A bridge
By setting up a precast beam structure with staggered toothed grooves on the bridge abutment, the problem of bridge use when the angle between the highway route and the river is less than 60° is solved, and low-cost and efficient construction is achieved under small-angle intersection conditions.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA RAILWAY FIFTH SURVEY & DESIGN INST GRP CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2023-03-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-30
AI Technical Summary
When the angle between the existing highway route and the river is less than 60°, the commonly used composite precast beams cannot meet the requirements, resulting in high project costs, long construction periods, and inconvenience in construction.
Design a bridge structure in which the abutment has toothed grooves arranged sequentially along the transverse direction of the bridge, the precast beams are staggered through the toothed grooves, the longitudinal side is parallel to the road direction, the transverse side has an angle with the river direction, the abutment back wall and front wall form a groove, an expansion joint is provided between the abutment back slab and the precast beam, and the piers have an oblique angle of 20-45°, forming a special support system.
In the case of small-angle intersections, the precast beam structure with staggered toothed grooves in the abutments can meet the bridge's usage requirements, reduce project costs, shorten the construction period, and improve project quality and construction convenience.
Smart Images
Figure CN116145532B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of bridge design technology, and more specifically, to a bridge. Background Technology
[0002] Highway engineering commonly uses composite precast beam structures such as composite hollow slabs and composite box girders to cross existing rivers. These bridge structures are composed of multiple precast slabs or precast beams, offering advantages such as low cost, simple operation, short construction period, and convenient construction. Their conventional pier and abutment layout is as follows: Figure 1 , 2 As shown. To reduce the water resistance ratio, the piers are generally arranged in the direction of water flow. The precast composite beams need to be designed as skewed beams, and the skew angle is generally required to be no less than 60°. The reason is that if the skew angle is too small, the acute angle side of each beam will be unfavorable to the stress, and the end concrete is prone to spalling and damage, which will cause serious hidden dangers to structural safety.
[0003] When the angle between the highway route and the river is less than 60°, the commonly used precast composite beams cannot meet the requirements. Therefore, cast-in-place frame structures are usually used to cross the river, which leads to increased project costs, longer construction periods, and inconvenience in construction. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This application provides a bridge to address the problem that commonly used precast composite beams cannot meet the usage requirements when the angle between the existing highway route and the river is less than 60°.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution:
[0006] A bridge, comprising:
[0007] The bridge abutment and several precast beams, wherein the bridge abutment has several abutment toothed grooves arranged sequentially along the transverse direction of the bridge, and the precast beam includes a longitudinal side and a transverse side, wherein a first oblique angle is provided between the longitudinal side and the transverse side, the longitudinal side is parallel to the road direction, and the transverse side is at an angle with the river direction.
[0008] One end of the precast beam is located in the toothed groove of the abutment, and each of the precast beams is staggered on the abutment through the toothed groove.
[0009] Optionally, the vertical side and the horizontal side are two sets, and the vertical side and the horizontal side are connected end to end to form a parallelogram structure;
[0010] In the transverse direction from the first end to the second end of the bridge, the transverse edge of each precast beam is moved back a predetermined distance along the longitudinal direction of the precast beam.
[0011] Optionally, the abutment includes a front wall and a back wall, the back wall and the front wall forming the toothed groove of the abutment;
[0012] The bridge abutment back wall has an installation groove on the side opposite to the bridge abutment toothed groove, and the installation groove extends laterally along the bridge abutment.
[0013] The bridge also includes a rear abutment plate, which is disposed in the mounting groove; in the longitudinal direction of the abutment, an expansion joint is provided between the rear abutment plate and the precast beam, and the expansion joint extends in a straight line along the width direction of the abutment.
[0014] Optionally, a bridge deck pavement layer and a cast-in-place layer are respectively provided above the abutment slab and the precast beam, and the bridge deck pavement layer and the cast-in-place layer are arranged sequentially from top to bottom;
[0015] The rear platform slab and the precast beam are respectively provided with reinforcing bars at opposite ends, and the rear platform slab and the precast beam are respectively fixedly connected to the cast-in-place layer through the reinforcing bars.
[0016] Optionally, the end walls of the bridge deck pavement layer and the cast-in-place layer above the abutment slab and the precast beam are arranged opposite each other to form the expansion joint;
[0017] Furthermore, pre-reserved slots are provided on both sides of the expansion joint for installing expansion joint devices; the pre-reserved slots extend from the bridge deck pavement layer to the cast-in-place layer from top to bottom.
[0018] Optionally, it also includes:
[0019] A sliding layer is located on the upper surface of the abutment back wall and between the abutment back slab and the precast beam; the bridge deck pavement layer and the cast-in-place layer are both located above the sliding layer.
[0020] Optionally, the sliding layer is a rubber sliding layer.
[0021] Optionally, it also includes:
[0022] Bridge piers, which are arranged laterally along the bridge to support adjacent precast beams;
[0023] The oblique angle of the cap beams of the bridge piers is 20-45°.
[0024] Optionally, the first oblique angle is 45-60°.
[0025] Optionally, the oblique angle of the bridge abutment is 20-45°.
[0026] The present application provides a bridge including abutments and a number of precast beams. The abutments have a number of abutment toothed grooves arranged sequentially along the transverse direction of the bridge. The precast beams include longitudinal sides and transverse sides, with a first oblique angle between the longitudinal sides and transverse sides. The longitudinal sides are parallel to the road direction, and the transverse sides are at an angle with the river direction. One end of the precast beam is located in the abutment toothed groove, and the precast beams are staggered on the abutments through the abutment toothed grooves.
[0027] The bridge provided in this application embodiment has the following technical advantages compared to the prior art:
[0028] Several toothed grooves are set on the bridge abutment, arranged transversely along the bridge. The precast beams are staggered transversely through the toothed grooves, so that the bridge abutment is set at a small angle according to the river direction to meet the water resistance requirements of the river. At the same time, compared with the conventional precast beam arrangement, which cannot meet the requirements when the angle between the highway route and the river is small, and the use of cast-in-place frame structure leads to problems such as increased project cost, long construction period and inconvenience of construction, this application can still use precast beams to realize the bridge setting when the angle between the highway route and the river is small, meet the bridge use conditions, expand the scope of use, ensure project quality, facilitate project use and reduce project cost. Attached Figure Description
[0029] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:
[0030] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a bridge pier in the prior art;
[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bridge abutment in the prior art;
[0032] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a bridge structure provided in this application embodiment;
[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bridge pier provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0034] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a bridge provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0035] The following labels are shown in the attached diagram:
[0036] 1. Abutment; 2. Precast beam; 3. Bearing; 4. Expansion joint; 5. Abutment back slab; 6. Pier; 7. Bridge deck pavement layer; 8. Cast-in-place layer; 9. Reinforcing steel; 10. Reserved slot; 11. Sliding layer.
[0037] Bridge abutment front wall 111, bridge abutment back wall 112. Detailed Implementation
[0038] This invention discloses a bridge to address the problem that commonly used precast composite beams cannot meet the usage requirements when the angle between the route of a highway and a river is less than 60°.
[0039] To make the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the exemplary embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not an exhaustive list of all embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.
[0040] Please see Figure 3-5 , Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a bridge structure provided in this application embodiment; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bridge pier provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a bridge provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0041] In one specific embodiment, the bridge provided in this application includes abutments 1 and a plurality of precast beams 2. The abutments 1 have a plurality of abutment toothed grooves arranged sequentially along the transverse direction of the bridge. The abutment toothed grooves are used to accommodate the precast beams 2. The precast beams 2 include two sets of longitudinal sides and two sets of transverse sides, which are connected end to end. The precast beams 2 are parallelogram structures with a first oblique angle between the longitudinal and transverse sides. It can be understood that the longitudinal sides are set parallel to the road direction, and the transverse sides are set at an angle with the river direction. The first oblique angle is 45-60°, preferably 60°. Taking the angle between the highway line and the river as 25° as an example, the oblique angle of the abutment 1 is set to 25°. When the precast beams 2 are set, the longitudinal sides are parallel to the road direction, that is, the longitudinal sides are parallel to the longitudinal direction of the abutment 1 (bridge). It is understood that the abutment toothed groove includes longitudinal and transverse sides. The longitudinal side of the abutment toothed groove is parallel to the road direction, and the transverse side of the abutment toothed groove forms a 25° angle with the river direction, thereby achieving the installation and positioning of the precast beam 2. In one embodiment, the oblique angle of the abutment 1 is 20-45°, that is, the angle between the length direction of the abutment and the river direction is 20-45°. The precast beam 2 can be a precast hollow slab structure or a precast box girder structure, which can be set as needed.
[0042] This application can use a conventionally designed precast beam 2 (60°) with staggered arrangement of abutment toothed grooves on abutment 1 to achieve construction when the angle between the highway route and the river is small. This eliminates the need to use the original cast-in-place frame structure to cross the river, which would otherwise lead to increased project costs, longer construction period and inconvenience.
[0043] Specifically, precast beam 2 is a parallelogram structure, which includes two sets of longitudinal sides and two sets of transverse sides; in the transverse direction from the first end to the second end of the bridge, with... Figure 3 For example, the first end is the left side and the second end is the right side. The transverse side of each precast beam 2 is moved back a preset distance along the longitudinal direction of the precast beam 2. This can also be understood as the transverse side of the precast beam 2 and the transverse side of the bridge abutment 1 being arranged from left to right at a preset angle. That is, by adjusting the angle between the longitudinal centerline of the precast beam 2 and the transverse side of the bridge abutment 1, the construction of the highway project can be carried out when the angle between the route and the river is small.
[0044] Furthermore, the abutment 1 includes a front wall 111 and a back wall 112, which together form a toothed groove. The front wall 111 and back wall 112 are stepped structures. The front wall 111 supports the precast beam 2, which is typically supported by supports 3. The sidewalls of the back wall 112 and the top wall of the front wall 111 form a toothed groove for mounting the precast beam 2 at a predetermined angle. The oblique angle of the back wall 112 is 25°, and the width of the back wall 112 is typically 1m.
[0045] The abutment back wall 112 has an installation groove on the side opposite to the abutment toothed groove. The installation groove extends laterally along the abutment 1, and the installation groove extends longitudinally through the side of the abutment back wall 112 opposite to the abutment toothed groove. The bridge also includes a rear abutment slab 5, which is arranged longitudinally along the bridge and is used to connect the bridge bank and the bridge. The rear abutment slab 5 is located in the installation groove. In the longitudinal direction of the abutment 1, an expansion joint 4 is provided between the rear abutment slab 5 and the precast beam 2. The expansion joint 4 extends straight along the width direction of the abutment 1 and penetrates the abutment 1. In one embodiment, the straight expansion joint 4 can be set as a D80 expansion device. The specific setting can be referred to the prior art, all of which are within the protection scope of this application.
[0046] Furthermore, a bridge deck pavement layer 7 and a cast-in-place layer 8 are respectively provided above the abutment slab 5 and the precast beam 2, and the bridge deck pavement layer 7 and the cast-in-place layer 8 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom; a steel bar 9 is provided at the opposite end of the abutment slab 5 and the precast beam 2, and the abutment slab 5 and the precast beam 2 are fixedly connected to the cast-in-place layer 8 by the steel bar 9. This allows the abutment slab 5 and the precast beam 2 to be fixed to the road surface on their respective sides. Simultaneously, the end walls of the bridge deck pavement layer 7 and the cast-in-place layer 8 above the abutment slab 5 and the precast beam 2 are positioned opposite each other to form an expansion joint 4. Furthermore, pre-reserved slots 10 are provided on both sides of the expansion joint 4 for installing expansion joint devices, such as D80 expansion devices. The pre-reserved slots 10 extend from the bridge deck pavement layer 7 to the cast-in-place layer 8 from top to bottom. It can be understood that the pre-reserved slots 10 generally extend downwards from the bridge deck pavement layer 7 to the cast-in-place layer 8. As mentioned above, the abutment slab 5 on one side of the expansion joint 4 forms a whole with the bridge deck pavement layer 7 and the cast-in-place layer 8 above it via the reinforcing steel 9, and the precast beam 2 on the other side of the expansion joint 4 forms a whole with the bridge deck pavement layer 7 and the cast-in-place layer 8 above it via the reinforcing steel 9. Expansion and contraction along the longitudinal direction of the bridge are achieved through the expansion joint 4.
[0047] Generally, the cast-in-place layer 8 is made of C50 concrete and is covered with a layer of φ10mm HPB300 steel mesh. The steel bars 9 set at the opposite end of the abutment slab 5 and the precast beam 2 can be made of φ25mm HRB400 steel bars, with a spacing of 5cm, and can be arranged in 4 rows vertically, and the transverse direction is determined according to the road width and the width of abutment 1.
[0048] In this specific embodiment, the bridge further includes a sliding layer 11, located on the upper surface of the abutment back wall 112 and between the abutment slab 5 and the precast beam 2; the bridge deck pavement layer 7 and the cast-in-place layer 8 are both located above the sliding layer 11. By setting the sliding layer 11, the abutment slabs 5 and the precast beam 2 on both sides of the expansion joint 4 are integrated with the bridge deck pavement layer 7 and the cast-in-place layer 8, respectively, and can slide on the sliding layer 11 to form an expansion system. Specifically, the sliding layer 11 is a rubber sliding layer with a thickness of 5mm.
[0049] Based on the above embodiments, the device further includes bridge piers 6. Several bridge piers 6 can be configured, each arranged longitudinally along the bridge and extending laterally along the bridge to support adjacent precast beams 2. Preferably, the oblique angle of the bridge piers 6 is 20-45°, specifically 25°; the angle between the length direction of the pier cap beam and the road direction is 20-45°; the width of the pier cap beam is 1.6m, and the width of the pier cap beam can be adjusted according to the angle of the precast beam 2.
[0050] In one specific embodiment, when the angle between the highway route and the river is small, the precast composite beam 2 structure of the bridge superstructure adopts a conventional design angle, and each beam is staggered according to the river's direction. The pier and abutment structures are specially designed; the piers 6 are designed with a small angle according to the river's direction, and the cap beam width is appropriately widened to meet the support requirements of the superstructure. The abutment back wall 112 is designed in a sawtooth shape according to the beam arrangement of the superstructure, and interlocks with the beams to form a sawtooth support system. A straight expansion joint 4 is located at the abutment back wall 112. The precast beam 2 and the abutment slab 5 are integrated with the cast-in-place bridge deck layer 8 through connecting steel bars 9, and form an expansion system through a sliding layer 11. Through this special design of the pier and abutment structures, the usage conditions of the precast composite beam 2 can be met, expanding its applicability. This significantly improves the applicability of commonly used composite hollow slabs and composite box girders, making it particularly suitable for the design of skew bridges in areas with dense water networks. The device is reasonably designed, with clear force transmission paths for its components, simple operation, low price, wide applicability, and good social benefits.
[0051] Although preferred embodiments of this application have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of this application.
[0052] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.
Claims
1. A bridge, characterized in that, include: The bridge abutment and several precast beams, wherein the bridge abutment has several abutment toothed grooves arranged sequentially along the transverse direction of the bridge, and the precast beam includes a longitudinal side and a transverse side, wherein a first oblique angle is provided between the longitudinal side and the transverse side, the longitudinal side is parallel to the road direction, and the transverse side is at an angle with the river direction. One end of the precast beam is located in the toothed groove of the abutment, and each of the precast beams is staggered on the abutment through the toothed groove of the abutment. Also includes: Bridge piers, which are arranged laterally along the bridge to support adjacent precast beams; The angle between the length direction of the cap beam of the bridge pier and the road direction is 20-45°; The first oblique angle is 45-60°; The angle between the length of the bridge abutment and the direction of the river is 20-45°.
2. The bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical side and the horizontal side are in two sets, and the vertical side and the horizontal side are connected end to end to form a parallelogram structure; In the transverse direction from the first end to the second end of the bridge, the transverse edge of each precast beam is moved back a predetermined distance along the longitudinal direction of the precast beam.
3. The bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The abutment includes a front wall and a back wall, and the back wall and the front wall form the toothed groove of the abutment. The bridge abutment back wall has an installation groove on the side opposite to the bridge abutment toothed groove, and the installation groove extends laterally along the bridge abutment. The bridge also includes a rear abutment plate, which is disposed in the mounting groove; in the longitudinal direction of the abutment, an expansion joint is provided between the rear abutment plate and the precast beam, and the expansion joint extends in a straight line along the width direction of the abutment.
4. The bridge according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bridge deck pavement layer and the cast-in-place layer are respectively provided above the abutment slab and the precast beam, and the bridge deck pavement layer and the cast-in-place layer are arranged sequentially from top to bottom; The rear platform slab and the precast beam are respectively provided with reinforcing bars at opposite ends, and the rear platform slab and the precast beam are respectively fixedly connected to the cast-in-place layer through the reinforcing bars.
5. The bridge according to claim 4, characterized in that, The end walls of the bridge deck pavement layer and the cast-in-place layer above the abutment slab and the precast beam are arranged opposite to each other to form the expansion joint; Furthermore, pre-reserved slots are provided on both sides of the expansion joint for installing expansion joint devices; The reserved slot extends from the bridge deck pavement layer to the cast-in-place layer from top to bottom.
6. The bridge according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: A sliding layer is located on the upper surface of the abutment back wall and between the abutment back slab and the precast beam; the bridge deck pavement layer and the cast-in-place layer are both located above the sliding layer.
7. The bridge according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sliding layer is a rubber sliding layer.