Liquid viscous damper and steel seismic resistant house structure

Abstract

The application provides a liquid viscous damper and a steel anti-seismic house structure. The liquid viscous damper comprises an upper shell and a lower shell, and a flat viscous liquid accommodating cavity is formed between the upper shell and the lower shell. An upper portion of the upper shell is provided with a first liquid viscous damper cavity and a second liquid viscous damper cavity which are oppositely arranged in an eight-shaped manner. The lower ends of the first liquid viscous damper cavity and the second liquid viscous damper cavity are communicated with the viscous liquid accommodating cavity. The first liquid viscous damper cavity and the second liquid viscous damper cavity are respectively provided with a first liquid viscous damper piston and a second liquid viscous damper piston. The upper ends of the first liquid viscous damper cavity and the second liquid viscous damper cavity are open. The application breaks out of the concept of improving the anti-vibration capacity of the traditional steel structure reinforced beams, columns and walls, and combines the dynamic performance of the structure to avoid or reduce the damage caused by the earthquake and the wind force.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of steel structure technology, and in particular relates to liquid viscous dampers and steel earthquake-resistant building structures. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional earthquake-resistant structural systems resist earthquakes by enhancing the performance of the structure itself. Energy-dissipating and damping structural systems achieve earthquake resistance by attaching energy-dissipating and damping devices (such as viscous dampers) to the structure to dissipate seismic energy. Viscous dampers have advantages such as simple construction, economical materials, minimal environmental impact, ease of construction, significant damping effect, and minimal interference with the original structure, making them an excellent damping device. Viscous dampers are currently widely used in civil engineering, machinery, and other fields, achieving good economic results. The purpose of this invention is to move beyond the traditional concept of enhancing the vibration resistance of steel structures by reinforcing beams, columns, and walls, and instead consider the dynamic performance of the structure to avoid or reduce damage from earthquakes and wind. In high-intensity earthquake zones, viscous dampers can be installed in steel structure buildings to enhance their seismic performance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve the following technical problems: to break away from the traditional concept of enhancing the vibration resistance of beams, columns and walls of steel structures, and to combine the dynamic performance of the structure to avoid or reduce damage from earthquakes and wind.

[0004] This invention provides a liquid viscous damper and a steel earthquake-resistant building structure.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A liquid viscous damper includes an upper shell and a lower shell, with a flat viscous liquid accommodating cavity formed between the upper and lower shells. The upper part of the upper shell is provided with a first liquid viscous damper cavity and a second liquid viscous damper cavity arranged opposite each other in a figure-eight shape. The lower ends of the first liquid viscous damper cavity and the second liquid viscous damper cavity communicate with the viscous liquid accommodating cavity. A first liquid viscous damper piston and a second liquid viscous damper piston are respectively provided in the first liquid viscous damper cavity and the second liquid viscous damper cavity. The upper ends of the first liquid viscous damper cavity and the second liquid viscous damper cavity are open for mounting the first liquid viscous damper piston and the second liquid viscous damper piston.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution, the lower housing has a third liquid viscosity damper cavity extending vertically downward in the middle, the upper end of the third liquid viscosity damper cavity is connected to the viscous liquid accommodating cavity, the third liquid viscosity damper cavity is provided with a third liquid viscosity damper piston, and the upper housing has a shaft hole in the middle for the piston shaft of the third liquid viscosity damper piston to extend out.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, the upper housing extends upward from the shaft hole to form a boss portion for supporting the piston shaft of the third liquid viscosity damper piston.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, both the upper and lower shells have a flange extending outward relative to the viscous fluid accommodating cavity, and the flanges of the upper and lower shells fit tightly together.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, a number of bolts are provided along the flanges of the upper and lower housings, and the bolts are used to fix the upper and lower housings together.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, the transverse cross-sections of the upper and lower shells are elliptical.

[0012] A steel earthquake-resistant building structure includes several steel structural units. Each steel structural unit includes two frame columns, one crossbeam, two support beams, and one liquid viscous damper. The liquid viscous damper includes a first liquid viscous damper cavity, a second liquid viscous damper cavity, a first liquid viscous damper piston, and a second liquid viscous damper piston. The left and right ends of the crossbeam are respectively connected to the two frame columns. The lower ends of the two support beams are respectively connected to the connection nodes between the two frame columns and the crossbeam of the lower steel structural unit. The upper ends of the two support beams are fixedly connected to the lower shell of the liquid viscous damper. The upper ends of the first liquid viscous damper piston and the second liquid viscous damper piston are connected to the lower end of the middle part of the crossbeam. The two support beams are coaxially arranged with the corresponding first liquid viscous damper piston and second liquid viscous damper piston, respectively.

[0013] A steel earthquake-resistant building structure includes several steel structural units. Each steel structural unit includes two frame columns, one crossbeam, two support beams, and one liquid viscous damper. The liquid viscous damper includes a first liquid viscous damper cavity, a second liquid viscous damper cavity, a third liquid viscous damper cavity, and a first liquid viscous damper piston, a second liquid viscous damper piston, and a third liquid viscous damper piston. The left and right ends of the crossbeam are respectively connected to the two frame columns. The lower ends of the two support beams are respectively connected to the connection nodes between the two frame columns and the crossbeam of the lower steel structural unit. The upper ends of the two support beams are fixedly connected to the lower shell of the liquid viscous damper. The upper ends of the first liquid viscous damper piston, the second liquid viscous damper piston, and the third liquid viscous damper piston are connected to the lower end of the middle part of the crossbeam. The two support beams are respectively coaxially arranged with the corresponding first liquid viscous damper piston and second liquid viscous damper piston.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0015] The liquid viscous damper of the present invention is applied to the steel structural unit of a steel earthquake-resistant building structure.

[0016] First, the liquid viscous damper supports the crossbeam.

[0017] The pistons of the first and second liquid viscous dampers move in an inclined direction under the gravity of the crossbeam and the object supporting the crossbeam. The viscous liquid in the chambers of the first and second liquid viscous dampers is squeezed and generates a viscous force on the piston in the opposite direction, thereby generating a reverse supporting force on the crossbeam.

[0018] Second, the liquid viscous damper plays a longitudinal vibration reduction role in the steel earthquake-resistant building structure.

[0019] The beams of a steel earthquake-resistant building structure serve to support the floor. The vibration of objects on the floor and the tremors felt by people mainly depend on the vibration intensity of the beams. Therefore, this invention primarily uses a liquid viscous damper to reduce the vibration intensity of the beams. The lower shell of the liquid viscous damper, together with two supporting beams and the beam of the next steel structural unit, forms a rigid structure. Seismic impact is transmitted upwards from the lower end of the steel earthquake-resistant building structure. On one hand, the seismic impact load is transmitted from the frame columns to the beams; on the other hand, the seismic impact load is transmitted from the rigid structure of the next steel structural unit to the beam of the previous structural unit.

[0020] The vibration of the crossbeam acts on the pistons of the first and second liquid viscous dampers, causing them to move back and forth alternately. The damping effect can convert the kinetic energy of the structure into heat through the reciprocating motion of the pistons in the viscous liquid, thereby reducing the vibration of the crossbeam and controlling it within the allowable range.

[0021] Third, the liquid viscous damper provides lateral vibration reduction for steel earthquake-resistant building structures.

[0022] When the steel structure unit undergoes lateral deformation (i.e., from a rectangular structure to a parallelogram structure), the piston of the first or second liquid viscous damper will be pulled, and the viscous liquid in the cavity of the first or second liquid viscous damper will be squeezed and generate a viscous force on the piston in the opposite direction, thereby generating a reverse resistance to the deformation of the steel structure unit.

[0023] On the other hand, as the piston of the first or second liquid viscosity damper is pulled, the space for the solute viscous liquid in the viscous liquid containment cavity is increased, creating a vacuum. When the steel structure unit undergoes lateral deformation, a lateral misalignment will occur between the upper and lower shells, which will disrupt the fixed connection between them (e.g., welding, screwing). Even after the fixed connection between the upper and lower shells is disrupted, the vacuum suction within the viscous liquid containment cavity keeps the upper and lower shells tightly pressed together, preventing the viscous liquid from flowing out. Furthermore, the viscous liquid within the viscous liquid containment cavity exerts a viscous force on the upper and lower shells, preventing further relative displacement between them. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid viscosity damper in Example 1;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a side view of the liquid viscosity damper of Embodiment 1;

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A sectional view of section AA in the middle;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the steel structure unit of the steel earthquake-resistant house structure in Example 1;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid viscosity damper in Example 2;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a side view of the liquid viscosity damper in Embodiment 2;

[0030] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A sectional view of section BB in the middle;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of the steel structure unit of the steel earthquake-resistant house structure in Example 2;

[0032] In the picture:

[0033] I - Upper shell; II - Lower shell; III - Frame column; IV - Crossbeam; V - Support beam;

[0034] 1-First liquid viscosity damper cavity; 2-Second liquid viscosity damper cavity; 3-Viscous liquid accommodating cavity; 4-Sliding sealing ring; 5-Flange; 6-Third liquid viscosity damper cavity; 7-Boss portion; 8-Sealing sleeve; 9-Bolt;

[0035] 11 - First liquid viscous damper piston; 21 - Second liquid viscous damper piston; 61 - Third liquid viscous damper piston. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the liquid viscosity damper includes an upper housing I and a lower housing II.

[0039] The liquid viscosity damper of Embodiment 1 includes a first liquid viscosity damper cavity 1, a second liquid viscosity damper cavity 2, and a first liquid viscosity damper piston 11 and a second liquid viscosity damper piston 21 disposed in the first liquid viscosity damper cavity 1 and the second liquid viscosity damper cavity 2.

[0040] The bottom of the upper housing I is recessed upwards to form a viscous liquid receiving cavity 3. The first liquid viscous damper cavity 1 and the second liquid viscous damper cavity 2 are arranged in a V-shape on the upper part of the upper housing I, with their lower ends communicating with the viscous fluid receiving cavity 3. The upper ends of the first liquid viscous damper cavity 1 and the second liquid viscous damper cavity 2 are open, used for installing the first liquid viscous damper piston 11 and the second liquid viscous damper piston 21. A sliding sealing ring 4 is provided at the open end of the first liquid viscous damper cavity 1 and the second liquid viscous damper cavity 2.

[0041] Both the upper housing I and the lower housing II have a flange 5 extending outward relative to the viscous fluid accommodating cavity 3. The flanges 5 of the upper housing I and the lower housing II are tightly fitted together. In this embodiment, the upper housing I and the lower housing II are fixedly connected by welding.

[0042] In this embodiment, the transverse cross-sections of the upper shell I and the lower shell II are elliptical. The reason for setting them as elliptical is that the liquid viscous damper is used in the steel structural units of the steel earthquake-resistant building structure, and the installation width of the steel structural units of the steel earthquake-resistant building structure is limited. The elliptical liquid viscous damper has a shorter minor axis, which can solve this problem. On the other hand, the elliptical liquid viscous damper will be subjected to more uniform force during the transmission of transverse loads than the rectangular liquid viscous damper.

[0043] A steel earthquake-resistant building structure consists of several steel structural units, such as... Figure 4 As shown, each steel structure unit includes two frame columns III, one beam IV, two support beams V, and one of the aforementioned liquid viscous dampers.

[0044] The left and right ends of the crossbeam IV are connected to two frame columns III, respectively. The lower ends of the two support beams V are connected to the connection nodes between the two frame columns III and the lower steel structure unit crossbeam IV, respectively. The upper ends of the two support beams V are fixedly connected to the lower housing II of the liquid viscous damper. The upper ends of the first liquid viscous damper piston 11 and the second liquid viscous damper piston 21 are connected to the lower end of the middle part of the crossbeam IV. The two support beams V are coaxially arranged with the corresponding first liquid viscous damper piston 11 and second liquid viscous damper piston 21, respectively. The crossbeam IV is used to install the floor.

[0045] Under normal circumstances (without an earthquake), the liquid viscous damper supports the beam IV and the floor. The first liquid viscous damper piston 11 and the second liquid viscous damper piston 21 move in an inclined direction under the weight of the beam IV and the objects supporting it. The viscous liquid inside the first liquid viscous damper cavity 1 and the second liquid viscous damper cavity 2 is compressed, generating a viscous force on the piston in the opposite direction, thus producing a reverse supporting force on the beam IV.

[0046] During an earthquake, seismic waves are classified into three types based on their propagation mode: P-waves, S-waves, and surface waves. P-waves are propagation waves, traveling at 5.5–7 km / s in the Earth's crust. They arrive at the epicenter first and are also known as P-waves. They cause vertical ground shaking but are relatively weakly destructive. S-waves are shear waves, traveling at 3.2–4.0 km / s in the Earth's crust. They are the second to arrive at the epicenter and are also known as S-waves. They cause horizontal and vertical ground shaking and are more destructive. Surface waves, also known as L-waves, are mixed waves generated when P-waves and S-waves meet at the Earth's surface. They have long wavelengths and strong amplitudes, propagate only along the Earth's surface, and are the main factor causing severe damage to buildings.

[0047] The following discussion concerns the steel earthquake-resistant building structure of Example 1 during the occurrence of longitudinal waves: the lower shell II of the liquid viscous damper, together with two supporting beams V and the crossbeam IV of the next steel structural unit, forms a rigid structure. The seismic impact is transmitted upwards from the lower end of the steel earthquake-resistant building structure. On one hand, the seismic impact load is transmitted from the frame column III to the crossbeam IV; on the other hand, the seismic impact load is transmitted from the rigid structure of the next steel structural unit to the crossbeam IV of the previous structural unit. The vibration of the crossbeam IV acts on the pistons 11 and 21 of the first and second liquid viscous dampers, causing them to move back and forth alternately. The damping effect converts the kinetic energy of the structure into heat through the reciprocating motion of the pistons in the viscous liquid, thereby reducing the vibration of the crossbeam IV and controlling it within an acceptable range.

[0048] The following discussion concerns the steel earthquake-resistant building structure of Example 1 during transverse wave deformation: When the steel structural unit undergoes transverse deformation (i.e., from a rectangular structure to a parallelogram structure), the piston 11 of the first liquid viscous damper or the piston 21 of the second liquid viscous damper will be pulled, and the viscous liquid in the cavity 1 of the first liquid viscous damper or the cavity 2 of the second liquid viscous damper will be squeezed and generate a viscous force on the piston in the opposite direction, thereby generating a reverse resistance to the deformation of the steel structural unit. On the other hand, since the piston 11 of the first liquid viscous damper or the piston 21 of the second liquid viscous damper will be pulled, the space for the solute viscous liquid in the viscous liquid accommodating cavity 3 is increased, creating a vacuum. When the steel structural unit undergoes transverse deformation, a transverse misalignment will occur between the upper shell I and the lower shell II. This misalignment will disrupt the fixed connection relationship (e.g., welding, screwing, etc.) between the upper shell I and the lower shell II. Even after the fixed connection between the upper shell I and the lower shell II is broken, the vacuum suction within the viscous liquid containment cavity 3 keeps the upper shell I and lower shell II tightly pressed together, preventing the viscous liquid from flowing out. Furthermore, the viscous liquid within the viscous liquid containment cavity 3 generates a viscous force on the upper shell I and lower shell II, preventing further relative displacement between them.

[0049] When a surface wave occurs, because the first liquid viscous damper piston 11 and the second liquid viscous damper piston 21 are arranged obliquely in a figure-eight shape, the first liquid viscous damper and the second liquid viscous damper can play both longitudinal and lateral vibration reduction roles. At the same time, the viscous liquid in the viscous liquid accommodating cavity 3 generates viscous damping on the lateral relative displacement of the upper shell I and the lower shell II, resulting in excellent lateral vibration reduction effect.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] like Figure 5-8 As shown, the liquid viscosity damper includes an upper housing I and a lower housing II.

[0052] The liquid viscosity damper of Embodiment 2 includes a first liquid viscosity damper cavity 1, a second liquid viscosity damper cavity 2, a third liquid viscosity damper cavity 6, and a first liquid viscosity damper piston 11, a second liquid viscosity damper piston 21, and a third liquid viscosity damper piston 61 disposed within the first liquid viscosity damper cavity 1, the second liquid viscosity damper cavity 2, and the third liquid viscosity damper cavity 6.

[0053] The bottom of the upper housing I is recessed upwards to form a viscous liquid receiving cavity 3. The first liquid viscous damper cavity 1 and the second liquid viscous damper cavity 2 are arranged in a V-shape on the upper part of the upper housing I, with their lower ends communicating with the viscous fluid receiving cavity 3. The upper ends of the first liquid viscous damper cavity 1 and the second liquid viscous damper cavity 2 are open, used for installing the first liquid viscous damper piston 11 and the second liquid viscous damper piston 21. A sliding sealing ring 4 is provided at the open end of the first liquid viscous damper cavity 1 and the second liquid viscous damper cavity 2.

[0054] The third liquid viscosity damper cavity 6 extends vertically downward from the middle of the lower housing II, and its upper end communicates with the viscous liquid receiving cavity 3. The upper housing I has a shaft hole in its middle for the piston shaft of the third liquid viscosity damper piston 61 to extend out. The upper housing I has a boss 7 extending upward from the shaft hole to support the piston shaft of the third liquid viscosity damper piston 61. The upper housing I has a sealing sleeve 8 within the boss 7 that slides with the piston shaft of the third liquid viscosity damper piston 61. The boss 7 serves two purposes: firstly, it increases the length of the sealing section of the piston shaft of the third liquid viscosity damper piston 61, preventing viscous liquid from flowing out; secondly, it increases the shear resistance of the piston shaft of the third liquid viscosity damper piston 61, preventing it from breaking under excessive lateral loads.

[0055] Both the upper housing I and the lower housing II have a flange 5 extending outward relative to the viscous fluid accommodating cavity 3. The flanges 5 of the upper housing I and the lower housing II fit tightly together. In this embodiment, to enhance the fixed connection between the upper housing I and the lower housing II, several bolts 9 are provided along the flanges 5 of the upper housing I and the lower housing II, and the bolts 9 fix the upper housing I and the lower housing II together. This bolt reinforcement method can also prevent the lateral relative displacement of the upper housing I and the lower housing II.

[0056] In this embodiment, the transverse cross-sections of the upper shell I and the lower shell II are elliptical. The reason for this elliptical shape is that the liquid viscous damper is used in the steel structural units of a steel earthquake-resistant building structure, and the installation width of these units is limited. The elliptical liquid viscous damper, with its shorter minor axis, solves this problem. Furthermore, during the transmission of transverse loads, the elliptical liquid viscous damper causes a more uniform force distribution on the bolt 9 compared to a rectangular liquid viscous damper, thus increasing the maximum transverse shear load that a single bolt 9 can withstand.

[0057] A steel earthquake-resistant building structure consists of several steel structural units, such as... Figure 8 As shown, each steel structure unit includes two frame columns III, one beam IV, two support beams V, and one of the aforementioned liquid viscous dampers.

[0058] The left and right ends of the crossbeam IV are connected to two frame columns III, respectively. The lower ends of the two support beams V are connected to the connection nodes between the two frame columns III and the lower steel structure unit crossbeam IV, respectively. The upper ends of the two support beams V are fixedly connected to the lower housing II of the liquid viscous damper. The upper ends of the first liquid viscous damper piston 11, the second liquid viscous damper piston 21, and the third liquid viscous damper piston 61 are connected to the lower end of the middle part of the crossbeam IV. The two support beams V are coaxially arranged with the corresponding first liquid viscous damper piston 11 and second liquid viscous damper piston 21, respectively. The crossbeam IV is used to install the floor.

[0059] Under normal conditions (without an earthquake), the liquid viscous damper supports the beam IV and the floor. The first liquid viscous damper piston 11 and the second liquid viscous damper piston 21 move in an inclined direction under the weight of the beam IV and the object supporting it. The viscous liquid in the first liquid viscous damper cavity 1 and the second liquid viscous damper cavity 2 is compressed, generating a viscous force on the piston in the opposite direction, thus producing a reverse supporting force on the beam IV. Specifically, in Embodiment 2, the third liquid viscous damper piston 61 moves vertically under the weight of the beam IV and the object supporting it. The viscous liquid in the third liquid viscous damper cavity 6 is compressed, generating a viscous force on the piston in the opposite direction, thus producing a reverse supporting force on the beam IV. The liquid viscous damper of Embodiment 2 has a significantly better ability to withstand vertical loads than the liquid viscous damper of Embodiment 1.

[0060] The following discussion concerns the steel earthquake-resistant building structure of Example 2 during the occurrence of longitudinal waves: the lower shell II of the liquid viscous damper, together with two supporting beams V and the crossbeam IV of the next steel structural unit, forms a rigid structure. The seismic impact is transmitted upwards from the lower end of the steel earthquake-resistant building structure. On one hand, the seismic impact load is transmitted from the frame column III to the crossbeam IV; on the other hand, the seismic impact load is transmitted from the rigid structure of the next steel structural unit to the crossbeam IV of the previous structural unit. The vibration of the crossbeam IV acts on the pistons 11, 21, and 61 of the first, second, and third liquid viscous dampers, causing them to move back and forth alternately. The damping effect converts the kinetic energy of the structure into heat through the reciprocating motion of the pistons in the viscous liquid, thereby reducing the vibration of the crossbeam IV and controlling it within an acceptable range. The liquid viscous damper of Example 2 has a significantly better ability to resist longitudinal waves than the liquid viscous damper of Example 1.

[0061] The following discussion concerns the steel seismic-resistant building structure of Example 2 during transverse wave events: When the steel structural unit undergoes transverse deformation (i.e., from a rectangular structure to a parallelogram structure), the piston 11 of the first liquid viscous damper or the piston 21 of the second liquid viscous damper will be pulled. The viscous liquid inside the cavity 1 of the first liquid viscous damper or the cavity 2 of the second liquid viscous damper will be squeezed and generate a viscous force on the piston in the opposite direction, thereby generating a reverse resistance to the deformation of the steel structural unit. The piston shaft of the third liquid viscous damper piston 61 and the bolt 9 connecting the upper shell I and the lower shell II will bear the transverse shear load. When the piston shaft of the third liquid viscous damper piston 61 is damaged, the viscous liquid will flow out from the shaft hole in the middle of the upper shell I, causing the liquid viscous damper structure to be destroyed. Therefore, the liquid viscous damper of Example 1 has a significantly better ability to resist transverse waves than the liquid viscous damper of Example 2.

[0062] When a surface wave occurs, because the first liquid viscous damper piston 11 and the second liquid viscous damper piston 21 are arranged in a V-shape at an angle, the first liquid viscous damper and the second liquid viscous damper can play both longitudinal and lateral vibration reduction roles.

[0063] In summary, the liquid viscous damper of Embodiment 2 is used in situations requiring greater support forces (such as large stadiums and art galleries) and can reduce the vertical vibration of beam IV, but its resistance to transverse waves is poor. The liquid viscous damper of Embodiment 1 is used in lightweight steel structures (generally ordinary steel-structured residential houses or small villas) and can play a better seismic role.

[0064] In addition to the preferred embodiments described above, there are other embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications based on the present invention, and as long as they do not depart from the spirit of the present invention, they should all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A liquid viscosity damper, characterized in that, The device includes an upper shell and a lower shell, with a flat viscous liquid accommodating cavity formed between the upper and lower shells. The upper part of the upper shell is provided with a first liquid viscous damper cavity and a second liquid viscous damper cavity arranged opposite each other in a figure-eight shape. The lower ends of the first liquid viscous damper cavity and the second liquid viscous damper cavity communicate with the viscous liquid accommodating cavity. A first liquid viscous damper piston and a second liquid viscous damper piston are respectively provided in the first liquid viscous damper cavity and the second liquid viscous damper cavity. The upper ends of the first liquid viscous damper cavity and the second liquid viscous damper cavity are open for installing the first liquid viscous damper piston and the second liquid viscous damper piston. Both the upper and lower housings have a flange extending outward relative to the viscous fluid accommodating cavity, and the flanges of the upper and lower housings fit tightly together. Each steel structure unit includes two frame columns, one crossbeam, two support beams, and one liquid viscous damper. The left and right ends of the crossbeam are connected to the two frame columns respectively. The lower ends of the two support beams are connected to the connection nodes between the two frame columns and the crossbeam of the lower steel structure unit respectively. The upper ends of the two support beams are fixedly connected to the lower housing of the liquid viscous damper. The upper ends of the first liquid viscous damper piston and the second liquid viscous damper piston are connected to the lower end of the middle part of the crossbeam. The two support beams are coaxially arranged with the corresponding first liquid viscous damper piston and second liquid viscous damper piston respectively.

2. The liquid viscosity damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower housing has a third liquid viscosity damper cavity extending vertically downward in the middle. The upper end of the third liquid viscosity damper cavity communicates with the viscous liquid accommodating cavity. The third liquid viscosity damper cavity is equipped with a third liquid viscosity damper piston. The upper housing has a shaft hole in the middle for the piston shaft of the third liquid viscosity damper piston to extend out.

3. The liquid viscosity damper according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper housing extends upward at the shaft hole to form a boss portion for supporting the piston shaft of the third liquid viscosity damper piston.

4. The liquid viscosity damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several bolts are provided along the flanges of the upper and lower housings, and the bolts are used to fix the upper and lower housings together.

5. The liquid viscosity damper according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, The transverse cross-sections of the upper and lower shells are elliptical.

6. A steel earthquake-resistant building structure, characterized in that, The steel earthquake-resistant building structure includes several steel structure units as described in claim 1.

7. A steel earthquake-resistant building structure, characterized in that, The steel earthquake-resistant building structure includes several steel structure units. Each steel structure unit includes two frame columns, one crossbeam, two support beams, and one liquid viscous damper as described in claim 2. The left and right ends of the crossbeam are respectively connected to the two frame columns. The lower ends of the two support beams are respectively connected to the connection nodes between the two frame columns and the crossbeam of the lower steel structure unit. The upper ends of the two support beams are fixedly connected to the lower shell of the liquid viscous damper. The upper ends of the first liquid viscous damper piston, the second liquid viscous damper piston, and the third liquid viscous damper piston are connected to the lower end of the middle part of the crossbeam. The two support beams are respectively coaxially arranged with the corresponding first liquid viscous damper piston and second liquid viscous damper piston.

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