A processing method for thin-walled parts with special-shaped surfaces

Abstract

The present invention relates to a processing method for thin-walled parts with special-shaped surfaces, which belongs to the field of mechanical processing technology and solves the technical problem of low overall efficiency when using existing shape correction devices and clamping fixtures. The processing method includes: detecting the parts to be processed and obtaining the deformation data of the part profile; determining the parts with deformation within ±0.8mm; placing the clamping member, the part deformation compensation member, and the part described in step 2 on the carrier from top to bottom in sequence, and completely exposing the hole processing part of the part; realizing the shape correction of the part by the clamping member, the part deformation compensation member and the carrier; during or after the shape correction process, the five-axis hole of the part is processed under the clamping and fixing of the clamping member, the part deformation compensation member and the carrier. High-efficiency processing of thin-walled parts is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical processing, and in particular to a processing method for thin-walled parts with special-shaped surfaces. Background Art

[0002] The part used for aviation products is a high-temperature alloy fairing dimensional cover plate with a hollow structure in the middle. It is used to be installed on the outer surface of aerospace devices to guide airflow so that the airflow passes through the surface of aerospace devices at a certain angle. The wall thickness of the outer surface of this part is ultra-thin, and the part is usually prepared by 3D printing. However, most of the printed parts are deformed on both sides, and there is a risk of the part being crushed when processing the five-axis hole.

[0003] The existing method of shape correction is to support both sides of the part by bonding a support rod, such as Figure 7 As shown, this method can only change the size of the part's closing portion, cannot guarantee the effective surface shape of the part, and may even cause greater deformation.

[0004] At present, during the processing, the clamping of the high-temperature alloy fairing dimensional cover plate is generally performed by using a pressing plate and a top block to fix the parts, such as Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the top block fixes the movement of the part on the workbench surface, and the pressure plate presses the part on the workbench surface. However, due to the different deformation of each part, the top block support position needs to be adjusted according to the part. The pressure plate has excessive pressure, which causes the part to deform. Due to stress concentration, even if a copper sheet is placed at the sharp point, thin-walled parts will still be crushed.

[0005] In summary, when the existing shape correction device and clamping tooling are used, the overall efficiency is low. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above analysis, an embodiment of the present invention aims to provide a method for processing thin-walled parts with special-shaped surfaces, such as molded parts of high-temperature alloy fairing dimensional cover plates. After the high-temperature alloy fairing dimensional cover plates are formed, five-axis holes need to be processed at their specified positions to solve the technical problem of low overall efficiency when using existing correction devices and clamping tooling.

[0007] On the one hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for processing thin-walled parts with special-shaped surfaces, comprising:

[0008] Step 1: Detect the parts to be processed and obtain the deformation data of the part surface;

[0009] Step 2: Determine the parts whose deformation is within ±0.8mm;

[0010] Step 3: Place the pressing part, the part deformation compensation part, and the part described in step 2 on the carrier from top to bottom in sequence, and completely expose the hole processing part of the part;

[0011] Step 4: Correct the shape of the part through the clamping parts, the part deformation compensation parts and the bearing parts;

[0012] Step 5: During or after the calibration process, the five-axis hole of the part is processed under the clamping and fixation of the clamping parts, the part deformation compensation parts and the bearing parts.

[0013] Furthermore, before step 1, the method further includes the following steps:

[0014] Step 01: Get the standard size information of the parts;

[0015] Step 02: Based on the acquired size information of the part, design auxiliary tooling, which includes a clamping part, a part deformation compensation part, and a bearing part.

[0016] Furthermore, the step 3 comprises:

[0017] S301: Fit the parts onto the outer surface of the bearing part and align the parts;

[0018] S302: installing the rubber pad and the pressing piece in sequence, and aligning the rubber pad and the pressing piece;

[0019] S303: Fasten the pressing member to the bearing member.

[0020] Furthermore, two bosses are provided on the outer surface of the bearing member to support and position the parts and the pressing member;

[0021] Wherein, the boss includes a bearing surface, a matching surface and a pressing surface, the bearing surface abuts against the end surface of the part; the end of the inner profile of the part abuts against the matching surface;

[0022] Among them, the clamping member is provided with a fixing surface adapted to the clamping surface, the fixing surface is provided with a threaded through hole, and the supporting member is provided with a threaded hole. When the clamping member is aligned and installed on the supporting member, the fixing surface abuts against the clamping surface, and the threaded through hole is aligned with the threaded hole on the supporting member.

[0023] Furthermore, in step S301, the bearing surface and the mating surface of the boss are used to support and position the end of the part.

[0024] Furthermore, in the step S302, it includes:

[0025] S3021: After aligning the width center of the part deformation compensation member with the pressing member, aligning the position of the part deformation compensation member so that the center of the part deformation compensation member coincides with the center of the part;

[0026] S3022: Fit the fixing surface of the pressing member to the pressing surface of the supporting member so that the threaded through hole on the pressing member is aligned with the threaded hole on the supporting member.

[0027] Furthermore, the outer profile of the bearing member is matched with the inner profile of the part; and the inner profile of the pressing member is matched with the outer profile of the part.

[0028] Furthermore, the part deformation compensation member is a non-rigid body and can achieve telescopic deformation in its thickness direction.

[0029] Furthermore, the gap d between the inner surface of the pressing member and the outer surface of the part satisfies:

[0030] d=0.8*H

[0031] Wherein, H is the thickness of the part deformation compensation piece, which is 2-3mm.

[0032] Furthermore, the maximum deformation A of the part deformation compensation member satisfies:

[0033] A=H*k

[0034] 0.8<(1-k)*H<1.4

[0035] Among them, H is the thickness of the part deformation compensation part, which is 2-3mm;

[0036] k is the maximum compression ratio of the part deformation compensation component.

[0037] Furthermore, in step 1, the bearing member and the pressing member are used to detect the deformation of the surface of the part to be processed, and parts with large deformation are removed.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0039] 1. The present invention first obtains the surface deformation data of the part to be processed, and preliminarily eliminates the parts that do not meet the use requirements to avoid useless work; and uses the clamping parts, the part deformation compensation parts, and the supporting parts to calibrate the parts. During the calibration process or after the calibration is completed, there is no need to disassemble the parts, and the subsequent hole processing can be carried out by reloading the fixture. Under the clamping and fixation of the clamping parts, the five-axis hole processing of the parts is carried out synchronously or immediately. On the one hand, it can reduce the probability of parts being damaged due to clamping, and on the other hand, it can avoid the parts being deformed and / or damaged again due to unloading the parts and then reloading the fixture, while improving the overall production efficiency.

[0040] 2. The present invention is based on standard size data of a certain type of parts, and is designed with a carrier and a clamping member that follow the inner and outer surfaces of the parts. When in use, the inner surface of the part fits on the outer surface of the carrier, and the clamping member is located above the part and is tightly connected to the carrier. In order to reduce the probability of damage to the part, a part deformation compensation member is provided between the carrier and the clamping member. In this way, the inner and outer surfaces of the part deformation compensation member are respectively fitted with the outer surface of the part and the inner surface of the clamping member. The part deformation compensation member is deformed by force in the thickness direction thereof, which can not only achieve extrusion buffering of the parts and protect the parts, but also provide deformation compensation for the part's outer surface in the thickness direction of the part deformation compensation member to provide deformation space for the part's outer surface to adapt to parts of different sizes.

[0041] 3. The clamping force generated by the inner surface of the clamping part is transferred to the outer surface of the part through the part deformation compensation part, so as to extrude the outer surface of the part. In this way, the parts with slightly deformed outer surfaces can be corrected and clamped, which reduces the chance of part damage and improves the overall production efficiency.

[0042] 4. The present invention utilizes bearing parts, clamping parts and part deformation compensation parts to achieve clamping and fixing of parts, which is convenient for alignment processing. Compared with clamping alignment, it not only overcomes the problem of easy deformation of parts, but also reduces the alignment time from more than 60 minutes to less than 5 minutes, and the alignment efficiency is increased by more than 12 times.

[0043] 5. During processing, the two side surfaces of the carrier are used as the processing reference surface to quickly locate the processing position. In this way, it is only necessary to align the carrier on the machine tool, which reduces the time for clamping and alignment and is not restricted by the site.

[0044] 6. Through the squeezing of the parts by the clamping parts, the bearing parts play a role in micro-correcting the inner surface of the parts. The part deformation compensation parts can adapt to the deformation of the outer surface of the parts, so as to avoid the deformation caused by the parts processing process, resulting in the matching clamping parts and parts no longer being compatible, thereby avoiding damage to the parts and reducing the impact of the parts processing errors on the clamping process.

[0045] In the present invention, the above-mentioned technical solutions can also be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combination solutions. Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the subsequent description, and some advantages can become obvious from the description, or can be understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the contents particularly pointed out in the description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] The drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be considered limiting of the present invention. Like reference symbols denote like components throughout the drawings.

[0047] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the processing method of the special-shaped thin-walled parts of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of the pressing member, parts, bearing member and rubber pad in the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bearing member in the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of parts in the present invention;

[0051] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressing member in the present invention;

[0052] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rubber pad in the present invention;

[0053] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a part correction device in the prior art;

[0054] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a clamping device for parts in the prior art.

[0055] Reference numerals:

[0056] 1- clamping member; 101- fixing surface; 102- threaded through hole; 2- bearing member; 201- boss; 2011- bearing surface; 2012- mating surface; 2013- clamping surface; 202- threaded hole; 203- machining reference surface; 3- rubber pad; 4- part; 401- position of the five-axis hole to be machined; 5- bolt; 6- pressure plate; 7- support rod; 8- workbench. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings constitute a part of this application and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0058] Parts protection is an essential part of all product machining processes and is crucial to the subsequent use of the product. Because the parts are thin-walled parts, once they are crushed, it will affect the performance of the parts. Severe crushing may even make the parts unusable, affecting the product delivery cycle.

[0059] A part used in aviation products is a high-temperature alloy fairing dimensional cover plate with a hollow structure in the middle. It is used to be installed on the outer surface of aerospace devices to guide airflow so that the airflow passes through the surface of aerospace devices at a certain angle. The wall thickness of the part is 0.4mm and the length is 370mm. The wall thickness of the outer surface of the part is ultra-thin, only 0.4mm. The part is usually prepared by 3D printing to obtain a part with a spatial structure. The spatial lattice structure of the part is used to achieve airflow guidance, but most of the printed parts are deformed on both sides, and there is a risk of the part being crushed when processing the five-axis hole.

[0060] Among them, bolts are used to fix the parts on the aerospace devices at the five-axis hole positions of the parts. Since the surfaces of aerospace devices are mostly special-shaped surfaces, when the parts are installed on the aerospace devices, the five-axis holes have a certain angle in the space, and the parts cannot be simply machined in one direction by a drill. The machining of the holes is limited by the structure of the parts themselves, which increases the difficulty of machining and places higher requirements on the clamping of the parts.

[0061] In addition, it is generally necessary to process the front and rear end faces and 9 five-axis holes of the part, that is, after the front and rear surfaces of the part are processed, the 9 five-axis holes of the part are processed. However, it is difficult to process the holes of the part, and the single-side allowance is only 1mm. Once a deviation occurs, it will cause hole leakage. Therefore, when processing the holes, it is necessary to use processing tooling to clamp the parts. However, due to the ultra-thin wall thickness of the part and the high surface requirements of the part, the surface requirement is ±0.3mm, and the traditional clamping method will cause pressure damage to the outer surface of the part.

[0062] However, the existing shape correction device cannot be used during hole processing, that is, a separate clamping tool must be designed to clamp the parts, which affects the overall production efficiency. Therefore, in order to improve the hole processing efficiency of the high-temperature alloy fairing dimensional cover plate, it is urgent to find a method that can realize micro-shape correction of thin-walled parts and realize hole processing during the clamping process.

[0063] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for processing thin-walled parts with special-shaped surfaces, comprising:

[0064] Step 1: Detect the parts to be processed and obtain the deformation data of the part surface;

[0065] Step 2: Determine the parts whose deformation is within ±0.8mm;

[0066] Step 3: Place the pressing part, the part deformation compensation part, and the part described in step 2 on the carrier from top to bottom in sequence, and completely expose the hole processing part of the part;

[0067] Step 4: Correct the shape of the part through the clamping parts, the part deformation compensation parts and the bearing parts;

[0068] Step 5: During or after the calibration process, the five-axis hole of the part is processed under the clamping and fixation of the clamping parts, the part deformation compensation parts and the bearing parts.

[0069] Compared with the prior art, the present invention extrude the inner and outer surfaces of the part 4 through the clamping member 1, the part deformation compensation member and the supporting member 2, can perform follow-up correction on the part 4 with slightly deformed outer surface, and can realize clamping and fixing the part 4 during or after the shaping process, so that during or after the shaping process, there is no need to unload the part 4 and then reload the fixture to carry out subsequent hole processing. Under the clamping and fixation of the clamping member 1, the part deformation compensation member and the supporting member 2, the five-axis hole processing of the part 4 is carried out synchronously or immediately. The tooling structure provided by the present invention can, on the one hand, reduce the probability of part 4 being damaged due to clamping, and on the other hand, avoid the re-deformation and / or damage of the part caused by unloading the part 4 and then reloading the fixture, thereby improving the overall production efficiency.

[0070] Wherein, before step 1, the method further includes the following steps:

[0071] Step 01: Get the standard size information of the parts;

[0072] Step 02: Based on the acquired size information of the part, design auxiliary tooling, which includes a clamping part, a part deformation compensation part, and a bearing part.

[0073] The outer profile of the carrier 2 is matched with the inner profile of the component 4 ; the inner profile of the pressing component 1 is matched with the outer profile of the component 4 .

[0074] The part deformation compensation member is a non-rigid body, which can realize telescopic deformation in the thickness direction, so as to prevent the pressing member 1 from directly pressing the part 4 on the carrier 2 and damaging the part 4.

[0075] That is to say, when the part deformation compensation component is subjected to pressure, it will expand and contract and deform, giving the outer surface of the part 4 a certain placement space in the space covered by the part deformation compensation component, and cooperating with the clamping member 1, the part 4 can be squeezed and fixed.

[0076] Among them, in case of deformation of the outer surface of part 4, the deformation of part 4 is compensated by using the part deformation compensation part, giving the outer surface of part 4 a certain deformation space, and in conjunction with the clamping part 1, micro-adjustment of the part can be achieved.

[0077] That is to say, when the outer surface of part 4 is deformed, the outer surface of part 4 does not match the inner surface of the clamping member 1, and there is a risk of crushing part 4. At this time, the part deformation compensation part placed between the clamping member 1 and part 4 is used to compensate for the part deformation.

[0078] Among them, the clamping member 1, the part deformation compensation member, the part 4 and the supporting member 2 are assembled in sequence in the vertical direction, and the convex surface of the arc-shaped surface of the part 4 faces upward; the upper end surfaces of the clamping member 1, the part deformation compensation member, the part 4 and the supporting member 2 are respectively their outer surfaces, and the lower end surfaces of the clamping member 1, the part deformation compensation member, the part 4 and the supporting member 2 are respectively their inner surfaces.

[0079] Specifically, in step 01, a three-dimensional model of part 4 is obtained by three-dimensional scanning of part 4, and size information of part 4 is obtained from the three-dimensional model.

[0080] Among them, the part 4 is a standard part, based on which the size information of this type of part 4 is obtained.

[0081] Specifically, in step 02, if Figure 2 As shown, the auxiliary tooling includes a bearing member 2, a clamping member 1 and a part deformation compensation member.

[0082] Among them, the bearing member 2 serves as the bearing end, and its outer surface includes an arc-like segment that follows the inner surface of the part 4, and two plane segments that fit with the end of the clamping member 1, so as to support the part 4, the part deformation compensation member and the clamping member 1.

[0083] Among them, in the length direction of the arc surface of the arc-like segment, two plane segments are symmetrically distributed at both ends of the arc-like segment, so as to facilitate fastening the pressing member 1 to the supporting member 2.

[0084] Furthermore, machining reference surfaces 203 are provided on both sides of the carrier 2 so that when machining the hole of the part 4, the machining reference can be transferred to the carrier 2 to improve the alignment efficiency.

[0085] The inner and outer surfaces of the carrier 2 are distributed upward and downward, and two side surfaces perpendicular to the inner and outer surfaces are used as processing reference surfaces 203 to improve the efficiency of aligning the part 4.

[0086] When the carrier 2 is placed vertically, the two machining reference surfaces 203 are vertical surfaces.

[0087] Furthermore, a boss 201 is provided at two plane sections of the carrier 2 to support and position the part 4 and the pressing member 1 .

[0088] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, the boss 201 includes a bearing surface 2011 and a mating surface 2012 , the bearing surface 2011 and the mating surface 2012 intersect, and the angle between the bearing surface 2011 and the mating surface 2012 is an acute angle, so as to achieve support and positioning of the part 4 and overcome the influence of uneven stress distribution inside the part 4 .

[0089] Among them, after placing part 4 on the supporting member 2, the supporting surface 2011 abuts against the end face of part 4, which is used for supporting and positioning part 4, and the mating surface 2012 is an arc surface that matches with the end of the inner surface of part 4. In this way, when the clamping member 1 extrudes part 4 for fine-tuning, the end of the inner surface of part 4 abuts against the mating surface 2012, and the arc surface of the mating surface is used to reduce the influence of the extrusion force on the internal stress distribution of part 4, thereby reducing the risk of damage to part 4.

[0090] Among them, due to the uneven mass distribution of part 4 itself, the internal stress of part 4 is unevenly distributed, resulting in the risk of deformation of the arc-shaped part 4. Therefore, when the clamping member 1 extrudes part 4 for fine-tuning, the bearing surface 2011 and the mating surface 2012 are used to support and position part 4, thereby overcoming the influence of the uneven internal stress distribution of part 4.

[0091] Furthermore, the boss 201 further includes a pressing surface 2013 . During assembly, the pressing surface 2013 fits against the pressing member 1 to support and position the pressing member 1 .

[0092] The pressing surface 2013 intersects with the bearing surface 2011 and the matching surface 2012 respectively.

[0093] Further, such as Figure 2 As shown, when the part 4 is attached to the outer surface of the carrier 2, the outer surface of the carrier 2 avoids the position 401 of the five-axis hole to be processed in the width direction to avoid affecting the processing of the five-axis hole.

[0094] Specifically, Figure 4-5 As shown, the clamping member 1 serves as a fastening end, and its inner surface includes an arc-like segment that follows the outer surface of the part 4, and a fixing surface 101 that is respectively fitted with two clamping surfaces of the carrier 2. During assembly, the conforming extrusion force is transmitted to the outer surface of the part 4 through the part deformation compensation member to fasten and fine-tune the part 4.

[0095] Furthermore, threaded through holes 102 are respectively provided on the two fixing surfaces 101 of the clamping member 1, and corresponding threaded holes 203 are opened on the clamping surface 2013 of the supporting member 2. During assembly, the clamping member 1 and the supporting member 2 are fastened together by the cooperation of the bolts with the threaded through holes 102 and the threaded holes 203.

[0096] Furthermore, when the pressing member 1 is pressed against the outer surface of the part 4, the position 401 of the five-axis hole to be processed is avoided in the width direction of the pressing member 1 to avoid affecting the processing of the five-axis hole.

[0097] Furthermore, after the pressing member 1 and the part 4 are placed on the carrier 2, a gap is provided between the pressing member 1 and the part 4 for placing the part deformation compensation member.

[0098] Specifically, during assembly, the outer surface of the part deformation compensation piece contacts the clamping piece 1 and is squeezed by the clamping piece 1, and its inner surface fits onto the outer surface of the part 4 under the action of the clamping piece 1. In this way, the irregular end surfaces of the outer surface of the part 4 and the inner surface of the clamping piece 1 jointly squeeze the part deformation compensation piece to deform it. At this time, the part deformation compensation piece is compressed and shaped.

[0099] Among them, the inner surface of the clamping member 1 is a conformal structure of the outer surface of the part 4. Therefore, the clamping member 1 squeezes the part deformation compensation member, and the clamping force is transmitted to the surface of the part 4. In cooperation with the carrier 2, the micro-correction of the part 4 is achieved.

[0100] Exemplarily, the material of the part deformation compensation piece is sponge or rubber pad, the thickness of which is 2-3 mm, and the inner and outer surfaces of which are regular surfaces, that is, planes, and are used to be placed between the clamping piece 1 and the part 4.

[0101] In a possible implementation, Figure 6 As shown, the part deformation compensation member is a rubber pad 3, which can transfer the compression force generated by the inner surface of the clamping member 1 to the outer surface of the part 4 while buffering the compression force.

[0102] In this way, the deformed part of the outer surface of the part 4 squeezes the rubber pad 3, causing the rubber pad 3 to expand and contract in the thickness direction, that is, in the space covered by the rubber pad 3, a certain deformation space is given to the outer surface of the part 4. At this time, the clamping piece 1 can still achieve the extrusion and fixation of the part 4, that is, the conformal extrusion force of the clamping piece 1 is transmitted to the outer surface of the part 4 through the rubber pad 3, thereby achieving the extrusion, fixation and correction of the part 4.

[0103] After the pressing member 1 and the part 4 are placed on the carrier 2, a gap is provided between the pressing member 1 and the part 4 for placing the part deformation compensation member.

[0104] Furthermore, the gap d between the inner surface of the pressing member 1 and the outer surface of the part 4 satisfies:

[0105] d=0.8*H

[0106] Wherein, H is the thickness of the part deformation compensation piece.

[0107] Exemplarily, H is 2-3 mm, in which case d is 1.6-2.4 mm.

[0108] In this way, when the part 4 is not deformed, the part deformation compensation part is compressed in the thickness direction to transfer the extrusion force of the inner surface of the clamping part 1 to the outer surface of the part 4, thereby achieving the extrusion positioning of the part 4.

[0109] Among them, the thickness of the part deformation compensation member is selected to meet the following requirements: when clamping part 4, under the condition that part 4 is not deformed, the part deformation compensation member can transfer the extrusion pressure of the inner surface of the clamping member 1 to the outer surface of the part 4 along the shape, so as to avoid the situation that the clamping force transmitted by the inner surface of the clamping member 1 cannot be transferred to the outer end surface of the part 4 along the shape due to the part deformation compensation member being too thick, thereby affecting the fixing effect of part 4; it is also used to avoid the situation that the thickness of the part deformation compensation member is too small, thereby affecting the buffering effect on part 4 and failing to provide sufficient deformation space for the outer surface of part 4.

[0110] Furthermore, the maximum deformation A of the part deformation compensation part satisfies:

[0111] A=H*k

[0112] 0.8<(1-k)*H<1.4

[0113] Wherein, H is the thickness of the part deformation compensation part;

[0114] k is the maximum compression ratio of the part deformation compensation component.

[0115] Exemplarily, H is 2 mm, in which case k is 0.3-0.6 and A is 0.6-1.2 mm.

[0116] Thus, when the part 4 is clamped, the outer surface of the part 4 is deformed and the deformation of the part deformation compensation part is at its maximum value. At this time, the deformation of the part 4 is the same as the maximum deformation of the part deformation compensation part, that is, the maximum deformation space that the part deformation compensation part can give to the outer surface of the part 4 is the same as the deformation of the outer surface of the part 4.

[0117] Furthermore, the thickness of the part deformation compensation piece after compression can not only satisfy the requirement of transmitting the pressing force of the inner surface of the pressing piece 1 to the outer surface of the part 4, but also meet the buffering requirement of the outer surface of the part 4 to avoid crushing the part 4, and at the same time, can correct the outer surface of the deformed part 4;

[0118] Furthermore, by extruding the outer surface of the part 4 , the slightly deformed inner surface of the part 4 can be extruded onto the outer surface of the carrier 2 , thereby achieving correction of the inner surface of the part 4 .

[0119] Furthermore, when the width of the part deformation compensation piece is greater than the width of the clamping piece 1 and the rubber pad 3 is pressed against the outer surface of the part 4, the position 401 of the five-axis hole to be processed is avoided in the width direction of the part deformation compensation piece to avoid affecting the processing of the five-axis hole.

[0120] Exemplarily, the width of the part deformation compensation piece is 2-4 mm greater than the width of the pressing piece 1 .

[0121] Specifically, in step 1, the bearing member 2 and the pressing member 1 are used to detect the deformation of the surface of the part to be processed, and the part 4 with a large deformation is removed.

[0122] Among them, the detection method includes: placing part 4 on the outer surface of the carrier 2, and measuring the gap of the fitting surface with a feeler gauge to determine the deformation of the inner surface of part 4; placing the outer surface of part 4 on the clamping member 1, at this time part 4 is located at the upper end of the clamping member 1, and measuring the gap of the fitting surface with a feeler gauge to determine the deformation of the outer surface of part 4.

[0123] Specifically, in step 2, if the shape variation of the inner or outer surface of the part is within ±0.8 mm, the part meets the use requirements, and the part is further subjected to shape correction and hole processing steps.

[0124] Specifically, step 3 includes:

[0125] S301: attaching the part 4 to the outer surface of the carrier 2 and aligning the part 4;

[0126] The alignment method includes: using the bearing surface 2011 and the matching surface 2012 of the boss 201 to support and position the end of the part 4, so as to achieve alignment of the part 4.

[0127] S302: sequentially installing the part deformation compensation member and the pressing member 1, and aligning the part deformation compensation member and the pressing member 1;

[0128] Among them, after aligning the width center of the part deformation compensation part with the clamping part 1, the position of the part deformation compensation part is corrected so that the center of the part deformation compensation part coincides with the center of part 4; the fixing surface of the clamping part 1 is attached to the clamping surface of the carrier, so that the threaded through hole 102 on the clamping part is aligned with the threaded hole 202 on the carrier 2, thereby realizing the alignment of the part deformation compensation part and the clamping part 1.

[0129] S303: Fasten the pressing member 1 to the supporting member 2.

[0130] Specifically, in step 4, the clamping member 1 and the supporting member 2 are fastened together by the cooperation of the bolts with the threaded through holes 102 and the threaded holes 202, thereby driving the clamping member to be squeezed toward the part, and then driving the part deformation compensation member to be squeezed toward the part 4, so as to achieve the clamping and correction of the part.

[0131] The pressing member 1 has a certain strength and thickness to ensure that it will not deform during the process of pressing the part deformation compensation member.

[0132] Exemplarily, the average thickness of the pressing member is 5-8 mm.

[0133] Specifically, in step 5, the inner surface of the carrier 2 is mounted on a machine tool, and a processing device disposed on the machine tool is used to perform five-axis hole processing on the clamped part 4.

[0134] The processing device includes a drill, so as to perform five-axis hole processing on the part 4 using the drill.

[0135] The two side surfaces of the carrier 2 are used as machining reference surfaces 203 to determine the five-axis hole machining positions.

[0136] Compared with the prior art, the present invention is based on the standard size data of a certain type of parts, and is designed with a carrier 2 and a clamping member 1 that follow the inner and outer surfaces of the part 4. When in use, the inner surface of the part 4 is fitted on the outer surface of the carrier 2, and the clamping member 1 is located above the part 4 and is tightly connected to the carrier 2. In order to reduce the probability of damage to the part 4, a part deformation compensation member is provided between the carrier 2 and the clamping member 1. In this way, the inner and outer surfaces of the part deformation compensation member are respectively fitted with the outer surface of the part 4 and the inner surface of the clamping member 1. The part deformation compensation member is deformed by force in the thickness direction thereof, which can not only achieve extrusion buffering of the part 4 and protect the part 4, but also provide deformation compensation for the outer surface of the part 4 in the thickness direction of the part deformation compensation member, so as to provide deformation space for the outer surface of the part 4 and adapt to parts 4 of different sizes.

[0137] The clamping force generated by the inner surface of the clamping part 1 is transmitted to the outer surface of the part 4 through the part deformation compensation part, so as to extrude the outer surface of the part 4 in accordance with the shape. In this way, the part 4 with a slightly deformed outer surface can be corrected and clamped in accordance with the shape, which reduces the probability of part damage and improves the overall production efficiency.

[0138] The present invention utilizes the support member 2, the clamping member 1 and the part deformation compensation member to achieve clamping and fixing of the part 4, which is convenient for alignment processing. Compared with the clamping alignment, it not only overcomes the problem of easy deformation of the part, but also reduces the alignment time from more than 60 minutes to less than 5 minutes, and the alignment efficiency is improved by more than 12 times.

[0139] During processing, the two side surfaces of the carrier 2 are used as the processing reference surfaces 203, and the processing position can be quickly located. Therefore, it is only necessary to align the carrier 2 on the machine tool, which reduces the clamping and alignment time and is not restricted by the site.

[0140] Through the squeezing of the part 4 by the clamping member 1, the bearing member 2 plays a micro-correction role on the inner surface of the part 4. The part deformation compensation member can adapt to the deformation of the outer surface of the part 4, so as to avoid the deformation of the part 4 during the processing, which causes the matching clamping member 1 and the part 4 to no longer be compatible, thereby avoiding damage to the part 4 and reducing the influence of the processing error of the part 4 on the clamping process.

[0141] Example 1

[0142] A method for processing thin-walled parts with special-shaped surfaces, comprising:

[0143] Step 01: Get the standard size information of the parts;

[0144] Specifically, the dimensional information of the part 4 includes the shape of the inner surface of the part 4 , the shape of the outer surface of the part 4 , the shape at both ends of the part 4 , the thickness, the length, and the position 401 of the five-axis hole to be processed.

[0145] Among them, the thickness of part 4 is 0.4mm and the length is 370mm;

[0146] Wherein, the position 401 of the five-axis hole to be processed is determined based on the processing design requirements;

[0147] The three-dimensional model of the part 4 is obtained by three-dimensional scanning of the part 4, and the size information of the part 4 is obtained from the three-dimensional model.

[0148] Among them, the part 4 is a standard part, based on which the size information of this type of part is obtained.

[0149] Step 02: Design auxiliary tooling based on the obtained part size information;

[0150] Specifically, the auxiliary tooling includes a bearing component 2 , a pressing component 1 and a rubber pad 3 .

[0151] Among them, the outer surface of the carrier 2 is adapted to the inner surface of the part 4 and is used to carry the part 4; the inner surface of the carrier 2 is a plane and is used to be installed on a machine tool; when clamping, the inner surface of the part 4 fits on the outer surface of the carrier 2.

[0152] The profile accuracy requirement of the outer surface of the carrier 2 and the inner surface of the component 4 is ±0.07 mm.

[0153] Among them, the bearing member 2 serves as the bearing end, and its outer surface includes an arc-like segment that follows the inner surface of the part 4, and two plane segments that fit with the end of the clamping member 1; among them, in the arc length direction of the arc-like segment, the two plane segments are symmetrically distributed at both ends of the arc-like segment.

[0154] The inner and outer surfaces of the carrier 2 are distributed up and down, and the two side surfaces perpendicular to the inner and outer surfaces are used as the processing reference surface 203, so that the processing reference can be transferred to the carrier 2 when the part hole is processed.

[0155] When the carrier 2 is placed vertically, the two machining reference surfaces 203 are vertical surfaces.

[0156] Among them, a boss 201 is respectively provided at two plane sections of the bearing member 2, and the boss 201 includes a bearing surface 2011 and a matching surface 2012. The bearing surface 2011 and the matching surface 2012 intersect, and the angle between the bearing surface 2011 and the matching surface 2012 is an acute angle.

[0157] Among them, after the part 4 is placed on the carrier 2, the bearing surface 2011 abuts against the end face of the part 4, which is used to support and position the part 4. The mating surface 2012 is an arc surface that matches with the end of the inner surface of the part 4. In this way, when the clamping member 1 extrude the part 4 for fine-tuning, the end of the inner surface of the part 4 extrude the mating surface.

[0158] Among them, the end of the inner surface of part 4 is an arc-like shape, and when assembled, it fits with the matching surface 2012.

[0159] The boss 201 further includes a pressing surface 2013, which intersects with the bearing surface 2011 and the matching surface 2012. During assembly, the pressing surface 2013 fits with the pressing member 1 to support and position the pressing member 1.

[0160] When the part 4 is attached to the outer surface of the carrier 2 , the outer surface of the carrier 2 avoids the position 401 of the five-axis hole to be processed in the width direction to avoid affecting the processing of the five-axis hole.

[0161] The thickness of the pressing piece 1 is 5 mm and the material is 5A06.

[0162] The profile accuracy requirement of the inner surface of the clamping member 1 and the outer surface of the component 4 is ±0.2 mm.

[0163] Among them, the clamping part 1 serves as the fastening end, and its inner surface includes an arc-like segment that follows the outer surface of the part 4, and a fixing surface 101 that is respectively fitted with two clamping surfaces of the carrier 1. During assembly, the conforming extrusion force is transmitted to the outer surface of the part 4 through the rubber pad 3 to fasten and fine-tune the part 4.

[0164] Among them, threaded through holes 102 are respectively provided on the two fixing surfaces of the clamping member 1, and corresponding threaded holes 202 are opened on the clamping surface of the carrier 2. During assembly, the central axes of the threaded through holes 102 and the threaded holes 202 coincide to achieve positioning of the clamping member 1.

[0165] Among them, the central axis of the threaded through hole 102 is perpendicular to the fixing surface. At the outer surface of the clamping member 1, corresponding to the position of the fixing surface 101, the outer surface at this position is parallel to the fixing surface 101. During assembly, the clamping member 1 and the supporting member 2 are fastened together by the cooperation of the bolts with the threaded through hole 102 and the threaded hole 202.

[0166] When the pressing member 1 is pressed against the outer surface of the part 4, the position 401 of the five-axis hole to be processed is avoided in the width direction of the pressing member 1 to avoid affecting the processing of the five-axis hole.

[0167] The rubber pad 3 is located between the bearing member 2 and the pressing member 1 . During installation, the rubber pad 3 is located between the pressing member 1 and the component 4 .

[0168] Among them, the gap d between the clamping member 1 and the part 4 is 1.6mm, the thickness H of the rubber pad 3 is 2mm, the rubber pad 3 is cut from an aviation rubber plate, and the maximum compression ratio k is 0.45. For the rubber pad 3 with a thickness H of 2mm, its maximum deformation A in the thickness direction is 0.9mm. At this time, the thickness of the deformed rubber pad is 1.1mm, so that while buffering the clamping force, it can transfer the clamping force generated by the inner surface of the clamping member 1 to the outer surface of the part 4.

[0169] The width of the rubber pad 3 is 4 mm greater than that of the pressing member 1 , and when the rubber pad 3 is pressed against the outer surface of the part 4 , the position 401 of the five-axis hole to be processed is avoided in the width direction of the rubber pad 3 to avoid affecting the processing of the five-axis hole.

[0170] Among them, when the rubber pad 3 is not placed, there is a gap between the outer surface of the part 4 and the inner surface of the clamping member 1. When the rubber pad 3 is placed, theoretically, the inner and outer surfaces of the rubber pad 3 are respectively fitted with the outer surface of the part 4 and the inner surface of the clamping member 1. At this time, the rubber pad 3 is extruded by the clamping member 1, and its inner and outer surfaces are conformal structures.

[0171] Generally, the outer surface of the part 4 printed by 3D printing may be deformed. For parts whose outer surface meets the surface requirement of ±0.8mm with slight deformation, the rubber pad 3 transfers the clamping force generated by the inner surface of the clamping member 1 to the outer surface of the part 4, thereby achieving conformal correction of the part 4.

[0172] Step 1: Detect the parts to be processed and obtain the deformation data of the part surface;

[0173] Specifically, place part 4 on the outer surface of carrier 2, and measure the gap of the fitting surface with a feeler gauge to determine the deformation of the inner surface of part 4; place the outer surface of part 4 on clamping member 1, when part 4 is located at the upper end of clamping member 1, and measure the gap of the fitting surface with a feeler gauge to determine the deformation of the outer surface of part 4.

[0174] Step 2: Determine the parts with deformation within ±0.8mm

[0175] Specifically, if the shape variation of the inner or outer surface of part 4 is within ±0.8 mm, the part meets the use requirements, and the part is further subjected to shape correction and hole processing steps.

[0176] Step 3: Place the pressing part, the part deformation compensation part, and the part on the carrier from top to bottom in sequence, and completely expose the hole processing part of the part;

[0177] Specifically, they include:

[0178] S301: attaching the part 4 to the outer surface of the carrier 2 and aligning the part 4;

[0179] Among them, after the part 4 is placed on the carrier 2, the bearing surface 2011 abuts against the end face of the part 4, which is used to support and position the part 4. The mating surface 2012 is an arc surface that matches with the end of the inner surface of the part 4. In this way, when the clamping member 1 extrude the part 4 for fine-tuning, the end of the inner surface of the part 4 extrude the mating surface.

[0180] S302: installing the rubber pad 3 and the pressing member 1 in sequence, and aligning the rubber pad 3 and the pressing member 1;

[0181] Among them, after the width center of the rubber pad 3 is aligned with the clamping piece 1, the position of the rubber pad 3 is corrected so that the center of the rubber pad 3 coincides with the center of the part 4, that is, when the rubber pad 3 is pressed and fitted onto the outer surface of the part 4 by the clamping piece 1, the two ends of the rubber pad 3 are flush with the two ends of the part 4 in the length direction of the rubber pad 3.

[0182] The fixing surface of the pressing member 1 is attached to the pressing surface of the bearing member, so that the threaded through hole 102 on the pressing member is aligned with the threaded hole 202 on the bearing member 2, thereby realizing the alignment of the pressing member 1.

[0183] Among them, for the part 4 whose outer surface meets the surface requirement of ±0.3mm and is slightly deformed, or for different parts, the outer surface deformation of the part 4 is not large, the expansion and contraction of the rubber pad 3 in the thickness direction is used to compensate for the outer surface deformation value of the part 4, so that the same clamping member 1 can be used to clamp and fix multiple different parts 4.

[0184] S303: Fasten the pressing member 1 to the supporting member 2.

[0185] Among them, the fastening connection between the clamping member 1 and the supporting member 2 is achieved through the cooperation between the bolt and the threaded through hole 102 and the threaded hole 202, thereby driving the clamping member to be squeezed toward the part, and then driving the rubber pad 3 to be squeezed toward the part 4 to achieve the clamping and correction of the part.

[0186] The pressing member 1 has a certain strength and thickness to ensure that it will not be deformed during the process of pressing the rubber pad 3 .

[0187] Step 4: Correct the shape of the part through the clamping parts, the part deformation compensation parts and the bearing parts;

[0188] Specifically, the clamping member 1 and the supporting member 2 are fastened together by the cooperation of the bolts with the threaded through holes 102 and the threaded holes 202, thereby driving the clamping member to be squeezed toward the part, and then driving the part deformation compensation member to be squeezed toward the part 4, so as to achieve the clamping and correction of the part.

[0189] Step 5: During or after the calibration process, the five-axis hole of the part is processed under the clamping and fixation of the clamping parts, the part deformation compensation parts and the bearing parts.

[0190] Specifically, the inner surface of the carrier 2 is mounted on a machine tool, and a processing device disposed on the machine tool is used to perform five-axis hole processing on the clamped part 4 .

[0191] The processing device includes a drill, so as to perform five-axis hole processing on the part 4 using the drill.

[0192] Among them, for part 4 with a large deformation of the inner surface and a small deformation of the outer surface, only the carrier 2 needs to be replaced; for part 4 with a slight deformation of the inner surface and a slight deformation of the outer surface, there is no need to replace the carrier 2 and the clamping part 1. In this way, frequent design and replacement of the clamping part 1 and the carrier 2 are avoided, thereby improving the overall processing efficiency.

[0193] After the inner and outer surfaces of the part 4 are machined, the five-axis hole on the part 4 is machined. When machining the five-axis hole, the part 4 is clamped by the bearing member 2, the clamping member 1 and the rubber pad 3 to facilitate machining.

[0194] Among them, the surface deformation of ±0.3mm is slight deformation, and the surface deformation of ±0.8mm is micro deformation.

[0195] When the above method is used to process parts #01-#05, the alignment time is shortened to less than 5 minutes. When the traditional processing method is used to process parts #06-#10, the clamping and alignment time is greater than 60 minutes, and the parts are prone to change. It can be seen that the present application can significantly improve the clamping and alignment efficiency by at least 12 times, and can effectively avoid the deformation of processed parts.

[0196] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the processes of the above-mentioned embodiments can be implemented by instructing related hardware through a computer program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium is a disk, an optical disk, a read-only storage memory, or a random access memory, etc.

[0197] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for processing thin-walled parts with special-shaped surfaces, characterized in that: include: Step 1: Design auxiliary tooling according to the standard size information of the parts, inspect the parts to be processed, and obtain the deformation data of the part surface; The auxiliary tooling includes a part deformation compensation part, a bearing part and a pressing part; The part deformation compensation member is a non-rigid body and can be stretched and deformed in the thickness direction; The outer surface of the bearing member is provided with two bosses for supporting and positioning the part and the pressing member, and the outer surface thereof is adapted to the inner surface of the part; the bosses include a bearing surface, a matching surface and a pressing surface, which are respectively in contact with the end surface of the part, the end of the inner surface of the part and the fixing surface of the pressing member; The fixing surface of the clamping member is provided with a threaded through hole, which is aligned with the threaded hole on the bearing member to achieve alignment and installation of the clamping member, and its inner profile is adapted to the outer profile of the part; Step 2: Determine the parts whose deformation is within ±0.8mm; Step 3: Fit and align the parts on the outer surface of the carrier, then install and align the part deformation compensation part and the clamping part, fix the clamping part on the carrier, and completely expose the hole processing part of the part; Step 4: Correct the shape of the part through the clamping parts, the part deformation compensation parts and the bearing parts; Step 5: During or after the calibration process, the five-axis hole of the part is processed under the clamping and fixation of the clamping parts, the part deformation compensation parts and the bearing parts.

2. The processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, the parts are fitted and aligned by using the bearing surface and matching surface of the boss to support and position the end of the part.

3. The processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, installing and aligning the part deformation compensation member and the clamping member includes: S301: After aligning the width center of the part deformation compensation member and the pressing member, aligning the position of the part deformation compensation member so that the center of the part deformation compensation member coincides with the center of the part; S302: The fixing surface of the pressing member is attached to the pressing surface of the bearing member so that the threaded through hole on the pressing member is aligned with the threaded hole on the bearing member.

4. The processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gap d between the inner surface of the pressing member and the outer surface of the part satisfies: d=0.8*H Wherein, H is the thickness of the part deformation compensation piece, which is 2-3mm.

5. The processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The maximum deformation A of the part deformation compensation part satisfies: A=H*k 0.8<(1-k)*H<1.4 Among them, H is the thickness of the part deformation compensation part, which is 2-3mm; k is the maximum compression ratio of the part deformation compensation component.

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