Fishway inlet high-speed water flow barrier generation device

Abstract

This invention discloses a high-speed water flow barrier generating device at the fishway inlet, comprising a water pump and a high-speed water flow nozzle connected thereto. The high-speed water flow nozzle is located upstream of the fishway inlet, with its outflow direction perpendicular to or at an acute angle to the river direction. It is a flat, trumpet-shaped nozzle with a circular inlet and a vertically elongated rectangular outlet. The high-speed water flow nozzle is mounted on a high-speed water flow nozzle support, which is fixed to the riverbed. The water pump is suspended in the river. This invention can create a high-speed water flow barrier upstream of the fishway inlet, preventing fish from missing the inlet and continuing upstream. Simultaneously, the water flow lifted by the deflector plate introduces a large amount of air into the water, forming bubbles. This creates a "deflector-driven oxygenation + creation of a higher downstream flow velocity zone" that attracts downstream fish, facilitating their rapid discovery and accurate entry into the fishway inlet.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of environmental protection technology for water conservancy and waterway engineering, specifically a device for generating a high-speed water flow retaining wall at the fishway entrance. Background Technology

[0002] Fishway inlets are typically 2-5 meters in size. While they create specific water flow conditions to attract fish, their size is relatively small compared to river channels that are hundreds or even thousands of meters wide. They are often referred to as the "eye of a needle" in fishway engineering, making it difficult for fish to accurately locate them. Therefore, optimizing the structural design near the inlet to attract fish to quickly find and accurately enter it is a critical issue that the relevant industry urgently needs to address.

[0003] Traditional solutions include selecting suitable fish inlet locations, deploying guidance facilities, and designing inlet water replenishment devices. Among these, selecting suitable inlet locations involves placing them at the uppermost boundary of the fish's upstream migration and avoiding unfavorable flow fields. Deploying guidance facilities and designing inlet water replenishment devices can increase the attractiveness of the inlet to migrating fish. These methods all improve the probability of fish finding and entering the inlet, but their drawback is that they only focus on the inlet's inherent attractiveness. When the dam releases floodwater or the generating units discharge water for power generation, the resulting water flow environment is similar to that of the fishway inlet, easily confusing fish. Unable to distinguish between various discharge channels and fishway inlets, fish may miss the inlet and gather downstream of the dam, lingering there. Therefore, traditional solutions are ineffective during floodwater release and power generation. Further research is needed on auxiliary devices that can prevent fish from missing the inlet and continuing upstream, enabling a wider range of fish to quickly find and accurately enter the inlet. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-speed water flow barrier generating device for fish passage entrances, which creates a high-speed water flow barrier upstream of the fish inlet to prevent fish from missing the fish inlet and continuing to move upstream, enabling a wider range of fish to quickly find and accurately enter the fish inlet.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art is: a high-speed water flow barrier generating device for fishway inlet, including a water pump and a high-speed water flow nozzle connected thereto; the high-speed water flow nozzle is set upstream of the fishway inlet, with the outflow direction perpendicular to or at an acute angle to the river direction, adopting a flat trumpet shape, with a circular inlet and a vertically slender rectangle outlet, the high-speed water flow nozzle is installed on a high-speed water flow nozzle support, the high-speed water flow nozzle support is fixed on the riverbed, and the water pump is suspended.

[0006] The device also includes a flow-lifting system, which is equipped with a flow-lifting plate and a flow-lifting flat plate, located near the upper edge of the high-speed water jet nozzle.

[0007] The flow-deflecting plate adopts a lever structure, with the flow-deflecting plate at the front and two power arms at the rear, respectively positioned on both sides of the high-speed water jet nozzle. Each of the two power arms is hinged to the high-speed water jet nozzle via a pin, and each of the two power arms is connected to a slider via a connecting rod. A vertical screw II is connected to the slider, and the vertical screw II is mounted on the flow-deflecting system bracket. The upper end of the vertical screw II is connected to a screw-type gate hoist II, which is mounted on the top of the flow-deflecting system bracket. Two vertical guide grooves II are provided on the flow-deflecting system bracket. The slider is positioned between the two vertical guide grooves II, and its sides slide in cooperation with the vertical guide grooves II.

[0008] The high-speed water jet nozzle support is equipped with a portal frame and a lifting frame. The portal frame has a concrete base, two columns, and a crossbeam. A vertical guide groove I is provided on the inner side of the columns. The lifting frame is located between the two vertical guide grooves I and slides with the vertical guide grooves I on both sides. A vertical screw I is provided at the top of the lifting frame and is vertically fixed thereto. The vertical screw I is connected to a screw-type gate hoist I. The screw-type gate hoist I is installed on the crossbeam. The high-speed water jet nozzle and the flow-lifting system support are both installed on the lifting frame.

[0009] The water pump is fixed below the float.

[0010] The high-speed water jet nozzle is connected to the water pump in sequence via a bend pipe and a hose.

[0011] A mesh cover is installed at the inlet of the water pump.

[0012] The float has a cuboid structure with traction holes at all four corners.

[0013] The advantages and positive effects of this invention are:

[0014] 1) By constructing a high-speed water flow wall upstream of the fishway inlet, which fish dislike, fish are prevented from moving further upstream. Especially when the dam discharges floodwater or the generating units discharge water for power generation, the phenomenon of fish missing the inlet and gathering and lingering downstream of the dam because they cannot distinguish between various discharge channels and the fishway inlet can be effectively reduced.

[0015] 2) By setting up floats to suspend the water pumps, preventing them from sinking to the riverbed, a large amount of low-temperature river water from deep water areas can be carried to the vicinity of the fishway entrance through the high-speed water flow nozzles, thus driving away the fish. In addition, the water pumps utilize the upper layer of river water downstream of the hub and near the fishway entrance to construct a high-speed water flow barrier, avoiding the consumption of water resources upstream of the hub and not increasing the water consumption of the fishway.

[0016] 3) By setting up a movable flow-lifting system, the flow-lifting plate elevates and extends a portion of the high-speed water flow, bringing a large amount of air into the water to form bubbles. Furthermore, the constructed high-speed water flow wall, while hindering fish from moving upstream, also creates a high-speed flow that is carried downstream by the river water, slowing the current and forming a large area of ​​high velocity. This combination of "flow-lifting oxygenation + creating a high-velocity downstream area" attracts downstream fish, helping them quickly find and accurately enter the inlet. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a high-speed water flow barrier generating device for a fishway inlet according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the structure and installation of a water pump, its support frame, and the float assembly.

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the structure and installation of a high-speed water jet nozzle and its support and frame;

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the structure and installation of a movable flow-carrying system and its support frame;

[0021] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the combined structure of a high-speed water jet nozzle and a movable jetting system;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application of the present invention.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Water pump, 11. Net cover, 2. Float, 21. Pulling hole, 3. High-speed water flow nozzle, 31. Turning pipe, 4. Diversion system, 41. Diversion plate, 42. Pin, 43. Connecting rod, 44. Slider, 45. Vertical screw II, 46. Screw-type gate hoist II, 5. Hose, 6. Portal frame, 61. Crossbeam plate, 62. Concrete base, 7. Lifting frame, 71. Vertical screw I, 72. Screw-type gate hoist I, 8. Diversion system support, 81. Vertical guide channel II, 9. Water pump support, 91. Right half of water pump support, 92. Left half of water pump support, 101. Water conservancy and water transport hub dam, 102. River channel, 103. Flood discharge outlet, 104. Generator discharge outlet, 105. Fishway, 106. Fishway inlet. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To further understand the invention's content, features, and effects, the following embodiments are provided, and detailed descriptions are given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0025] Please see Figures 1-6A high-speed water flow barrier generating device for a fishway inlet includes a water pump 1 and a high-speed water flow nozzle 3 connected thereto. The high-speed water flow nozzle 3 is located upstream of the fish inlet of the fishway 105, with its outflow direction perpendicular to or at an acute angle to the river direction. It adopts a flat trumpet shape, with a circular inlet and a vertically elongated rectangular outlet. The water flow pumped by the water pump 1 is transformed into a vertically elongated high-speed water flow barrier through the high-speed water flow nozzle 3. The high-speed water flow nozzle 3 is mounted on a high-speed water flow nozzle support 7, which is fixed to the riverbed. The water pump 1 is suspended.

[0026] This invention constructs a high-speed water flow wall upstream of the fish inlet 106 of the fishway 105 beside the river channel 102, preventing fish from moving further upstream. Especially when the flood discharge outlet 103 of the water conservancy and water transport hub dam 101 discharges floodwater or the generator outlet 104 discharges water for power generation, it effectively reduces the phenomenon of fish missing the fish inlet due to their inability to distinguish between different discharge channels and the fishway, thus avoiding them from continuing upstream. This prevents fish from missing the fish inlet and allows a wider range of fish to quickly and accurately find and enter the fish inlet. Furthermore, while the constructed high-speed water flow wall blocks fish from moving upstream, the high-speed water flow it creates is driven downstream by the river water, slowing the flow and forming a large area of ​​high velocity, which is conducive to attracting fish to quickly find and accurately enter the fish inlet.

[0027] By suspending water pump 1 so that it does not sink to the riverbed, a large amount of low-temperature river water in the deep water area can be prevented from being carried to the vicinity of the fishway entrance through the high-speed water flow nozzle, thus driving away the fish. In addition, water pump 1 uses the upper layer of river water downstream of the hub and near the fishway entrance to construct a high-speed water flow barrier, avoiding the consumption of water resources upstream of the hub and not increasing the water consumption of fishway 10.

[0028] In this embodiment, the device further includes a flow-lifting system 4, which is mounted near the upper edge of the high-speed water jet nozzle via a pin. The flow-lifting system 4 is provided with a flow-lifting plate 41, which is a flow-lifting flat plate disposed near the upper edge of the high-speed water jet nozzle 3.

[0029] By setting up a flow-lifting plate, some of the high-speed water flow is lifted higher and farther. The lifted water flow brings a large amount of air into the water to form bubbles, increasing the dissolved oxygen in the high-velocity area. The combination of "flow-lifting oxygenation + creating a high-velocity area downstream" attracts fish downstream, which helps them to quickly find and accurately enter the fish inlet.

[0030] The diversion plate 41 is a lever structure capable of rotating around a pivot 42. The front part is the diversion plate, and the rear part consists of two power arms, positioned on either side of the high-speed water jet nozzle 3. Each power arm is hinged to the high-speed water jet nozzle 3 via a pivot 42, and each power arm is connected to a slider 44 via a connecting rod 43. A vertical screw II 45 is connected to the slider 44 and mounted on the diversion system bracket 8. The upper end of the vertical screw II 45 is connected to a screw-type gate opener II 46, which is mounted on the top of the diversion system bracket 8. Two vertical guide grooves II 81 are provided on the diversion system bracket 8. The slider 44 is positioned between the two vertical guide grooves II 81, and its sides slide in cooperation with the vertical guide grooves II 81. The vertical guide grooves II 81 are inverted "U"-shaped grooves.

[0031] The screw gate hoist II 46 can drive the vertical screw II 45 to move up and down. The vertical screw II 45 drives the deflector plate to move up and down through the connecting rod, thereby adjusting the deflector plate's deflection angle.

[0032] The high-speed water jet nozzle support is provided with a portal frame 6 and a lifting frame 7. The portal frame 6 is provided with a concrete base 62, two columns and a crossbeam plate 61. A vertical guide groove I is provided on the inner side of the columns. The lifting frame 7 is located between the two vertical guide grooves I and slides with the vertical guide grooves I on both sides. A vertical screw rod I 71 is provided at the top of the lifting frame 7 and is vertically fixed to it. The vertical screw rod I 71 is connected to a screw-type gate hoist I 72. The screw-type gate hoist I 72 is installed on the crossbeam plate 61. The high-speed water jet nozzle 3 and the flow-lifting system support 8 are both installed on the lifting frame 7.

[0033] The above structure allows for the adjustment of the height of the high-speed water jet nozzle 3 and the flow-lifting system support 8 by rotating the screw-type gate hoist I72. This enables the readjustment of the positions of the high-speed water jet nozzle 3 and the flow-lifting system support 8 when the water level fluctuates significantly, ensuring that the high-speed water jet nozzle 3 is flush with the water surface. This design is convenient to use and highly adaptable.

[0034] The water pump 1 is fixed below the float 2. More specifically, the water pump 1 is fixed below the float 2 by a water pump bracket 9, which consists of a right half-wing 91 and a left half-wing 92, forming a bow shape with a circle at the center. During installation, the water pump 1 is fitted into the ring, and the upper part of the water pump bracket 9 is fixedly connected to the float 2, making it convenient to use. In addition, a mesh cover 11 is installed at the water pump inlet to prevent foreign objects from being sucked in and damaging the pump blades. The float 2 is roughly rectangular in shape, with pull holes 21 at each of its four corners, making it easy to fix it to a specific area on the water surface with ropes. The high-speed water jet nozzle 3 is connected to the water pump 1 in sequence through a turning pipe 31 and a flexible hose 5. The water pumped by the water pump 1 flows through the flexible hose 5 to the high-speed water jet nozzle 3, facilitating the introduction of water flow from the side into the high-speed water jet nozzle.

[0035] During operation, water flows through the turning pipe 31 into the high-speed water jet nozzle 3, forming a longitudinally elongated high-speed water flow wall. Near the upper edge of the high-speed water jet nozzle, part of the water flow is lifted by the deflector plate 41, and the lifted water flow carries a large amount of air into the water to form bubbles. The deflection angle of the deflector plate 41 can be adjusted by rotating the screw-type gate opener II 46, and the horizontal height of the high-speed water jet nozzle 3 and the deflection system 4 can be adjusted by rotating the screw-type gate opener I 72. The above device can construct a high-speed water flow wall upstream of the fish passage inlet, which fish dislike, to prevent fish from moving further upstream. At the same time, the "deflection and oxygenation + creation of a higher flow velocity zone downstream" creates water flow attraction for downstream fish, which is conducive to attracting fish to quickly find and accurately enter the fish passage.

[0036] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other modifications under the guidance of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these modifications are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for generating a high-speed water flow barrier at the fishway inlet, characterized in that, It includes a water pump and a high-speed water flow nozzle connected to it; the high-speed water flow nozzle is set upstream of the fish passage inlet, with the outflow direction perpendicular to or at an acute angle to the river direction, and adopts a flat trumpet shape, with a circular inlet and a vertically slender rectangle outlet. The high-speed water flow nozzle is installed on a high-speed water flow nozzle support, which is fixed to the riverbed, and the water pump is suspended. The device also includes a flow-lifting system, which is equipped with a flow-lifting plate and a flow-lifting flat plate, positioned near the upper edge of the high-speed water jet nozzle; The flow-deflecting plate adopts a lever structure, with the flow-deflecting plate at the front and two power arms at the rear, respectively positioned on both sides of the high-speed water jet nozzle. Each of the two power arms is hinged to the high-speed water jet nozzle via a pin, and each of the two power arms is connected to a slider via a connecting rod. A vertical screw II is connected to the slider, and the vertical screw II is mounted on the flow-deflecting system bracket, with its upper end connected to a screw-type gate hoist II. The screw-type gate hoist II is mounted on the top of the flow-deflecting system bracket, and two vertical guide grooves II are provided on the flow-deflecting system bracket. The slider is positioned between the two vertical guide grooves II, and its sides slide in cooperation with the vertical guide grooves II.

2. The fishway inlet high-speed water flow baffle generating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-speed water jet nozzle support is equipped with a portal frame and a lifting frame. The portal frame has a concrete base, two columns, and a crossbeam. Vertical guide grooves I are provided on the inner side of the columns. The lifting frame is positioned between the two vertical guide grooves I, and its sides slide in conjunction with the vertical guide grooves I. A vertical screw I is fixedly connected to the top of the lifting frame, and the vertical screw I is connected to a screw-type gate hoist I, which is mounted on the crossbeam plate. Both the high-speed water jet nozzle and the jet system bracket are mounted on the lifting frame.

3. The fishway inlet high-speed water flow baffle generating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water pump is fixed below the float.

4. The high-speed water flow baffle generating device at the fishway inlet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-speed water jet nozzle is connected to the water pump in sequence via a bend pipe and a hose.

5. The high-speed water flow baffle generating device at the fishway inlet according to claim 1, characterized in that, A mesh cover is installed at the inlet of the water pump.

6. The high-speed water flow baffle generating device at the fishway inlet according to claim 3, characterized in that, The float has a cuboid structure with traction holes at all four corners.

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