFDM subcarrier. For illustration, each of Figures 400 and 450 shows sixteen clusters. Each cluster can be associated with a first set of points (such as point 402) corresponding to the transmitted waveform, i.e., s(t).

[0074] As shown in the second figure 450, point 402 is not located at the center of each cluster, which results in suboptimal modulation performance for the receiving device 305. However, as shown in the first figure 400, where the first scaling factor α is compensated and the clusters are shifted such that point 402 is located at the center of each cluster, for example, these centers are aligned with the ideal constellation points. Compared to the second figure 450, shifting each cluster results in a better average classification of the modulated signal.

[0075] refer to Figure 5 An example diagram of a time slot format 500 according to some aspects is shown. The time slot format 500 can help the receiving device 305 consider compression factors in demodulation processing. The time slot format 500, such as the uplink time slot format, may include or correspond to a reference signal configuration 306, a scaling factor 308, or a combination thereof. Although the uplink signal is referenced for presentation and description... Figure 5 To help the receiving device 305 take into account the scaling factor in the demodulation process, but Figure 5 The description can also be applied to downlink signals.

[0076] Time slot format 500 includes time slot 520. Time slot 520 includes multiple symbols 521 to 528 in the time domain, such as multiple OFDM symbols. Although time slot 520 is shown as having 7 symbols, the time slot can include n symbols, where n is a positive integer greater than 1. In some implementations, as described herein, n equals 14. Time slot format 500 also includes multiple subcarriers 540 to 551.

[0077] Time slot format 500 can define the positions of the first group of DMRS RE 510, the first group of PUSCH RE 512, the second group of DMRS RE 514, and the second group of PUSCH RE 516. For downlink communication, the first group of PUSCH RE 512 and the second group of PUSCH RE 516 can be the first group of PDSCH RE and the second group of PDSCH RE, respectively. The first DMRS RE 510 and the second DMRS RE 514 can be used for channel estimation in 5G waveforms. The DMRS RE is associated with the carrier and is the transmitter on the first OFDM symbol, and is used to estimate the propagation channel, such as a multipath channel.

[0078] Based on the reference signal configuration associated with time slot format 500, power amplifier 314 can operate in the linear region for the transmission of the first OFDM symbol 521. To operate the power amplifier in the linear region, the input signal (e.g., s(t)) can be reduced such that power amplifier 314 does not operate near its saturation point. A first set of DMRS REs 510 is associated with the carrier and transmitted on the first OFDM symbol 521, and is used to estimate the propagation channel, such as a multipath channel. Other OFDM symbols (i.e., OFDM symbols other than the first OFDM symbol 521) are transmitted in the nonlinear region of the power amplifier. Additionally, a second set of DMRS REs 514 is transmitted on another symbol that does not include the first set of DMRS REs 514. For example, the second set of DMRS REs 514 is transmitted on the second OFDM symbol 522. The second set of DMRS REs 514 can be used to estimate the noise variance, the noise covariance matrix, or both.

[0079] Although the first set of DMRS REs 510 is shown on the first OFDM symbol 521 and the second set of DMRS REs is shown on the second OFDM symbol 522, in other embodiments, the first set of DMRS REs 510, the second set of DMRS REs 514, or both may be on different OFDM symbols. The positions of the first set of DMRS REs 510 and the second set of DMRS REs 514 are known to the transmitting device 315 and the receiving device 305 and may be defined based on standards. In some embodiments, the receiving device 305 may indicate a reference signal configuration, such as time slot format 500, to the transmitting device 315. For example, if multiple reference signal configurations are available, the receiving device 305 may indicate a specific reference signal configuration among the multiple reference signal configurations for use by the transmitting device 315.

[0080] In some implementations, time slot format 500 corresponds to a reference signal configuration, wherein OFDM symbols including the first group of DMRS RE510 are transmitted in the linear region of the power amplifier. Additionally, the second group of DMRS RE514 can be transmitted in the non-linear region of the power amplifier 314. The first group of DMRS RE510 may have a first constellation, and the first group of PUSCHRE512 may have a second constellation. The first constellation may be a unity-modulus QPSK constellation. The first constellation and the second constellation may be the same constellation or different constellations.

[0081] Additionally, the first set of PUSCH REs 512 is transmitted using the linear region of power amplifier 314, and the second set of PUSCH REs 516 is transmitted in the non-linear region of power amplifier 314. The second set of DMRS REs 514 may appear identical to the second set of PUSCH REs 516; however, the receiving device 305 may know what is transmitted on the second set of DMRS REs (because DMRS is the reference signal), but may not know what is transmitted on the second set of PUSCH REs 516. The second set of DMRS REs 514 may have the same constellation as the second set of PUSCH REs 516 (e.g., a third constellation). Additionally or alternatively, the second and third constellations may be the same constellation or different constellations.

[0082] In some implementations, the first set of DMRS RE510 received on the first OFDM symbol 521 can be written as:

[0083] Y k,1 =g lin H k,1 S k,1 +N k,1 ,

[0084] Where k is the subcarrier index, l is the OFDM symbol index, and Y... k,l RE, H is received on the k-th subcarrier of the l-th OFDM symbol. k,l The frequency domain channel response S is caused by the propagation channel on the k-th subcarrier of the l-th OFDM symbol. k,l S k,l It is the modulation symbol transmitted on the k-th subcarrier of the l-th OFDM symbol, N k,l N k,l It is the noise (e.g., thermal noise or interference) on the k-th subcarrier of the l-th OFDM symbol, and g lin This is the input power scaling used in OFDM symbol transmission for power amplifier 314 to operate in the linear region. In some implementations, S k,1 Constellations with unit modulus, i.e., |S k,1 |=1.

[0085] The second group DMRS RE 514 and the second group PUSCH RE 516 on other OFDM symbols can be written as:

[0086] Y k,l =α·g nonlin H k,l S k,l +H k,l D k,l +N k,l ,

[0087] Where α is the first scaling factor (also referred to as the compression factor in this paper), D k,l It is the distortion on the k-th subcarrier of the l-th OFDM symbol, and g nonlin This refers to input power scaling used in OFDM symbol transmission for power amplifier 314 operating in the nonlinear region. It should be noted that g... nonlin and g lin It can be vendor-specific. The modulation symbols for the second group DMRS RE 514 use the same constellation (e.g., 16QAM) as the second group PUSCH RE 516.

[0088] The received PUSCH RE and the second set of DMRS RE 516 can be rewritten as (where l = 2, 3...n, and n is a positive integer greater than 1, for example, 14):

[0089] Y k,l =β(g lin H k,l )S k,l +H k,l D k,l +N k,l ,

[0090] Where β is a second scaling factor, such as a scaling factor of 308, and is determined as follows:

[0091]

[0092] Receiver 305 can use the first set of DMRS RE 510 to estimate g lin H k,l Therefore, if the receiving device 305 knows the second scaling factor (e.g., 308), it can obtain the channel β(g) of the PUSCH RE. lin H k,l This is used in the demodulation of PUSCH RE. Furthermore, once the second scaling factor is known, the second set of DMRS RE 514 can be used to estimate the noise variance caused by noise and power amplifier distortion.

[0093] The distortion in the second set of DMRS RE 514 may tend to be highly correlated within OFDM symbols. Therefore, channel β(g) should only be estimated directly from the second set of DMRS RE 514. lin H k,l This may not provide satisfactory results. The first set of DMRS RE510 can be used to estimate the scaled channel coefficients g. lin H k,lThe second set of DMRS RE 514 is used to estimate noise variance, noise covariance, or both.

[0094] Transmitting device 315 can use signals to notify the channel coefficient β(g) used on the PUSCH subcarrier. lin H k,l The second scaling factor is estimated as β. For example, the transmitting device 315 may inform the receiving device 315 of the second scaling factor β in control information, such as a message including control information (e.g., uplink control information (UCI) associated with PUSCH or downlink control information (DCI) associated with PDSCH). In some implementations, the scaling factor 308 may be a scaling factor β common to multiple or all modulation and coding schemes (MCS). Alternatively, the scaling factor 308 may include a scaling factor β that can be defined for each MCS, since different power amplifier operating points can be used for each MCS. For example, g for low MCS (e.g., QPSK). nonlin It may be greater than g with a high MCS (e.g., 16QAM). nonlin .

[0095] In some implementations, a reference signal configuration 306, a scaling factor 308, or both can be transmitted from a transmitting device 315 to a receiving device 305. For example, the scaling factor 308 (or a set of scaling factors for multiple MCSs) can be signaled to the receiving device 305, and the receiving device 305 can store information for the transmitting device 315. The receiving device 305 can store different reference signal configurations 306, scaling factors 308, or both from each of the multiple transmitting devices.

[0096] In some implementations, messages such as uplink grants can indicate the MCS value. Based on the selected MSC, transmitting device 315 and receiving device 305 can determine which scaling factor (e.g., β) to use. Additionally or alternatively, scaling factor 308 (e.g., β) can be known or determined by transmitting device 315 and can be updated randomly or periodically. For illustration, scaling factor 308 can be updated based on the time of day, multiple operating hours or periods (e.g., power amplifier 314), device or ambient temperature, another characteristic or parameter affecting the operation of power amplifier 314, or a combination thereof.

[0097] refer to Figure 3 During operation of the wireless communication system 300, the transmitting device 315 may send message 372 to the receiving device 305. Message 372 may include control information 373, such as downlink control information (DCI) or uplink control information (UCI). The control information 373 may include an indication of scaling factor 308.

[0098] Receiver 305 may send grant 370, such as uplink grant or downlink grant, to transmitter 315. Grant 370 may indicate to transmitter 315 the time slot for transmitting DMRS. Additionally or alternatively, grant 370 may indicate MCS, reference signal configuration 306, or a combination thereof.

[0099] Based on license 370, transmitting device 315 transmits during this time slot. For example, transmitting device 315 may transmit on the first OFDM symbol with input power scaled to g. lin The first group of DMRS 374. The first group of DMRS 374 may include or correspond to the first group of DMRS RE 510. The first device 315 may also transmit a first resource 376, such as a first PUSCH or PDSCH, during the first OFDM symbol. The first resource 376 may include or correspond to the first group of PUSCH RE 512. The transmitting device 315 may transmit input power scaled to g on the second symbol of the remaining OFDM symbols in this time slot (i.e., the OFDM symbol without the first group of DMRS 374). nonlin The second group of DMRS 378. The second group of DMRS 378 may include or correspond to the second group of DMRS RE514. The transmitting device 315 may also transmit a second resource 380, such as a second PUSCH or PDSCH, during one or more of the second OFDM symbols and the remaining OFDM symbols in the time slot. The second resource 380 may include or correspond to the first group of PUSCH RE512. The transmitting device 315 may transmit input power scaled to g nonlin The second resource is 380.

[0100] Receiving device 305 may receive a first set of DMRS 374, a first resource 376, a second set of DMRS 378, and a second resource 380 during this time slot. Receiving device 305 performs one or more operations to recover the received resources, such as the first resource 376 and the second resource 380. For example, to recover the received resources, the receiving device may perform one or more operations to demodulate and demap the received resources. For illustration, receiving device 305 may use the first set of DMRS 376 to estimate a first channel coefficient, a first noise variance, a first noise covariance matrix, or both of the OFDM symbols having the first set of DMRS 376. The first channel coefficient may include or correspond to channel coefficient information 362. The first noise variance and the first noise covariance matrix may include or correspond to noise information 360.

[0101] The receiving device 305 may scale the first channel coefficients based on or by a scaling factor 308 (e.g., β) to obtain an estimate of the second channel coefficients for OFDM symbols without the first set of DMRS 374. The second channel coefficients may include or correspond to channel coefficient information 362. The receiving device 305 may use the second set of DMRS 378, the second channel coefficients, the scaling factor 308 (e.g., β), or a combination thereof, to estimate the second noise variance, the second noise covariance matrix, or both for OFDM symbols without the first set of DMRS 374. The second noise variance and the second noise covariance matrix may include or correspond to noise information 360.

[0102] On OFDM symbols having the first set of DMRS 374, receiving device 305 can perform the recovery of the first resource 376 using estimates of the first channel coefficients, the first noise variance, the first noise covariance matrix, or combinations thereof. For example, on OFDM symbols having the first set of DMRS 374, receiving device 305 can perform demodulation and demapping of the first resource 376 using estimates of the first channel coefficients, the first noise variance, the first noise covariance matrix, or combinations thereof. On OFDM symbols without the first set of DMRS 374, receiving device 305 can perform the recovery of the second resource 380 using estimates of the second channel coefficients, the second noise variance, the second noise covariance matrix, or combinations thereof. For example, on OFDM symbols without the first set of DMRS 374, receiving device 305 can perform demodulation and demapping of the second resource 380 using estimates of the second channel coefficients, the second noise variance, the second noise covariance matrix, or combinations thereof.

[0103] In some implementations, after the first resource 376 is restored, the receiving device 305 (such as processor 352) may process the restored first resource 376. Additionally or alternatively, after the second resource 380 is restored, the receiving device 305 (such as processor 352) may process the restored second resource 380.

[0104] For reference Figures 3 to 5 As described, this disclosure provides techniques for a reference signal configuration 306. The reference signal configuration 306 can be configured such that the receiving device 305 can take into account compression factors associated with transmission nonlinearity. For example, the receiving device 305 can receive a scaling factor 308 as part of the reference signal configuration 306. Therefore, the receiving device 305 can receive waveforms that are distorted and appear noisy, and can perform one or more operations to correctly classify the received modulated waveform and demodulate and demap it. Additionally, the transmitting device 315 can efficiently utilize transmission power and conserve or extend battery power.

[0105] Figure 6This is a flowchart illustrating an example process 600 according to some aspects, which supports reference signal configuration to take into account a compression factor associated with transmission nonlinearity. The operation of process 600 can be performed by a UE, a base station, a transmitting device 315, or a second device 305, such as the reference signal described above. Figure 1 Or UE 115 as described in or reference 2 Figure 8 The UE 800 described, the base station such as Figure 1 Or 2 base stations 105 or Figure 9 Base station 900. For example, example operation of process 600 (also referred to as a “box”) can enable the receiving device to support a reference signal configuration to take into account the compression factor associated with transmission nonlinearity.

[0106] In block 602, the receiving device receives an indicator of a scaling factor from a transmitting device including a power amplifier. The transmitting device and the power amplifier may include or correspond to transmitting device 315 and power amplifier 314, respectively. The scaling factor may include or correspond to scaling factor 308. In some embodiments, the receiving indicator may include receiving control information including the indicator. The indicator may include or correspond to control information 373. The receiving device may determine the scaling factor based on the indicator.

[0107] The scaling factor used in various deployments may have different attributes. For example, the scaling factor may be based on input power scaling associated with linear region operation of the power amplifier, input power scaling associated with nonlinear region operation of the power amplifier, a compression factor, or a combination thereof. In some implementations, the scaling factor is based on a ratio. For example, this ratio may be based on input power scaling associated with linear region operation of the power amplifier, input power scaling associated with nonlinear region operation of the power amplifier, and a compression factor observed at the output of the power amplifier due to power amplifier distortion (as associated with the power amplifier). In some implementations, the scaling factor is based on input power scaling associated with linear region operation of the power amplifier, input power scaling associated with nonlinear region operation of the power amplifier, or a combination thereof. As the communication scenario changes due to varying operational factors (e.g., air channel variations, device performance adjustments, wireless transmission, etc.), the scaling factor and associated indicators may be adjusted over time. The scaling factor data may be stored in memory for operation and may be updated during communication operations.

[0108] In block 604, the receiving device receives a shared channel RE from the transmitting device during a time slot. The shared channel RE may include or correspond to a first resource 376, a second resource 378, a first PUSCH RE 512, a second PUSCH RE 516, or a combination thereof. The time slot may include or correspond to time slot 520. The receiving device may receive the shared channel RE via receiver 358, antenna 234a-t, or antenna 252a-r.

[0109] In block 606, the receiving device recovers the received shared channel RE based on a scaling factor. In some embodiments, to recover the received shared channel RE, the receiving device may decode, demodulate, demap, or a combination thereof on the received shared channel RE. For example, the receiving device may use antenna 234a-t, modulator and demodulator 232a-t, MIMO detector 236, antenna 252a-r, modulator and demodulator 254a-r, MIMO detector 256, receiver processor 258 and receiver processor 238, processor 352, or a combination thereof to demodulate and demap the received shared channel RE.

[0110] In some implementations, the receiving device includes a base station, the transmitting device includes a UE, and the shared channel RE includes one or more PUSCH REs, or a combination thereof. Alternatively, the receiving device includes a UE, the transmitting device includes a base station, and the shared channel RE includes one or more PDSCH REs, or a combination thereof.

[0111] In some implementations, the receiving device determines a time slot. Additionally or alternatively, the receiving device may send an indicator to the transmitting device to indicate that time slot. For example, the receiving device may send a message including the indicator, such as an authorization message 370.

[0112] In some implementations, the receiving device receives a first set of DMRS REs associated with linear region operation during the first symbol of a time slot or the first symbol of a shared channel. The first set of DMRS REs may include or correspond to a first DMRS 374 or a first DMRS RE 510. As an illustrative, non-limiting example, the first symbol may include or correspond to symbol 521. Additionally or alternatively, the receiving device receives a second set of DMRS REs associated with nonlinear region operation from the transmitting device during the second symbol of a time slot or the second symbol of a shared channel. The second set of DMRS REs may include or correspond to a second DMRS 378 or a second DMRS RE 514. As an illustrative, non-limiting example, the second symbol may include or correspond to symbol 522.

[0113] In some implementations, the shared channel RE includes a first set of shared channel REs received during the first symbol of a time slot or the first symbol of a shared channel. The first set of shared channel REs includes or corresponds to a first resource 376 or a first PUSCH RE 512. The first set of DMRS REs and the first set of shared channel REs can be transmitted by the transmitting device based on input power scaling associated with linear region operation of the power amplifier. Additionally or alternatively, the shared channel RE includes a second set of shared channel REs received during the second symbol of a time slot or the second symbol of a shared channel. The second set of shared channel REs includes or corresponds to a second resource 380 or a second PUSCH RE 516. The second set of DMRS REs and the second set of shared channel REs can be transmitted by the transmitting device based on input power scaling associated with nonlinear region operation of the power amplifier.

[0114] In some implementations, the receiving device identifies a first set of DMRS REs. Based on the first set of DMRS REs, the receiving device can estimate a first set of channel coefficients for the first set of shared channel REs. The first set of channel coefficients may include or correspond to channel coefficient information 362. Additionally or alternatively, based on the first set of DMRS REs, the receiving device can estimate a first noise variance, a first noise covariance matrix, or a combination thereof for the first set of shared channel REs. The first noise variance and noise covariance matrix may include or correspond to noise information 360. The receiving device can also estimate a second set of channel coefficients for a second set of shared channel REs. The second set of channel coefficients may include or correspond to channel coefficient information 362. Additionally or alternatively, the receiving device can scale the first set of channel coefficients based on a scaling factor to obtain the second set of channel coefficients. Based on the second set of channel coefficients, the second set of DMRS REs, the scaling factor, or a combination thereof, the receiving device can estimate a second noise variance, a second noise covariance matrix, or a combination thereof for the second set of shared channel REs. The second noise variance and second covariance matrix may include or correspond to noise information 360.

[0115] In some implementations, to recover the received shared channel RE, the receiving device demodulates and demaps the first set of shared channel REs based on a first set of channel coefficients, a first noise variance, a first noise covariance matrix, or a combination thereof. Additionally or alternatively, to demodulate and demap the received shared channel RE, the receiving device demodulates and demaps the second set of shared channel REs based on a second set of channel coefficients, a second noise variance, a second noise covariance matrix, or a combination thereof. The receiving device may use antennas 234a-t, modulators and demodulators 232a-t, MIMO detector 236, antennas 252a-r, modulators and demodulators 254a-r, MIMO detector 256, receiver processors 258 and 238, processor 352, or combinations thereof to demodulate and demap the first set of shared channel REs, the second set of shared channel REs, or both.

[0116] In some implementations, the receiving device determines one or more scaling factors associated with the transmitting device. The one or more scaling factors may include a scaling factor. The one or more scaling factors may also include a scaling factor common to multiple MCSs. The multiple MCSs may include or correspond to reference signal configuration 306. Alternatively, the one or more scaling factors may include multiple scaling factors, and each of the multiple scaling factors corresponds to a different MCS. Each of the different MCSs may include or correspond to reference signal configuration 306.

[0117] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating an example process 700 according to some aspects, which supports reference signal configuration to take into account a compression factor associated with transmission nonlinearity. The operation of process 700 can be performed by a UE, a base station, a transmitting device 315, or a second device 305, such as the reference signal described above. Figure 1 Or UE 115 as described in or reference 2 Figure 8 The UE 800 described, the base station such as Figure 1 Or 2 base stations 105 or Figure 9 Base station 900. For example, the example operation of process 700 (also referred to as a “box”) can enable the transmitting device to support a reference signal configuration to take into account the compression factor associated with the transmission nonlinearity.

[0118] In block 702, the transmitting device sends an indicator of a scaling factor to the receiving device. The scaling factor may include or correspond to scaling factor 308. The receiving device may include or correspond to receiving device 305. In some embodiments, sending the indicator includes sending control information including the indicator. The indicator may include or correspond to control information 373.

[0119] The scaling factor indication and / or scaling factor can be based on multiple considerations or factors. For example, in some cases, the scaling factor can be based on input power scaling associated with linear region operation of the power amplifier, input power scaling associated with nonlinear region operation of the power amplifier, a compression factor, or a combination thereof. The power amplifier may include or correspond to power amplifier 314. In some embodiments, the scaling factor is based on a ratio. For example, the ratio may be based on input power scaling associated with linear region operation of the power amplifier, input power scaling associated with nonlinear region operation of the power amplifier, and a compression factor observed at the output of the power amplifier due to power amplifier distortion.

[0120] In block 704, the transmitting device configures the shared channel RE based on a scaling factor. The shared channel RE may include or correspond to a first resource 376, a second resource 378, a first PUSCH RE 512, a second PUSCH RE 516, or a combination thereof. To configure the shared channel RE, the transmitting device may encode, modulate, map, or a combination thereof on the shared channel RE based on the scaling factor. In some embodiments, the transmitting device may use modulators and demodulators 254a-r, a transmitting processor 264, modulators and demodulators 232a-t, a transmitting processor 220, or a combination thereof to modulate or map the shared channel RE.

[0121] In block 706, the transmitting device transmits the configured shared channel RE to the receiving device. For example, the transmitting device may use transmitter 316, transmitter 356, antenna 234a-t, TX MIMO processor 266, antenna 252a-r, TX MIMO processor 230, processor 302, transmitter 316, or combinations thereof to transmit the modulated and mapped shared channel RE.

[0122] In some implementations, the receiving device includes a base station, the transmitting device includes a UE, and the shared channel RE includes one or more PUSCH REs, or a combination thereof. Alternatively, the receiving device includes a UE, the transmitting device includes a base station, and the shared channel RE includes one or more PDSCH REs, or a combination thereof.

[0123] In some implementations, the transmitting device receives an indication of a time slot from the receiving device. For example, this indication may be received in a message such as authorization message 370. This time slot may include or correspond to time slot 520. The configured shared channel RE may be transmitted to the receiving device during this time slot. For example, in some implementations, the modulated and mapped shared channel RE is transmitted to the receiving device during this time slot.

[0124] In some implementations, the transmitting device configures the power amplifier based on input power scaling associated with linear region operation, and transmits a first set of DMRS REs based on linear region operation during the first symbol of the time slot or the first symbol of the shared channel. The first set of DMRS REs may include or correspond to a first DMRS 374 or a first DMRS RE 510. As an illustrative, non-limiting example, the first symbol may include or correspond to symbol 521. Additionally or alternatively, the transmitting device configures the power amplifier based on input power scaling associated with nonlinear region operation, and transmits a second set of DMRS REs from the transmitting device based on nonlinear region operation during the second symbol of the time slot or the second symbol of the shared channel. The second set of DMRS REs may include or correspond to a second DMRS 378 or a second DMRS RE 514. As an illustrative, non-limiting example, the second symbol may include or correspond to symbol 522.

[0125] In some implementations, to transmit shared channel REs, the transmitting device transmits a first set of shared channel REs based on linear region operation during the first symbol of a time slot or the first symbol of a shared channel. The first set of shared channel REs includes or corresponds to the first resource 376 or the first PUSCH RE 512. Additionally or alternatively, the transmitting device transmits a second set of shared channel REs based on non-linear region operation during the second symbol of a time slot or the second symbol of a shared channel. The second set of shared channel REs includes or corresponds to the second resource 380 or the second PUSCH RE 516. As an illustrative, non-limiting example, the second symbol may include or correspond to symbol 522.

[0126] In some implementations, the transmitting device determines one or more scaling factors, which include the scaling factor. The one or more scaling factors may include a scaling factor common to multiple MCSs. The multiple MCSs may include or correspond to reference signal configuration 306. Alternatively, the one or more scaling factors may include multiple scaling factors, and each of the multiple scaling factors corresponds to a different MCS. Each of the different MCSs may include or correspond to reference signal configuration 306.

[0127] For reference Figure 6 and 7As described, this disclosure provides techniques for using a reference signal configuration. The reference signal configuration can be configured such that the receiving device can take into account compression factors associated with transmission nonlinearity. For example, the receiving device can receive a scaling factor as part of the reference signal configuration. Therefore, the receiving device can receive waveforms that are distorted and appear noisy, and can perform one or more operations to correctly classify the received modulated waveform and demodulate and demap it. Additionally, the transmitting device can efficiently utilize transmission power and conserve or extend battery power.

[0128] Figure 8 Based on a block diagram of an example UE 800, this UE 800 supports reference signal configuration to account for compression factors associated with transmit nonlinearity. The UE 800 can be configured to perform operations including reference... Figure 6 and Figure 7 The described process is outlined in the block diagram for configuration using a reference signal. In some implementations, UE 800 includes a reference... Figure 2 The structures, hardware, and components of UE 115, transmitting device 315, or receiving device 305 are shown and described. For example, UE 800 includes a controller 280 that operates to execute logical or computer instructions stored in memory 282, and components that control UE 800 to provide the features and functions of UE 800. Under the control of controller 280, UE 800 transmits and receives signals via radio components 801a-r and antennas 252a-r. Figure 2 As shown, the wireless radio components 801a-r include various components and hardware for UE 115, including modulators and demodulators 254a-r, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, and TXMIMO processor 266. Additionally, UE 800 includes a power amplifier 820. The power amplifier may include or correspond to power amplifier 314.

[0129] As shown in the figure, the memory 282 may include a reference signal configuration 802, a scaling factor 803, noise information 804, and channel coefficient information 805. The reference signal configuration 802, scaling factor 803, noise information 804, and channel coefficient information 805 may respectively include or correspond to reference signal configuration 306, scaling factor 308, noise information 360, and channel coefficient information. The UE 800 can receive signals from or transmit signals to one or more devices, such as... Figure 1 or Figure 2 Base station 105, transmitting device 315, receiving device 305 or such Figure 9 The base station shown.

[0130] Figure 9 This is a block diagram of an example base station 900, which supports reference signal configuration to account for compression factors associated with transmission nonlinearity. The base station 900 can be configured to perform operations including reference... Figure 6 and Figure 7 The described process is outlined in the block diagram for configuring the system using a reference signal. In some implementations, base station 900 includes a reference... Figure 2 The base station 105, transmitting device 315, or receiving device 305 are shown and described in terms of their structures, hardware, and components. For example, base station 900 may include a controller 240 that operates to execute logical or computer instructions stored in memory 242, and components that control the base station 900 to provide the features and functions of the base station 900. Under the control of controller 240, base station 900 transmits and receives signals via radio components 901a-t and antennas 234a-t. Radio components 901a-t include various components and hardware, such as… Figure 2 As shown for base station 105, it includes modulators and demodulators 232a-t, a transmit processor 220, a TX MIMO processor 230, a MIMO detector 236, and a receive processor 238. Additionally, base station 900 includes a power amplifier 920. The power amplifier may include or correspond to power amplifier 314.

[0131] As shown in the figure, the memory 242 may include a reference signal configuration 902, a scaling factor 903, noise information 904, and channel coefficient information 905. The reference signal configuration 902, scaling factor 903, noise information 904, and channel coefficient information 905 may respectively include or correspond to reference signal configuration 306, scaling factor 308, noise information 360, and channel coefficient information. The base station 900 can obtain information from one or more devices (such as...) Figure 1 or Figure 2 UE 115, transmitting device 315, receiving device 305 or UE 800) receive signals or transmit signals to one or more devices.

[0132] It should be noted that the reference Figure 6 or Figure 7 One or more boxes (or operations) described may be combined with one or more boxes (or operations) described in another description with reference to the accompanying drawings. For example, Figure 6 One or more boxes (or operations) can be combined with Figure 7 Combined with one or more boxes (or actions). As another example, with Figure 6 or Figure 7 One or more associated boxes can be associated with Figures 1 to 5 One or more boxes (or operations) are combined. Additionally or alternatively, the above references... Figures 1 to 5One or more operations described can be compared with the reference Figure 8 or Figure 9 The combination of one or more operations described.

[0133] In some aspects, techniques for supporting reference signal configuration to account for compression factors due to transmission nonlinearity may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below, or in conjunction with one or more other processes or devices described elsewhere herein. In a first aspect, techniques for supporting reference signal configuration may include an indicator for receiving a scaling factor from a transmitting device including a power amplifier. The scaling factor is based on input power scaling associated with linear region operation of the power amplifier, input power scaling associated with nonlinear region operation of the power amplifier, a compression factor, or a combination thereof. These techniques also include receiving a shared channel RE from the transmitting device during a time slot and recovering the received shared channel RE based on the scaling factor. In some examples, the techniques of the first aspect may be implemented in a method or process. In some other examples, the techniques of the first aspect may be implemented in a wireless communication device such as a receiving device, which may include a UE or a component of a UE, or a base station or a component of a base station. In some examples, the wireless communication device may include at least one processing unit or system (which may include an application processor, modem, or other component) and at least one memory device coupled to the processing unit. The processing unit may be configured to perform the operations described herein with respect to the wireless communication device. In some examples, the memory device includes a non-transitory computer-readable medium in which program code is stored, which, when executed by a processing unit, is configured to cause a wireless communication device to perform the operations described herein. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication device may include one or more components configured to perform the operations described herein.

[0134] In a second aspect, in conjunction with the first aspect, these techniques also include demodulating and demapping the received shared channel RE in order to recover the received shared channel RE.

[0135] In the third aspect, in conjunction with the first or second aspect, the indicator is received at a receiving device including one of the UEs or base stations, the transmitting device including another of the UEs or base stations, and the shared channel RE including one or more PDSCHREs, or a combination thereof.

[0136] In the fourth aspect, in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, the scaling factor is based on a ratio that is based on input power scaling associated with the linear region operation of the power amplifier, input power scaling associated with the nonlinear region operation of the power amplifier, and a compression factor observed at the output of the power amplifier due to power amplifier distortion.

[0137] In the fifth aspect, in conjunction with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, an indicator is received, and control information including the indicator is received.

[0138] In a sixth aspect, in conjunction with the fifth aspect, in order to receive the indicator, these techniques also include determining a scaling factor based on the indicator.

[0139] In the seventh aspect, in conjunction with one or more of the first through sixth aspects, these techniques also include determining time slots.

[0140] In the eighth aspect, in conjunction with the seventh aspect, these technologies also include initiating the transmission of an indicator to the transmitting device to indicate the time slot.

[0141] In the ninth aspect, in conjunction with one or more of the first to eighth aspects, these techniques also include receiving a first set of DMRS REs associated with linear area operation during the first symbol of the shared channel.

[0142] In the tenth aspect, in conjunction with the ninth aspect, these techniques also include receiving a second set of DMRS REs associated with nonlinear region operation from the transmitting device during the second symbol of the shared channel.

[0143] In the eleventh aspect, in conjunction with the tenth aspect, the shared channel RE includes a first set of shared channel REs received during the first symbol of the shared channel and a second set of shared channel REs received during the second symbol of the shared channel.

[0144] In the twelfth aspect, in conjunction with the eleventh aspect, the first set of DMRS REs and the first set of shared channel REs are transmitted by the transmitting device based on input power scaling associated with the linear region operation of the power amplifier.

[0145] In the thirteenth aspect, in conjunction with the twelfth aspect, the second set of DMRS REs and the second set of shared channel REs are transmitted by the transmitting device based on input power scaling associated with the nonlinear region operation of the power amplifier.

[0146] In aspect fourteen, in conjunction with one or more of aspects eleven through thirteen, these techniques also include identifying the first set of DMRS REs.

[0147] In the fifteenth aspect, in conjunction with the fourteenth aspect, these techniques also include estimating a first set of channel coefficients for the first set of shared channel REs based on the first set of DMRS REs.

[0148] In the sixteenth aspect, in conjunction with the fifteenth aspect, these techniques also include estimating a first noise variance, a first noise covariance matrix, or a combination thereof, based on the first set of DMRS REs.

[0149] In the seventeenth aspect, in conjunction with one or more of aspects eleven through sixteen, these techniques also include estimating a second set of channel coefficients for the second set of shared channel REs.

[0150] In the eighteenth aspect, in conjunction with the seventeenth aspect, these techniques also include scaling the first set of channel coefficients based on a scaling factor in order to estimate the second set of channel coefficients. For example, these techniques may include scaling the first set of channel coefficients based on a scaling factor to obtain the second set of channel coefficients.

[0151] In the nineteenth aspect, in conjunction with the eighteenth aspect, these techniques also include estimating a second noise variance, a second noise covariance matrix, or a combination thereof based on a second set of channel coefficients, a second set of DMRS REs, a scaling factor, or a combination thereof, for the second set of shared channel REs.

[0152] In the twentieth aspect, in conjunction with the nineteenth aspect, in order to recover the received shared channel RE, these techniques also include demodulating and demapping the first set of shared channel RE based on a first set of channel coefficients, a first noise variance, a first noise covariance matrix, or a combination thereof.

[0153] In the twenty-first aspect, in conjunction with the twentieth aspect, in order to recover the received shared channel RE, these techniques also include demodulating and demapping the second set of shared channel RE based on a second set of channel coefficients, a second noise variance, a second noise covariance matrix, or a combination thereof.

[0154] In the twentieth aspect, in conjunction with one or more of the first to twenty-first aspects, these techniques also include determining one or more scaling factors associated with the transmitting device.

[0155] In aspect 23, in conjunction with aspect 22, one or more scaling factors include the scaling factor.

[0156] In aspect 24, in conjunction with one or more aspects from aspects 22 to 23, one or more scaling factors include a scaling factor common to multiple MCSs.

[0157] In aspect 25, in conjunction with one or more aspects of aspects 22 to 23, one or more scaling factors include multiple scaling factors, and each of the multiple scaling factors corresponds to a different MCS.

[0158] In some aspects, techniques for supporting reference signal configuration to account for compression factors due to transmission nonlinearity may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below, or in conjunction with one or more other processes or devices described elsewhere herein. In a twenty-sixth aspect, techniques for supporting reference signal configuration may include the transmission of an indicator for initiating a scaling factor to a receiving device. The scaling factor is based on input power scaling associated with linear region operation of a power amplifier, input power scaling associated with nonlinear region operation of a power amplifier, a compression factor, or a combination thereof. The techniques of the twenty-sixth aspect also include configuring a shared channel RE based on input power scaling associated with linear region operation of a power amplifier, input power scaling associated with nonlinear region operation of a power amplifier, or a combination thereof, and initiating the transmission of the configured shared channel RE to the receiving device during a time slot. In some examples, the techniques of the twenty-sixth aspect may be implemented in a method or process. In some other examples, the techniques of the twenty-sixth aspect may be implemented in a wireless communication device, such as a transmitting device, which may include a UE or a component of a UE, or a base station or a component of a base station. In some examples, the wireless communication device may include at least one processing unit or system (which may include an application processor, modem, or other component) and at least one memory device coupled to the processing unit. The processing unit may be configured to perform the operations described herein with respect to a wireless communication device. In some examples, the memory device includes a non-transitory computer-readable medium in which program code is stored, which, when executed by the processing unit, is configured to cause the wireless communication device to perform the operations described herein. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication device may include one or more components configured to perform the operations described herein.

[0159] In the twentieth aspect, in conjunction with the twentieth aspect, these techniques also include modulating and mapping the shared channel resource RE based on input power scaling in order to configure the shared channel RE.

[0160] In aspect 28, in conjunction with aspect 26, the receiving device includes one of the UE or the base station, the indicator is transmitted by the transmitting device including the other of the UE or the base station, and the shared channel RE includes one or more PDSCH REs, or a combination thereof.

[0161] In aspect 29, combined with one or more aspects from aspects 26 to 28, the scaling factor is based on a ratio.

[0162] In the thirtieth aspect, in conjunction with the twenty-ninth aspect, the ratio is based on the input power scaling associated with the linear region operation of the power amplifier, the input power scaling associated with the nonlinear region operation of the power amplifier, and the compression factor observed at the output of the power amplifier due to power amplifier distortion.

[0163] In the thirty-first aspect, in conjunction with one or more of aspects twenty-six to thirtieth, in order to send the indicator, these techniques also include initiating the transmission of control information including the indicator.

[0164] In aspect thirty-two, in conjunction with one or more of aspects twenty-six through thirty-one, these technologies also include an indication of receiving a timeslot from a receiving device.

[0165] In aspect thirty-three, in conjunction with aspect thirty-two, during this time slot, the configured shared channel RE is transmitted to the receiving device.

[0166] In the thirty-fourth aspect, in conjunction with one or more of the twenty-sixth to thirty-third aspects, these techniques also include configuring the power amplifier based on input power scaling associated with linear region operation.

[0167] In aspect thirty-five, in conjunction with aspect thirty-four, these techniques also include initiating the transmission of the first set of DMRS REs based on linear area operation during the first symbol of the shared channel.

[0168] In aspect thirty-six, in conjunction with aspect thirty-five, these techniques also include configuring the power amplifier based on input power scaling associated with nonlinear region operation.

[0169] In aspect thirty-seven, in conjunction with aspect thirty-five, these techniques also include, during the second symbol of the shared channel, initiating the transmission of a second set of DMRS REs based on nonlinear region operation from the transmitting device.

[0170] In aspect thirty-eight, in conjunction with aspect thirty-seven, in order to transmit shared channel REs, these techniques also include initiating the transmission of a first set of shared channel REs based on linear region operations during the first symbol of the shared channel.

[0171] In aspect thirty-nine, in conjunction with aspect thirty-eight, in order to transmit shared channel REs, these techniques also include, during the second symbol of the shared channel, initiating the transmission of a second set of shared channel REs based on nonlinear region operation.

[0172] In the fortieth aspect, in conjunction with one or more of aspects 26 to 39, these techniques also include determining one or more scaling factors, the one or more scaling factors including the scaling factor.

[0173] In aspect 41, in conjunction with aspect 40, one or more scaling factors include a scaling factor shared by multiple MCSs.

[0174] In aspect 42, in conjunction with aspect 40, one or more scaling factors include multiple scaling factors, and each of the multiple scaling factors corresponds to a different MCS.

[0175] Those skilled in the art will understand that information and signals can be represented using any of a variety of different techniques and processes. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips referenced throughout the above description can be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, light fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0176] This article references Figures 1 to 9 The components, functional blocks, and modules described include processors, electronic devices, hardware devices, electronic components, logic circuits, memory, software code, firmware code, and any combination thereof. Furthermore, the features discussed herein can be implemented via dedicated processor circuitry, via executable instructions, or a combination thereof.

[0177] Those skilled in the art will also understand that the various illustrative logic blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps described in connection with the disclosure herein can be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability between hardware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been generally described above in accordance with their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints on the overall system. Those skilled in the art may implement the described functionality in different ways for each specific application, but such implementation decisions should not be construed as causing a departure from the scope of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art will also readily understand that the order or combination of components, methods, or interactions described herein is merely illustrative, and components, methods, or interactions of various aspects of this disclosure may be combined or performed in ways other than those shown and described herein.

[0178] The various illustrative logics, logic blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithmic processes described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. The interchangeability of hardware and software has been generally described in terms of functionality, and is illustrated in the various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and processes described above. Whether such functionality is implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints on the overall system.

[0179] Hardware and data processing means for implementing the various illustrative logics, logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with the aspects disclosed herein may be implemented or performed by a general-purpose single-chip or multi-chip processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. In some embodiments, the processor may be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a DSP core, or any other such configuration. In some embodiments, specific processes and methods may be performed by circuitry specific to a given function.

[0180] In one or more aspects, the described functionality can be implemented by hardware, digital electronic circuits, computer software, firmware (including the structures disclosed herein and their equivalents) or any combination thereof. Embodiments of the subject matter described herein can also be implemented as one or more computer programs, i.e., one or more modules of computer program instructions encoded in a computer storage medium, for execution by a data processing apparatus or for controlling the operation of a data processing apparatus.

[0181] If implemented in software, these functions can be stored or transmitted as one or more instructions or code in a computer-readable medium. The processes of the methods or algorithms disclosed herein can be implemented in a processor-executable software module, which can reside in a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include computer storage media and communication media, with communication media including any medium capable of transferring a computer program from one place to another. Storage media can be any available medium accessible to a computer. By way of example and not limitation, such computer-readable media can include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disc storage, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and is accessible to a computer. Furthermore, any connection can be properly referred to as a computer-readable medium. Disks and platters, as used herein, include optical discs (CDs), laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray discs, wherein disks typically magnetically reproduce data, while platters optically reproduce data using lasers. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media. Additionally, the operation of a method or algorithm may be one or any combination or set of code and instructions in a machine-readable and computer-readable medium, which may be incorporated into a computer program product.

[0182] Various modifications to the embodiments described in this disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure. Therefore, the claims are not intended to limit them to the embodiments shown herein, but are accorded the widest scope consistent with the disclosure, principles, and novel features disclosed herein.

[0183] Additionally, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the terms “upper” and “lower” are sometimes used for the convenience of describing the drawings and indicate the relative position of the orientation of the drawings on the page corresponding to the correct orientation, and may not reflect the correct orientation of any implemented device.

[0184] Certain features described in this specification in the context of individual embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented individually in multiple embodiments or in any suitable sub-combination. Furthermore, although features may be described above as functioning in certain combinations, and even initially claimed in this way, in some cases, one or more features from the claimed combination may be removed from that combination, and the claimed combination may be for sub-combinations or variations thereof.

[0185] Similarly, although operations are depicted in a specific order in the accompanying drawings, this should not be construed as requiring such operations to be performed in the specific order or sequence shown, or requiring all shown operations to be performed to obtain the desired result. Furthermore, the drawings may schematically illustrate one or more example processes in the form of flowcharts. However, other operations not shown may be incorporated into the schematically shown example processes. For example, one or more additional operations may be performed before, after, simultaneously with, or between any of the shown operations. In some cases, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Moreover, the separation of various system components in the embodiments described above should not be construed as requiring such separation in all embodiments, and it should be understood that the described program components and systems can generally be integrated into a single software product or packaged into multiple software products. Additionally, some other embodiments are also within the scope of the following claims. In some cases, the actions listed in the claims may be performed in a different order and the desired result may still be obtained.

[0186] As used herein, including in the claims, the term "or," when used in a list of two or more items, means that any one of the listed items may be used alone, or any combination of two or more listed items may be used. For example, if a composition is described as containing components A, B, or C, the composition may contain only A; only B; only C; a combination of A and B; a combination of A and C; a combination of B and C; or a combination of A, B, and C. Furthermore, as used herein, including in the claims, "or" in a list of items beginning with "at least one" indicates a separate list, such that a list such as "at least one of A, B, or C" means any one of A, B, C, AB, AC, BC, ABC (i.e., A and B and C) or any combination thereof. The term "substantially" is defined as largely but not necessarily entirely what is specified (and includes what is specified; for example, approximately 90 degrees includes 90 degrees, approximately parallel includes parallel), as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. In any disclosed implementation, the term “substantially” can be replaced by the specified “within a specified range of [percentage]”, wherein the percentage includes 0.1%, 1%, 5%, or 10%.

[0187] The above description provided in this disclosure is intended to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use this disclosure. Various modifications to this disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not intended to be limited to the examples and designs described herein, but is accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for wireless communication performed by a receiving device, the method comprising: A scaling factor is received from a transmitting device including a power amplifier, the scaling factor being generated based on: a first input power scaling associated with linear region operation of the power amplifier, a second input power scaling associated with nonlinear region operation of the power amplifier, and a compression factor; During the time slot, a shared channel resource element (RE) is received from the transmitting device; as well as The received shared channel RE is recovered according to the scaling factor, wherein recovering the received shared channel RE includes: Based at least in part on the scaling factor, channel coefficient and noise variance information associated with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols communicating through a shared channel between the transmitting and receiving devices is obtained.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Recovery of the received shared channel RE includes demodulation and demapping of the received shared channel RE.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The receiving device includes a user equipment (UE); The transmitting device includes a base station; The shared channel RE includes one or more physical downlink shared channels (PDSCH REs); or Its combination.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The scaling factor includes a ratio based on: a first input power scaling associated with the linear region operation of the power amplifier and applied to one OFDM symbol of the OFDM symbols; a second input power scaling associated with the nonlinear region operation of the power amplifier and applied to another OFDM symbol of the OFDM symbols; and a compression factor observed at the output of the power amplifier due to power amplifier distortion. The OFDM symbol and the other OFDM symbol are different symbols in the OFDM symbol set.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Receiving the scaling factor includes: Receive control information including the scaling factor; and The scaling factor is stored in the memory of the receiving device.

6. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: During the first OFDM symbol of the OFDM symbol, a first set of demodulation reference signals DMRS RE associated with the linear region operation is received; as well as During the second OFDM symbol of the OFDM symbol, a second set of DMRS REs associated with the nonlinear region operation is received from the transmitting device.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein, The shared channel RE includes a first set of shared channel REs received during the first OFDM symbol and a second set of shared channel REs received during the second OFDM symbol.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein: The first set of DMRS REs and the first set of shared channel REs are transmitted by the transmitting device, which has a first input power scaling associated with the linear region operation of the power amplifier and applies it to the first set of DMRS REs and the first set of shared channel REs; and The second set of DMRS REs and the second set of shared channel REs are transmitted by the transmitting device, which has a second input power scaling associated with the nonlinear region operation of the power amplifier and applies it to the second set of DMRS REs and the second set of shared channel REs.

9. The method according to claim 7, further comprising: Identify the first group of DMRS REs; as well as Based on the first set of DMRS RE, The first set of channel coefficients for the first set of shared channels RE are estimated, at least in part, based on the scaling factor. as well as The first noise variance, the first noise covariance matrix, or a combination thereof, of the first set of shared channel REs are estimated, at least in part, based on the scaling factor.

10. The method of any one of claims 9, further comprising estimating a second set of channel coefficients for the second set of shared channels REs, at least in part based on the scaling factor.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein, Estimating the second set of channel coefficients includes scaling the first set of channel coefficients according to the scaling factor, and further includes estimating the second noise variance, the second noise covariance matrix, or a combination thereof of the second set of shared channel coefficients, the second set of DMRS REs, the scaling factor, or a combination thereof.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein, Restoring the received shared channel (RE) includes: Based on the first set of channel coefficients, the first noise variance, the first noise covariance matrix, or a combination thereof, the first set of shared channel REs are demodulated and demapped; Demodulate and demap the second set of shared channel REs based on the second set of channel coefficients, the second noise variance, the second noise covariance matrix, or a combination thereof; or Its combination.

13. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: Receive one or more scaling factors associated with the transmitting device, the one or more scaling factors including the scaling factor; as well as Wherein, the one or more scaling factors include a scaling factor common to multiple modulation and coding schemes (MCS), or Each of the one or more scaling factors corresponds to a different modulation and coding scheme (MCS).

14. A method for wireless communication performed by a transmitting device, the method comprising: A scaling factor is sent to the receiving device, the scaling factor being generated based on the following: a first input power scaling associated with linear region operation of the power amplifier, a second input power scaling associated with nonlinear region operation of the power amplifier, and a compression factor; The shared channel resource element (RE) is configured based on a first input power scaling associated with linear region operation of the power amplifier and a second input power scaling associated with nonlinear region operation of the power amplifier, wherein configuring the shared channel RE includes: The first input power scaling associated with the linear region operation of the power amplifier is applied to an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol associated with a first group of REs of the shared channel RE; and the second input power scaling associated with the nonlinear region operation of the power amplifier is applied to another OFDM symbol associated with a second group of REs of the shared channel RE, wherein the OFDM symbol and the other OFDM symbol are different OFDM symbols; and During the time slot, the configured shared channel RE is transmitted to the receiving device.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein, Configuring the shared channel RE includes modulating and mapping the shared channel RE according to a first input power scaling associated with linear region operation of the power amplifier and a second input power scaling associated with nonlinear region operation of the power amplifier.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein: The receiving device includes a user equipment (UE); The transmitting device includes a base station; The shared channel RE includes one or more physical downlink shared channels (PDSCH REs); or Its combination.

17. The method of claim 14, wherein, The scaling factor includes ratios based on: the first input power scaling associated with the linear region operation of the power amplifier, the second input power scaling associated with the nonlinear region operation of the power amplifier, and the compression factor observed at the output of the power amplifier due to power amplifier distortion.

18. The method according to claim 14, wherein, Sending the scaling factor includes sending control information containing the scaling factor.

19. The method of claim 14, further comprising: The power amplifier is configured according to the first input power scaling associated with the linear region operation; During the OFDM symbol period, a first set of demodulation reference signals DMRS RE is transmitted according to the linear region operation; The power amplifier is configured according to the second input power scaling associated with the nonlinear region operation; as well as During another OFDM symbol, a second set of DMRSREs is transmitted from the transmitting device according to the nonlinear region operation.

20. The method according to claim 19, wherein, Sending the RE includes: During the OFDM symbol, a first set of REs is transmitted according to the linear region operation; and During the other OFDM symbol, a second set of REs is transmitted according to the nonlinear region operation.

21. The method of claim 14, further comprising: Send one or more scaling factors, the one or more scaling factors including the scaling factor; as well as Wherein, the one or more scaling factors include a scaling factor common to multiple modulation and coding schemes (MCS), or Each of the one or more scaling factors corresponds to a different MCS.

22. A receiving device, comprising: At least one processor; as well as A memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing processor-readable code, which, when executed by the at least one processor, is configured to: A scaling factor is received from a transmitting device including a power amplifier, the scaling factor being generated based on: a first input power scaling associated with linear region operation of the power amplifier, a second input power scaling associated with nonlinear region operation of the power amplifier, and a compression factor; During the time slot, a shared channel resource element (RE) is received from the transmitting device; as well as The received shared channel RE is recovered according to the scaling factor, wherein recovering the received shared channel RE includes: Based at least in part on the scaling factor, channel coefficient and noise variance information associated with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols communicating through a shared channel between the transmitting and receiving devices is obtained.

23. The receiving device according to claim 22, wherein: The receiving device includes a base station or a user equipment (UE), and the transmitting device includes another of the base station or the UE.

24. The receiving device according to claim 22, wherein, The scaling factor includes a ratio based on: a first input power scaling associated with the linear region operation of the power amplifier and applied to one OFDM symbol of the OFDM symbols; a second input power scaling associated with the nonlinear region operation of the power amplifier and applied to another OFDM symbol of the OFDM symbols; and a compression factor observed at the output of the power amplifier due to power amplifier distortion. The OFDM symbol and the other OFDM symbol are different symbols in the OFDM symbol set.

25. The receiving device according to claim 22, wherein, In order to receive the scaling factor, the processor-readable code, when executed by the at least one processor, is configured as follows: Receive control information including the scaling factor; and The scaling factor is stored in the memory of the receiving device.

26. The receiving device according to claim 22, wherein, When executed by the at least one processor, the processor-readable code is configured as follows: During the first OFDM symbol of the OFDM symbol, a first set of demodulation reference signals DMRSRE associated with the linear region operation is received; as well as During the second OFDM symbol of the OFDM symbol, a second set of DMRS REs associated with the nonlinear region operation is received from the transmitting device. The shared channel RE includes a first set of shared channel REs received during the first OFDM symbol and a second set of shared channel REs received during the second OFDM symbol.

27. A transmitting device, comprising: At least one processor; as well as A memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing processor-readable code, which, when executed by the at least one processor, is configured to: A scaling factor is sent to the receiving device, the scaling factor being generated based on the following: a first input power scaling associated with linear region operation of the power amplifier, a second input power scaling associated with nonlinear region operation of the power amplifier, and a compression factor; The shared channel resource element (RE) is configured based on a first input power scaling associated with linear region operation of the power amplifier and a second input power scaling associated with nonlinear region operation of the power amplifier, wherein configuring the shared channel RE includes: The first input power scaling associated with the linear region operation of the power amplifier is applied to an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol associated with a first group of REs of the shared channel RE; and the second input power scaling associated with the nonlinear region operation of the power amplifier is applied to another OFDM symbol associated with a second group of REs of the shared channel RE, wherein the OFDM symbol and the other OFDM symbol are different OFDM symbols; and Initiate the transmission of the configured shared channel RE to the receiving device.

28. The transmitting device according to claim 27, wherein: The receiving device includes a base station or a user equipment (UE), and the transmitting device includes another of the base station or the UE; and The shared channel RE includes one or more physical uplink shared channels (PUSCH REs).

29. The transmitting device according to claim 27, wherein: The scaling factor includes a ratio based on: a first input power scaling associated with the linear region operation of the power amplifier, a second input power scaling associated with the nonlinear region operation of the power amplifier, and a compression factor observed at the output of the power amplifier due to power amplifier distortion. as well as In order to initiate the transmission of the scaling factor, when executed by the at least one processor, the processor-readable code is configured to initiate the transmission of control information including the scaling factor.

30. The transmitting device according to claim 27, wherein, When executed by the at least one processor, the processor-readable code is configured as follows: The power amplifier is configured according to the first input power scaling associated with the linear region operation; During OFDM symbol operation, the first set of demodulation reference signals DMRS RE is transmitted according to the linear region operation. The power amplifier is configured according to the second input power scaling associated with the nonlinear region operation; as well as During another OFDM symbol, a second set of DMRSREs is initiated from the transmitting device according to the nonlinear region operation.

31. A wireless communication apparatus performed in a receiving device, the apparatus comprising components for performing the method of any one of claims 1-13.

32. A wireless communication apparatus performed in a transmitting device, the apparatus comprising components for performing the method of any one of claims 14-21.

33. A computer program product comprising computer-readable instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1-21.

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