A multi-air channel grain cleaning test bench with automatic air volume adjustment function

Abstract

A multi-air channel grain cleaning test bench with an automatic air volume adjustment function comprises a cleaning mechanism, a wind selection mechanism assembly, a power assembly, a frame assembly, a recovery assembly, a main control cabinet and a feeding assembly; the cleaning mechanism comprises an upper screen, a lower screen and a draft remover; the wind selection mechanism assembly comprises a large crossflow fan and a small crossflow fan; the power assembly comprises an upper screen power assembly, a lower screen power assembly, a large fan power assembly and a small fan power assembly; the recovery assembly comprises a grain box and a metering device, and a debris collection and metering device; the feeding assembly comprises a conveyor assembly, a bottom frame assembly, an upper baffle and a universal wheel. This test bench has a dual-fan dual-air duct structure. By adjusting the vibration frequency, amplitude, and vibration mode of the upper and lower cleaning screens, adjusting the direction of the air duct opening, air volume, feed volume, replacing the upper and lower cleaning screens and other key parameters, the optimal parameter combination of the grain cleaning device can be determined, and the evaluation of operating indicators can be achieved by recovering grains, debris and weighing. This test bench can provide a basis for the design, improvement and parameter selection of cleaning components of grain harvesters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery harvesting, and in particular to a multi-wind channel grain cleaning test bench with an automatic air volume adjustment function. Background Art

[0002] At present, grain harvesters mainly use wind screen type grain cleaning devices, which generally have problems such as large loss rate and high impurity rate, which seriously affect the operation effect of the harvester and cannot meet the actual needs of agricultural harvesting. The optimization of the cleaning device needs to be targeted at different varieties to meet the needs of various working conditions. The traditional grain grain cleaning test bench has relatively single functions and has the following shortcomings:

[0003] (1) The upper and lower cleaning screens on the traditional cleaning test table cannot move independently and can only vibrate at the same frequency;

[0004] (2) The traditional cleaning test bench has only one fan, which cannot effectively test and optimize the air duct, and cannot adjust the air volume;

[0005] (3) The traditional cleaning test bench cannot weigh the grain feed amount, the effective grain cleaning amount and the impurity quality, cannot evaluate the cleaning efficiency, and cannot adjust the cleaning parameters according to the cleaning efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a multi-air duct grain cleaning test bench with an automatic air volume adjustment function. The upper and lower cleaning screens on the test bench can move completely independently, and the amplitude and frequency of the upper and lower cleaning screens can be adjusted separately without interfering with each other. It has a dual-fan dual-air duct structure, and the air volume and wind speed are adjustable. The grain feed amount, the effective grain cleaning amount and the impurity quality can be measured during the cleaning process, so as to study the influence of the air duct design and the length of the cleaning screen on the cleaning effect under different parameter conditions, and provide an effective basis for designing efficient and low-loss cleaning devices.

[0007] A multi-air channel grain grain cleaning test bench with an automatic air volume adjustment function, comprising a cleaning mechanism, an air selection mechanism assembly, a power assembly, a frame assembly, a recovery assembly, a main control cabinet and a feeding assembly;

[0008] The cleaning mechanism is installed at the upper end of the frame assembly, the air selection mechanism assembly is installed below the cleaning mechanism inside the frame assembly, the power assembly is installed at the rear side of the air selection mechanism assembly, the recovery assembly is fixed to the lower bottom plate at the front of the frame assembly and the cleaning screen outlet, the main control cabinet is placed on the ground outside the frame assembly, and the feeding assembly is installed at the rear of the frame assembly.

[0009] The cleaning mechanism comprises an upper screen, a lower screen, a draft remover and an upper cover plate;

[0010] The wind selection mechanism assembly includes a large crossflow fan, a small crossflow fan and a wind speed sensor;

[0011] The small crossflow fan is installed below the draft remover and behind the upper screen; the large crossflow fan is installed below the small crossflow fan; the wind speed sensor is installed between the upper screen outlet and the lower screen outlet;

[0012] The maximum measuring range of the wind speed sensor is not less than 20m / s.

[0013] The large crossflow fan, small crossflow fan, upper screen, lower screen and upper cover plate together constitute a double-fan double-duct system, the upper cover plate and upper screen constitute an upper duct, and the upper screen and lower screen constitute a lower duct. When working, the large crossflow fan and the small crossflow fan operate simultaneously, and the airflow formed by the air outlet of the large crossflow fan can reach the upper and lower ducts at the same time, and the wind speed, air volume and wind direction can be adjusted. The airflow formed by the air outlet of the small crossflow fan flows horizontally along the upper duct, which strengthens the wind force in the upper duct, and the wind speed of the large crossflow fan and the small crossflow fan is controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the large crossflow fan and the small crossflow fan.

[0014] The crossflow large fan comprises a large fan housing, a large fan positioning bracket, a large fan blade assembly, a large fan mounting bracket, an outer spherical bearing seat, an upper air duct air volume adjustment mechanism, and a lower air duct air volume adjustment mechanism;

[0015] The crossflow large fan housing is fixed below the crossflow small fan inside the frame through a large fan positioning bracket and a large fan mounting bracket. The main shaft of the large fan blade assembly passes through the center of the volute of the large fan housing, is connected to the outer spherical bearing seat on the large fan housing through a bearing, and then connected to the transmission lower screen belt pulley, and then connected to the transmission upper screen belt pulley on the large fan motor through the large fan transmission belt; the upper air duct air volume adjustment mechanism and the lower air duct air volume adjustment mechanism are respectively installed on the side panels on both sides of the air outlet of the large fan housing;

[0016] The maximum permissible rotation speed of the large crossflow fan is not less than 1200 rpm.

[0017] The upper duct air volume adjustment mechanism includes an upper duct air volume adjustment motor, an upper duct limit device, an upper duct limit switch, an upper duct air volume adjustment flap, an upper duct flap main shaft, and an upper duct reducer;

[0018] The upper duct air volume adjustment flap is fixed on the upper duct flap main shaft, and then fixed on the left outer wall of the large fan housing air outlet; the upper duct reducer input shaft is connected to the upper duct air volume adjustment motor main shaft through a flat key, and the output shaft is connected to the upper duct flap main shaft through a flat key; the upper duct limit device and the upper duct limit switch are installed on the left outer wall of the large fan housing air outlet, located between the upper duct reducer and the housing.

[0019] The downwind air volume adjustment mechanism includes a downwind air volume adjustment flap main shaft, a downwind air volume reducer, a downwind air volume adjustment motor, a downwind air volume limit device, a downwind air volume limit switch, and a downwind air volume adjustment flap;

[0020] The downwind air volume adjustment flap is fixed on the downwind air volume adjustment flap main shaft, and then fixed on the right outer wall of the large fan housing air outlet; the downwind air volume reduction device input shaft is connected to the downwind air volume adjustment motor main shaft through a flat key, and the output shaft is connected to the downwind air volume adjustment flap main shaft through a flat key; the downwind air volume limit device and the downwind air volume limit switch are installed on the right outer wall of the large fan housing air outlet, and are located between the downwind air volume reduction device and the housing;

[0021] The upper duct air volume regulating motor and the lower duct air volume regulating motor are both stepping motors, and the angle adjustment range of the upper duct air volume regulating flap and the lower duct air volume regulating flap is 0-90°.

[0022] The crossflow small fan comprises a small fan housing, a small fan positioning bracket, a fan blade bearing seat, and a small fan blade assembly;

[0023] The small fan housing is fixed above the crossflow large fan inside the frame through a small fan positioning bracket, the main shaft of the small fan blade assembly passes through the center of the volute of the small fan housing, is connected to the blade bearing seat through a bearing, and then connected to the small fan drive pulley, and then connected to the small fan motor pulley on the small fan motor through the small fan drive belt; the blade bearing seat is fixed to the small fan positioning bracket by bolts;

[0024] The maximum permissible rotation speed of the crossflow small fan is not less than 1500 rpm.

[0025] The power assembly includes an upper screen power assembly, a lower screen power assembly, a large fan power assembly, and a small fan power assembly;

[0026] The upper screen power assembly includes an upper screen chain, an upper screen sprocket, an upper screen pulley, an upper screen V-belt, an upper screen motor, an upper screen gearbox, a chain tensioning device, and an upper screen crank connecting rod;

[0027] The upper screen motor is fixed at the rear end of the frame base, one end of the upper screen gearbox is connected to the main shaft of the upper screen motor through the upper screen pulley and the upper screen V-belt, and the other end is connected to the crank connecting rod through the upper screen sprocket and the upper screen chain, thereby transmitting power to the upper screen.

[0028] The lower screen power assembly includes a gearbox, a lower screen motor, a lower screen V-belt, a lower screen pulley, a lower screen sprocket, a lower screen chain, and a lower screen crank connecting rod;

[0029] The lower screen motor is fixed on the frame base in front of the crossflow fan. One end of the lower screen gearbox is connected to the main shaft of the lower screen motor through the lower screen pulley and the lower screen V-belt, and the other end is connected to the lower screen crank connecting rod through the lower screen sprocket and the lower screen chain to transmit power to the lower screen.

[0030] The upper screen motor and the lower screen motor are both three-phase asynchronous variable frequency motors with a frequency conversion range of 5-50Hz, and the vibration frequency range of the upper screen and the lower screen is controlled to be 0.5-6Hz.

[0031] The large fan power assembly includes a large fan motor, a transmission upper screen belt wheel, a large fan transmission belt, and a transmission lower screen belt wheel;

[0032] The large fan motor is fixed at the rear end of the frame base, and is connected to the transmission lower screen belt wheel through the transmission upper screen belt wheel and the large fan transmission belt, so as to transmit power to the crossflow large fan.

[0033] The small fan power assembly includes a small fan motor pulley, a small fan transmission belt, a small fan transmission pulley, and a small fan motor;

[0034] The small fan motor is fixed in front of the large fan motor in the middle of the frame base, and is connected to the small fan motor pulley through the small fan motor pulley and the small fan drive belt to transmit power to the crossflow small fan;

[0035] The large fan motor and the small fan motor are both three-phase asynchronous variable frequency motors with a frequency conversion range of 0-50Hz. The speed range of the large fan motor driving the large crossflow fan is 0-1000rpm, and the speed range of the small fan motor driving the small crossflow fan is 0-1500rpm.

[0036] The recovery assembly comprises a grain box and a metering device, and a debris collection and metering device; the grain box and the metering device are fixed on the lower bottom plate at the front of the frame assembly, and the debris collection and metering device is placed on the ground in front of the cleaning screen assembly.

[0037] The grain box and metering device include a grain collection box I fixed below the cleaning screen, a table weighing instrument I, a grain collection box II, and a table weighing instrument II;

[0038] The grain collection box I is placed directly below the front outlet of the lower sieve grains, and the grain collection box II is placed directly below the rear outlet of the lower sieve grains, and the two boxes are placed side by side; the table weighing instrument I and the table weighing instrument II are respectively fixed on the bottom plate of the frame assembly below the grain collection box I and the grain collection box II;

[0039] The maximum measuring range of the benchtop weighing instrument I and benchtop weighing instrument II is not less than 300kg.

[0040] The debris collection and metering device includes an air outlet barrel, a debris collection bag, and a debris weighing instrument;

[0041] The air outlet barrel is fixed around the air outlet of the cleaning mechanism by bolts, and the debris collection bag is connected to the air outlet barrel and placed on the debris weighing instrument;

[0042] The maximum measuring range of the sundries weighing instrument is not less than 500kg.

[0043] The feeding assembly includes a variable frequency asynchronous motor, a belt transmission mechanism, a chain transmission mechanism, a transmission, a conveyor assembly, a chassis assembly, an upper baffle, a metering sensor and a universal wheel;

[0044] The variable frequency asynchronous motor is installed on the chassis assembly, the variable frequency asynchronous motor is connected to one end of the transmission through a belt transmission mechanism, the other end of the transmission is connected to the transmission shaft of the conveyor assembly through a chain transmission mechanism, the upper conveyor assembly and the upper baffle are supported on the chassis assembly through the metering sensor assembly, the upper baffle is installed on the support frame of the conveyor assembly by bolt connection, and four identical universal wheels are installed at the four corners of the bottom of the chassis assembly and fixed by bolt connection;

[0045] The maximum measuring range of the metering sensor is not less than 500kg, and the feed amount adjustment range is 1-10kg / s.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0047] 1. The upper and lower cleaning screens on the test bench can move completely independently, and the amplitude and vibration frequency of the upper and lower cleaning screens can be adjusted separately without interfering with each other;

[0048] 2. The test bench has a dual-fan dual-air duct structure, and the wind speed of each fan can be adjusted individually. The wind direction and air volume of the large fan can be adjusted, which can determine the optimal parameter combination of the grain cleaning device;

[0049] 3. The grain feed amount, effective grain cleaning amount and impurity mass can be measured during the cleaning process, and the grain loss rate during the cleaning process can be calculated, so as to study the influence of air duct design and cleaning screen length on the cleaning effect under different parameter conditions, and provide an effective basis for designing efficient and low-loss cleaning equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] Figure 1 is the general assembly diagram of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cleaning mechanism of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the air selection mechanism assembly of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the dual-fan dual-duct of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 5 This is the general assembly drawing of the large crossflow fan of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the upper air duct air volume adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the downwind air volume adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 8 The crossflow small fan of the present invention;

[0058] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the upper screen power assembly of the present invention;

[0059] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lower screen power assembly of the present invention;

[0060] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of a large wind turbine power assembly of the present invention;

[0061] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of a small fan power assembly of the present invention;

[0062] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grain box and the metering device of the present invention;

[0063] Fig.14 It is a structural schematic diagram of the debris collection and metering device of the present invention;

[0064] Fig.15 It is the general assembly drawing of the feeding assembly of the present invention.

[0065] The accompanying drawings are denoted as follows:

[0066] A cleaning mechanism B wind selection mechanism assembly

[0067] C Powertrain D Frame Assembly

[0068] E Recycling assembly F Main control cabinet

[0069] G Feeding assembly

[0070] A1 upper screen A2 lower screen

[0071] A3 walker A4 cover

[0072] B1 large crossflow fan B2 small crossflow fan

[0073] B3 Wind Speed ​​Sensor

[0074] C1 upper screen power assembly C2 lower screen power assembly

[0075] C3 large fan powertrain C4 small fan powertrain

[0076] E1 Seed box and metering device E2 Debris collection and metering device

[0077] G1 frequency asynchronous motor G2 belt transmission mechanism

[0078] G3 chain drive mechanism G4 transmission

[0079] G5 conveyor assembly G6 chassis assembly

[0080] G7 upper baffle G8 metering sensor

[0081] G9 universal wheel

[0082] B11 large fan housing B12 large fan positioning bracket

[0083] B13 large fan blade assembly B14 large fan mounting bracket

[0084] B15 outer spherical bearing seat B16 air duct air volume adjustment mechanism

[0085] B17 Downwind Air Volume Adjustment Mechanism

[0086] B21 small fan housing B22 small fan positioning bracket

[0087] B23 fan blade bearing seat B24 small fan blade assembly

[0088] C11 upper screen chain C12 upper screen sprocket

[0089] C13 upper screen pulley C14 upper screen V-belt

[0090] C15 upper screen motor C16 upper screen gearbox

[0091] C17 chain tensioner C18 upper screen crank connecting rod

[0092] C21 Lower Screen Gearbox C22 Lower Screen Motor

[0093] C23 lower screen triangle belt C24 lower screen pulley

[0094] C25 lower screen sprocket C26 lower screen chain

[0095] C27 lower screen crank connecting rod

[0096] C31 large fan motor C32 drive upper screen pulley

[0097] C33 large fan drive belt C34 drive lower screen pulley

[0098] C41 small fan drive pulley C42 small fan drive belt

[0099] C43 small fan motor pulley C44 small fan motor

[0100] E11 Grain Collection Box I E12 Table Scale I

[0101] E13 Grain Collection Box II E14 Table Scale II

[0102] E21 air outlet bucket E22 debris collection bag

[0103] E23 sundries weighing instrument

[0104] B161 Upper air duct air volume adjustment motor B162 Upper air duct limit device

[0105] B163 Upper air duct limit switch B164 Upper air duct air volume adjustment flap

[0106] B165 upper air duct flap spindle B166 upper air duct reducer

[0107] B171 Downwind duct flap spindle B172 Downwind duct reducer

[0108] B173 Downwind air volume adjustment motor B174 Downwind air limit device

[0109] B175 Downwind duct limit switch B176 Downwind duct air volume adjustment flap Specific implementation methods

[0110] See also Figure 1 , a multi-air channel grain grain cleaning test bench with an automatic air volume adjustment function, comprising a cleaning mechanism A, an air selection mechanism assembly B, a power assembly C, a frame assembly D, a recovery assembly E, a main control cabinet F and a feeding assembly G;

[0111] The cleaning mechanism A is installed at the upper end of the frame assembly D, the air selection mechanism assembly B is installed below the cleaning mechanism A inside the frame assembly D, the power assembly C is installed at the rear side of the air selection mechanism assembly, the recovery assembly E is fixed to the lower bottom plate at the front of the frame assembly D and the outlet of the cleaning screen F, the main control cabinet F is placed on the external ground of the frame assembly D, and the feeding assembly G is installed at the rear of the frame assembly D.

[0112] See also Figure 2 The cleaning mechanism A comprises an upper screen A1, a lower screen A2, a draft remover A3, and an upper cover plate A4;

[0113] The upper screen A1 is hoisted at the upper front end of the frame assembly D, the lower screen A2 is hoisted below the upper screen A1, the draft remover A3 is installed at the upper rear of the upper screen A1 and connected to the upper screen A1 by bolts, and the upper cover plate A4 covers the upper surface of the upper screen A1.

[0114] See also Figure 3 , the wind selection mechanism assembly B includes a large crossflow fan B1, a small crossflow fan B2 and a wind speed sensor B3;

[0115] The small crossflow fan B2 is installed below the wind shaker A3 and behind the upper screen A1; the large crossflow fan B1 is installed below the small crossflow fan B2; and the wind speed sensor B3 is installed between the outlet of the upper screen A1 and the outlet of the lower screen A2.

[0116] See also Figure 4 The upper screen A1, the lower screen A2, the upper cover plate A4, the large crossflow fan B1 and the small crossflow fan B2 together constitute a double-fan double-duct system, wherein the upper cover plate A4 and the upper screen A1 constitute an upper duct, and the upper screen A1 and the lower duct constitute a lower duct. When working, the large crossflow fan B1 and the small crossflow fan B2 operate simultaneously, and the airflow formed by the air outlet of the large crossflow fan B1 can reach the upper and lower air ducts at the same time, and the wind speed, air volume and wind direction can be adjusted. The airflow formed by the air outlet of the small crossflow fan B2 flows horizontally along the upper air duct, which strengthens the wind force in the upper air duct, and the wind speed of the large crossflow fan B1 and the small crossflow fan B2 is controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the large crossflow fan B1 and the small crossflow fan B2.

[0117] See also Figure 5 The crossflow large fan B1 includes a large fan housing B11, a large fan positioning bracket B12, a large fan blade assembly B13, a large fan mounting bracket B14, an outer spherical bearing seat B15, an upper duct air volume adjustment mechanism B16, and a lower duct air volume adjustment mechanism B17;

[0118] The large crossflow fan casing B11 is fixed below the small crossflow fan B2 inside the frame D through a large fan positioning bracket B12 and a large fan mounting bracket B14; the main shaft of the large fan blade assembly B13 passes through the center of the volute of the large fan casing B11, is connected to the outer spherical bearing seat B15 on the large fan casing B11 through a bearing, and then is connected to the transmission lower screen pulley C34, and then is connected to the transmission upper screen pulley C32 on the large fan motor C31 through the large fan transmission belt C33; the upper duct air volume adjustment mechanism B16 and the lower duct air volume adjustment mechanism B17 are respectively installed on the side panels on both sides of the air outlet of the large fan casing B11.

[0119] See also Figure 6The upper air duct air volume adjustment mechanism B16 includes an upper air duct air volume adjustment motor B161, an upper air duct limit device B162, an upper air duct limit switch B163, an upper air duct air volume adjustment flap B164, an upper air duct flap main shaft B165, and an upper air duct reducer B166;

[0120] The upper duct air volume adjustment flap B164 is fixed on the upper duct flap main shaft B165, and further fixed on the left outer wall of the large fan housing B11 air outlet; the input shaft of the upper duct reducer B166 is connected to the main shaft of the upper duct air volume adjustment motor B161 through a flat key, and the output shaft is connected to the upper duct flap main shaft B165 through a flat key; the upper duct limit device B162 and the upper duct limit switch B163 are installed on the left outer wall of the large fan housing B11 air outlet, and are located between the upper duct reducer B166 and the housing B11.

[0121] See also Figure 7 The downwind air volume adjustment mechanism B17 includes a downwind air volume adjustment flap main shaft B171, a downwind air volume reducer B172, a downwind air volume adjustment motor B173, a downwind air volume limit device B174, a downwind air volume limit switch B175, and a downwind air volume adjustment flap B176;

[0122] The down duct air volume adjustment flap B176 is fixed on the down duct flap main shaft B171, and further fixed on the right outer wall of the air outlet of the large fan housing B11; the input shaft of the down duct reducer B172 is connected to the main shaft of the down duct air volume adjustment motor B173 through a flat key, and the output shaft is connected to the down duct flap main shaft B171 through a flat key; the down duct limit device B174 and the down duct limit switch B175 are installed on the right outer wall of the air outlet of the large fan housing B11, and are located between the down duct reducer B172 and the housing B11.

[0123] See also Figure 8 The cross-flow small fan B2 includes a small fan housing B21, a small fan positioning bracket B22, a fan blade bearing seat B23, and a small fan blade assembly B24;

[0124] The small fan housing B21 is fixed above the large cross-flow fan B1 inside the frame D through a small fan positioning bracket B22. The main shaft of the small fan blade assembly B24 passes through the center of the volute of the small fan housing B21, is connected to the blade bearing seat B23 through a bearing, and then connected to the small fan drive pulley C41, and then connected to the small fan motor pulley C43 on the small fan motor C44 through the small fan drive belt C42; the blade bearing seat B23 is fixed to the small fan positioning bracket B22 by bolts.

[0125] See also Fig. 9The upper screen power assembly C1 includes an upper screen chain C11, an upper screen sprocket C12, an upper screen pulley C13, an upper screen V-belt C14, an upper screen motor C15, an upper screen gearbox C16, a chain tensioning device C17, and an upper screen crank connecting rod C18;

[0126] The upper screen motor C15 is fixed at the rear end of the frame base. One end of the upper screen gearbox C16 is connected to the main shaft of the upper screen motor C15 through the upper screen pulley C13 and the upper screen V-belt C14, and the other end is connected to the crank connecting rod C18 through the upper screen sprocket C12 and the upper screen chain C11, thereby transmitting power to the upper screen A1.

[0127] See also Fig.10 The lower screen power assembly C2 includes a lower screen gearbox C21, a lower screen motor C22, a lower screen V-belt C23, a lower screen pulley C24, a lower screen sprocket C25, a lower screen chain C26, and a lower screen crank connecting rod C27;

[0128] The lower screen motor C21 is fixed on the frame base in front of the crossflow fan B2. One end of the lower screen gearbox C21 is connected to the main shaft of the lower screen motor C22 through the lower screen pulley C24 and the lower screen V-belt C23, and the other end is connected to the lower screen crank connecting rod C27 through the lower screen sprocket C25 and the lower screen chain C26 to transmit power to the lower screen A2.

[0129] See also Fig.11 The large fan power assembly C3 includes a large fan motor C31, a transmission upper screen pulley C32, a large fan transmission belt C33, and a transmission lower screen pulley C34;

[0130] The large fan motor C31 is fixed at the rear end of the frame base. The large fan motor C31 is connected to the transmission lower screen belt pulley C34 through the transmission upper screen belt pulley C32 and the large fan transmission belt C33, and transmits power to the crossflow large fan B1.

[0131] See also Fig.12 The small fan power assembly C4 includes a small fan drive pulley C41, a small fan drive belt C42, a small fan motor pulley C43, and a small fan motor C44;

[0132] The small fan motor C44 is fixed in front of the large fan motor C31 in the middle of the frame base, and is connected to the small fan drive pulley C41 through the small fan motor pulley C43 and the small fan drive belt C42, so as to transmit power to the crossflow small fan B2.

[0133] The recovery assembly E includes a grain box and metering device E1, and a debris collection and metering device E2; the grain box and metering device E1 are fixed on the lower bottom plate at the front of the frame assembly D, and the debris collection and metering device E2 is placed on the ground in front of the cleaning screen assembly A.

[0134] See also Fig.13 The grain box and metering device E1 include a grain collecting box IE11 fixed below the cleaning screen, a table weighing instrument I E12, a grain collecting box II E13, and a table weighing instrument II E14;

[0135] The grain collecting box IE11 is placed directly below the front outlet of the lower sieve grains, and the grain collecting box II E13 is placed directly below the rear outlet of the lower sieve grains, and the two boxes are placed side by side; the desktop weighing instrument IE12 and the desktop weighing instrument II E14 are respectively fixed on the bottom plate of the frame assembly D below the grain collecting box IE11 and the grain collecting box II E13.

[0136] See also Fig.14 The debris collection and metering device E2 includes an air outlet barrel E21, a debris collection bag E22, and a debris weighing instrument E23;

[0137] The air outlet barrel E21 is fixed around the air outlet of the cleaning mechanism A by bolts, and the debris collection bag E22 is connected to the air outlet barrel E21 and placed on the debris weighing instrument E23.

[0138] See also Fig.15 The feeding assembly G includes a variable frequency asynchronous motor G1, a belt transmission mechanism G2, a chain transmission mechanism G3, a transmission G4, a conveyor assembly G5, a chassis assembly G6, an upper baffle G7, a metering sensor G8 and a universal wheel G9;

[0139] The variable frequency asynchronous motor G1 is installed on the chassis assembly G6. The variable frequency asynchronous motor G1 is connected to one end of the transmission B4 through a belt drive mechanism G2. The other end of the transmission G4 is connected to the transmission shaft of the conveyor assembly G5 through a chain drive mechanism G3. The upper conveyor assembly G5 and the upper baffle G7 are supported on the chassis assembly G6 through the metering sensor assembly G8. The upper baffle G7 is installed on the support frame of the conveyor assembly G5 by bolt connection. Four identical universal wheels G9 are installed at the four corners of the bottom of the chassis assembly G6 and fixed by bolt connection.

[0140] Working principle of the present invention

[0141] See also Figures 1 to 4The working principle of the whole machine of the present invention is as follows: the present invention comprises two crossflow fans, a large crossflow fan B1 and a small crossflow fan B2, which together with the upper screen A1, the lower screen A2 and the upper cover plate A4 form a double fan double air duct system, wherein the upper cover plate A4 and the upper screen A1 form the upper air duct, and the upper screen A1 and the lower screen A2 form the lower air duct; after the power is connected, the upper screen A1 and the draft remover A3 vibrate independently back and forth under the drive of the upper screen power assembly C1, and the lower screen A2 vibrates independently back and forth under the drive of the lower screen power assembly C2; the unscreened grains are fed into the total The grains are sent to the draft remover A3 and enter the upper air duct under the vibration of the draft remover A3. The strong airflow generated by the large crossflow fan B1 can directly separate the lighter impurities from the grains, and the heavier impurities float in the upper air duct under the vibration of the upper screen A1, and are quickly discharged from the impurity discharge port under the wind force of the small crossflow fan B2, which can effectively improve the cleaning efficiency; after passing through the upper screen A1, the grains continue to fall into the lower air duct and are separated again under the airflow of the large crossflow fan B1. The grains are collected into the grain collection box IE11 and the grain collection box IE12 through the collecting slope under the lower screen, and the impurities in the two air ducts are gathered together and fall into the debris collection bag E22 through the air outlet barrel E21.

[0142] See also Figure 5 and Fig.11 The working principle of the crossflow large fan B1 of the present invention is as follows: the large fan housing B11 is fixed below the crossflow small fan B2 inside the frame D through the large fan positioning bracket B12 and the large fan mounting bracket B14, and the main shaft of the large fan blade assembly B13 passes through the center of the volute of the large fan housing B11, and is connected to the outer spherical bearing seat B15 on the large fan housing B11 through the bearing; after the large fan motor C31 is connected to the power, the large fan blade assembly B13 is driven to rotate through the transmission upper screen pulley C32 and the large fan transmission belt C33 to generate wind force; the upper air duct air volume adjustment mechanism B16 and the lower air duct air volume adjustment mechanism B17 are installed on the side panels on both sides of the air outlet of the large fan housing B11, and can adjust the air volume of the upper and lower air ducts respectively.

[0143] See also Figure 6The working principle of the upper air duct air volume adjustment mechanism B16 of the present invention is as follows: the upper air duct air volume adjustment motor B161 is connected to the upper air duct reducer B166 input shaft through a flat key, and the upper air duct reducer B166 output shaft is connected to the upper air duct flap main shaft B165 through a flat key, thereby pushing the upper air duct air volume adjustment flap B164 to flip, changing the air volume of the upper air duct, and also can change the upper air duct by manually turning the upper air duct air volume adjustment flap B164 Air volume; the upper air duct limit device B162 and the upper air duct limit switch B163 are installed on the left outer wall of the air outlet of the large fan housing B11, located between the upper air duct reducer B166 and the large fan housing B11, and move synchronously with the upper air duct air volume adjustment flap B164 to play a limit protection role; when the upper air duct air volume adjustment flap B164 flips to the limit position, the upper air duct limit switch B163 is triggered, and the upper air duct air volume adjustment motor B161 stops rotating;

[0144] See also Figure 7 The working principle of the down duct air volume adjustment mechanism B17 of the present invention is as follows: the down duct air volume adjustment motor B173 is connected to the input shaft of the down duct reducer B172 through a flat key, and the output shaft of the down duct reducer B172 is connected to the down duct flap main shaft B171 through a flat key, thereby pushing the down duct air volume adjustment flap B176 to flip, thereby changing the air volume of the down duct, and the down duct air volume adjustment flap B176 can also be manually turned to change the air volume; the down duct limit device B174 is installed on the right side plate of the down duct limit, located between the down duct reducer B172 and the large fan housing B11, and moves synchronously with the down duct air volume adjustment flap B176 to play a limiting protection role; when the down duct air volume adjustment flap B176 flips to the extreme position, the down duct limit switch B175 is triggered, and the down duct air volume adjustment motor B173 stops rotating.

[0145] See also Figure 8 and Fig.12 The working principle of the small fan power assembly C4 of the present invention is as follows: the small fan motor C44 is fixed in front of the large fan motor C31 in the middle of the frame base, and is connected to the small fan drive pulley C41 through the small fan motor pulley C43 and the small fan drive belt C42, and the power is transmitted to the crossflow small fan B2.

[0146] See also Fig. 9 The working principle of the upper screen power assembly C1 of the present invention is as follows: the upper screen motor C15 is fixed at the rear end of the frame base, one end of the upper screen gearbox C16 is connected to the main shaft of the upper screen motor C15 through the upper screen pulley C13 and the upper screen V-belt C14, and the other end is connected to the upper screen crank connecting rod C18 through the upper screen sprocket C12 and the upper screen chain C11, and then the power is transmitted to the upper screen A1. The vibration frequency of the upper screen A1 can be independently controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the upper screen motor C15.

[0147] See also Fig.10 The working principle of the lower screen power assembly C2 of the present invention is as follows: the lower screen motor C21 is fixed on the frame base in front of the crossflow fan B2, one end of the lower screen gearbox C21 is connected to the main shaft of the lower screen motor C22 through the lower screen pulley C24 and the lower screen V-belt C23, and the other end is connected to the lower screen crank connecting rod C27 through the lower screen sprocket C25 and the lower screen chain C26, thereby transmitting power to the lower screen A2, and the vibration frequency of the lower screen A2 can be independently controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the lower screen motor C21.

[0148] See also Fig.13 The working principle of the grain box and the metering device E1 of the present invention is as follows: the screened grains falling from the lower sieve A2 fall into the grain collecting box IE11 and the grain collecting box II E13 respectively; the mass of the collected grains in the two grain collecting boxes can be measured respectively by the table weighing instrument IE12 and the table weighing instrument II E14 under the grain collecting box IE11 and the grain collecting box II E13. If the mass difference between the two boxes is large, the length of the cleaning mechanism A may be too long or the air volume and wind speed are not enough, so it can be analyzed whether the length design of the cleaning mechanism A matches the parameters such as the air volume and wind speed.

[0149] See also Fig.14 The working principle of the debris collection and metering device E2 of the present invention is as follows: the debris collection bag E22 is fixed around the air outlet of the cleaning mechanism A by bolts, and is connected to the air outlet barrel E21 and placed on the debris weighing instrument E23. The debris blown out from the upper and lower air ducts enters the debris collection bag E22 through the air outlet barrel E21. The mass of the debris collection bag E22 can be measured by the debris weighing instrument E23, and compared with the mass of the grains measured by the grain box and the metering device E1, the cleaning efficiency can be evaluated.

[0150] See also Fig.15 The working principle of the feeding assembly G of the present invention is as follows: the feeding assembly G includes a variable frequency asynchronous motor G1, a belt transmission mechanism G2, a chain transmission mechanism G3, a transmission G4, a conveyor assembly G5, a chassis assembly G6, an upper baffle G7, a metering sensor G8 and a universal wheel G9;

[0151] The uncleaned grains are dumped into the conveyor assembly G5, and the variable frequency asynchronous motor G1 drives the conveyor assembly G5 to rotate through the belt drive mechanism G2, the transmission G4, and the chain drive mechanism G3, thereby conveying the grains to the grain walker A3. During the conveying process, the metering sensor assembly G8 can measure the total amount of grain input into the grain walker A3, subtract the impurity mass of the debris weighing instrument E23, the grain box and the grain mass measured by the metering device E1, and then calculate the loss mass of the cleaning process, obtain the cleaning loss rate, and evaluate the cleaning loss in the cleaning process.

Claims

1. A multi-air channel grain cleaning test bench with automatic air volume adjustment function, characterized in that: The test bench includes a cleaning mechanism (A), an air separation mechanism assembly (B), a power assembly (C), a frame assembly (D), a recovery assembly (E), a main control cabinet (F) and a feeding assembly (G); The cleaning mechanism (A) is installed at the upper end of the frame assembly (D), the air selection mechanism assembly (B) is installed below the cleaning mechanism (A) inside the frame assembly (D), the power assembly (C) is installed at the rear side of the air selection mechanism assembly (B), the recovery assembly (E) is fixed at the exit of the lower bottom plate at the front of the frame assembly (D), the main control cabinet (F) is placed on the ground outside the frame assembly (D), and the feeding assembly (G) is installed at the rear of the frame assembly (D); The cleaning mechanism (A) comprises an upper screen (A1), a lower screen (A2), a draft remover (A3), and an upper cover plate (A4); The upper screen (A1) is hoisted at the upper front end of the frame assembly (D), the lower screen (A2) is hoisted below the upper screen (A1), the draft remover (A3) is installed at the upper rear of the upper screen (A1) and connected to the upper screen (A1) by bolts, and the upper cover plate (A4) covers the upper surface of the upper screen (A1); The wind selection mechanism assembly B comprises a large crossflow fan (B1), a small crossflow fan (B2) and a wind speed sensor (B3); The small crossflow fan (B2) is installed below the draft remover (A3) and behind the upper screen (A1), the large crossflow fan (B1) is installed below the small crossflow fan (B2), and the wind speed sensor (B3) is installed between the outlet of the upper screen (A1) and the outlet of the lower screen (A2); The maximum measuring range of the wind speed sensor (B3) is not less than 20m / s; The power assembly (C) includes an upper screen power assembly (C1), a lower screen power assembly (C2), a large fan power assembly (C3), and a small fan power assembly (C4); The recovery assembly (E) comprises a grain box and a metering device (E1), and a debris collection and metering device (E2). The grain box and the metering device (E1) are fixed on the lower bottom plate at the front of the frame assembly (D), and the debris collection and metering device (E2) is placed on the ground in front of the cleaning mechanism (A); The crossflow large fan (B1) comprises a large fan housing (B11), a large fan positioning bracket (B12), a large fan blade assembly (B13), a large fan mounting bracket (B14), an outer spherical bearing seat (B15), an upper air duct air volume adjustment mechanism (B16), and a lower air duct air volume adjustment mechanism (B17); The large fan housing (B11) is fixed below the cross-flow small fan (B2) inside the frame assembly (D) through a large fan positioning bracket (B12) and a large fan mounting bracket (B14); the main shaft of the large fan blade assembly (B13) passes through the center of the volute of the large fan housing (B11), is connected to the outer spherical bearing seat (B15) on the large fan housing (B11) through a bearing, and is further connected to the transmission lower screen belt pulley (C34), and is then connected to the transmission upper screen belt pulley (C32) on the large fan motor (C31) through a large fan transmission belt (C33); the upper air duct air volume adjustment mechanism (B16) and the lower air duct air volume adjustment mechanism (B17) are respectively installed on the side panels on both sides of the air outlet of the large fan housing (B11); The maximum permissible rotation speed of the large crossflow fan (B1) is not less than 1200 rpm; The upper air duct air volume adjustment mechanism (B16) comprises an upper air duct air volume adjustment motor (B161), an upper air duct limit device (B162), an upper air duct limit switch (B163), an upper air duct air volume adjustment flap (B164), an upper air duct flap main shaft (B165), and an upper air duct reducer (B166); The upper duct air volume regulating flap (B164) is fixed on the upper duct flap main shaft (B165), and further fixed on the left outer wall of the air outlet of the large fan housing (B11); the upper duct reducer (B166) input shaft is connected to the upper duct air volume regulating motor (B161) main shaft through a flat key, and the output shaft is connected to the upper duct flap main shaft (B165) through a flat key; the upper duct limit device (B162) and the upper duct limit switch (B163) are installed on the left outer wall of the air outlet of the large fan housing (B11), and are located between the upper duct reducer (B166) and the large fan housing (B11); The downwind air volume adjustment mechanism (B17) comprises a downwind air volume adjustment flap main shaft (B171), a downwind air volume reducer (B172), a downwind air volume adjustment motor (B173), a downwind air volume limit device (B174), a downwind air volume limit switch (B175), and a downwind air volume adjustment flap (B176); The downwind air volume regulating flap (B176) is fixed on the downwind air volume regulating flap main shaft (B171), and further fixed on the right outer wall of the air outlet of the large fan housing (B11); the downwind air volume reducing device (B172) input shaft is connected to the downwind air volume regulating motor (B173) main shaft through a flat key, and the output shaft is connected to the downwind air volume regulating motor (B173) main shaft through a flat key; the downwind air volume limiting device (B174) and the downwind air volume limiting switch (B175) are installed on the right outer wall of the air outlet of the large fan housing (B11), and are located between the downwind air volume reducing device (B172) and the large fan housing (B11); The upper duct air volume regulating motor (B161) and the lower duct air volume regulating motor (B173) are stepping motors, and the angle adjustment range of the upper duct air volume regulating flap (B164) and the lower duct air volume regulating flap (B176) is 0-90°; The crossflow small fan (B2) comprises a small fan housing (B21), a small fan positioning bracket (B22), a fan blade bearing seat (B23), and a small fan blade assembly (B24); The small fan housing (B21) is fixed above the crossflow large fan (B1) inside the frame assembly (D) through a small fan positioning bracket (B22); the main shaft of the small fan blade assembly (B24) passes through the center of the volute of the small fan housing (B21), is connected to the blade bearing seat (B23) through a bearing, and is further connected to the small fan drive pulley (C41), and is then connected to the small fan motor pulley (C43) on the small fan motor (C44) through a small fan drive belt (C42); the blade bearing seat (B23) is fixed to the small fan positioning bracket (B22) by bolts; The maximum permissible rotation speed of the crossflow small fan (B2) is not less than 1500 rpm.

2. A multi-air channel grain cleaning test bench with automatic air volume adjustment function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The upper screen power assembly (C1) includes an upper screen chain (C11), an upper screen sprocket (C12), an upper screen pulley (C13), an upper screen V-belt (C14), an upper screen motor (C15), an upper screen gearbox (C16), a chain tensioning device (C17), and an upper screen crank connecting rod (C18); The upper screen motor (C15) is fixed to the rear end of the frame base, one end of the upper screen gearbox (C16) is connected to the main shaft of the upper screen motor (C15) through the upper screen pulley (C13) and the upper screen V-belt (C14), and the other end is connected to the upper screen crank connecting rod (C18) through the upper screen sprocket (C12) and the upper screen chain (C11); The lower screen power assembly (C2) comprises a lower screen gearbox (C21), a lower screen motor (C22), a lower screen V-belt (C23), a lower screen pulley (C24), a lower screen sprocket (C25), a lower screen chain (C26), and a lower screen crank connecting rod (C27); The lower screen motor (C22) is fixed on the frame base in front of the crossflow fan (B1); one end of the lower screen gearbox (C21) is connected to the main shaft of the lower screen motor (C22) through the lower screen pulley (C24) and the lower screen V-belt (C23); the other end is connected to the lower screen crank connecting rod (C27) through the lower screen sprocket (C25) and the lower screen chain (C26); The upper screen motor (C15) and the lower screen motor (C22) are both three-phase asynchronous variable frequency motors with a frequency conversion range of 5-50Hz, and the vibration frequency range of the upper screen (A1) and the lower screen (A2) is controlled to be 0.5-6Hz.

3. The multi-airway grain cleaning test bench with automatic air volume adjustment function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The large fan power assembly (C3) includes a large fan motor (C31), a transmission upper screen pulley (C32), a large fan transmission belt (C33), and a transmission lower screen pulley (C34); The large fan motor (C31) is fixed at the rear end of the frame base, and the large fan motor (C31) is connected to the transmission lower screen belt wheel (C34) through the transmission upper screen belt wheel (C32) and the large fan transmission belt (C33), so as to transmit power to the crossflow large fan (B1); The small fan power assembly (C4) comprises a small fan drive pulley (C41), a small fan drive belt (C42), a small fan motor pulley (C43), and a small fan motor (C44); The small fan motor (C44) is fixed in front of the large fan motor (C31) in the middle of the frame base, and is connected to the small fan drive pulley (C41) through the small fan motor pulley (C43) and the small fan drive belt (C42), so as to transmit power to the crossflow small fan (B2); The large fan motor (C31) and the small fan motor (C44) are both three-phase asynchronous variable frequency motors with a frequency conversion range of 0-50Hz. The speed range of the large crossflow fan (B1) driven by the large fan motor (C31) is 0-1000rpm, and the speed range of the small crossflow fan (B2) driven by the small fan motor (C44) is 0-1500rpm.

4. The multi-airway grain cleaning test bench with automatic air volume adjustment function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The grain box and metering device (E1) comprises a grain collecting box I (E11) fixed below the cleaning screen, a table weighing instrument I (E12), a grain collecting box II (E13), and a table weighing instrument II (E14); The grain collecting box I (E11) is placed directly below the front outlet of the lower sieve (A2), and the grain collecting box II (E13) is placed directly below the rear outlet of the lower sieve (A2), and the two boxes are placed side by side; the table weighing instrument I (E12) and the table weighing instrument II (E14) are respectively fixed on the bottom plate of the frame assembly (D) below the grain collecting box I (E11) and the grain collecting box II (E13); The maximum measuring range of the benchtop weighing instrument I (E12) and benchtop weighing instrument II (E14) is not less than 300 kg.

5. The multi-airway grain cleaning test bench with automatic air volume adjustment function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The debris collection and measurement device (E2) includes an air outlet barrel (E21), a debris collection bag (E22), and a debris weighing instrument (E23); The air outlet barrel (E21) is fixed around the air outlet of the cleaning mechanism (A) by bolts, and the debris collection bag (E22) is connected to the air outlet barrel (E21) and placed on the debris weighing instrument (E23); The maximum measuring range of the sundries weighing instrument (E23) is not less than 500kg.

6. The multi-airway grain cleaning test bench with automatic air volume adjustment function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding assembly (G) includes a variable frequency asynchronous motor (G1), a belt transmission mechanism (G2), a chain transmission mechanism (G3), a transmission (G4), a conveyor assembly (G5), a chassis assembly (G6), an upper baffle (G7), a metering sensor (G8) and a universal wheel (G9); The variable frequency asynchronous motor (G1) is installed on the chassis assembly (G6), the variable frequency asynchronous motor (G1) is connected to one end of the transmission (G4) through a belt transmission mechanism (G2), the other end of the transmission (G4) is connected to the transmission shaft of the conveyor assembly (G5) through a chain transmission mechanism (G3), the conveyor assembly (G5) and the upper baffle (G7) are supported on the chassis assembly (G6) through a metering sensor assembly (G8), the upper baffle (G7) is installed on the support frame of the conveyor assembly (G5) by bolt connection, and four identical universal wheels (G9) are installed at the four corners of the bottom of the chassis assembly (G6) and fixed by bolt connection; The maximum measuring range of the metering sensor (G8) is not less than 500kg, and the feed amount adjustment range is 1-10kg / s.

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