Multi-cathode coordinated feeding dual-flow channel component electrolytic machining device and method

Abstract

The present invention relates to an electrolytic processing device and method for a dual-channel component with multi-cathode coordinated feeding, and belongs to the field of electrolytic processing. The electrolytic processing device includes a multi-cathode coordinated feeding drive mechanism, a cathode module and a fixture module; wherein the cathode module includes a profile cathode, an inner and outer channel cathode, and the fixture module includes a blade basin clamp body, a blade back clamp body, and a workpiece clamp body. The present invention adopts a multi-cathode coordinated feeding drive mechanism to drive the cathode module, so that the profile cathode moves along the set feeding direction, and the inner and outer channel cathodes slide and feed along the side of the profile cathode. This movement mode can realize the joint processing of the inner and outer channels and blade profiles of the dual-channel component, thereby improving the forming accuracy and efficiency. The multi-cathode coordinated feeding drive mechanism is composed of a longitudinal guide rod, a transverse slider, a longitudinal slider, an angle adjustment double rod, etc. By adjusting the initial position of each slider and the mechanism angle, the single-side channel cathode is independently controlled to realize the independent processing of the inner and outer channels, ensure the channel forming accuracy, and have strong processing adaptability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a device and method for electrolytic machining of a multi-cathode coordinated feeding double-flow channel component, belonging to the field of electrolytic machining. Background Art

[0002] Electrolytic machining is a special machining technology that removes materials based on the principle of anodic dissolution of metal in electrolyte. During the machining process, the formed cathode is fed toward the workpiece anode until the machining shape and size of the workpiece anode meet the requirements. Electrolytic machining has the characteristics of high production efficiency, no tool cathode loss, good machining surface quality, and a wide range of applications. It has been widely used in aerospace, weapons and other industries, especially in the manufacturing process of aircraft engine blade parts, where electrolytic machining further highlights its superiority.

[0003] Dual-channel components, such as shrouded blades, rectifiers, stator blade rings, etc., are core and key components in the aerospace field. Most of them are made of difficult-to-process materials such as high-temperature alloys and titanium alloys, and have poor mechanical cutting performance. Such parts are composed of blades, inner rings and outer rings. Their structures have the characteristics of complex and twisted blade profiles, closed and twisted flow channels, and narrow inter-blade channels. They have poor processing accessibility and are difficult to machine.

[0004] In the patent "Device and method for precision electrolytic machining of blades / integral blade discs with omnidirectional feeding pulse dynamics" (application number 202110598369.7, inventors Liu Jia, Zhu Di, Wang Hao, etc.), it is proposed to drive four tool cathodes to feed simultaneously, so that the tool cathodes shrink along the enclosed machining contour surface to gradually complete the machining. This machining mode can improve the stability of the electric field and flow field at the leading and trailing edges of the blades / integral blade discs. In the patent "Blade full-contour electrolytic system and method with staggered cathode feeding and annular liquid supply" (application number 201610395785.6, inventors Zhu Dong, Zhang Ronghui, Xu Zhengyang, etc.), a flow field mode for full-contour liquid supply of blades is proposed to ensure uniform supply of electrolyte in the gaps between the blade inlet and outlet edges, blade basin, and blade back when the electrolyte flows through the machining area, thereby ensuring the stability of blade machining. It can be seen that in the current blade electrolytic machining methods, there have been a small number of studies on driving multi-cathode feeding and full-contour liquid supply of blades, but their objects are not the machining of dual-channel components. In the patent "A precision electrolytic processing device and processing method for closed cascade structure blades" (application number 202110581226.5, inventors Huang Mingtao, Zhang Mingqi and Liu Meng), it is proposed to drive the cathode plate, the inner root fillet cathode, and the outer root fillet cathode to realize the processing of the closed cascade structure blades, but the inner and outer root fillet cathodes move synchronously and cannot be controlled independently, which is inconvenient to process different components. Therefore, a device and electrolyte flow field that can realize the simultaneous processing of different dual-channel component surfaces and inner and outer channels is needed. Summary of the invention

[0005] In the process of processing dual-channel components, traditional electrolytic processing methods cannot realize the one-time processing and forming of blade profiles and internal and external channels, so step-by-step processing is required. This will bring a series of problems such as repair of the cutting area, insulation protection of the formed area, and complex process flow. In view of this problem, the present invention proposes a multi-cathode collaborative feeding dual-channel component electrolytic processing device and method to meet the actual needs of simultaneous processing of blade profiles and internal and external channels of different dual-channel components, and improve processing efficiency.

[0006] A multi-cathode cooperative feeding drive mechanism is used to drive cathodes, wherein the cathodes are composed of a main cathode, a left side cathode, and a right side cathode; it is characterized in that it includes a transverse driving shaft, a longitudinal guide rod, an angle-adjusting double rod, a transverse slider, a longitudinal slider, an angle-adjusting double plate, a primary connecting rod, a secondary connecting rod, and a support rod; wherein the transverse slider includes a left transverse slider and a right transverse slider, and the secondary connecting rod includes a left secondary connecting rod and a right secondary connecting rod; the upper end of the longitudinal guide rod is connected to the transverse driving shaft; the angle-adjusting double plate is connected to the longitudinal slider, and they are jointly installed on the longitudinal guide rod through a longitudinal linear bearing; the longitudinal slider is connected to the support rod through a primary connecting rod, wherein the first end of the primary connecting rod is hinged to the longitudinal slider , the second end is hinged to the support rod, and the support rod is connected to the machine tool; the angle adjustment double plate is composed of a left angle adjustment plate, a right angle adjustment plate and a positioning structure; the above-mentioned angle adjustment double rod is installed at the upper end of the longitudinal guide rod, and is composed of a left guide rod, a right guide rod and a positioning structure; the left guide rod and the right guide rod are respectively installed with a left transverse slider and a right transverse slider using transverse linear bearings; the above-mentioned left angle adjustment plate is hingedly connected to the left transverse slider through a left secondary connecting rod; the right angle adjustment plate is hingedly connected to the right transverse slider through a right secondary connecting rod; the rear end of the above-mentioned transverse push shaft is connected to the machine tool to provide driving force, and the front end of the transverse push shaft is used to install the main cathode; the left transverse slider is used to install the left side cathode; the right transverse slider is used to install the right side cathode.

[0007] The driving method of the above-mentioned multi-cathode cooperative feeding drive mechanism is characterized in that: when the transverse driving shaft moves along the feeding direction, the longitudinal guide rod moves synchronously along the above-mentioned feeding direction; at this time, the primary connecting rod will rotate around the support rod to push the longitudinal slider to move upward along the longitudinal guide rod; the longitudinal slider then pushes the left and right secondary connecting rods to make the left and right transverse sliders move toward the front end of the angle adjustment double rods; through the multi-cathode cooperative feeding drive mechanism, the transverse driving shaft makes the main cathode move along the feeding direction to process the profile, and the left and right transverse sliders make the left and right side cathodes slide along the side edges of the cathode of the profile to feed the processing flow channel area, thereby achieving the purpose of simultaneous processing of the profile and the inner and outer flow channels.

[0008] The dual-channel component electrolytic processing device using the above-mentioned multi-cathode cooperative feeding drive mechanism is characterized in that: the device is composed of a blade basin side processing device, a blade back side processing device, and a clamp module, wherein the blade basin side processing device and the blade back side processing device are both composed of a multi-cathode cooperative feeding drive mechanism and a cathode module; wherein the cathode module is composed of a blade basin / blade back profile cathode, a blade basin / blade back inner flow channel cathode, and a blade basin / blade back outer flow channel cathode; the blade basin / blade back profile cathode is the main cathode, which is installed at the front end of the lateral driving shaft; the blade basin / blade back inner flow channel cathode is the left The side cathode is installed on the left horizontal slider; the blade basin / blade back outer flow channel cathode is the right side cathode, which is installed on the right horizontal slider; the fixture module is composed of a workpiece clamp body, a blade back clamp body, and a blade basin clamp body; the workpiece clamp body is connected to the machine tool, and the dual-flow channel component to be processed is installed on the workpiece clamp body through a positioning block, and is connected to the positive pole of the power supply through a copper busbar; the blade back clamp body and the blade back profile cathode are an integrated structure, and an electrolyte inlet is provided on the upper surface; the blade basin clamp body and the blade basin profile cathode are an integrated structure, and an electrolyte inlet is provided on the upper surface.

[0009] The electrolysis method of the above-mentioned multi-cathode driving method is characterized in that: the electrolyte flow adopts an omnidirectional liquid supply method. During the electrolytic processing, the electrolyte is introduced from the electrolyte inlet, passes through the gap between the blade basin clamp body and the blade back clamp body, and flows through the gaps enclosed by the cathode of the blade basin / blade back surface and the blade basin / blade back surface, the cathode of the inner flow channel of the blade basin / blade back and the inner flow channel surface of the blade basin / blade back, and the cathode of the outer flow channel of the blade basin / blade back and the outer flow channel surface of the blade basin / blade back, so that the electrolyte around the blade is sufficient and the flow field is closed, realizing omnidirectional liquid supply, and the flow direction is from the blade intake side to the blade exhaust side or from the blade exhaust side to the blade intake side.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0011] A multi-cathode (profile cathode, inner and outer channel cathode) collaborative feeding method is proposed, and the corresponding driving mechanism is designed to realize the collaborative feeding of multiple cathodes and complete the simultaneous processing of multiple parts of the blade profile and inner and outer channel of the dual-channel component to improve the processing efficiency.

[0012] According to the blade shape and size of the workpiece, the initial position of the slider, the angle of the mechanism and other parameters are adjusted. The cathode of the single-side flow channel can be independently controlled so that the inner and outer flow channels can be fed along different trajectories for processing, thereby improving the processing accuracy. Different parameters are used for feeding processing on both sides of the blade basin and the back of the blade to ensure accuracy. It has strong adaptability and processing flexibility and is suitable for processing different types of double-flow channel components.

[0013] The electrolyte flow mode with all-round liquid supply ensures sufficient electrolyte and closed flow field in the blade surface, inner and outer flow channel processing areas of dual-channel components, thus improving processing stability.

[0014] The tool surface cathode and the fixture are designed as an integrated structure, which can reduce the workpiece clamping time and shorten the manufacturing cycle; through the driving mechanism, the inner and outer flow channel cathodes can move in coordination with the surface cathode, which is conducive to automation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 Overall assembly diagram;

[0016] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of blade basin side assembly;

[0017] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of fixture module assembly;

[0018] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of liquid supply cross section;

[0019] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of cathode feeding;

[0020] Names of the numbers in the figure: 1. Horizontal slider (including linear bearing), 2. Cathode of the outer flow channel of the blade basin, 3. Double flow channel component, 4. Cathode of the blade basin profile, 5. Cathode of the inner flow channel of the blade basin, 6. Blade basin clamping concrete, 7. Horizontal driving shaft, 8. Double rods for angle adjustment, 9. Primary connecting rod, 10. Support rod, 11. Double plates for angle adjustment, 12. Longitudinal guide rod, 13. Longitudinal slider, 14. Longitudinal linear bearing, 15. Secondary connecting rod, 16. Cathode of the outer flow channel of the blade back, 17. Cathode of the blade back profile, 18. Cathode of the inner flow channel of the blade back, 19. Positioning block, 20. Blade back clamping concrete, 21. Liquid inlet of the blade back, 22. Liquid inlet of the blade basin, 23. Copper busbar, 24. Workpiece clamping concrete, 25. Inner flow channel surface, 26. Outer flow channel surface. Specific implementation methods

[0021] The specific implementation process of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0022] The process of machining a workpiece using the "multi-cathode coordinated feeding dual-flow channel component electrolytic machining device and method" of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: Install the workpiece, cathode, its fixture and driving components, connect the cathode to the negative pole of the power supply, and connect the workpiece to the positive pole of the power supply.

[0024] Step 2: Align the blade basin, blade back, inner and outer flow channel cathodes to determine the initial processing gap.

[0025] Step 3: Start the electrolyte circulation system and supply electrolyte. The electrolyte at a certain pressure, temperature and concentration is passed from the liquid inlet to the gap between the clamp bodies, and flows through the gap between the workpiece and the cathode, and finally flows from the blade inlet / exhaust side to the blade row / inlet side.

[0026] Step 4: Turn on the electrolytic machining power supply and start the CNC machine tool running program. Driven by the CNC motion axis, the blade back, the two sides of the blade basin and the inner and outer flow channel cathodes are fed in coordination and gradually approach the workpiece, realizing the simultaneous processing of the double-flow channel blade surface and the inner and outer flow channel surface.

[0027] Step 5: After the processing is completed, disconnect the power supply, retreat the cathode to a safe distance, close the electrolyte circulation system, and return the processing axes of the machine tool to their initial positions.

Claims

1. A multi-cathode coordinated feeding drive mechanism for driving cathodes, wherein the cathodes are composed of a main cathode, a left side cathode, and a right side cathode; Features: It comprises a transverse driving shaft (7), a longitudinal guide rod (12), an angle adjustment double rod (8), a transverse slider (1), a longitudinal slider (13), an angle adjustment double plate (11), a primary connecting rod (9), a secondary connecting rod (15) and a support rod (10); wherein the transverse slider (1) comprises a left transverse slider and a right transverse slider, and the secondary connecting rod comprises a left secondary connecting rod and a right secondary connecting rod; The upper end of the longitudinal guide rod (12) is connected to the transverse driving shaft (7); The angle adjustment double plate (11) is connected to the longitudinal slider (13) and is installed on the longitudinal guide rod (12) through a longitudinal linear bearing (14); the longitudinal slider (13) is connected to the support rod (10) through a primary connecting rod (9), wherein the first end of the primary connecting rod (9) is hinged to the longitudinal slider (13) and the second end is hinged to the support rod (10), and the support rod (10) is connected to the machine tool; the angle adjustment double plate (11) is composed of a left angle adjustment plate, a right angle adjustment plate and a positioning structure; The above-mentioned angle adjustment double rod (8) is installed at the upper end of the longitudinal guide rod (12), and is composed of a left guide rod, a right guide rod and a positioning structure; a left transverse slider and a right transverse slider are respectively installed on the left guide rod and the right guide rod by using transverse linear bearings; The left angle adjustment plate is hingedly connected to the left transverse slider via a left secondary connecting rod; the right angle adjustment plate is hingedly connected to the right transverse slider via a right secondary connecting rod; The rear end of the lateral driving shaft (7) is connected to the machine tool to provide driving force, and the front end of the lateral driving shaft (7) is used to install the main cathode; the left lateral slider is used to install the left side cathode; and the right lateral slider is used to install the right side cathode.

2. The driving method of the multi-cathode coordinated feeding driving mechanism according to claim 1, Features: When the transverse driving shaft (7) moves in the feeding direction, the longitudinal guide rod (12) moves synchronously in the feeding direction; at this time, the primary connecting rod (9) rotates around the support rod (10), pushing the longitudinal slider (13) to move upward along the longitudinal guide rod (12); the longitudinal slider (13) then pushes the left and right secondary connecting rods, causing the left and right transverse sliders to move toward the front end of the angle adjustment double rod (8); Through the multi-cathode coordinated feeding drive mechanism, the lateral driving shaft (7) causes the main cathode to move along the feeding direction to process the mold surface, and the left and right lateral sliding blocks cause the left and right side cathodes to slide along the sides of the mold surface cathode to feed and process the flow channel area, thereby achieving the purpose of simultaneously processing the mold surface, the inner and outer flow channels, and the three surfaces.

3. A dual-channel component electrolytic machining device using the multi-cathode coordinated feed drive mechanism of claim 1, Features: The device is composed of a blade basin side processing device, a blade back side processing device, and a fixture module, wherein the blade basin side processing device and the blade back side processing device are both composed of a multi-cathode coordinated feeding drive mechanism and a cathode module; The cathode module is composed of a blade basin / blade back profile cathode, a blade basin / blade back inner flow channel cathode, and a blade basin / blade back outer flow channel cathode; the blade basin / blade back profile cathode is the main cathode, which is installed at the front end of the lateral driving shaft (7); the blade basin / blade back inner flow channel cathode is the left side cathode, which is installed on the left lateral slider; the blade basin / blade back outer flow channel cathode is the right side cathode, which is installed on the right lateral slider; The fixture module is composed of a workpiece clamp body (24), a blade back clamp body (20), and a blade basin clamp body (6); the workpiece clamp body (24) is connected to the machine tool, and the dual-channel component (3) to be processed is installed on the workpiece clamp body (24) through a positioning block (19), and is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply through a copper busbar (23); the blade back clamp body and the blade back profile cathode are an integrated structure, and an electrolyte inlet is provided on the upper surface; the blade basin clamp body and the blade basin profile cathode are an integrated structure, and an electrolyte inlet is provided on the upper surface.

4. The electrolytic method of the dual-flow channel component electrolytic machining device according to claim 3, Features: The electrolyte flow adopts an omnidirectional liquid supply method. During the electrolytic machining process, the electrolyte is fed in from the electrolyte inlet, passes through the gap between the blade basin clamp body (6) and the blade back clamp body (20), and flows through the gaps between the blade basin / blade back profile cathode and the blade basin / blade back profile, the blade basin / blade back inner flow channel cathode and the blade basin / blade back inner flow channel surface, and the blade basin / blade back outer flow channel cathode and the blade basin / blade back outer flow channel surface, so that the electrolyte around the blade is sufficient and the flow field is closed, realizing omnidirectional liquid supply, and the flow direction is from the blade intake side to the blade exhaust side or from the blade exhaust side to the blade intake side.

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