Assembled large-space curved ceiling and construction method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of ceiling construction, and discloses an assembled large-space curved ceiling and a construction method thereof. Through a series of interlocking technical features, the following low-difficulty and high-efficiency ceiling panel installation method is achieved: the position of the ceiling panel is adjusted front to back and left to right, and the positioning point and the corresponding node ball in the grid are aligned up and down, then the position of the ceiling panel meets the requirements, and the vertical spacing between the positioning point and the corresponding node ball is adjusted up and down, and the posture of the ceiling panel meets the requirements if the spacing is qualified. During the on-site installation process, there is no need to measure and adjust the coordinates and angles, the construction difficulty is extremely low and the accuracy is high, and it is not easy to deviate from the requirements of the drawings. At the same time, due to the low construction difficulty and small workload, there is no need to use a solid and stable construction platform, so a safety net can be used as a construction platform to meet the requirements, and no scaffolding is required, saving the cost and work time of scaffolding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ceiling construction, and in particular to an assembled large-space curved ceiling and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] For ultra-long-span buildings like train stations and airport concourses, the suspended ceilings are large and heavy. Conventional ceiling structures consisting of suspension wires and light steel grids are insufficient to support such heavy ceilings, so a higher-load-bearing structure, specifically a hanger rod and keel, is required. The keel in this type of ceiling is typically a steel beam, with two adjacent beams connected by clamps or bolts to form a single platform that supports additional structures such as the ceiling panels.

[0003] However, with the development of society, people's pursuit of architectural aesthetics has become increasingly demanding, leading to the emergence of many complex ceiling designs. These complex ceiling shapes place higher demands on the construction of the keel. The keel is no longer combined into a platform, but rather into a complex spatial structure. This leads to significant difficulties in the installation of both the keel and the ceiling panels. The supporting structure composed of the suspension rods and keels is more rigid, requiring complex adjustment mechanisms to achieve the desired shape. These adjustment mechanisms must also ensure that the load-bearing capacity of the entire suspension structure is sufficient to meet the loads imposed by the extremely large ceiling panels.

[0004] At the same time, each ceiling tile required precise adjustment of its position and orientation. During installation, the 3D coordinates of multiple points and the angles between the ceiling tile and the floor / ceiling, etc., needed to be monitored. Each tile needed to be adjusted and measured simultaneously. However, ensuring that the 3D coordinates and angles of several points on a complex tile simultaneously met the drawing requirements was extremely difficult. Not only was the workload immense, but even after many hours of work, some panels would often fail to meet the drawing requirements. Furthermore, the greater the curvature, the more severe the problem. For low-ceiling areas (where the curvature is greater), this even made it difficult for the tiles to fit together tightly.

[0005] In addition to the construction difficulties, this type of suspended ceiling construction poses serious health risks to construction workers. Because the suspended ceiling is constructed beneath the completed roof and is located lower than the roof, a springboard cannot be placed underneath the roof to form a construction platform (this would block the workers' vision and hands), nor can a safety net be laid as a construction platform (safety nets are soft, making it impossible to measure coordinates and angles from them, and difficult to adjust accordingly). Instead, a ground-based scaffolding must be erected as a construction platform, forcing construction workers to work with their heads tilted upwards. Prolonged periods of tilting their heads upwards can severely damage workers' cervical spines.

[0006] Taking the large suspended ceiling of Yichang Three Gorges Airport involved in the present invention as an example, the shape of the suspended ceiling is not a plane but a hyperbolic surface, which requires its keel to be spliced ​​into a very complex shape, and the shape and posture of the suspended ceiling panels are very irregular. Using the existing construction plan, the cost and construction period are unacceptable, and the construction quality is also difficult to guarantee. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention provides an assembled large-space curved ceiling and a construction method thereof.

[0008] The technical problem to be solved is that the adjustment of the position and posture of the ceiling panels in a large space curved ceiling is extremely labor-intensive and difficult.

[0009] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an assembled large-space curved ceiling, which is installed under a truss or grid structure roof, and includes a main slide rail suspended under the roof, a secondary slide rail slidably arranged on the main slide rail, and a ceiling panel suspended under the secondary slide rail via a panel hanger;

[0010] The main slide rail is a full-length keel extending along the length direction of the roof, and the main slide rails are parallel to each other and spaced apart. The auxiliary slide rails are arranged on the main slide rails perpendicular to the main slide rails. The sliding direction of the auxiliary slide rails is the length direction of the main slide rails, and the auxiliary slide rails are locked and slid by a clamp arranged at the intersection of the main slide rails and the auxiliary slide rails.

[0011] A panel slide rail is anchored on the ceiling panel, the upper end of the panel suspension rod is slidably set on the auxiliary slide rail and the lower end is slidably set on the panel slide rail, the lower end of the panel suspension rod is connected to the panel slide rail through a ball joint, the sliding direction of the end of the panel suspension rod is the length direction of the slide rail, and a locking device for locking the sliding is provided.

[0012] Furthermore, the roof is a ball-node grid structure, and the node balls at the bottom of the grid are arranged in a matrix shape. The main slide rail is arranged directly below the lower chord of the grid extending along the length of the roof, and the main slide rail is parallel to the lower chord above it; the ceiling panel is rhombus-shaped, and the long diagonal of the rhombus is parallel to the main slide rail; among the vertices of the rhombus, the vertices at both ends of the long diagonal are respectively located directly below two node balls separated by one node ball, or the two ends of the short diagonal are respectively located directly below two adjacent node balls; the auxiliary slide rails are distributed on the left and right sides of the short diagonal close to the short diagonal of the rhombus; the plate slide rails are the keels at the edge and above the diagonal of the ceiling panel, the middle part of the ceiling panel is raised, and the keel above the diagonal of the ceiling panel extends obliquely downward from the middle.

[0013] Furthermore, the main slide rail is formed by connecting a plurality of segments end to end, and a slide rail hanger is provided between two adjacent segments for hanging the main slide rail under the node ball, and the slide rail hanger and the plate hanger are both arranged vertically; the upper end of the slide rail hanger is hingedly connected to the node ball, and the hinge axis at the connection is horizontally arranged and perpendicular to the main slide rail hung by the slide rail hanger, and both ends of the hinge axis are provided with locking nuts for locking the hinge position.

[0014] Furthermore, the lower end of the slide rail hanger is inserted into the rotating plate. The rotating plate is a steel plate with a steel cylinder in the middle. The plate surface of the rotating plate is vertically arranged and parallel to the main slide rail. The slide rail hanger is inserted into the steel cylinder of the lower connecting plate and is locked by nuts at the upper and lower ends of the steel cylinder.

[0015] The rotating plate is connected to the main slide rail segments on both sides through an articulated splint, and the two ends of the articulated splint respectively clamp the rotating plate and the main slide rail segment, and the articulated splint is connected to the rotating plate through two horizontally arranged bolts; among the two bolts connecting the articulated splint and the rotating plate, the bolt close to the slide rail hanger is recorded as a dot bolt, and the dot bolt is tightly matched with the bolt holes on the articulated splint and the rotating plate; the bolt away from the slide rail hanger is recorded as an arc bolt, and the arc bolt is tightly matched with the bolt hole on the rotating plate, and the bolt hole on the articulated splint corresponding to the arc bolt is an arc-shaped waist hole with the dot bolt as the center;

[0016] The articulated splint is connected to the main slide rail through a plurality of bolts arranged at intervals along the vertical direction. The bolts connecting the articulated splint and the main slide rail and the bolts on the main slide rail are referred to as keel bolts; the keel bolts are tightly matched with the bolt holes on the main slide rail, and the bolt holes on the articulated splint corresponding to the keel bolts are waist holes whose long axes are parallel to the main slide rail.

[0017] Furthermore, every three main slide rails are recorded as a splicing assembly line, and the auxiliary slide rails are arranged across the three main slide rails in a splicing assembly line, and the two ends of each auxiliary slide rail located in the same splicing assembly line are aligned.

[0018] Furthermore, the two ends of the plate hanger are respectively connected to the main slide rail and the plate slide rail through hoops. The hoop at the upper end of the plate hanger is an elastic steel strip bent into a U shape. The U-shaped opening faces the plate hanger and the two ends are passed through by the plate hanger. Locking nuts are provided above and below the elastic steel strip, and the main slide rail is wrapped between the elastic steel strip and the plate hanger; in the hoop at the lower end of the plate hanger, the upper half of the hoop is anchored with a hemispherical joint, and the lower end of the plate hanger is inserted into the hemispherical head of the ball joint.

[0019] A construction method for an assembled large-space curved ceiling is used to construct the above-mentioned assembled large-space curved ceiling, and comprises the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: Hang a safety net parallel to the bottom of the grid to form a construction platform. The safety net is higher than the auxiliary slide rail, and the mesh size is large enough for the construction workers to pass through.

[0021] Step 2: Use 3D modeling to obtain the dimensions of the main slide rail, auxiliary slide rail, slide rail hanger, and plate hanger, and cut the parts according to the dimensions.

[0022] Step 3: Install the slide rail boom and main slide rail, adjust the position and posture of the main slide rail to the designed value by adjusting the slide rail boom, and then install the auxiliary slide rail;

[0023] Step 4: Install the panel hangers and ceiling panels, and use the panel hangers to adjust the position and posture of the ceiling panels to the designed values.

[0024] Furthermore, step two is as follows: measure and obtain the elevation and three-dimensional coordinates of the bottom of the node ball at the bottom of the grid, calculate the vertical distance between the rhombus vertex of each ceiling panel and the node ball directly above it after the ceiling is installed, and perform three-dimensional modeling based on the measurement and calculation results. The model includes the node ball and the entire ceiling. According to the modeling results, the size data of the main slide rail, auxiliary slide rail, slide rail hanger, and plate hanger are obtained, and cutting is performed according to the size data.

[0025] Furthermore, among the four rhombus vertices of the ceiling panel, the rhombus vertex with a node ball directly above it after the ceiling panel is installed is recorded as the positioning point, and the positioning point corresponds to the node ball directly above it;

[0026] Step 4 is as follows:

[0027] Step 4.1: Hang the ceiling panel on the secondary rail using the panel hanger. Adjust the upper end of the panel hanger and the position of the secondary rail on the main rail so that the positioning point close to the installed ceiling panel is directly below the corresponding node ball.

[0028] Step 4.2: Adjust the elevation of the locating point in step 4.1 by adjusting the plate hanger rod up and down, so that the vertical distance between the locating point and its corresponding node ball is the value calculated in step 2;

[0029] Step 4.3: Adjust the elevation of the other positioning point of the ceiling panel so that the vertical distance between it and the corresponding node ball is the value calculated in step 2;

[0030] Step 4.4: Adjust the height of the remaining two diamond-shaped vertices so that the ceiling tile fits snugly against the edges of the installed ceiling tiles.

[0031] Step 4.5: Lock the ball joints and clamps on the suspension rods of each panel so that the position and posture of the ceiling panels will not change.

[0032] Furthermore, if the three main slide rails of the same splicing assembly line are not located in the same plane, resulting in the main slide rails and the auxiliary slide rails being offset up and down, an offset connecting rod is used to connect the main slide rails and the auxiliary slide rails that are offset up and down. The offset connecting rod is respectively connected to the main slide rails and the auxiliary slide rails through a clamp. The clamp is an elastic steel strip bent into a U shape. The U-shaped opening faces the plate hanger and the two ends are passed through by the offset connecting rod. Locking nuts are provided above and below the elastic steel strip.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the assembled large-space curved ceiling and its construction method of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0034] This invention achieves a low-efficiency, high-efficiency installation method for ceiling panels through a series of interlocking technical features: The panel's position is adjusted forward, backward, left, and right. Aligning the positioning points with the corresponding node balls vertically ensures the panel's position meets the requirements. Adjusting the vertical spacing between the positioning points and the corresponding node balls ensures the panel's posture meets the requirements. On-site installation eliminates the need for coordinate and angle measurement and adjustment, resulting in minimal installation effort and high precision (since point alignment and height adjustment are easily achieved with high precision, while three-dimensional point adjustment and angle adjustment in three dimensions are difficult to achieve with high precision on-site), and prevents deviations from the drawing requirements.

[0035] At the same time, due to the low construction difficulty and small workload, a solid and stable construction platform is not required. Therefore, the use of a safety net as a construction platform can meet the requirements, and no scaffolding is required, thus saving the cost and labor hours of scaffolding.

[0036] The following are the functions of the various technical features in the ceiling panel installation method of the present invention:

[0037] Diamond-shaped ceiling panels: ensure that they can be closely joined on curved surfaces (rectangular panels cannot be closely joined on curved surfaces, and triangular panels have no diagonal lines, so the method of the present invention cannot be used);

[0038] Main and auxiliary slide rails: allow the ceiling panels to be adjusted in the front, back, left, and right directions;

[0039] Ball joints and screws in the panel hanger: allow the ceiling panels to adjust their posture;

[0040] Grids and diamond-shaped ceiling tiles of specific sizes: Ensure that in each diamond-shaped ceiling tile, there are two diamond vertices located on the same diagonal line directly below the node ball;

[0041] Slide rail hanger, plate hanger, plate slide rail: ensure that the two types of hangers are vertical after installation (the mechanism for maintaining verticality here is the same as that for the hanging wire), so that the vertical spacing between the adjustment positioning point and the corresponding node ball is accurate;

[0042] The safety net at the bottom of the grid serves as a construction platform, and the auxiliary slide rail avoids the diagonal line of the ceiling panel: the construction workers' eyes and hands are close to the position to be adjusted, and the downward sight and hands are not blocked, ensuring that the positioning point and the node ball can be aligned vertically and the vertical spacing can be adjusted smoothly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an assembled large-space curved ceiling in the present invention during assembly. In order to avoid obstruction, most of the roof structure is removed in the figure;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the suspended ceiling;

[0045] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the slide rail boom;

[0046] Figure 4 It is the structural diagram of the plate hanger;

[0047] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the staggered connecting rod;

[0048] In the figure, 1-roof, 2-main slide rail, 3-slide rail hanger, 31-rotating plate, 32-hinge splint, 4-auxiliary slide rail, 5-ceiling plate, 6-plate hanger, 7-plate slide rail, 8-offset connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] like Figure 1-2 As shown, an assembled large-space curved ceiling is arranged below a roof 1 of a truss or grid structure, and includes a main slide rail 2 suspended below the roof 1, a secondary slide rail 4 slidably arranged on the main slide rail 2, and a ceiling panel 5 suspended below the secondary slide rail 4 through a panel hanger 6;

[0050] The main slide rail 2 is a full-length keel extending along the length direction of the roof 1, and the main slide rails 2 are parallel to each other and spaced apart. The auxiliary slide rails 4 are arranged on the main slide rails 2 perpendicularly. The sliding direction of the auxiliary slide rails 4 is the length direction of the main slide rails 2, and the auxiliary slide rails 4 are locked and slidable by the clamps arranged at the intersection of the main slide rails 2 and the auxiliary slide rails 4.

[0051] Here, the main slide rail 2 and the auxiliary slide rail 4 together form a platform that allows the position of the ceiling panel 5 to be adjusted forward, backward, left and right, and at the same time supports the ceiling panel 5 after the construction is completed.

[0052] like Figure 2 As shown, the suspended ceiling of this embodiment is wavy, and the wavy lines are arranged along the length direction of the roof 1.

[0053] A panel slide rail 7 is anchored on the ceiling panel 5, the upper end of the panel suspension rod 6 is slidably set on the auxiliary slide rail 4 and the lower end is slidably set on the panel slide rail 7, the lower end of the panel suspension rod 6 is connected to the panel slide rail 7 through a ball joint, and the sliding direction of the end portion of the panel suspension rod 6 is the length direction of the slide rail, and a locking device for locking the sliding is provided.

[0054] The panel hanger 6 has slide rails at both ends. Therefore, if the panel hanger 6 is not vertical, at least one end will slide, eventually causing the panel hanger 6 to return to a vertical position. The ball joint ensures that changes in the position of the ceiling panel 5 do not affect the vertical position of the panel hanger 6. Furthermore, the panel slide rails 7 allow for fine-tuning of the position of the ceiling panel 5.

[0055] The roof 1 is a ball node grid structure, and the node balls at the bottom of the grid are arranged in a matrix shape. The main slide rail 2 is set directly below the lower chord of the grid extending along the length direction of the roof 1, and the main slide rail 2 is parallel to the lower chord above it.

[0056] In this way, the translation direction of the ceiling panel 5 is either parallel to the lower chord or perpendicular to the lower chord, which facilitates the alignment of the positioning point on the ceiling panel 5 and the node ball.

[0057] The ceiling panel 5 is rhombus-shaped, allowing it to be closely assembled into a curved surface. The long diagonal of the rhombus is parallel to the main rail 2. Of the rhombus vertices, the vertices at either end of the long diagonal are located directly below two nodal balls separated by one nodal ball, or the vertices at either end of the short diagonal are located directly below two adjacent nodal balls. These rhombus vertices located below the nodal balls are also positioning points. In this embodiment, the length of the short diagonal of the rhombus of the ceiling panel 5 is equal to the distance between the centers of two adjacent nodal balls, while the length of the long diagonal is equal to the distance between the centers of two nodal balls separated by one nodal ball. Furthermore, the diagonal position of the ceiling panel 5 after installation also has requirements, ensuring that these positioning points can be used for positioning.

[0058] The auxiliary slide rails 4 are close to the short diagonal line of the rhombus and are distributed on the left and right sides of the short diagonal line;

[0059] The plate slide rail 7 is the keel at the edge and diagonal position of the ceiling plate 5. The middle part of the ceiling plate 5 is raised and the keel at the diagonal position of the ceiling plate 5 is extended obliquely downward from the middle part.

[0060] Here, the center of the ceiling board 5 is raised to meet the appearance requirements of the ceiling board 5, and when necessary (for example, when the position of a node ball is seriously offset), this highest point can also be used as a positioning point to align with the node ball above it for positioning.

[0061] The main slide rail 2 is made up of multiple segments connected end to end, and a slide rail hanger 3 is provided between two adjacent segments for hanging the main slide rail 2 under the node ball. The slide rail hanger 3 and the plate hanger 6 are both arranged vertically; the upper end of the slide rail hanger 3 is hingedly connected to the node ball, and the hinge axis at the connection is horizontally arranged and perpendicular to the main slide rail 2 hung by the slide rail hanger 3, and both ends of the hinge axis are provided with locking nuts for locking the hinge position.

[0062] The purpose of the hinge connection between the upper end of the rail hanger 3 and the node ball is to allow the rail hanger 3 to remain vertical even when the lower chord of the grid is not horizontal. When the lower chord of the grid is not horizontal, the rail hanger 3 will tilt accordingly, so a hinge shaft is used to prevent it from tilting. A ball joint can also be used instead of a hinge shaft, but the cost is very high and it is not easy to install. In this embodiment, two angle brackets are also used for the hinge connection between the upper end of the rail hanger 3 and the node ball. The two angle brackets are overlapped in a right-angled Z shape, and the hinge shaft is installed at the overlapping position. The top of the right-angled Z shape is attached to the bottom of the node ball and fixed with bolts, and the bottom of the right-angled Z shape is passed through and fixed by the upper end of the rail hanger 3. Stiffening ribs are provided at the bending part of the angle bracket to prevent the angle of the angle bracket from being enlarged.

[0063] like Figure 3 As shown, the lower end of the slide rail hanger 3 is inserted into the rotating plate 31. The rotating plate 31 is a steel plate with a steel cylinder in the middle. The plate surface of the rotating plate 31 is vertically arranged and parallel to the main slide rail 2. The slide rail hanger 3 is inserted into the steel cylinder of the lower connecting plate and is locked by nuts at the upper and lower ends of the steel cylinder.

[0064] The rotating plate 31 is connected to the main slide rail 2 segments on both sides through the hinged splint 32. The two ends of the hinged splint 32 clamp the rotating plate 31 and the main slide rail 2 segments respectively. The hinged splint 32 is connected to the rotating plate 31 through two horizontally arranged bolts. Among the two bolts connecting the hinged splint 32 and the rotating plate 31, the bolt close to the slide rail hanger 3 is recorded as a dot bolt, and the dot bolt fits tightly with the bolt holes on the hinged splint 32 and the rotating plate 31; the bolt away from the slide rail hanger 3 is recorded as an arc bolt, and the arc bolt fits tightly with the bolt hole on the rotating plate 31. The bolt hole on the hinged splint 32 corresponding to the arc bolt is an arc-shaped waist hole with the dot bolt as the center.

[0065] The articulated splint 32 is connected to the main slide rail 2 through a plurality of bolts arranged at intervals along the vertical direction. The bolts connecting the articulated splint 32 and the main slide rail 2 and the bolts on the main slide rail 2 are referred to as keel bolts; the keel bolts fit tightly with the bolt holes on the main slide rail 2, and the bolt holes on the articulated splint 32 corresponding to the keel bolts are waist holes whose long axes are parallel to the main slide rail 2.

[0066] The structure of the lower end of the slide rail boom 3 ensures that the main slide rail 2 can form a broken line of any shape, and the broken line can also be rotated and fit the curved surface shape with the broken line.

[0067] Every three main slide rails 2 are recorded as a splicing assembly line, and the auxiliary slide rail 4 is set across the three main slide rails 2 in a splicing assembly line, and the two ends of each auxiliary slide rail 4 located in the same splicing assembly line are aligned. In other words, the auxiliary slide rail 4 is not continuous but segmented. The reason for spanning three main slide rails 2 is that in this embodiment, the two ends of the diamond-shaped short diagonal lines of some ceiling panels 5 are not located under the main slide rail 2. If the auxiliary slide rail 4 is too short, these ceiling panels 5 cannot be installed. The auxiliary slide rail 4 should be as short as possible. If it is too long, it will not only be difficult to move by manpower, but also because the ceiling is a curved surface, the longer the auxiliary slide rail 4 is, the more likely it is to be misaligned with the main slide rail 2. Spanning three main slide rails 2 is the lower limit of its length.

[0068] like Figure 4 As shown, both ends of the plate hanger 6 are connected to the main slide rail 2 and the plate slide rail 7 respectively through hoops. The hoop at the upper end of the plate hanger 6 is an elastic steel strip bent into a U shape. The U-shaped opening faces the plate hanger 6 and both ends are passed through by the plate hanger 6. Locking nuts are provided above and below the elastic steel strip, and the main slide rail 2 is wrapped between the elastic steel strip and the plate hanger 6; in the hoop at the lower end of the plate hanger 6, the upper half of the hoop is anchored with a hemispherical joint, and the lower end of the plate hanger 6 is inserted into the hemispherical head of the spherical joint.

[0069] In this embodiment, the functions of the elastic steel strips used in different positions are the same. One is to allow the screw to pass up and down to adjust the elevation of the components under the screw. The other is to allow the elastic steel strips to dampen the sliding of the slide rail when the locking nut is not fully tightened so that it will not move around.

[0070] A construction method for an assembled large-space curved ceiling is used to construct the above-mentioned assembled large-space curved ceiling, and comprises the following steps:

[0071] Step 1: Hang a safety net parallel to the bottom of the truss to form a construction platform. The net should be higher than the secondary slide rails 4, and the mesh should be large enough for construction workers to pass through. While the safety net provides a stable platform for construction workers to remain stationary, it is not ideal for rapid movement or tool placement. Therefore, lightweight planks can be placed on the lower chords of the truss to provide a quick passage and platform for placing tools. These planks can be carried and moved as the construction progresses. Furthermore, if some construction sites are too low for construction workers on the safety net to reach, aerial platforms can be deployed on the ground to fill the gap. Material transfer on the truss can be accomplished using a winch / truck crane on the ground, or a hand-operated chain hoist mounted on the truss. Tower cranes cannot be used due to the obstruction of the truss.

[0072] Step 2: Use 3D modeling to determine the dimensions of the main rail 2, auxiliary rail 4, rail hanger 3, and plate hanger 6. Based on these dimensions, the required components are cut and machined. Of course, strength checks are required before cutting to ensure sufficient load-bearing capacity, which will not be discussed here.

[0073] Step 3: Install the slide rail hanger 3 and the main slide rail 2, adjust the position and posture of the main slide rail 2 to the design value through the slide rail hanger 3, and then install the auxiliary slide rail 4.

[0074] Step 4: Install the board hanger 6 and the ceiling board 5, and use the board hanger 6 to adjust the position and posture of the ceiling board 5 to the design value.

[0075] Step 2 is as follows: measure and obtain the elevation and three-dimensional coordinates of the bottom of the node ball at the bottom of the grid, calculate the vertical distance between the rhombus vertex of each ceiling panel 5 and the node ball directly above it after the ceiling is installed, and perform three-dimensional modeling based on the measurement and calculation results. The model includes the node ball and the entire ceiling. According to the modeling results, the size data of the main slide rail 2, the auxiliary slide rail 4, the slide rail hanger 3, and the plate hanger 6 are obtained, and the materials are cut according to the size data.

[0076] It is not possible to directly extract the elevation and three-dimensional coordinates from the grid drawings to build a model, because the grid has construction deviations (for example, some node balls are too high or too low). Therefore, it is necessary to use measured data for modeling and overcome this deviation by adjusting the length of the slide rail hanger 3.

[0077] Among the four rhombus vertices of the ceiling plate 5, the rhombus vertex with a node ball directly above it after the ceiling plate 5 is installed is recorded as the positioning point, and the positioning point corresponds to the node ball directly above it;

[0078] Step 4 is as follows:

[0079] Step 4.1: Hang the ceiling panel 5 on the secondary rail 4 using the panel hanger 6. Adjust the upper end of the panel hanger 6 and the position of the secondary rail 4 on the main rail 2 so that the positioning point near the installed ceiling panel 5 is directly below its corresponding node ball. The node ball is not a point but has a size. Therefore, positioning the positioning point directly below its corresponding node ball does not achieve the same perfect precision as point-to-point positioning and will have a certain tolerance. However, this approach has the advantage of being simple and does not lead to tolerance accumulation. Moreover, this tolerance is eliminated during the subsequent connection process with the installed ceiling panel 5. Here, when the long diagonal of the ceiling panel 5 is directly below the main rail 2, it is also possible to install some panel hangers 6 between the main rail 2 and the ceiling panel 5, because the ceiling panel 5 no longer needs to be moved perpendicular to the main rail 2.

[0080] Step 4.2: Adjust the elevation of the positioning point in step 4.1 by adjusting the plate hanger 6 up and down so that the vertical distance between the positioning point and its corresponding node ball is the value calculated in step 2; the vertical distance here can be written on the corresponding node ball before construction.

[0081] Step 4.3: Adjust the elevation of another positioning point of the ceiling panel 5 so that the vertical distance between it and the corresponding node ball is the value calculated in step 2.

[0082] Step 4.4: Adjust the heights of the remaining two diamond vertices so that the ceiling panel 5 fits in with the edge of the installed ceiling panel 5. The key to edge fitting here is to align the two ends of the fitting edges, that is, to use a vertex on the installed ceiling panel 5 to limit the position of a diamond vertex on a non-positioning point of the installed ceiling panel 5.

[0083] Step 4.5: Lock the ball joints and all the clamps on each panel's suspension rod 6 so that the position and posture of the ceiling panel 5 no longer change.

[0084] like Figure 5 As shown, if the three main slide rails 2 of the same splicing assembly line are not located in the same plane, resulting in the main slide rails 2 and the auxiliary slide rails 4 being staggered up and down, the staggered connecting rods 8 are used to connect the main slide rails 2 and the auxiliary slide rails 4 that are staggered up and down. The staggered connecting rods 8 are respectively connected to the main slide rails 2 and the auxiliary slide rails 4 through clamps. The clamps are elastic steel strips bent into a U shape. The U-shaped opening faces the plate hanger 6 and both ends are passed through by the staggered connecting rods 8. Locking nuts are provided above and below the elastic steel strips.

[0085] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred implementations of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should fall within the scope of protection determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An assembled large-space curved ceiling, arranged below a roof (1) of a truss or grid structure, characterized in that: It comprises a main slide rail (2) suspended below the roof (1), a secondary slide rail (4) slidably arranged on the main slide rail (2), and a ceiling plate (5) suspended below the secondary slide rail (4) via a plate suspension rod (6); The main slide rail (2) is a full-length keel extending along the length direction of the roof (1), and the main slide rails (2) are parallel to each other and spaced apart. The auxiliary slide rail (4) is perpendicular to the main slide rail (2) and is arranged on the main slide rail (2). The sliding direction of the auxiliary slide rail (4) is the length direction of the main slide rail (2), and the auxiliary slide rail (4) is locked and slid by a clamp arranged at the intersection of the main slide rail (2) and the auxiliary slide rail (4). A plate slide rail (7) is anchored on the ceiling plate (5), the upper end of the plate suspension rod (6) is slidably arranged on the auxiliary slide rail (4) and the lower end is slidably arranged on the plate slide rail (7), the lower end of the plate suspension rod (6) is connected to the plate slide rail (7) through a ball joint, the sliding direction of the end of the plate suspension rod (6) is the length direction of the slide rail, and a locking device for locking the sliding is provided; The roof (1) is a ball node grid structure, and the node balls at the bottom of the grid are arranged in a matrix shape. The main slide rail (2) is arranged directly below the grid lower chord extending along the length direction of the roof (1), and the main slide rail (2) is parallel to the lower chord above it; the ceiling board (5) is rhombus-shaped, and the long diagonal of the rhombus is parallel to the main slide rail (2); among the vertices of the rhombus, the vertices at both ends of the long diagonal are respectively located directly below two node balls separated by one node ball, or the two ends of the short diagonal are respectively located directly below two adjacent node balls; the auxiliary slide rails (4) are distributed on the left and right sides of the short diagonal of the rhombus; the plate slide rails (7) are keels at the edge and above the diagonal of the ceiling board (5), and the middle part of the ceiling board (5) is raised so that the keel at the above the diagonal of the ceiling board (5) extends obliquely downward from the middle part.

2. The assembled large-space curved ceiling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main slide rail (2) is formed by connecting a plurality of segments end to end, and a slide rail hanger (3) for hanging the main slide rail (2) under the node ball is provided between two adjacent segments, and the slide rail hanger (3) and the plate hanger (6) are both vertically arranged; the upper end of the slide rail hanger (3) is hingedly connected to the node ball, and the hinge axis at the connection is horizontally arranged and perpendicular to the main slide rail (2) hung by the slide rail hanger (3), and locking nuts for locking the hinge position are provided at both ends of the hinge axis.

3. The assembled large-space curved ceiling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower end of the slide rail hanger (3) is inserted into the rotating plate (31). The rotating plate (31) is a steel plate with a steel cylinder in the middle. The plate surface of the rotating plate (31) is vertically arranged and parallel to the main slide rail (2). The slide rail hanger (3) is inserted into the steel cylinder of the lower connecting plate and is locked by nuts at the upper and lower ends of the steel cylinder. The rotating plate (31) is connected to the main slide rail (2) segments on both sides through the hinged splint (32), and the two ends of the hinged splint (32) respectively clamp the rotating plate (31) and the main slide rail (2) segment, and the hinged splint (32) is connected to the rotating plate (31) through two horizontally arranged bolts; of the two bolts connecting the hinged splint (32) and the rotating plate (31), the bolt close to the slide rail hanger (3) is recorded as a dot bolt, and the dot bolt is tightly matched with the bolt holes on the hinged splint (32) and the rotating plate (31); the bolt away from the slide rail hanger (3) is recorded as an arc bolt, and the arc bolt is tightly matched with the bolt hole on the rotating plate (31), and the bolt hole on the hinged splint (32) corresponding to the arc bolt is an arc-shaped waist hole with the dot bolt as the center of the circle; The articulated splint (32) is connected to the main slide rail (2) via a plurality of bolts spaced apart in the vertical direction. The bolts connecting the articulated splint (32) and the main slide rail (2) and the bolts on the main slide rail (2) are referred to as keel bolts. The keel bolts are tightly fitted with the bolt holes on the main slide rail (2). The bolt holes on the articulated splint (32) corresponding to the keel bolts are waist holes whose long axes are parallel to the main slide rail (2).

4. The assembled large-space curved ceiling according to claim 2, characterized in that: Every three main slide rails (2) are recorded as a splicing assembly line, and the auxiliary slide rails (4) are set across the three main slide rails (2) in a splicing assembly line, and the two ends of each auxiliary slide rail (4) located in the same splicing assembly line are aligned.

5. The assembled large-space curved ceiling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the plate suspension rod (6) are connected to the main slide rail (2) and the plate slide rail (7) respectively through a clamp. The clamp at the upper end of the plate suspension rod (6) is an elastic steel strip bent into a U shape. The opening of the U shape faces the plate suspension rod (6) and the two ends are passed through by the plate suspension rod (6). Locking nuts are provided above and below the elastic steel strip. The main slide rail (2) is wrapped between the elastic steel strip and the plate suspension rod (6); in the clamp at the lower end of the plate suspension rod (6), the upper half of the clamp is anchored with a hemispherical joint, and the lower end of the plate suspension rod (6) is inserted into the hemispherical head of the spherical joint.

6. A construction method for an assembled large-space curved ceiling, characterized by: The method is used to construct an assembled large-space curved ceiling as claimed in claim 4, and comprises the following steps: Step 1: Hang a safety net parallel to the bottom of the grid to form a construction platform, wherein the safety net is higher than the auxiliary slide rail (4) and the mesh size is large enough for the construction workers' hands to pass through; Step 2: Using a three-dimensional modeling method, obtain the dimensional data of the main slide rail (2), the auxiliary slide rail (4), the slide rail hanger (3), and the plate hanger (6), and cut the materials according to the dimensional data; Step 3: Install the slide rail hanger (3) and the main slide rail (2), adjust the position and posture of the main slide rail (2) to the designed value through the slide rail hanger (3), and then install the auxiliary slide rail (4); Step 4: Install the plate hanger (6) and the ceiling plate (5), and use the plate hanger (6) to adjust the position and posture of the ceiling plate (5) to the design value.

7. The construction method of an assembled large-space curved ceiling according to claim 6, characterized in that: Step 2 is as follows: measure and obtain the elevation and three-dimensional coordinates of the bottom of the node ball at the bottom of the grid, calculate the vertical distance between the rhombus vertex of each ceiling panel (5) and the node ball directly above it after the ceiling is installed, and perform three-dimensional modeling based on the measurement results and calculation results. The model includes the node ball and the entire ceiling. According to the modeling results, the size data of the main slide rail (2), the auxiliary slide rail (4), the slide rail hanger (3), and the plate hanger (6) are obtained, and the materials are cut according to the size data.

8. The construction method of a prefabricated large-space curved ceiling according to claim 7, characterized in that: Among the four rhombus vertices of the ceiling plate (5), the rhombus vertex with a node ball directly above the ceiling plate (5) after installation is completed is recorded as a positioning point, and the positioning point corresponds to the node ball directly above it; Step 4 is as follows: Step 4.1: Hang the ceiling panel (5) on the auxiliary slide rail (4) using the panel hanger (6), adjust the upper end position of the panel hanger (6) and adjust the position of the auxiliary slide rail (4) on the main slide rail (2) so that the positioning point close to the installed ceiling panel (5) is located directly below the corresponding node ball; Step 4.2: Adjust the elevation of the positioning point in step 4.1 by adjusting the plate hanger (6) up and down so that the vertical distance between the positioning point and its corresponding node ball is the value calculated in step 2; Step 4.3: Adjust the elevation of another positioning point of the ceiling plate (5) so that the vertical distance between it and the corresponding node ball is the value calculated in step 2; Step 4.4: Adjust the heights of the remaining two rhombus vertices so that the ceiling panel (5) fits the edge of the installed ceiling panel (5); Step 4.5: Lock the ball joints and clamps on each panel hanger (6) so that the position and posture of the ceiling panel (5) no longer change.

9. The construction method of an assembled large-space curved ceiling according to claim 6, characterized in that: If the three main slide rails (2) of the same splicing assembly line are not located in the same plane, resulting in the main slide rails (2) and the auxiliary slide rails (4) being staggered up and down, a staggered connecting rod (8) is used to connect the main slide rails (2) and the auxiliary slide rails (4) that are staggered up and down, and the staggered connecting rod (8) is connected to the main slide rail (2) and the auxiliary slide rail (4) respectively through a clamp, and the clamp is an elastic steel strip bent into a U shape, the opening of the U shape faces the plate hanger (6) and the two ends are passed through by the staggered connecting rod (8), and locking nuts are provided above and below the elastic steel strip.

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