Tool magazine and machine tool

Abstract

The tool magazine has: a first drive mechanism portion (161) that rotates the tool holder (112) so that the identification member (116) is positioned at a first position (Pa) in the tool holder (112) arranged to a delivery position different from a tool magazine side tool exchange position (J), and is positioned at a second position (Pb) in the tool holder (112) arranged to the tool magazine side tool exchange position (J); and a second drive mechanism portion (171) that moves the reading device (121) so that the reading device (121) is positioned at a third position (Pc) in a case where the identification member (116) is read by the reading device (121), and is positioned at a fourth position (Pd) in a case where the tool holder (112) is delivered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a tool magazine and a machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] For example, Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2004-142043 (Patent Document 1) discloses a composite machining lathe that includes: a tool post; a first tool magazine and a second tool magazine; a tool changing device for changing the tool held in the first tool magazine and the tool installed in the tool post; and a tool transfer device for transferring the tool between the first tool magazine and the second tool magazine.

[0003] Existing technical documents

[0004] Patent documents

[0005] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2004-142043 Summary of the Invention

[0006] The problem the invention aims to solve

[0007] As disclosed in Patent Document 1 above, machine tools equipped with tool magazines for storing multiple cutting tools are known. In such machine tools, the cutting tools are pre-attached with identification components such as IC chips that store various tool information, such as the type, length, or diameter of the cutting tool, or the workpiece machining experience of the cutting tool. In the tool magazine, the following steps are performed: the tool information is read from the identification component using a reading device, thereby facilitating workpiece machining or tool management.

[0008] However, since the cutting tools are arranged close together within the tool magazine, the position of the identification tags attached to the tools can make it difficult for the reading device to read the tags. Furthermore, the reading device must be designed to avoid interference between it and the tool holding unit that holds the tools within the tool magazine.

[0009] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a tool magazine and a machine tool having such a tool magazine, which solves the above-mentioned problems, allows the reading device to read the identification part attached to the tool, and prevents the reading device from interfering with the tool holding part.

[0010] Solution for solving the problem

[0011] The tool magazine according to the present invention comprises: a conveying device having a plurality of tool holding portions for conveying the plurality of tool holding portions into which tools are inserted along a predetermined axis and for holding the tools so as to be detachable; a reading device for reading an identification element attached to a tool in a tool holding portion conveyed to a predetermined conveying position; a first driving mechanism for rotating the tool holding portion about a predetermined axis so that, in a tool holding portion disposed at a conveying position different from the predetermined conveying position, the identification element is positioned at a first position, and in a tool holding portion disposed at the predetermined conveying position, the identification element is positioned at a second position offset from the first position in the circumferential direction of the predetermined axis; and a second driving mechanism for moving the reading device so that, when reading the identification element using the reading device, the reading device is positioned at a third position opposite to the identification element positioned at the second position, and when conveying the plurality of tool holding portions using the conveying device, the reading device is positioned at a fourth position retracted from the tool holding portion relative to the third position.

[0012] In this tool magazine configuration, within the tool holder positioned at a predetermined transport position, the identification element is located at a second position offset from the first position in the circumferential direction along a predetermined axis. The reading device is located at a third position opposite the identification element positioned at the second position, thereby enabling the reading of the identification element. Furthermore, when multiple tool holders are transported using a transport device, the reading device is located at a fourth position retracted from the tool holder relative to the third position, thus preventing interference between the reading device and the tool holder.

[0013] Furthermore, it is preferable that the first drive mechanism includes: an elastic member that applies an elastic force to the tool holder in a direction that causes the identification member to move from the second position toward the first position; and a cylinder that is provided in a manner that allows it to move forward and backward relative to the tool holder disposed in a predetermined delivery position, and applies an external force to the tool holder in a direction that causes the identification member to move from the first position toward the second position.

[0014] With this tool magazine configuration, the tool holder can be rotated by a cylinder to move the identification element from position 1 to position 2, and the tool holder can be rotated by an elastic member to move the identification element from position 2 to position 1.

[0015] Furthermore, it is preferable that the second drive mechanism has a cylinder that moves the reading device between the third and fourth positions.

[0016] With this tool magazine configuration, the reading device can be moved between the third and fourth positions using a cylinder.

[0017] Furthermore, it is preferable that the first drive mechanism and the second drive mechanism share a cylinder that is configured to move forward and backward relative to the tool holding part arranged in a predetermined delivery position, apply an external force to the tool holding part in a direction that causes the identification member to move from the first position to the second position, and move the reading device between the third position and the fourth position.

[0018] With this configuration, the cylinder is shared in both the first drive mechanism section and the second drive mechanism section, thus allowing for a simple tool magazine configuration.

[0019] Furthermore, it is preferable that the plurality of tool holders are arranged in the circumferential direction, the identification member positioned at the first position is configured in a manner tangential to the arrangement direction of the plurality of tool holders, and the identification member positioned at the second position is configured in a manner tangential to the outer periphery of the arrangement direction of the plurality of tool holders.

[0020] In this tool magazine configuration, the identification element positioned at the first position is arranged tangentially to the direction in which the multiple tool holders are arranged. Therefore, tools can be stored in the tool magazine in the circumferential direction along a predetermined axis with an orientation corresponding to the specifications of the tool to which the identification element is attached. Furthermore, the identification element positioned at the second position is arranged tangentially to the outer periphery of the multiple tool holders, thus allowing the reading device to be positioned on the outer periphery of the multiple tool holders, where it is less likely to interfere with the tool holders.

[0021] The machine tool according to the present invention includes: a tool magazine as described in any of the above claims; and an automatic tool changer that inputs and outputs tools relative to the tool magazine. The predetermined transport position corresponds to the tool change position where the tool magazine and the automatic tool changer exchange tools.

[0022] The machine tool configured in this way can read the identification information of the tools that are input and output by the automatic tool changer relative to the tool magazine.

[0023] Furthermore, preferably, the identification element is positioned at the first position when changing tools between the tool magazine and the automatic tool changer.

[0024] According to the machine tool configured in this way, the orientation of the tool in the circumferential direction of the predetermined axis is the same between the tool magazine and the automatic tool changer when changing tools between the tool magazine and the automatic tool changer.

[0025] In addition, preferably, the reading device is positioned at the fourth position when changing tools between the tool magazine and the automatic tool changer.

[0026] Machine tools configured in this way can prevent the reading device from interfering with the automatic tool changer when changing tools between the tool magazine and the automatic tool changer.

[0027] The effects of the invention

[0028] As described above, according to the present invention, a tool magazine and a machine tool equipped with such a tool magazine can be provided, which can read the identification element attached to the tool using a reading device, and can prevent the reading device from interfering with the tool holding part. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a machine tool equipped with the tool magazine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 It means Figure 1 The front view of the machine tool in the image.

[0031] Figure 3 This is the front view of the tool magazine when the tool holder is being transported.

[0032] Figure 4 Viewed from behind the machine Figure 3 A 3D view of the tool magazine.

[0033] Figure 5 View from the front of the machine Figure 3 A 3D view of the tool magazine.

[0034] Figure 6 This is the main view of the tool magazine when reading identification parts.

[0035] Figure 7 Viewed from behind the machine Figure 6 A 3D view of the tool magazine.

[0036] Figure 8 View from the front of the machine Figure 6 A 3D view of the tool magazine.

[0037] Figure 9 It means Figure 4 The rear view of the tool magazine within the area enclosed by the double-dotted line IX.

[0038] Figure 10 It means Figure 9 A cross-sectional view of the tool holder.

[0039] Figure 11 This is a flowchart illustrating the tool changing process between the tool magazine and the automatic tool changer.

[0040] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional view showing the tool magazine and automatic tool changer during tool changing.

[0041] Figure 13 This is another perspective view showing the tool magazine and automatic tool changer during tool changing. Detailed Implementation

[0042] Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Furthermore, in the drawings referred to below, the same or equivalent components are labeled with the same reference numerals.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a machine tool equipped with the tool magazine according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 It means Figure 1 The image shows the front view of a machine tool. The internal structure of the machine tool is shown through perspective of the housing that forms its exterior.

[0044] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 Machine tool 100 is a lathe that performs workpiece machining by bringing a cutting tool into contact with a rotating workpiece. Machine tool 100 is also equipped with a milling function that performs workpiece machining by bringing a rotating cutting tool into contact with a stationary workpiece.

[0045] Machine tool 100 is an NC (Numerically Controlled) machine tool that automates various actions for workpiece processing through numerical control performed by a computer.

[0046] In this specification, the axis that is parallel to the left-right direction (width direction) of the machine tool 100 and extends horizontally is called the "Z-axis"; the axis that is parallel to the front-back direction (depth direction) of the machine tool 100 and extends horizontally is called the "Y-axis"; and the axis that extends vertically is called the "X-axis". Figure 1 The right direction in the equation is called the "+Z-axis direction", and the left direction is called the "-Z-axis direction". Figure 1 The direction closest to the paper in the diagram is called the "+Y axis direction," and the direction further inward is called the "-Y axis direction." The +Y axis direction corresponds to the front of the machine. Figure 1 The upward direction is called the "+X-axis direction", and the downward direction is called the "-X-axis direction".

[0047] Furthermore, for the convenience of explaining the structure of the machine tool 100, the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis are set as described above, but they may not be consistent with the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis defined in the lathe.

[0048] First, the overall structure of the machine tool 100 will be described. The machine tool 100 has a base 11, a spindle table 21, a tool post 51, a tool magazine 10, and an automatic tool changer (ATC) 31.

[0049] The base 11 is a base component used to support the spindle table 21, tool holder 51, tool magazine 10, and automatic tool changer 31, etc., and is installed on the ground in a factory or similar location. The base 11 is made of metal such as cast iron.

[0050] The spindle stage 21 is mounted on the machine base 11. The spindle stage 21 has a workpiece spindle (not shown). The workpiece spindle is driven to rotate around a rotation center axis 101 parallel to the Z-axis. A retaining disc is provided at the top of the workpiece spindle to hold the workpiece in a detachable manner. The workpiece held in the retaining disc rotates around the rotation center axis 101 as the workpiece spindle rotates.

[0051] The tool holder 51 is located within the machining area. The machining area is the space where workpieces are machined, and is substantially sealed by a cover in a way that prevents foreign matter such as chips or cutting oil generated during workpiece machining from leaking out of the machining area. The tool holder 51 is configured to hold multiple tools. The tool holder 51 is a turret-type tool holder capable of rotating around a rotation center axis 102 parallel to the Z-axis.

[0052] The tool holder 51 has a turret 52, a tool holder base 56, and multiple tool holders 61. The tool holder base 56 is mounted on a transverse conveyor table (not shown).

[0053] The turret 52 is positioned so as to protrude from the tool holder base 56 toward the spindle table 21 in the Z-axis direction (-Z-axis direction). The turret 52 has a disk shape with the axis of rotation 102 oriented in the thickness direction. The turret 52 is capable of rotating around the axis of rotation 102.

[0054] Multiple tool holders 61 are mounted on the turret 52. The multiple tool holders 61 are connected to the turret 52 using bolts or the like. The multiple tool holders 61 are arranged circumferentially along the rotation center axis 102. The tool holders 61 hold the tool in a detachable manner. Each tool holder 61 has a built-in clamping mechanism for holding or releasing the tool and a rotating mechanism for rotating the tool.

[0055] The turret 52 rotates around the rotation center axis 102, thereby holding the tool in the tool holder 61 so that it moves circumferentially along the rotation center axis 102. When machining a workpiece held by the workpiece spindle on the spindle table 21, the tool holder 61 is positioned at the workpiece machining position W. When changing tools with the automatic tool changer 31 (described later), the tool holder 61 is positioned at the tool holder-side tool changing position K.

[0056] The plurality of tool holders 61 include a first tool holder 61S and a second tool holder 61T. When changing tools between the tool holder 51 and the automatic tool changer 31, the tool is inserted into the first tool holder 61S in the axial direction (Z-axis direction) of the rotation center axis 102 of the tool holder 51. The tool is inserted into the first tool holder 61S along a central axis 210 extending in the axial direction of the rotation center axis 102 of the tool holder 51. The central axis 210 coincides with the rotation center axis of the rotating tool held in the first tool holder 61S. When changing tools between the tool holder 51 and the automatic tool changer 31, the tool is inserted into the second tool holder 61T in the radial direction (Y-axis direction) of the rotation center axis 102 of the tool holder 51 at the tool holder-side tool change position K. The tool is inserted into the second tool holder 61T along a central axis 211 extending in the radial direction of the rotation center axis 102 of the tool holder 51 at the tool holder-side tool change position K. The central axis 211 is aligned with the rotational central axis of the rotating tool held in the second tool holder 61T.

[0057] also, Figure 1 and Figure 2 The configuration of the first tool holder 61S and the second tool holder 61T shown is an example and is not particularly limited. The first tool holder 61S and the second tool holder 61T may also be arranged in a random order in the circumferential direction of the rotation center axis 102.

[0058] The tool post 51 is supported by the machine base 11 via a saddle 57 and a transverse transport table (not shown). The saddle 57 can move in the Z-axis direction using various transport mechanisms, guide mechanisms, and servo motors. The transverse transport table can move in an axis orthogonal to the Z-axis and inclined relative to the X and Y axes (referred to as the "Xa axis") using various transport mechanisms, guide mechanisms, and servo motors. The movement of the saddle 57 and the transverse transport table in the Z-axis and Xa axis directions, respectively, allows the tool held to the tool holder 61 to move within the Z-axis-Xa axis plane during machining.

[0059] The tool magazine 10 is located outside the machining area. The tool magazine 10 is positioned separately from the tool holder 51 in the +Z axis direction. The tool holder 51 is positioned between the spindle head 21 and the tool magazine 10 in the Z-axis direction. The tool magazine 10 is mounted on a column member 12 extending from the machine base 11 in the +X axis direction (above). Furthermore, the layout of the tool magazine 10 is not particularly limited; for example, the tool magazine 10 may also be positioned behind the tool holder 51.

[0060] The tool magazine 10 is a device for storing multiple tools to sequentially supply tools to the machining area according to the machining purpose. The tool magazine 10 stores rotary tools such as drills, end mills or milling cutters, or fixed tools such as external diameter cutting tools, internal diameter cutting tools or grooving tools, which are to be installed in the tool holders 61 (61S, 61T) in the tool holder 51.

[0061] The tool magazine 10 has a conveying device 110 and a release cylinder 141 (see reference). Figure 1 and what followed Figure 5 The conveying device 110 has multiple tool holders 112 (tool holding parts). The tool holders 112 hold the tools in a detachable manner. A clamping mechanism for holding the tools is built into the tool holder 112. The release cylinder 141 releases the clamping mechanism at the tool holder 112 positioned at the tool change position J on the tool magazine side.

[0062] The conveying device 110 is configured to convey a plurality of tool holders 112. The conveying device 110 also includes a support plate 111 and a motor 113 (see below). Figure 4 ).

[0063] The support plate 111 has a disk shape centered on a rotation center axis 103 parallel to the Y-axis direction. The support plate 111 can be rotated in both the forward and reverse directions around the rotation center axis 103 by a motor 113.

[0064] Multiple tool holders 112 are supported at intervals by a support plate 111 along an annular transport path. Multiple tool holders 112 are arranged at intervals along a circumferential path centered on the rotation center axis 103. Multiple tool holders 112 are arranged at intervals along the outer periphery of the support plate 111.

[0065] The support plate 111 rotates around the rotation center axis 103, thereby transporting the tool holder 112 in the circumferential direction of the rotation center axis 103. The tool holder 112 is positioned at the tool magazine-side tool changing position J when changing tools with the automatic tool changer 31, which will be discussed later. When changing tools between the tool magazine 10 and the automatic tool changer 31, the tool is inserted into the tool holder 112 in the radial direction (Y-axis direction) of the rotation center axis 102 of the tool holder 51 at the tool holder-side tool changing position K.

[0066] Furthermore, when the tool magazine 10 is arranged with the rotation center axis 103 of the support plate 111 parallel to the Z-axis direction, the insertion direction of the tool relative to the tool holder 112 can also be the axial direction (Z-axis direction) of the rotation center axis 102 of the tool holder 51.

[0067] The automatic tool changer 31 transports tools between the tool holder 51 within the machining area and the tool magazine 10 outside the machining area. The automatic tool changer 31 changes tools with the tool holder 61 located at the tool holder-side tool change position K in the tool holder 51. The automatic tool changer 31 also changes tools with the tool holder 112 located at the tool magazine-side tool change position J in the tool magazine 10.

[0068] The automatic tool changer 31 is supported by a support frame 14. The support frame 14 is connected to the upper ends of column members 12 and 13. Column members 12 and 13 extend from the base 11 in the +X axis direction (upward) and are arranged separately from each other in the Z axis direction. The automatic tool changer 31 can be moved in the Z axis direction by various conveying mechanisms, guiding mechanisms, and servo motors provided to the support frame 14, etc.

[0069] The automatic tool changer 31 has an arm 32. The arm 32 is rotatable about a rotation center axis 104 and can slide axially along the rotation center axis 104. The arm 32 has a pair of gripping parts 33. The pair of gripping parts 33 are positioned 180° apart from each other on the rotation center axis 104. The pair of gripping parts 33 have a claw shape for gripping tools. While gripping a tool, the gripping parts 33 move between the tool magazine-side tool change position J and the tool holder-side tool change position K.

[0070] Arm 32 can be in a first posture (not shown) where the rotation center axis 104 is parallel to the Z-axis and a second posture (not shown) where the rotation center axis 104 is parallel to the Y-axis using actuators, etc. Figure 1 and Figure 2 Rotate between the poses shown in the diagram.

[0071] The arm 32 is positioned in a first posture when changing tools with the first tool holder 61S, which is positioned at the tool holder-side tool change position K in the tool holder 51. The arm 32 is positioned in a second posture when changing tools with the second tool holder 61T, which is positioned at the tool holder-side tool change position K in the tool holder 51. The arm 32 is positioned in a second posture when changing tools with the tool holder 112, which is positioned at the tool magazine-side tool change position J in the tool magazine 10. The arm 32 holds the tool at each position, including the tool holder-side tool change position K and the tool magazine-side tool change position J, using the gripping part 33 to perform a rotation and sliding motion, thereby changing tools.

[0072] Furthermore, the arm 32 is not limited to a double-arm type that can hold two knives at the same time, but can also be a single-arm type that can hold one knife at the same time.

[0073] Next, the construction of the tool magazine 10 will be explained in detail. Figure 3 This is the front view of the tool magazine when the tool holder is being transported. Figure 4 Viewed from behind the machine Figure 3 A 3D view of the tool magazine. Figure 5 View from the front of the machine Figure 3 A 3D view of the tool magazine. Figure 6 This is the main view of the tool magazine when reading identification parts. Figure 7 Viewed from behind the machine Figure 6 A 3D view of the tool magazine. Figure 8 View from the front of the machine Figure 6 A 3D view of the tool magazine.

[0074] In addition, Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 as well as Figure 8 In this embodiment, a tool T is mounted on the tool holder 112, which is positioned at the tool change position J on the tool magazine side. Additionally, at a transport position different from the tool change position J on the tool magazine side, only the shank portion 118 of the tool mounted on the tool holder 112 is shown (in this embodiment, a CAPTO shank).

[0075] Reference Figures 3-8 Multiple tool holders 112 are arranged on a circumference 105 centered on the rotation center axis 103. The tool change position J on the tool magazine side is positioned horizontally (in the -Z axis direction) separate from the rotation center axis 103.

[0076] The tool holder 112 has a shape for accommodating a tool shank 118. The tool holder 112 has a cylindrical shape centered on a central axis 106 parallel to the Y-axis direction. The tool is inserted into the tool holder 112 along the central axis 106. When the tool is mounted in the tool holder 112 positioned at the tool magazine-side tool change position J, Figure 1 and Figure 2 The arm 32 slides axially along the rotation center axis 104, thereby inserting the tool into the tool holder 112 along the center axis 106.

[0077] The central axis 106 is aligned with the rotational central axis of the rotating tool held in the tool holder 112. The central axis 106 is arranged on the circumference 105.

[0078] like Figure 5 As shown, an identification element 116 is provided on the cutting tool. The identification element 116 is provided on the shank portion 118 of the cutting tool.

[0079] The identification element 116 is composed of an IC chip. Information related to the cutting tool to which the identification element 116 is attached is readablely stored in the identification element 116. As an example, the identification element 116 stores the type, length, or diameter of the cutting tool, or the workpiece machining history of the tool used. Furthermore, the identification element 116 is not limited to an IC chip; for example, it could be a barcode or a QR (Quick Response) code.

[0080] The tool magazine 10 also has a reading device 121. The reading device 121 can read the identification piece 116. The reading device 121 can read the information stored in the identification piece 116.

[0081] The reading device 121 is mounted on the cylinder 126, which will be discussed later. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The column member 12 is located below the rotation center axis 103. The reading device 121 is located below the center axis 106 of the tool holder 112 positioned at the tool change position J on the tool magazine side. The reading device 121 is located outside the circumference 105 in the radial direction centered on the rotation center axis 103.

[0082] Figure 9 It means Figure 4 The rear view of the tool magazine within the area enclosed by the double-dotted line IX. Figure 10 It means Figure 9 A cross-sectional view of the tool holder. (Refer to...) Figures 3 to 10 The tool magazine 10 also has a first drive mechanism section 161 and a second drive mechanism section 171.

[0083] like Figure 8 As shown, the first drive mechanism 161 rotates the tool holder 112 about the central axis 106 so that in the tool holder 112 configured to a transport position different from the tool magazine side tool change position J, the identification member 116 is positioned at the first position Pa, and in the tool holder 112 configured to the tool magazine side tool change position J, the identification member 116 is positioned at the second position Pb, which is offset from the first position Pa in the circumferential direction of the central axis 106.

[0084] like Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, the second drive mechanism 171 moves the reading device 121 so that when the identification piece 116 is read using the reading device 121, the reading device 121 is positioned at a third position Pc opposite to the identification piece 116 positioned at the second position Pb, and when a plurality of tool holders 112 are transported using the conveying device 110, the reading device 121 is positioned at a fourth position Pd that is retracted from the tool holders 112 relative to the third position Pc.

[0085] like Figure 8As shown, the identification element 116 positioned at the first position Pa is arranged tangentially to the arrangement direction of the plurality of tool holders 112. Viewing the tool magazine 10 axially along the central axis 106 (rotation center axis 103), the identification element 116 positioned at the first position Pa is positioned overlapping the circumference 105. The identification element 116 positioned at the first position Pa is arranged circumferentially along the central axis 106 at phase positions opposite each other for adjacent tool holders 112.

[0086] The identifier 116, positioned at the second position Pb, is arranged oriented towards the outer periphery in a direction tangential to the arrangement direction of the plurality of tool holders 112. Viewing the tool magazine 10 axially along the central axis 106 (rotation center axis 103), the identifier 116, positioned at the second position Pb, is located outward in a radial direction centered on the rotation center axis 103, beyond the circumference 105. The identifier 116, positioned at the second position Pb, is arranged circumferentially along the central axis 106 at a position offset from the relative phase positions of adjacent tool holders 112.

[0087] The rotation angle of the tool holder 112 centered on the central axis 106 is in the range of greater than 0° and less than 90°. More preferably, the rotation angle of the tool holder 112 centered on the central axis 106 is in the range of greater than 0° and less than 60°, and even more preferably, it is in the range of greater than 0° and less than 30°.

[0088] like Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the reading device 121, positioned at the third position Pc, is opposite to the identification element 116, which is positioned at the second position Pb in the tool holder 112 located at the tool change position J on the tool magazine side. The reading device 121 and the identification element 116 are positioned opposite each other in the radial direction of the central axis 106 with a gap.

[0089] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 as well as Figure 8 As shown, the shortest distance between the reading device 121 positioned at the 4th position Pd and the circumference 105 is greater than the shortest distance between the reading device 121 positioned at the 3rd position Pc and the circumference 105. The shortest distance between the reading device 121 positioned at the 4th position Pd and the rotation center axis 103 is greater than the shortest distance between the reading device 121 positioned at the 3rd position Pc and the rotation center axis 103. The shortest distance between the reading device 121 positioned at the 4th position Pd and the tool holder 112 located at the tool change position J on the tool magazine side is greater than the shortest distance between the reading device 121 positioned at the 3rd position Pc and the tool holder 112 located at the tool change position J on the tool magazine side.

[0090] The reading device 121 positioned at the 4th position Pd is located below the reading device 121 positioned at the 3rd position Pc.

[0091] The reading device 121 moves between the third position Pc and the fourth position Pd in ​​a plane orthogonal to the central axis 106 (rotation center axis 103) (X-axis-Z-axis plane). The reading device 121 moves linearly between the third position Pc and the fourth position Pd. The reading device 121 moves linearly between the third position Pc and the fourth position Pd in ​​a direction orthogonal to the central axis 106 (rotation center axis 103).

[0092] The construction of the first drive mechanism section 161 and the second drive mechanism section 171 will be described in more detail. For example... Figure 10 As shown, the tool holder 112 has a housing 157, a main body 158, and a bearing 156.

[0093] The housing 157 has a cylindrical shape centered on the central axis 106. A base body 158 is disposed on the inner circumference of the housing 157. The base body 158 is made of resin. The base body 158 has an opening for inserting the shank portion 118 of the cutting tool T. A bearing 156 is inserted between the housing 157 and the support plate 111 in the radial direction of the central axis 106. The housing 157 is supported by the bearing 156 and is able to rotate about the central axis 106.

[0094] like Figure 4 , Figure 7 , Figure 9 as well as Figure 10 As shown, the first drive mechanism 161 includes an elastic member 153, a rod 151, a rod abutment 152, a cylinder 126, and a pressure plate 132.

[0095] The elastic member 153 imparts an elastic force to the tool holder 112, causing the identification member 116 to move from the second position Pb toward the first position Pa.

[0096] The elastic member 153 is composed of a helical spring. The elastic member 153 is disposed on the opposite side of the identification member 116 attached to the tool, separated from the support plate 111. The elastic member 153 is connected to the support plate 111 and the tool holder 112 (housing 157). The elastic member 153 imparts a circumferential direction to the tool holder 112 along the central axis 106. Figure 9 The elastic force (in the direction indicated by arrow 201 in the image).

[0097] Furthermore, the elastic component in this invention is not limited to a helical spring; for example, it can also be a pneumatic spring.

[0098] Rod 151 has one end 151p and another end 151q. Rod 151 extends in one direction between one end 151p and the other end 151q. Rod 151 is disposed on the opposite side of the identification member 116 attached to the tool, across the support plate 111. Rod 151 is connected to the tool holder 112 (housing 157). Rod 151 is disposed at a phase position on the opposite side of the elastic member 153, across the central axis 106.

[0099] The bar 151 is positioned across the circumference 105 with one end 151p located on the outer periphery of the circumference 105 and the other end 151q located on the inner periphery of the circumference 105. One end 151p of the bar 151 protrudes outward from the tool holder 112 (housing 157) in the radial direction toward the rotation center axis 103. The other end 151q of the bar 151 protrudes inward from the tool holder 112 (housing 157) in the radial direction toward the rotation center axis 103.

[0100] The rod abutment 152 is constructed using bolts. The rod abutment 152 is connected to the support plate 111. The rod abutment 152 is positioned opposite the other end 151q of the rod 151. As the tool holder 112 rotates around its central axis 106, the distance between the rod abutment 152 and the other end 151q of the rod 151 increases or decreases. The tool holder 112, subjected to the elastic force from the elastic member 153, moves towards... Figure 9 Rotate in the direction indicated by arrow 201. At this time, the other end 151q of the rod 151 abuts against the rod abutment 152, thereby restricting the rotation of the tool holder 112, and the identification member 116 is positioned at the first position Pa.

[0101] The piston rod 127 of cylinder 126 is configured to move forward and backward relative to the tool holder 112 positioned at the tool change position J on the tool magazine side. Cylinder 126 applies an external force to the tool holder 112, causing the identification element 116 to move from the first position Pa toward the second position Pb.

[0102] Cylinder 126 is installed at Figure 1 and Figure 2 The column member 12 is located in the middle. The cylinder 126 is disposed on the outer periphery of the support plate 111. The pressure plate 132 is mounted on the top of the piston rod 127 of the cylinder 126.

[0103] As the cylinder 126 extends, the pressure plate 132 moves closer to the tool holder 112 positioned at the tool changer J on the tool magazine side. At this time, the pressure plate 132 abuts against one end 151p of the bar 151 while simultaneously pushing the tool holder 112 towards the center axis 106. Figure 9 The arrow 202 in the diagram indicates the direction of the push. The tool holder 112, subjected to external force from cylinder 126, pushes outwards around the central axis 106. Figure 9Rotate in the direction indicated by arrow 202, thereby moving the identification element 116 from position 1 Pa to position 2 Pb.

[0104] As the cylinder 126 shortens, the pressure plate 132 retracts from the tool holder 112 positioned at the tool magazine side tool change position J. At this time, the external force exerted on the tool holder 112 by the pressure plate 132 is eliminated. The tool holder 112, subjected to the elastic force from the elastic member 153, moves about the central axis 106. Figure 9 Rotate in the direction indicated by arrow 201, thereby moving the identification element 116 from the second position Pb to the first position Pa.

[0105] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 as well as Figure 8 As shown, the second drive mechanism 171 has a cylinder 126 and a mounting plate 133.

[0106] Cylinder 126 moves reading device 121 between position 3 Pc and position 4 Pd. Reading device 121 is mounted on cylinder 126 (pressure plate 132) by means of mounting plate 133.

[0107] The reading device 121 moves closer to the tool holder 112 positioned at the tool change position J on the tool magazine side as the cylinder 126 extends. As a result, the reading device 121 moves from the fourth position Pd to the third position Pc. The reading device 121 retracts from the tool holder 112 positioned at the tool change position J on the tool magazine side as the cylinder 126 retracts. As a result, the reading device 121 moves from the third position Pc to the fourth position Pd.

[0108] In this embodiment, the first drive mechanism 161 and the second drive mechanism 171 share a cylinder 126. Alternatively, the first drive mechanism and the second drive mechanism in this invention may also have separate cylinders.

[0109] Next, the tool changing process between the tool magazine 10 and the automatic tool changer 31 will be explained. Figure 11 This is a flowchart illustrating the tool changing process between the tool magazine and the automatic tool changer. Figure 12 and Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional view showing the tool magazine and automatic tool changer during tool changing.

[0110] Reference Figure 11 and Figure 12 The tool holder 112 is transported into the tool magazine 10 (S101). Through this step, the tool holder 112, into which the tool T required for subsequent workpiece machining is inserted, is positioned at the tool change position J on the tool magazine side.

[0111] When the tool holder 112 is being transported, the reading device 121 is positioned at the fourth position Pd. The automatic tool changer 31 (arm 32) is in standby position in the Z-axis direction adjacent to the tool change position J on the tool magazine side. A gripping part 33 in the arm 32 holds the tool t.

[0112] Reference Figure 11 and Figure 13 Next, the drive cylinder 126 is extended (S102). Through this step, the identification element 116 attached to the tool T inserted into the tool holder 112 at the tool magazine-side tool change position J is moved from position 1 Pa to position 2 Pb. At this time, the identification element 116 remains positioned at position 1 Pa at a transport position different from the tool magazine-side tool change position J. Furthermore, the reading device 121 is moved from position 4 Pd to position 3 Pc. This positions the reading device 121 opposite to the identification element 116. Next, the reading device 121 reads the identification element 116 (S103).

[0113] Reference Figure 11 and Figure 12 Next, the drive cylinder 126 is shortened (S104). This step moves the identification element 116 attached to the tool T inserted into the tool holder 112 at the tool magazine side tool change position J from position 2 Pb to position 1 Pa. Additionally, the reading device 121 is moved from position 3 Pc to position 4 Pd. This causes the reading device 121 to retract from the tool holder 112.

[0114] Reference Figure 11 Next, the automatic tool changer 31 is moved from the standby position toward the tool change position K on the tool holder side (S105). Through this step, the tool T, which has been inserted into the tool holder 112, is held by another holding part 33 in the arm 32.

[0115] Next, the tool T and tool t are changed between the tool magazine 10 and the automatic tool changer 31 (S106). In this step, the tool T held by another holding part 33 in the arm 32 is pulled out from the tool holder 112 by the rotation and sliding action of the arm 32, and instead, the tool t held by one of the holding parts 33 in the arm 32 is inserted into the tool holder 112.

[0116] Next, the automatic tool changer 31 is moved from the tool change position K on the tool holder side toward the standby position (S107). Through this step, the automatic tool changer 31 (arm 32) is retracted from the tool magazine 10.

[0117] Next, the cylinder 126 is driven to extend it (S108). Next, the identification piece 116 is read using the reading device 121 (S109). Next, the cylinder 126 is driven to shorten it (S110). Through these steps, as before, at the tool change position J on the tool magazine side, the identification piece 116 attached to the newly inserted tool holder 112 is read.

[0118] Through the above steps, the tool change between the tool magazine 10 and the automatic tool changer 31 is completed.

[0119] In various tool holders such as CAPTO or HSK, the phase position of the identification element 116 is determined by the specifications. The orientation of the identification element 116, which is positioned at the tool change position J on the tool magazine side and then moved to the first position Pa, is based on its specifications.

[0120] In this embodiment, in the tool holder 112 configured at the tool change position J on the tool magazine side, the identification element 116 is positioned at a second position Pb, which is offset from the first position Pa in the circumferential direction of the central axis 106. The reading device 121 is positioned at a third position Pc, opposite to the identification element 116 positioned at the second position Pb, thereby enabling the reading device 121 to read the identification element 116. Furthermore, when multiple tool holders 112 are transported using the conveying device 110, the reading device 121 is positioned at a fourth position Pd, which is retracted from the tool holder 112 relative to the third position Pc, thereby preventing interference between the reading device 121 and the tool holder 112.

[0121] Furthermore, in order for the reading device 121 to read the identification element 116 positioned at the first position Pa, there is an idea to tilt the entire tool magazine 10 so that the identification element 116 faces the outer periphery of the rotation center axis 103 at the tool change position J on the tool magazine side. However, in this case, there is a concern that the overall height of the machine tool 100, including the tool magazine 10, may increase, or that interference may occur between the arm 32 of the automatic tool changer 31 and the tool magazine 10. Additionally, there is an idea to move the reading device 121 to the identification element 116 positioned at a phase position opposite each other on adjacent tool holders 112. However, in this case, the spacing between the tool holders 112 increases, and the tool magazine 10 becomes larger.

[0122] In this embodiment, the first drive mechanism 161 and the second drive mechanism 171 share a cylinder 126. With this structure, the number of parts in the tool magazine 10 can be reduced, thereby lowering manufacturing costs.

[0123] Furthermore, during tool changing between the tool magazine 10 and the automatic tool changer 31 (S106), the identification member 116 is positioned at the first position Pa. With this structure, the orientation of the tools during tool changing between the tool magazine 10 and the automatic tool changer 31 can be the same.

[0124] Furthermore, during tool changing between the tool magazine 10 and the automatic tool changer 31 (S106), the reading device 121 is positioned at the fourth position Pd. This structure prevents the reading device 121 from interfering with the automatic tool changer 31 during tool changing between the tool magazine 10 and the automatic tool changer 31.

[0125] like Figure 13 As shown, a notch 134 is provided on the mounting plate 133. When the arm 32 of the automatic tool changer 31 is positioned in the standby position and the reading device 121 is positioned in the third position Pc, the gripping part 33 in the arm 32 is disposed in the notch 134.

[0126] With this structure, the standby position of the automatic tool changer 31 can be set closer to the tool change position K on the tool holder side, while preventing mutual interference between the tool magazine 10 and the automatic tool changer 31.

[0127] Summarizing the above description of the construction of the tool magazine 10 and machine tool 100 in the embodiments of the present invention, the tool magazine 10 in this embodiment includes: a conveying device 110 having a plurality of tool holders 112 as tool holding parts for conveying the plurality of tool holders 112 for inserting tools along a central axis 106 which is a predetermined axis, and holding the tools so that they can be detached; a reading device 121 for reading the identification element 116 attached to the tool from the tool holder 112 which is conveyed to the tool magazine-side tool change position J, which is a predetermined conveying position; and a first drive mechanism 161 for rotating the tool holder 112 about the central axis 106 so as to be configured to a position different from the tool magazine-side tool change position J. In the tool holder 112 at the transport position, the identification element 116 is positioned at the first position Pa. In the tool holder 112 configured at the tool change position J on the tool magazine side, the identification element 116 is positioned at the second position Pb, which is offset from the first position Pa in the circumferential direction of the central axis 106. The second drive mechanism 171 moves the reading device 121 so that when the identification element 116 is read using the reading device 121, the reading device 121 is positioned at the third position Pc, which is opposite to the identification element 116 positioned at the second position Pb. When multiple tool holders 112 are transported using the transport device 110, the reading device 121 is positioned at the fourth position Pd, which is retracted from the tool holder 112 relative to the third position Pc.

[0128] Furthermore, the machine tool 100 in this embodiment includes a tool magazine 10 and an automatic tool changer 31 for inputting and outputting tools relative to the tool magazine 10. The tool change position J on the tool magazine side corresponds to the position of the tool magazine 10 and the automatic tool changer 31 for tool changing.

[0129] Furthermore, the predetermined transport position in this invention can also be a transport position of the tool holder 112 other than the tool change position J on the tool magazine side. In this case, the reading device 121 reads the identification element 116 at a different position than the tool change between the tool magazine 10 and the automatic tool changer 31.

[0130] In addition, the present invention can also be applied to tool magazines that house tools mounted on tool spindles in machining centers or combination machine tools, and is not limited to tool magazines that house tools mounted on tool holders.

[0131] It should be considered that the embodiments disclosed herein are illustrative in all respects and not restrictive. The scope of the invention is defined not by the foregoing description but by the claims, and is intended to include all modifications within the same meaning and scope as the claims.

[0132] Industrial availability

[0133] This invention is applicable to tool magazines for machine tools.

[0134] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0135] 10. Tool magazine; 11. Machine base; 12, 13. Column component; 14. Support frame; 21. Spindle table; 31. Automatic tool changer; 32. Arm; 33. Handling part; 51. Tool post; 52. Turret; 56. Tool post base; 57. Saddle; 61. Tool holder; 61S. First tool holder; 61T. Second tool holder; 100. Machine tool; 101. Rotation center axis; 102, 103, 104. Slewing center axis; 105. Circumference; 106, 210, 211. Center axis; 110. Conveying device; 111. Support plate; 112. Tool holder; 113. Motor; 116. Identification element ; 118. Tool holder; 121. Reading device; 126. Cylinder; 127. Piston rod; 132. Pressure plate; 133. Mounting plate; 134. Notch; 141. Release cylinder; 151. Rod; 151p. One end; 151q. The other end; 152. Rod abutment; 153. Elastic member; 156. Bearing; 157. Housing; 158. Seat body; 161. First drive mechanism; 171. Second drive mechanism; J. Tool change position on the tool magazine side; K. Tool change position on the tool holder side; Pa. First position; Pb. Second position; Pc. Third position; Pd. Fourth position; T, t. Tool; W. Workpiece machining position.

Claims

1. A tool magazine, comprising: A conveying device having a plurality of tool holders for conveying the plurality of tool holders, wherein a tool is inserted along a predetermined axis and the tool is held in a way that allows for detachment; A reading device for reading an identification element attached to the tool in the tool holder when the tool is conveyed to a predetermined conveying position; The first drive mechanism rotates the tool holding part about the predetermined axis so that, in the tool holding part configured to a delivery position different from the predetermined delivery position, the identification element is positioned at a first position, and in the tool holding part configured to the predetermined delivery position, the identification element is positioned at a second position that is offset from the first position in the circumferential direction of the predetermined axis. as well as The second drive mechanism moves the reading device such that, when reading the identification element, the reading device is positioned at a third position opposite to the identification element positioned at the second position; and when conveying multiple tool holders using the conveying device, the reading device is positioned at a fourth position retracted from the tool holders relative to the third position. The first drive mechanism has: An elastic member provides an elastic force to the tool holder in a direction that causes the identification element to move from the second position toward the first position; and A cylinder, which is configured to move forward and backward relative to the tool holder positioned at the predetermined delivery position, applies an external force to the tool holder in a direction that causes the identification member to move from the first position toward the second position.

2. The tool magazine according to claim 1, wherein, The second drive mechanism has a cylinder that moves the reading device between the third position and the fourth position.

3. The tool magazine according to claim 1, wherein, The first drive mechanism and the second drive mechanism share a cylinder that is configured to move forward and backward relative to the tool holding part arranged in the predetermined delivery position. The cylinder applies an external force to the tool holding part in a direction that causes the identification member to move from the first position toward the second position, and moves the reading device between the third position and the fourth position.

4. The tool magazine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The plurality of said tool holders are arranged in the circumferential direction. The identification element positioned at the first location is arranged in a tangential direction toward the arrangement direction of the plurality of tool holders. The identification element, positioned at the second location, is arranged in a manner that is on the outer periphery of the tangential direction relative to the arrangement direction of the plurality of tool holders.

5. A machine tool comprising: The tool magazine according to claim 1 or 2; and An automatic tool changer, which inputs and outputs tools relative to the tool magazine, The predetermined transport position corresponds to the tool changing position where the tool magazine and the automatic tool changer exchange tools.

6. The machine tool according to claim 5, wherein, When changing tools between the tool magazine and the automatic tool changer, the identification element is positioned at the first position.

7. The machine tool according to claim 5, wherein, During tool changing between the tool magazine and the automatic tool changer, the reading device is positioned at the fourth position.

Images