Basement drainage vibration isolation building structure and construction method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of civil and traffic engineering, and particularly discloses a basement drainage and shock insulation building structure and a construction method. The building structure comprises a basement outer wall, a basement bottom plate, and a plurality of supporting piles and pile foundations vertically arranged. The plurality of supporting piles are located outside the basement outer wall, and the plurality of pile foundations are located at the lower part of the basement bottom plate. A drainage and shock insulation layer is arranged between the basement outer wall and the supporting piles and between the basement bottom plate and the pile foundations. The building structure further comprises a plurality of uplift resisting components, each of which comprises a damping box, a damping spring, a piston, an anchoring bolt and an anchoring steel bar. The basement bottom plate and the top end of the pile foundation are connected through the uplift resisting components, the anchoring steel bar is embedded in the basement bottom plate, and the anchoring bolt is embedded in the top end of the pile foundation. The drainage and shock insulation layer is arranged to play the roles of drainage and energy dissipation and shock insulation. The uplift resisting components can bear uplift load and absorb energy in an earthquake, so that the damage of the earthquake to the underground building is eliminated or reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of civil and transportation engineering technology, and in particular to a basement drainage and seismic isolation building structure and construction method. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing application of energy dissipation and damping devices, the engineering applications of these devices and dampers have significantly increased. However, most of them are currently used in structures above ground. With the development and utilization of underground space, buildings generally have large-scale one- to multi-story basements. Existing design schemes mainly focus on the seismic isolation and damping of above-ground buildings, and the importance of basement seismic isolation and damping has not yet been given due attention. Furthermore, basements and pile foundations are more difficult to repair after an earthquake than above-ground buildings, often having a greater impact on the overall use of the building.

[0003] Therefore, those skilled in the art urgently need to find a new technical solution to address the aforementioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problems in the prior art, this invention provides a basement drainage and seismic isolation building structure and construction method.

[0005] This invention includes a basement drainage and seismic isolation building structure, comprising a basement exterior wall, a basement floor slab, and a plurality of vertically erected support piles and pile foundations. The support piles are located outside the basement exterior wall, and the pile foundations are located below the basement floor slab. A drainage and seismic isolation layer is provided between the basement exterior wall and the support piles, and between the basement floor slab and the pile foundations.

[0006] It also includes several pull-out resistance components, including a damping box, a damping spring, a piston, anchor bolts, and anchor bars; the front end of the piston is located inside the damping box, and the rear end extends out of the damping box; the damping box is filled with an energy absorption medium; one end of the damping spring is fixedly connected to the front end of the piston, and the other end is fixedly connected to the anchor bolt that passes through the damping box; one end of the anchor bar is fixedly connected to the rear end of the piston.

[0007] The basement floor slab is connected to the top of the pile foundation by a pull-out member, and the anchoring steel bars are embedded in the basement floor slab, while the anchoring studs are embedded in the top of the pile foundation.

[0008] Furthermore, the basement drainage and seismic isolation building structure also includes several anchor rods matching the number of support piles. One end of the anchor rod is hinged to the outer surface of the support pile, and the other end is inserted obliquely into the surrounding soil layer.

[0009] Further, the basement drainage vibration isolation building structure further comprises a plurality of horizontally arranged damping conversion beams, one end of the damping conversion beam is fixedly connected with the supporting pile, and the other end is connected with the basement outer wall at a position close to the basement floor beam plate through the uplift resisting assembly.

[0010] The anchoring steel bars are embedded in the damping conversion beam, and the anchoring nails are embedded in the basement outer wall.

[0011] Further, a plurality of piston installation grooves corresponding to the positions of the pile foundation are formed on the basement bottom plate, the rear end of the piston abuts against the piston installation groove, and the groove wall of the piston installation groove and the rear end surface of the piston are filled with coarse sand; the contact joint between the basement bottom plate and the uplift resisting assembly is filled with waterproof sealant.

[0012] Further, the basement drainage vibration isolation building structure further comprises a sump, a submersible pump, a drain pipe, a drain valve and a water pressure gauge; the bottom end of the sump is lower than the drainage vibration isolation layer; the submersible pump is arranged in the sump; the front end of the drain pipe is connected with the submersible pump, the tail end of the drain pipe extends out of the ground after penetrating through the drainage vibration isolation layer, and the drain valve and the water pressure gauge are arranged at the tail end of the drain pipe.

[0013] Further, the cover plate and the side wall of the sump are provided with drainage holes, and the cover plate and the side wall are wrapped with a geotextile inverse filter layer.

[0014] Further, the basement drainage vibration isolation building structure further comprises a concrete cover plate arranged on the ground, the concrete cover plate is anchored with the basement outer wall, the concrete cover plate covers the top of the supporting pile, and the concrete cover plate and the supporting pile are filled with waterproof sealant.

[0015] Further, the drainage vibration isolation layer is filled with discontinuous graded round gravel and / or broken stone; the thickness of the drainage vibration isolation layer below the basement bottom plate is 30mm-80mm, and the thickness of the drainage vibration isolation layer outside the basement outer wall is 500mm-1500mm.

[0016] Further, the piston is a T-shaped piston.

[0017] The basement drainage vibration isolation building construction method comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1: a plurality of uplift resisting assemblies and a basement bottom plate and a damping conversion beam are prefabricated into one body; the uplift resisting assembly comprises a damping box, a damping spring, a piston, an anchoring nail and an anchoring steel bar; the front end of the piston is located in the damping box, and the rear end of the piston extends out of the damping box; the damping box is filled with an energy absorbing medium; one end of the damping spring is fixedly connected with the front end surface of the piston, and the other end of the damping spring is fixedly connected with the anchoring nail penetrating through the damping box; one end of the anchoring steel bar is fixedly connected with the rear end surface of the piston; when the uplift resisting assembly is prefabricated into one body with the basement bottom plate, the anchoring steel bar is embedded in the basement bottom plate, and when the uplift resisting assembly is prefabricated into one body with the damping conversion beam, the anchoring steel bar is embedded in the damping conversion beam.

[0019] S2: connecting the basement floor with the top end of the pile foundation through the anti-pulling assembly; and embedding the anchoring bolt in the anti-pulling assembly precast with the basement floor into the top end of the pile foundation;

[0020] S3: connecting the basement outer wall with the supporting pile through the anti-pulling assembly; fixing one end of the shock-absorbing conversion beam with the supporting pile, and embedding the anchoring bolt in the anti-pulling assembly precast with the shock-absorbing conversion beam into the basement outer wall;

[0021] S4: filling the hydrophobic shock insulation layer; filling the hydrophobic shock insulation layer between the basement outer wall and the supporting pile and between the basement floor and the pile foundation.

[0022] The basement hydrophobic shock insulation building structure and the construction method have the following beneficial effects:

[0023] (1) The full-wrapping hydrophobic shock insulation layer is arranged between the basement outer wall and the supporting pile and between the basement floor and the pile foundation, so that the water pressure of underground water is reduced, and the seismic energy can be absorbed when the earthquake occurs, thereby playing the roles of hydrophobic and energy dissipation and shock insulation;

[0024] (2) The anti-pulling assembly composed of the shock-absorbing box, the shock-absorbing spring, the piston, the anchoring bolt and the anchoring steel bar is used to connect the basement floor and the pile foundation and the basement outer wall and the supporting pile, so as to replace the conventional rigid connection mode, and the anti-pulling assembly can bear the anti-pulling load and absorb the seismic energy, thereby eliminating or reducing the damage of the earthquake to the underground building, solving the problems of shock insulation and shock absorption of the underground space structure of the building, ensuring the safety of the building from the basement to the ground building, avoiding the collapse of the building due to the earthquake damage, and avoiding the major casualties and property losses. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the basement hydrophobic shock insulation building structure of the embodiment of the present application (one);

[0027] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the basement hydrophobic shock insulation building structure of the embodiment of the present application (two);

[0028] Figure 3The structural schematic diagram of the anti-pulling assembly in the basement water-draining and shock-isolating building structure of the embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 4 The installation structural schematic diagram (one) of the anti-pulling assembly in the basement water-draining and shock-isolating building structure of the embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 5 The installation structural schematic diagram (two) of the anti-pulling assembly in the basement water-draining and shock-isolating building structure of the embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 6 The partial structural sectional view of the basement floor in the basement water-draining and shock-isolating building structure of the embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 7 The partial structural plan view of the basement floor in the basement water-draining and shock-isolating building structure of the embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 8 The partial structural schematic diagram of the basement water-draining and shock-isolating building structure of the embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 9 The partial structural schematic diagram of the sump well in the basement water-draining and shock-isolating building structure of the embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 10 The step flow chart of the basement water-draining and shock-isolating building construction method of the embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Wherein: 11-basement outer wall, 12-basement floor, 121-piston installation groove, 122-coarse sand, 13-basement floor beam slab, 21-supporting pile, 22-pile foundation, 30-water-draining and shock-isolating layer, 31-inspection well, 40-anti-pulling assembly, 41-damping box, 42-damping spring, 43-piston, 44-anchoring peg, 45-anchoring steel bar, 46-energy absorbing medium, 50-anchor rod, 60-damping conversion beam, 71- sump well, 711-water-draining hole, 712-geotextile inverse filter layer, 72-submersible pump, 73-drainage pipe, 74-drainage valve, 75-water pressure gauge, 80-concrete cover plate, 90-waterproof sealing glue. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, instead of all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the protection scope of the present application.

[0038] The basement water-draining and shock-isolating building structure of the embodiment of the present application,Figure 1 As shown, the basement outer wall 11, the basement floor 12, a plurality of supporting piles 21 and pile foundations 22 are provided, the supporting piles 21 are located outside the basement outer wall 11, and the pile foundations 22 are located below the basement floor 12; a full-wrapping hydrophobic isolation layer 30 is arranged between the basement outer wall 11 and the supporting piles 21 and between the basement floor 12 and the pile foundations 22, so as to completely isolate the basement from the external supporting structure; in the embodiment of the present application, the hydrophobic isolation layer 30 can be filled with discontinuous graded round gravel and / or gravel or other loose materials capable of generating mutual displacement; the round gravel and the gravel have good permeability, so as to reduce water pressure and consume and absorb seismic energy due to good deformation capacity in the event of an earthquake, thereby playing a role of hydrophobicity and energy dissipation and isolation. The thickness of the hydrophobic isolation layer 30 below the basement floor 12 is preferably 30mm-80mm, and the thickness of the hydrophobic isolation layer 30 outside the basement outer wall 11 is preferably 500mm-1500mm.

[0039] In the embodiment of the present application, a plurality of uplift resisting assemblies 40 are further provided, as shown in Figure 3 As shown, the uplift resisting assembly 40 comprises a damping box 41, a damping spring 42, a piston 43, an anchoring bolt 44 and an anchoring steel bar 45; the front end of the piston 43 is located in the damping box 41, and the rear end of the piston 43 extends out of the damping box 41; the damping box 41 is filled with an energy absorbing medium 46; one end of the damping spring 42 is fixedly connected with the front end face of the piston 43, and the other end of the damping spring 42 is fixedly connected with the anchoring bolt 44 penetrating through the damping box 41; one end of the anchoring steel bar 45 is fixedly connected with the rear end face of the piston 43. In the uplift resisting assembly 40 of the embodiment of the present application, the damping box 41 can be a cylindrical metal box, for example, a damping steel box, and the damping box 41 is filled with the energy absorbing medium 46, such as rubber / asphalt concrete; the damping spring 42 is preferably a high-strength steel spring, which is used to bear radial uplift load, and a plurality of damping springs 42 are arranged in parallel. The piston 43 is preferably a T-shaped piston, which matches the shape of the damping box 41; the piston 43 has a circular front end face and a cylindrical rear end; one end of the damping spring 42 is fixedly connected with the circular front end face, and an outlet matching the shape of the rear end of the T-shaped piston is formed on the side face of the damping box 41, so that the front end of the piston 43 is located in the damping box 41, and the rear end of the piston 43 extends out of the damping box 41. The number of the anchoring bolts 44 is consistent with the number of the damping springs 42; the damping spring 42 and the energy absorbing medium 46 in the damping box 41 have good compressibility, and can absorb energy in the earthquake. Figure 4 As shown, the uplift resisting assembly 40 is used to connect the basement floor 12 and the top end of the pile foundation 22, and the anchoring steel bar 45 is embedded in the basement floor 12, and the anchoring bolt 44 is embedded in the top end of the pile foundation 22.

[0040] The basement drainage and shock insulation building structure of the embodiment of the present application is provided with a full-wrapping drainage and shock insulation layer between the basement outer wall and the supporting pile and between the basement bottom plate and the pile foundation, thereby reducing the water pressure of underground water, absorbing the seismic energy when the earthquake occurs, and playing the roles of drainage and shock insulation and energy dissipation, on the other hand, the anti-pulling assembly composed of the shock absorption box, the shock absorption spring, the piston, the anchoring bolt and the anchoring steel bar is used to connect the basement bottom plate and the pile foundation, replacing the rigid connection mode between the basement bottom plate and the pile foundation, the anti-pulling assembly can bear the anti-pulling load and absorb the seismic energy, eliminating or reducing the damage of the earthquake to the underground building, solving the problems of shock insulation and shock absorption of the underground space structure of the building, ensuring the safety of the building from the basement to the ground building, avoiding the collapse of the building due to the earthquake damage, and avoiding the major casualties and property losses.

[0041] As shown in Figure 2 The building structure in the embodiment of the present application further comprises a plurality of anchor rods 50 matched with the number of the supporting piles 21, one end of the anchor rod 50 is hinged to the outer surface of the supporting pile 21, and the other end is obliquely inserted into the peripheral soil layer. For the pile-anchor supported foundation pit, the basement outer wall 11 and the supporting pile 21 do not need to be supported, and the supporting pile 21 can be directly supported by the anchor rod 50. The number of the anchor rod 50 in the embodiment of the present application is not limited, and can be appropriately selected according to the number of the supporting piles 21 and the support demand of each supporting pile 21.

[0042] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 5 The building structure in the embodiment of the present application further comprises a plurality of horizontally arranged shock absorption conversion beams 60, one end of the shock absorption conversion beam 60 is fixedly connected with the supporting pile 21, and the other end is connected with the basement outer wall 11 at a position close to the basement floor beam plate 13 through the anti-pulling assembly 40; wherein the anchoring steel bar 45 is embedded in the shock absorption conversion beam 60, the anchoring bolt 44 is embedded in the basement outer wall 11, and the connection between the shock absorption box 41 and the shock absorption conversion beam 60 is treated with waterproof sealant 90. For the inner support type foundation pit, the basement outer wall 11 and the supporting pile 21 are connected through the shock absorption conversion beam 60 at the position of the basement floor beam plate 13, the joint between the shock absorption conversion beam 60 and the basement outer wall 11 is connected through the anti-pulling assembly 40, and the shock absorption conversion beam 60 and the supporting pile 21 are anchored. The shock absorption conversion beam 60 is horizontally arranged, the anti-pulling assembly 40 absorbs the seismic waves acting on the shock absorption conversion beam 60, and the seismic waves acting on the basement outer wall 11 are reduced as much as possible.

[0043] The anti-pulling assembly 40 is adopted in the embodiment of the present application to make the basement outer wall 11 and the supporting pile 21, and the basement floor 12 and the pile foundation 22 not be rigidly connected, and the anti-pulling assembly 40 can not only adapt to the deformation in the horizontal direction, but also resist the deformation in the vertical direction, so as to bear the anti-pulling load and absorb the energy in the earthquake, and avoid the earthquake from breaking or shearing the shock-absorbing transfer beam 60 and the pile foundation 22, thereby avoiding the damage to the basement and the upper structure, and ensuring the safety of the building.

[0044] Specifically, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 6 、 Figure 7 , a plurality of piston installation grooves 121 corresponding to the positions of the pile foundation 22 are formed on the basement floor 12, the rear end of the piston 43 abuts against the piston installation groove 121, and the groove wall of the piston installation groove 121 and the rear end surface of the piston 43 are filled with coarse sand 122; and the contact joint between the basement floor 12 and the anti-pulling assembly 40 is filled with waterproof sealant 90. In combination with the shape of the piston 43 in the foregoing embodiment, the piston installation groove 121 in the present embodiment is also designed as a cylinder, and the diameter is slightly greater than the rear end of the piston 43 by 15mm-30mm, the cavity is filled with coarse sand 122, and the contact joint is filled with waterproof sealant 90.

[0045] Specifically, as shown in Figure 8 , the building structure in the embodiment of the present application further comprises a sump 71, a submersible pump 72, a drain pipe 73, a drain valve 74 and a water pressure gauge 75; the bottom end of the sump 71 is lower than the water-draining shock insulation layer 30; the submersible pump 72 is arranged in the sump 71; the front end of the drain pipe 73 is connected with the submersible pump 72, and the tail end of the drain pipe 73 extends out of the ground after penetrating through the water-draining shock insulation layer 30, and the drain valve 74 and the water pressure gauge 75 are arranged at the tail end of the drain pipe 73. Since the water-draining shock insulation layer 30 is filled with discontinuous graded round gravel and / or broken stone, the water-draining shock insulation layer 30 has good permeability, and the underground water is collected into the sump 71, and then the submersible pump 72 discharges the underground water out of the ground through the drain pipe 73, thereby eliminating the adverse effect of the buoyancy of the underground water on the building structure. The submersible pump 72 in the present embodiment can be a submersible pump with automatic water level sensing function, and the submersible pump is automatically started when the water level rises to a certain height to discharge the underground water out of the ground. The drain valve 74 in the present embodiment is used to open or close the drain pipeline, and is preferably arranged in interlocked action with the submersible pump, and the two are started and stopped at the same time. The water pressure gauge 75 in the present embodiment is used to detect the pressure of the water in the drain pipe 73, so as to facilitate the property management staff to know the water pressure of the drain pipe 73.

[0046] As shown in Figure 9As shown, the cover plate and the sidewall of the water accumulation well 71 are provided with a plurality of drainage holes 711 at a certain interval, and the outside of the cover plate and the sidewall are wrapped with a geotextile filter layer 712. An inspection well 31 for a submersible pump is arranged above the water accumulation well 71 in the water drainage and shock isolation layer 30, and the drain pipe 73 is located in the inspection well 31. It should be noted that Figure 9 Only a partial region of the water accumulation well 71 is shown, and the shape of the water accumulation well 71 is not limited. The embodiment of the present application takes into account the design of lowering the underground water level, and further ensures the safety of the building against floating.

[0047] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 8 , the building structure in the embodiment of the present application further comprises a concrete cover plate 80 arranged on the ground, the concrete cover plate 80 is anchored with the basement outer wall 11, the concrete cover plate 80 covers the top of the support pile 21, and the concrete cover plate 80 and the support pile 21 are filled with waterproof sealant 90, the concrete cover plate 80 and the support pile 21 are completely separated, and the top surfaces of the concrete cover plate 80 and the support pile 21 can horizontally displace and dislocate relative to each other when an earthquake occurs.

[0048] The embodiment of the present application further comprises a basement water drainage and shock isolation building construction method, as shown in Figure 10 , the construction method comprises the following steps:

[0049] S1: Preparing the plurality of uplift resisting assemblies, the basement floor and the shock absorbing conversion beam as one body.

[0050] The uplift resisting assembly in the embodiment of the present application comprises a shock absorbing box, a shock absorbing spring, a piston, an anchoring bolt and an anchoring steel bar; the front end of the piston is located in the shock absorbing box, and the rear end of the piston extends out of the shock absorbing box; the shock absorbing box is filled with an energy absorbing medium; one end of the shock absorbing spring is fixedly connected with the front end surface of the piston, and the other end of the shock absorbing spring is fixedly connected with the anchoring bolt penetrating through the shock absorbing box; one end of the anchoring steel bar is fixedly connected with the rear end surface of the piston; when the uplift resisting assembly is prepared as one body with the basement floor, the anchoring steel bar is embedded in the basement floor, and when the uplift resisting assembly is prepared as one body with the shock absorbing conversion beam, the anchoring steel bar is embedded in the shock absorbing conversion beam.

[0051] S2: Connecting the basement floor and the top end of the pile foundation through the uplift resisting assembly.

[0052] Embedding the anchoring bolt in the uplift resisting assembly prepared as one body with the basement floor into the top end of the pile foundation.

[0053] S3: Connecting the basement outer wall and the support pile through the uplift resisting assembly.

[0054] Fixing one end of the shock absorbing conversion beam with the support pile, and embedding the anchoring bolt in the uplift resisting assembly prepared as one body with the shock absorbing conversion beam into the basement outer wall.

[0055] S4: filling the hydrophobic isolation layer.

[0056] Filling the wrapped hydrophobic isolation layer between the basement outer wall and the supporting pile and between the basement bottom plate and the pile foundation.

[0057] The step execution order of the construction method of the embodiment of the present application can also be adjusted adaptively according to the specific construction condition, so as to build the basement hydrophobic isolation building structure of the foregoing embodiment.

[0058] The structure, connection relationship and position relationship of each component in the foregoing steps can be realized by referring to the foregoing embodiment, and the embodiment will not be described again.

[0059] The basement hydrophobic isolation building structure and the construction method of the embodiment of the present application set the full-wrapped hydrophobic isolation layer between the basement outer wall and the supporting pile and between the basement bottom plate and the pile foundation, so as to reduce the water pressure of underground water, absorb the seismic energy when the earthquake occurs, and play the role of hydrophobic and energy dissipation isolation. On the other hand, the anti-pulling assembly composed of the damping box, the damping spring, the piston, the anchoring bolt and the anchoring steel bar is used to connect between the basement bottom plate and the pile foundation and between the basement outer wall and the supporting pile, instead of the conventional rigid connection mode. The anti-pulling assembly can bear the anti-pulling load and absorb the seismic energy, eliminate or reduce the damage of the earthquake to the underground building, solve the isolation and damping problems of the underground space structure of the building, ensure the safety of the building from the basement to the ground building, prevent the building from collapsing due to the earthquake damage, and avoid the major casualties and property losses.

[0060] The present application is further described by means of specific embodiments, but it should be understood that the specific description herein should not be understood as limiting the essence and scope of the present application. Various modifications made by those skilled in the art after reading the present specification belong to the scope protected by the present application.

Claims

1. A basement drainage decoupling building structure, characterized by, The basement outer wall, the basement bottom plate, a plurality of supporting piles and pile foundations are vertically arranged, the supporting piles are arranged outside the basement outer wall, and the pile foundations are arranged below the basement bottom plate; a hydrophobic shock insulation layer is arranged between the basement outer wall and the supporting piles and between the basement bottom plate and the pile foundations; wherein, The anti-pulling assembly comprises a shock-absorbing box, a shock-absorbing spring, a piston, an anchoring bolt and an anchoring steel bar; the front end of the piston is arranged in the shock-absorbing box, and the rear end of the piston extends out of the shock-absorbing box; the shock-absorbing box is filled with an energy-absorbing medium; one end of the shock-absorbing spring is fixedly connected with the front end surface of the piston, and the other end of the shock-absorbing spring is fixedly connected with the anchoring bolt penetrating through the shock-absorbing box; one end of the anchoring steel bar is fixedly connected with the rear end surface of the piston; A plurality of horizontally arranged shock-absorbing conversion beams are further arranged, one end of the shock-absorbing conversion beam is fixedly connected with the supporting pile, and the other end of the shock-absorbing conversion beam is connected with the basement outer wall near the basement floor beam plate through the anti-pulling assembly; The anchoring steel bar is embedded in the shock-absorbing conversion beam, and the anchoring bolt is embedded in the basement outer wall. The basement bottom plate and the top end of the pile foundation are connected through the anti-pulling assembly, the anchoring steel bar is embedded in the basement bottom plate, and the anchoring bolt is embedded in the top end of the pile foundation.

2. A basement drainage decoupling building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of anchor rods matched with the number of the supporting piles are further arranged, one end of the anchor rod is hingedly connected with the outer surface of the supporting pile, and the other end of the anchor rod is obliquely inserted into the peripheral soil layer.

3. A basement drainage decoupling building structure according to claim 1, wherein A plurality of piston mounting grooves corresponding to the positions of the pile foundations are formed in the basement bottom plate, the rear end of the piston abuts against the piston mounting groove, and coarse sand is filled between the groove wall of the piston mounting groove and the rear end surface of the piston; waterproof sealant is filled in the contact joint between the basement bottom plate and the anti-pulling assembly.

4. A basement drainage decoupling building structure according to claim 1, wherein A sump, a submersible pump, a drain pipe, a drain valve and a water pressure gauge are further arranged; the bottom end of the sump is lower than the hydrophobic shock insulation layer; the submersible pump is arranged in the sump; the front end of the drain pipe is connected with the submersible pump, the tail end of the drain pipe extends out of the ground after penetrating through the hydrophobic shock insulation layer, and the drain valve and the water pressure gauge are arranged at the tail end of the drain pipe.

5. A basement drainage decoupling building structure according to claim 4, wherein The cover plate and the side wall of the sump are provided with hydrophobic holes, and the outer part of the cover plate and the side wall is wrapped with a geotextile inverse filter layer.

6. A basement drainage decoupling building structure according to claim 1, wherein A concrete cover plate arranged on the ground is further arranged, the concrete cover plate is anchored with the basement outer wall, the concrete cover plate covers the top of the supporting pile, and waterproof sealant is filled between the concrete cover plate and the supporting pile.

7. A basement drainage decoupling building structure according to claim 1, wherein The hydrophobic shock insulation layer is filled with discontinuous graded round gravel and / or broken stone; the thickness of the hydrophobic shock insulation layer below the basement bottom plate is 30mm-80mm, and the thickness of the hydrophobic shock insulation layer outside the basement outer wall is 500mm-1500mm.

8. A basement drainage decoupling building structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The piston is a T-shaped piston.

9. A method of constructing a basement drainage seismic isolation building, characterized by, The construction method comprises the following steps: S1: several anti-pull assemblies are prefabricated with a basement floor and a shock-absorbing transfer beam respectively; the anti-pull assembly comprises a shock-absorbing box, a shock-absorbing spring, a piston, an anchoring bolt and an anchoring steel bar; the front end of the piston is located in the shock-absorbing box, and the rear end extends out of the shock-absorbing box; the shock-absorbing box is filled with energy-absorbing medium; one end of the shock-absorbing spring is fixedly connected with the front end face of the piston, and the other end is fixedly connected with the anchoring bolt penetrating through the shock-absorbing box; one end of the anchoring steel bar is fixedly connected with the rear end face of the piston; when the anti-pull assembly is prefabricated with the basement floor, the anchoring steel bar is embedded in the basement floor, and when the anti-pull assembly is prefabricated with the shock-absorbing transfer beam, the anchoring steel bar is embedded in the shock-absorbing transfer beam; S2: the basement floor is connected with the top end of a pile foundation through the anti-pull assembly; the anchoring bolt in the anti-pull assembly prefabricated with the basement floor is embedded in the top end of the pile foundation; S3: the basement outer wall is connected with a support pile through the anti-pull assembly; one end of the shock-absorbing transfer beam is fixedly connected with the support pile, and the other end of the anchoring bolt in the anti-pull assembly prefabricated with the shock-absorbing transfer beam is embedded in the basement outer wall; S4: a hydrophobic shock insulation layer is filled; a hydrophobic shock insulation layer is filled between the basement outer wall and the support pile and between the basement floor and the pile foundation.

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