A deep long blind hole detection device and method

Abstract

The application provides a deep blind hole detection device and method, which comprises a controller, an end face reference sleeve for contacting and positioning a workpiece to be detected, an optical axis connected with the end face reference sleeve and parallel to the central axis of the end face reference sleeve, a movable measuring disc slidingly connected with the optical axis, a first driving member for driving the movable measuring disc to slide along the optical axis, a first distance measuring assembly for measuring the spatial coordinates of the end face reference sleeve and the movable measuring disc, and a second distance measuring assembly for measuring the spatial coordinates of the measuring point. The deep blind hole detection device and method provided by the application can quickly measure the inner diameter of a deep blind hole without manual intervention, can be suitable for detecting deep blind holes of various sizes, and can greatly reduce the detection cost of deep blind holes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of internal hole size detection technology, and in particular to a device and method for detecting deep and long blind holes. Background Technology

[0002] Deep and long blind holes have a considerable depth and often require a change in diameter at the bottom, such as an inner conical surface. This necessitates high precision machining of the deep and long blind holes, requiring accurate measurements. However, due to the unique structure of deep and long blind holes, conventional internal diameter measuring tools, such as micrometers, are insufficient to reach deep into the hole for measurement.

[0003] Using a laser tracker to measure the inner diameter of deep, elongated blind holes is a commonly used method. When using a laser tracker, the target ball is first manually positioned on the surface of the workpiece to be measured. Then, the laser tracker collects the target ball's coordinates, and the inner diameter and geometric tolerances of the deep, elongated blind hole are calculated by fitting these coordinates.

[0004] However, in actual measurement, due to the structural characteristics of deep and long blind holes, manually placing the target ball inside is quite inconvenient, especially when measurements need to be taken deep inside the hole. Furthermore, manually placing the target ball also introduces significant errors, making it impossible to accurately acquire multiple coordinates on the same horizontal cross-section, resulting in a high error rate in the acquisition points and thus affecting the measurement results. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a deep and long blind hole measuring device to address the problem of inconvenient target ball placement and large errors when using a laser tracker for measurement.

[0006] The first aspect of this application provides a deep and long blind hole detection device, comprising:

[0007] An end face reference sleeve is used to contact the workpiece to be measured for positioning.

[0008] An optical axis is connected to the end face reference sleeve, and the optical axis is parallel to the central axis of the end face reference sleeve.

[0009] A movable measuring disk, which is slidably connected to the optical axis;

[0010] A first driving component drives the movable measuring disk to slide along the optical axis;

[0011] A first ranging component is used to determine the spatial coordinates of the end face reference sleeve and the moving measuring disk.

[0012] The second ranging component is disposed on the movable measuring disk to determine the measurement point of the workpiece to be measured according to the position of the movable measuring disk. The second ranging component is used to determine the spatial coordinates of the measurement point.

[0013] The controller is used to acquire the first spatial coordinates measured by the first ranging component, and determine the entry depth of the moving measuring disk in the workpiece to be measured based on the first spatial coordinates; acquire the second spatial coordinates measured by the second ranging component, and determine the inner diameter of the workpiece to be measured based on the first spatial coordinates and the second spatial coordinates.

[0014] Among them, at least one second ranging component is provided, and all second ranging components have at least three total measurement points within the same horizontal cross section.

[0015] In one possible design, the controller is specifically used for:

[0016] According to a preset threshold, the first driving component is controlled to move the moving measuring disk, and the first spatial coordinates measured by the first ranging component are received. The straight-line distance between the moving measuring disk and the end face reference sleeve is obtained according to the first spatial coordinates.

[0017] The straight-line distance is compared with the preset threshold until the straight-line distance is equal to the preset threshold, at which point the straight-line distance is marked as the entry depth.

[0018] The preset threshold is at least one, and for each preset threshold, the second ranging component acquires the corresponding second spatial coordinates.

[0019] In one possible design, the first ranging component includes a laser tracker, at least one first target ball disposed on the end face reference sleeve, and at least one second target ball disposed on the movable measuring disk. The laser tracker acquires the spatial coordinates of the first target ball and the second target ball. The controller is specifically used for:

[0020] The first spatial coordinates are obtained by the laser tracker, and the first spatial coordinates include the spatial coordinates of the first target ball and the spatial coordinates of the second target ball.

[0021] In one possible design, the second target ball includes a central target ball and at least two end-face target balls, the center of the end-face target balls and the center of the central target ball are in the same horizontal plane, and at least three first target balls are provided, and the centers of all the first target balls are in the same horizontal plane.

[0022] The second ranging component includes a telescopic target ball rod and a third target ball mounted on the telescopic target ball rod. The telescopic target ball rod includes a second driving member that drives the third target ball to move toward or away from the moving measuring disk.

[0023] The end face reference sleeve has a through groove in its middle section. The laser tracker emits a laser beam through the through groove onto the second target ball and the third target ball. The first target ball is located on the side of the end face reference sleeve away from the moving measuring disk. The controller is specifically used for:

[0024] Establish a first coordinate system based on the spatial coordinates of the first target ball;

[0025] A second coordinate system is established based on the spatial coordinates of the second target ball, wherein the origin of the first coordinate system is projected to coincide with the origin of the second coordinate system;

[0026] The straight-line distance is determined based on the origin coordinates of the first coordinate system and the second coordinate system;

[0027] If the straight-line distance is equal to the preset threshold, then the straight-line distance is marked as the entry depth;

[0028] The second driving component is controlled to move the third target ball until the third target ball contacts the inner wall of the workpiece to be tested to form a measurement point;

[0029] Obtain the second spatial coordinates.

[0030] In one possible design, the telescopic target ball rod further includes a measuring rod connected to the second driving member. The measuring rod has a mounting groove at its end away from the movable measuring disk. The third target ball is located at the open end of the mounting groove. A compression spring is provided between the mounting groove and the third target ball. An arc-shaped groove coinciding with the movement trajectory of the third target ball is provided on the mounting groove. The third target ball slides along the arc-shaped groove. A pressure sensor for detecting the pressure on the compression spring is also provided within the mounting groove. The controller is specifically used for:

[0031] The second drive unit is controlled to push the measuring rod to move away from the moving measuring disk;

[0032] The pressure value is obtained through the pressure sensor;

[0033] If the pressure value is equal to or greater than the preset pressure threshold, then the contact point between the third target ball and the workpiece under test at this time is taken as the measurement point.

[0034] In one possible design, at least three positioning rods are slidably mounted on the movable measuring disk. Each positioning rod is connected to a third driving component that synchronously moves all the positioning rods toward or away from the workpiece being measured. The controller is specifically used for:

[0035] When the straight-line distance is equal to the preset threshold, the third driving component is controlled to move the positioning rod until the positioning rod contacts the inner wall of the workpiece to be tested.

[0036] In one possible design, the end of the positioning rod that contacts the workpiece to be measured is provided with a ball bearing.

[0037] In one possible design, the end face reference sleeve includes an indexing flange and an end face reference flange sleeved on the outside of the indexing flange. The optical axis is mounted on the end face reference flange. The indexing flange is provided with fastening screw holes for engaging screws to lock the indexing flange to the workpiece to be measured. At least one indexing key is also provided on the outer circumferential surface of the indexing flange. The end face reference flange is provided with a first keyway that engages with the indexing key.

[0038] In one possible design, the indexing flange is provided with an anti-disengagement key, and the end face reference flange is provided with a second keyway that mates with the anti-disengagement key and an annular groove that communicates with the second keyway. The anti-disengagement key enters or leaves the annular groove along the second keyway, and the anti-disengagement key is slidably connected to the annular groove. The anti-disengagement key has a first state and a second state within the annular groove. In the first state, the anti-disengagement key abuts against the end of the annular groove near the second keyway, and the indexing key is disengaged from the first keyway. In the second state, the anti-disengagement key abuts against the end of the annular groove away from the second keyway, and the indexing key is inserted into the first keyway.

[0039] A second aspect of this application provides a method for detecting deep and long blind holes, applied in the deep and long blind hole detection device described in any one of the first aspects, the detection method comprising the following steps:

[0040] At least one set of first spatial coordinates is obtained through the first ranging component; and second spatial coordinates corresponding to the first spatial coordinates are obtained through the second ranging component.

[0041] The depth of the moving measuring disk within the workpiece to be measured is determined based on the first spatial coordinates.

[0042] Based on the first spatial coordinates and the second spatial coordinates corresponding to the first spatial coordinates, the inner diameter of the workpiece to be tested corresponding to the entry depth is determined.

[0043] The deep and long blind hole detection device and method provided in this application include an end face reference sleeve, an optical axis, a moving measuring disk, a first driving component, a first ranging component, a second ranging component, and a controller. When detecting a deep and long blind hole, the end face reference sleeve fixes the detection device to form a reference. The first driving component moves the moving measuring disk. The first ranging component measures the spatial coordinates of the moving measuring disk and the end face reference sleeve. The controller then obtains the relative distance between the moving measuring disk and the end face reference sleeve, thereby determining the entry depth of the moving measuring disk into the workpiece to be measured. At this point, the second ranging component determines the measurement point for measuring the workpiece at this entry depth. The second ranging component obtains the spatial coordinates of the measurement point. Based on the obtained spatial coordinates of the measurement point, the controller obtains the inner diameter of the workpiece at this entry depth, thus automatically completing the detection of the inner diameter of the deep and long blind hole. The entire process requires no manual intervention, simplifying the detection process and improving detection accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0044] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the workpiece to be tested;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the deep and long blind hole detection device provided in the embodiments of this application, showing its usage state.

[0047] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the deep and long blind hole detection device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0048] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the end face reference sleeve structure of the deep and long blind hole detection device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0049] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the moving measuring disk structure of the deep and long blind hole detection device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0050] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the telescopic target rod of the deep and long blind hole detection device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0051] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the detection points of the deep and long blind hole detection device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0052] Figure 8 A possible structural schematic diagram of the deep and long blind hole detection device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0053] Figure 9A schematic diagram illustrating the first method for calculating the radius of the generatrix arc.

[0054] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the second method for calculating the radius of the busbar arc.

[0055] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0056] 100-Workpiece to be measured, 200-End face reference sleeve, 201-End face reference flange, 202-Indexing flange, 203-Indexing key, 204-First keyway, 205-Second keyway, 206-Annular groove, 207-Anti-disengagement key, 300-Moving measuring disk, 301-Positioning rod, 302-Ball bearing, 303-Third driving component, 400-Fixed frame, 500-Optical axis, 600-First driving component, 701-First target ball, 702-Center target ball, 703-End face target ball, 800-Point laser rangefinder, 900-Telescopic target ball rod, 901-Third target ball, 902-Compression spring, 903-Measuring rod, 904-Pressure sensor, 905-Second driving component.

[0057] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0058] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0059] The detection of deep, long blind holes has always been a major challenge. Figure 1 Taking the workpiece shown as an example, its internal hole depth reaches 1.5m, the length-to-diameter ratio reaches 50:1, and the tolerance grade reaches level 7. It is necessary to measure the hole diameter at different depths, as well as the straightness of the hole shaft. In summary, this hole is characterized by its large depth and high precision requirements. Obviously, conventional methods such as micrometers are difficult to use to penetrate into the hole for measurement.

[0060] for Figure 1 For deep, elongated blind holes of similar dimensions, the following two methods are commonly used for measurement:

[0061] One method involves inspection using a large coordinate measuring machine. This method requires a specially designed extended measuring arm tailored to the actual dimensions of the workpiece. In other words, each part needs a dedicated inspection device, which has poor applicability and leads to a significant increase in inspection costs.

[0062] One method of inspection uses laser interferometric ranging technology, such as a laser tracker. However, this method requires manual positioning of the target ball onto the surface of the workpiece, i.e., manually determining the measurement point. Manually placing the target ball into deep holes is inconvenient, as it's difficult to reach the bottom and inspect areas near the bottom. Furthermore, the inspection requires collecting multiple coordinate points on the same cross-section for fitting calculations, demanding precise positioning of the measurement points. Manual placement inevitably introduces errors, making it difficult to meet inspection requirements. Additionally, the large number of coordinate points required for inspection, combined with manual target ball placement, results in extremely low inspection efficiency. These drawbacks significantly limit the application of laser interferometric ranging technology in the inspection of deep, long, blind holes.

[0063] Clearly, laser interferometric ranging technology is more adaptable and cheaper than large coordinate measuring machines, but its shortcomings, such as low accuracy and low efficiency, cannot be ignored.

[0064] To address the aforementioned problems encountered when using laser interferometric ranging technology to detect deep and long blind holes, this application provides a deep and long blind hole detection device, comprising an end face reference sleeve, an optical axis, a movable measuring disk, a first driving component, a first ranging component, and a second ranging component. The end face reference sleeve connects to the workpiece to be measured, fixing the relative position between the workpiece and the detection device. The first driving component adjusts the depth to which the movable measuring disk enters the workpiece. The second ranging component measures the dimensions of the workpiece at different depths, thereby achieving the purpose of detecting the inner diameter and geometric tolerances of the deep and long blind hole. The inner diameter of the deep and long blind hole mentioned in this application includes both the blind hole diameter and the radius of the generatrix of the inner arc of the blind hole.

[0065] The technical solution of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and several specific embodiments. It is understood that the following embodiments can be combined or used individually.

[0066] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a deep and long blind hole detection device, including an end face reference sleeve 200, an optical axis 500, a moving measuring disk 300, a first driving component 600, a first ranging component, a second ranging component, and a controller.

[0067] The end face reference sleeve 200 is mainly used as a load-bearing and positioning component. When in use, it is connected to the workpiece 100 to be tested to limit the relative position between the workpiece 100 and the testing device, thereby ensuring the stability of the test data.

[0068] The optical axis 500 is fixed on the end face reference sleeve 200 and remains parallel to the axis of the deep and long blind hole when it extends into the deep and long blind hole.

[0069] The movable measuring disk 300 is slidably connected to the optical axis 500, meaning it can reciprocate along the optical axis 500 to adjust its depth inside the workpiece 100 to be measured.

[0070] The first driving component 600 is connected to the movable measuring disk 300 and provides the power for the movable measuring disk 300 to slide along the optical axis 500.

[0071] The first ranging component is used to determine the spatial coordinates of the end face reference sleeve 200 and the moving measuring disk 300, while the second ranging component is used to determine the measurement point of the workpiece 100 to be measured and obtain the spatial coordinates of the measurement point. Both the first and second ranging components utilize the principle of laser interferometry for measurement. For example, the first ranging component can use the principle of laser interferometry to determine the center position of the end face reference sleeve 200, and using the center position of the end face reference sleeve 200 as a reference point, determine the center position of the moving measuring disk 300. The second ranging component can use the principle of laser interferometry to determine the position of the measurement point, such as the position of the measurement point relative to the moving measuring disk 300.

[0072] The controller acquires the first spatial coordinates (the spatial coordinates of the end face reference sleeve 200 and the spatial coordinates of the moving measuring disk 300) measured by the first ranging component, and determines the entry depth of the moving measuring disk 300 into the workpiece 100 to be measured (using the position of the end face reference sleeve 200 as a reference) based on the first spatial coordinates. It also acquires the second spatial coordinates (the spatial coordinates of the measurement point) measured by the second ranging component, and determines the radius of the arc inside the workpiece 100 to be measured based on the first and second spatial coordinates. For inner diameter measurement, at least three points on the circumference need to be measured to roughly fit the center of the circle and determine the inner diameter. Therefore, the second ranging component must be able to determine the positions of at least three points within the same cross-section of the circle or arc to be measured. This can be calculated using the following method:

[0073] For three points on the same circumference, whose coordinates in the same coordinate system are (x1, y1), (x2, y2), and (x3, y3), and assuming the center of the circle is (x0, y0) and the radius of the circle is R, the following equation can be written:

[0074]

[0075] Based on this principle, for the inner diameter of a blind hole as... Figure 1The ΦA, φC, and φD shown can be used to calculate the radius directly from the spatial coordinates of the measuring points on the same horizontal cross section.

[0076] As for the radius R of the generatrix arc, such as Figure 1 Ra in the equation can be calculated according to the following principle:

[0077] Method 1: Move the measuring disk to the arc segment to be measured, select three different entry depths (h1, h2, h3), and for each depth, fit the spatial coordinates of three measuring points using the method described above to obtain the radii (r1, r2, r3) of the three circles corresponding to the three entry depths. Figure 9 As shown, a reference plane is established with the rotation center axis of the workpiece to be measured. The intersection points of the three circles with this reference plane are (x1, y1), (x2, y2), and (x3, y3). Assuming the center coordinates of the generatrix arc are (x0, y0), the following equation can be obtained:

[0078]

[0079] The radius R of the busbar arc can be obtained by converting the above equation.

[0080] The second type: such as Figure 10 As shown, the radii of the three circles obtained by the first method are used as the vertical axis, and the centerline of the workpiece to be measured is used as the horizontal axis. Connect any two endpoints of the vertical axis to form two sets of chords of the arc to be measured. Draw the perpendicular bisector of the chords, and the intersection of the chords is the center of the arc to be measured. The distance from the center of the arc to the endpoint of any radius axis is the radius R of the generatrix arc.

[0081] When inspecting the workpiece 100, the optical axis 500 is first inserted into the hole of the workpiece 100, and then the end face reference sleeve 200 is fixed on the workpiece 100. According to the desired position, the first driving component 600 is moved, thereby moving the moving measuring disk 300. After reaching the designated position, the first ranging component measures the first spatial coordinates and sends them to the controller. The controller performs fitting calculations to obtain the actual entry depth of the moving measuring disk 300 into the workpiece 100. Based on the actual entry depth, it is determined whether the position of the moving measuring disk 300 needs further adjustment. After the position of the moving measuring disk 300 is determined, the second ranging component measures the second spatial coordinates and sends them to the controller. The controller performs data fitting to obtain the inner diameter of the workpiece 100 at the current entry depth. Subsequently, the above steps are repeated to measure the inner diameter corresponding to multiple desired entry depths, thereby achieving rapid inspection of the workpiece 100 without manual operation, significantly improving inspection efficiency. It can adapt to the measurement of workpieces of various sizes, has a wide range of applications, and its simple structure helps reduce inspection costs.

[0082] Specifically, the first driving component 600 can be configured as a combination of a motor and a lead screw. The motor is fixed on the end face reference sleeve 200, and the lead screw is connected to the output shaft of the motor and driven to rotate by the motor. The lead screw is parallel to the optical axis 500. The movable measuring disk 300 is threadedly connected to the lead screw. When the lead screw rotates, the movable measuring disk 300 is restricted by the optical axis 500 and cannot rotate synchronously with it. It can only move up and down along the optical axis 500, thereby realizing the adjustment of the position of the movable measuring disk 300.

[0083] Two optical axes 500 can be provided, forming a stable triangular structure with the lead screw. Both axes are equidistant from the central axis of the moving measuring disk 300, guiding and positioning the moving measuring disk 300 and preventing it from tilting. Additionally, a fixing frame 400 can be provided at the end of the optical axis 500 furthest from the end face reference sleeve 200, connecting the optical axis 500 to the lead screw. The lead screw and fixing frame 400 can be connected via rolling bearings, improving strength and limiting the movement of the moving measuring disk 300. The external dimensions of the fixing frame 400 must be slightly smaller than the minimum inner diameter of the workpiece 100 to prevent interference.

[0084] The first driving component 600 can also be an electric push rod, hydraulic push rod, cylinder, or other driving component, or a combination of sprockets, chains, etc., as long as it can drive the moving measuring disk 300 to move along the optical axis 500.

[0085] To improve the ease of detection, the controller can operate as follows:

[0086] According to the preset threshold, the first driving component 600 is controlled to drive the moving measuring disk 300 to move, receive the first spatial coordinates measured by the first ranging component, and obtain the straight distance between the moving measuring disk 300 and the end face reference sleeve 200 according to the first spatial coordinates.

[0087] The straight-line distance is compared with a preset threshold. If the straight-line distance is not equal to the preset threshold, the first driving component 600 is controlled to move the moving measuring disk 300 to readjust the position of the moving measuring disk 300 until the measured straight-line distance is equal to the preset threshold. Then the straight-line distance is marked as the entry depth.

[0088] The second spatial coordinates of the measurement point are obtained through the second ranging component.

[0089] Among them, there is at least one preset threshold, and for each preset threshold, the second ranging component obtains the corresponding second spatial coordinates.

[0090] As a specific implementation of the first ranging component, the first ranging component includes a laser tracker, at least one first target ball 701 disposed on the end face reference sleeve 200, and at least one second target ball disposed on the moving measuring disk 300. The laser tracker is used to obtain the spatial coordinates of the first target ball 701 and the second target ball. The controller can obtain the entry depth of the moving measuring disk 300 into the workpiece 100 to be measured based on the first spatial coordinates obtained by the laser tracker. Regardless of where the moving measuring disk 300 moves to, the entry depth is determined with the position of the first target ball 701 as a reference, and the reference standard is fixed.

[0091] The second target ball may include a central target ball 702 and at least two end-face target balls 703. The center of the end-face target ball 703 is in the same horizontal plane as the center of the central target ball 702. At least three first target balls 701 are provided, and the centers of all first target balls 701 are in the same horizontal plane.

[0092] Of course, at this time, a through groove is provided in the middle of the end face reference sleeve 200 so that the laser tracker can emit laser to the second target ball through the through groove and obtain the spatial coordinates of the second target ball. The first target ball 701 is set on the side of the end face reference sleeve 200 away from the moving measuring disk 300 so as to receive the laser emitted by the laser tracker.

[0093] A plane can be defined by three points. Multiple first target balls 701 can be set, and a first coordinate system can be established by fitting the spatial coordinates of the first target balls 701. Multiple second target balls can be set, with the central target ball 702 as the origin, and the plane of the moving measuring disk 300 determined by the end face target ball 703. The axis is then calibrated to establish a second coordinate system. The origin projection of the first coordinate system coincides with the origin of the second coordinate system; that is, the second coordinate system can be obtained by translating the first coordinate system vertically. For ease of positioning, the end face reference sleeve 200 can be aligned with the central axis of the moving measuring disk 300, and the first target balls 701 can be set on the same circumferential surface. When using the testing device, this standard can be used to adjust the installation of the testing device, effectively improving the testing accuracy and accurately obtaining the inner diameter value, roundness, coaxiality, and other corresponding geometric tolerances of the workpiece 100.

[0094] As a specific implementation of the second ranging component, such as Figure 8 As shown, the second ranging component can be a point laser rangefinder 800. The measuring point measured by the point laser rangefinder 800 is in the same horizontal plane as the center of the second target ball. The spatial coordinates of the measuring point in the second coordinate system can be obtained by measuring the value of the point laser rangefinder 800. Thus, the inner diameter of the workpiece 100 to be measured corresponding to the depth of entry can be obtained by fitting calculation.

[0095] For another specific implementation of the second ranging component, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 5 As shown, the second ranging component includes a telescopic target rod 900 and a third target ball 901 mounted on the telescopic target rod 900. The telescopic target rod 900 includes a second drive member 905 that drives the third target ball 901 to move toward or away from the moving measuring disk 300.

[0096] When the moving measuring disk 300 moves to the specified entry depth, the second driving component 905 drives the third target ball 901 to move away from the moving measuring disk 300 until the third target ball 901 contacts the inner wall of the workpiece 100 to be measured. The contact point is the measurement point. The laser tracker emits a laser through the through slot to the third target ball 901 and determines the spatial coordinates of the measurement point.

[0097] Specifically, please see Figure 6 As shown, the telescopic target ball rod 900 also includes a measuring rod 903 connected to the second driving member 905. The measuring rod 903 has a mounting groove at the end away from the moving measuring disk 300. The third target ball 901 is located at the open end of the mounting groove. A compression spring 902 is provided between the mounting groove and the third target ball 901. An arc-shaped groove is provided on the mounting groove that coincides with the moving trajectory of the third target ball 901. The third target ball 901 slides along the arc-shaped groove. A pressure sensor 904 is also provided in the mounting groove to detect the pressure on the compression spring 902. When no external force is applied, the third target ball 901 moves to the outermost edge of the mounting groove under the push of the compression spring 902. When the third target ball 901 contacts the workpiece 100 to be measured, as the third driving member 303 continues to push, the third target ball 901 gradually moves inward along the arc-shaped groove, compressing the compression spring 902. This causes the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 904 to gradually increase. When the detected pressure rises to a certain value, the third driving member 303 closes, thus ensuring effective contact between the third target ball 901 and the workpiece 100 to be measured, and determining the measurement point. In addition, due to the existence of the arc-shaped groove, the third target ball 901 can only move back and forth along the arc-shaped groove and cannot rotate, ensuring that the prism on the third target ball 901 will not flip.

[0098] The second ranging component allows the third target ball 901 to be used alternately with the point laser rangefinder 800. That is, the telescopic target ball 900 is configured to be detachably connected to the moving measuring disk 300, for example, by a threaded connection. When the detection accuracy requirement is low, such as when measuring a workpiece blank or after rough machining, the telescopic target ball 900 can be removed and the point laser rangefinder 800 can be installed. When the detection accuracy requirement is high, the point laser rangefinder 800 can be removed and the telescopic target ball 900 can be installed for detection.

[0099] The second driving component 905 can be a telescopic electric cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, or a combination of motor, gear, and rack, as long as it can drive the measuring rod 903 to move.

[0100] Of course, when the detection accuracy requirement is not high, the first ranging component can also directly use a point laser rangefinder 800. That is, a point laser rangefinder 800 can be directly installed on the end face reference sleeve 200. The installation position of the point laser rangefinder 800 is taken as the origin, that is, the spatial coordinates of the end face reference sleeve 200. By measuring the spatial coordinates of the moving measuring disk 300 based on the origin through the point laser rangefinder 800, the entry depth of the moving measuring disk 300 into the workpiece 100 to be measured can be obtained.

[0101] Based on the above embodiments, at least three positioning rods 301 are slidably arranged on the movable measuring disk 300. Each positioning rod 301 is connected to a third driving member 303, which drives all positioning rods 301 to move synchronously towards or away from the workpiece 100 to be measured. During the testing process, the third driving member 303 can drive the positioning rods 301 to abut against the inner wall of the workpiece 100, allowing the movable measuring disk 300 to self-center within the hole of the workpiece 100. Simultaneously, the positioning rods 301 also serve as auxiliary supports, increasing rigidity. Furthermore, ball bearings 302 can be provided on the side of the positioning rods 301 that contact the workpiece 100. When the workpiece 100 contacts the positioning rods 301, the contact between the movable measuring disk 300 and the workpiece 100 during measurement is a point contact positioning, preventing over-positioning. The ball bearings 302 can reduce friction, providing a certain degree of protection for the workpiece 100.

[0102] The third driving component 303 may include a chuck, a bevel gear, a rack, and a motor. The output shaft of the motor is connected to the bevel gear to drive its rotation. One side of the chuck has teeth that mesh with the bevel gear, and the other side has a flat thread. The rack meshes with the flat thread, and each rack is connected to a positioning rod 301. Alternatively, a slot can be provided on the moving measuring disk 300. The slot meshes with the movement trajectory of the rack. When the motor rotates, it drives the bevel gear to rotate, thereby driving the chuck to rotate. The rack, restricted by the slot, cannot rotate with the chuck but can only move back and forth along the slot when the chuck rotates, thus pushing the positioning rod 301 to move closer to or away from the moving measuring disk 300. Of course, the third driving component 303 can also have other structures, as long as it can drive all the positioning rods 301 to move synchronously towards or away from the moving measuring disk 300.

[0103] When measuring the inner diameter of the workpiece to be measured by 100, if one measuring point corresponds to one second ranging component, then at least three second ranging components need to be set up for detection.

[0104] In actual testing, to improve accuracy, it is generally recommended to measure more than 10 points to fit the data and determine the dimensions of the workpiece 100. Therefore, the second ranging component can be rotated relative to the end face reference sleeve 200, meaning it can move inside the workpiece 100 without changing the positioning reference. This allows one second ranging component to measure multiple points. The number of second ranging components can be arbitrary, such as 1, 2, 3, 6, etc., depending on actual requirements.

[0105] In this regard, based on the above embodiments, please refer to Figure 4 As shown, the end face reference sleeve 200 can include an indexing flange 202 and an end face reference flange 201 sleeved on the outside of the indexing flange 202. That is, the end face reference flange 201 and the indexing flange 202 can be rotated or separated. The optical shaft 500 is installed on the end face reference flange 201. The lead screw, motor, etc. can also be installed on the end face reference flange 201. The indexing flange 202 is provided with fastening screw holes. The fastening screw holes are used to lock the indexing flange 202 and the workpiece 100 to be measured with screws, so as to fix the relative position of the detection device and the workpiece 100 to be measured. At least one indexing key 203 is also provided on the outer circumferential surface of the indexing flange 202. The end face reference flange 201 is provided with a first keyway 204 that mates with the indexing key 203.

[0106] The indexing flange 202 needs to be fitted onto the workpiece 100 to be measured. Its inner diameter should preferably be the same as the outer diameter of the workpiece 100 to ensure that the workpiece 100 is concentric with the moving measuring plate 300. After the indexing flange 202 is connected to the workpiece 100, the screws can be directly screwed into the fastening screw holes to fix the indexing flange 202, so as to prevent the indexing flange 202 from separating from the workpiece 100 or from moving relative to it.

[0107] In use, by disengaging the indexing key 203 from the first keyway 204, the end face reference flange 201 can be rotated relative to the indexing flange 202, causing the movable measuring disk 300 to rotate. This, in turn, rotates the second ranging component mounted on the movable measuring disk 300, allowing one second ranging component to determine the spatial coordinates of multiple measuring points within the same horizontal cross-section. Correspondingly, multiple first keyways 204 can be provided. After rotating a certain angle, the indexing key 203 can change the first keyway 204 it engages with, thereby restricting the relative position between the end face reference flange 201 and the indexing flange 202.

[0108] To prevent the end face reference flange 201 from detaching from the indexing flange 202 when rotating the end face reference flange 201, thus affecting positioning, this embodiment provides an anti-detachment key 207 on the indexing flange 202. The end face reference flange 201 is provided with a second keyway 205 that mates with the anti-detachment key 207 and an annular groove 206 that communicates with the second keyway 205. Both the second keyway 205 and the annular groove 206 are located on the contact side between the end face reference flange 201 and the indexing flange 202. The anti-detachment key 207 enters or leaves the annular groove 206 along the second keyway 205, and the anti-detachment key 207 is slidably connected to the annular groove 206, allowing it to move up and down or rotate within the annular groove 206.

[0109] Specifically, the anti-disengagement key 207 has a first state and a second state within the annular groove 206. When the anti-disengagement key 207 is in the first state, it is acceptable for the anti-disengagement key 207 to abut against or not abut against the end of the annular groove 206 near the second keyway 205, as long as the anti-disengagement key 207 is within the annular groove 206 and the indexing key 203 is disengaged from the first keyway 204. At this time, the end face reference flange 201 can be freely rotated, causing the end face reference flange 201 to drive the moving measuring disk 300 to rotate synchronously to change the measuring point, thereby obtaining the spatial coordinates of multiple measuring points within the same horizontal section for fitting calculation and improving the detection accuracy. When the anti-disengagement key 207 is in the second state, the anti-disengagement key 207 and the end of the annular groove 206 away from the second keyway 205 can be either abutted or not abutted. The indexing key 203 is fully inserted into the first keyway 204. At this time, the indexing key 203 restricts the relative position of the end face reference flange 201 and the indexing flange 202, thereby fixing the position of the moving measuring disk 300 so as to obtain the spatial coordinates of the newly determined measuring point.

[0110] The number of indexing keys 203 and first keyways 204 can be set according to measurement requirements. For example, 10 indexing keys 203 can be evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the indexing flange 202, and 10 second keyways 205 can be correspondingly arranged in the circumferential direction of the end face reference flange 201. In this way, each rotation of the indexing key 203 can achieve an indexing of 36°.

[0111] The method for detecting the size of a blind hole using the aforementioned deep and long blind hole detection device is as follows:

[0112] Obtain the first spatial coordinates determined by the first ranging component;

[0113] The depth of the moving measuring disk 300 within the workpiece 100 to be measured is determined based on the first spatial coordinates.

[0114] After the moving measuring disk 300 reaches the specified entry depth, the second spatial coordinates determined by the second ranging component are acquired;

[0115] The inner diameter value of the workpiece 100 to be measured at the corresponding depth is determined based on the second spatial coordinates.

[0116] For a workpiece 100 to be tested, such as Figure 7 As shown, multiple entry depths can be determined as needed, and data can be collected multiple times according to the above steps based on the entry depth to obtain the corresponding inner diameter value, thereby detecting the roundness, coaxiality and other form and position tolerances of the workpiece 100 to be tested.

[0117] Specifically, you can follow these steps:

[0118] Insert the optical axis 500 into the workpiece 100 to be tested, and put the indexing flange 202 on the outside of the workpiece 100 to be tested. Tighten the indexing flange 202 and the workpiece 100 to be tested with screws.

[0119] Input at least one entry depth value as a preset threshold;

[0120] The laser tracker acquires the spatial coordinates of the first target sphere 701;

[0121] Please see Figure 8 As shown, a first coordinate system O is established based on the spatial coordinates of the first target ball 701, and the first coordinate system O is used as the reference coordinate system.

[0122] The first driving component 600 drives the moving measuring disk 300 to move according to a preset threshold. After the moving measuring disk 300 reaches the specified depth, the laser tracker obtains the spatial coordinates of the second target ball.

[0123] Establish a coordinate system O' based on the spatial coordinates of the second target ball, and obtain the distance L1 of OO';

[0124] If L1 is equal to the preset threshold, the third driving member 303 drives the positioning rod 301 to extend until it contacts the inner wall of the workpiece 100 to be tested.

[0125] The second driving component 905 drives the measuring rod 903 to move, so that the third target ball 901 contacts the workpiece 100 to be measured to form a measuring point;

[0126] The laser tracker acquires the spatial coordinates of the third target sphere 901;

[0127] The second drive component 905 and the third drive component 303 drive the third target ball 901 and the positioning rod 301 to retract;

[0128] If additional measurement points are required, rotate the end face reference flange 201 by a certain angle to change the measurement points, and then perform the measurement again according to the above steps.

[0129] When there are multiple preset thresholds, the measurements can be performed sequentially according to the above steps, either from largest to smallest or from smallest to largest.

[0130] After the measurement is completed, the measurement data is fitted to obtain the inner diameter value of the workpiece 100 to be measured, and the roundness, coaxiality and other geometric tolerances of the workpiece 100 to be measured can be obtained based on the measured inner diameter value.

[0131] Other embodiments of this application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this application are indicated by the following claims.

[0132] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A deep long blind via inspection apparatus, characterized by, The utility model relates to a kind of end face reference sleeve (200) and its measurement method, comprising: End face reference sleeve (200) is used to contact with the workpiece (100) to be measured and is positioned; Optical axis (500) is connected with the end face reference sleeve (200), and the optical axis (500) is parallel with the central axis of the end face reference sleeve (200); Mobile measuring disc (300) is slidably connected with the optical axis (500); First driving member (600) drives the mobile measuring disc (300) to slide along the optical axis (500); First distance measuring assembly is used to determine the spatial coordinates of the end face reference sleeve (200), the mobile measuring disc (300); Second distance measuring assembly is arranged on the mobile measuring disc (300) to determine the measurement point of the workpiece (100) to be measured according to the position of the mobile measuring disc (300), and the second distance measuring assembly is used to determine the spatial coordinates of the measurement point; Controller is used to obtain the first spatial coordinates determined by the first distance measuring assembly, and determine the depth of entry of the mobile measuring disc (300) in the workpiece (100) to be measured according to the first spatial coordinates, obtain the second spatial coordinates determined by the second distance measuring assembly, and determine the inner diameter of the workpiece (100) to be measured according to the first spatial coordinates and the second spatial coordinates; Wherein, the second distance measuring assembly is at least provided with one, and the total measurement point of all the second distance measuring assemblies in the same horizontal section is at least 3; Also include controller, the controller is specifically used to: According to the preset threshold value, control the first driving member (600) drives the mobile measuring disc (300) to move, receive the first spatial coordinates determined by the first distance measuring assembly, and obtain the straight-line distance between the mobile measuring disc (300) and the end face reference sleeve (200) according to the first spatial coordinates; The straight-line distance is compared with the preset threshold value, until the straight-line distance is equal to the preset threshold value, the straight-line distance is marked as the depth of entry; Wherein, the preset threshold value is at least one, and for each preset threshold value, the second distance measuring assembly obtains corresponding second spatial coordinates; The first distance measuring assembly includes laser tracker, at least one first target ball (701) arranged on the end face reference sleeve (200), at least one second target ball arranged on the mobile measuring disc (300), the laser tracker obtains the spatial coordinates of the first target ball (701) and the second target ball, and the controller is specifically used to: The first spatial coordinates are obtained by the laser tracker, and the first spatial coordinates include the spatial coordinates of the first target ball (701) and the spatial coordinates of the second target ball.

2. The deep long blind via inspection apparatus of claim 1, wherein The second target ball includes a center target ball (702) and at least two end face target balls (703), the centers of the end face target balls (703) are in the same horizontal plane as the center of the center target ball (702), the first target ball (701) is provided with at least three, and the centers of all the first target balls (701) are in the same horizontal plane; The second distance measuring assembly includes a telescopic target ball rod (900) and a third target ball (901) mounted on the telescopic target ball rod (900), the telescopic target ball rod (900) includes a second driving member (905) for driving the third target ball (901) to move towards or away from the mobile measuring disc (300); The end face reference sleeve (200) is provided with a through slot in the middle of the end face reference sleeve (200), the laser tracker emits laser to the second target ball and the third target ball (901) through the through slot, the first target ball (701) is arranged on the side of the end face reference sleeve (200) away from the mobile measuring disc (300), and the controller is specifically used for: establishing a first coordinate system according to the spatial coordinates of the first target ball (701); establishing a second coordinate system according to the spatial coordinates of the second target ball, wherein the origin projection of the first coordinate system coincides with the origin of the second coordinate system; determining the straight line distance according to the origin coordinates of the first coordinate system and the second coordinate system; if the straight line distance is equal to the preset threshold value, marking the straight line distance as the entering depth; controlling the second driving member (905) to drive the third target ball (901) to move until the third target ball (901) contacts the inner wall of the workpiece (100) to form a measuring point; obtaining the second spatial coordinates.

3. The deep long blind via inspection apparatus of claim 2, wherein The telescopic target ball rod (900) further includes a measuring rod (903) connected with the second driving member (905), the measuring rod (903) is provided with a mounting groove at the end away from the mobile measuring disc (300), the third target ball (901) is located at the opening end of the mounting groove, a compression spring (902) is arranged between the mounting groove and the third target ball (901), an arc-shaped groove coinciding with the moving track of the third target ball (901) is arranged on the mounting groove, the third target ball (901) slides along the arc-shaped groove, a pressure sensor (904) for detecting the pressure borne by the compression spring (902) is further arranged in the mounting groove, and the controller is specifically used for: controlling the second driving member (905) to push the measuring rod (903) to move away from the mobile measuring disc (300); obtaining a pressure value through the pressure sensor (904); if the pressure value is equal to or greater than a preset pressure threshold value, taking the contact point between the third target ball (901) and the workpiece (100) at this time as a measuring point.

4. The deep long blind via inspection apparatus of claim 3, wherein The mobile measuring disc (300) is provided with at least three positioning rods (301) slidingly arranged thereon, the positioning rods (301) are connected with a third driving member (303) for driving all the positioning rods (301) to move synchronously towards the direction close to or away from the workpiece (100) to be measured, and the controller is specifically used for: When the straight-line distance is equal to the preset threshold value, the third driving member (303) is controlled to drive the positioning rods (301) to move until the positioning rods (301) are in contact with the inner wall of the workpiece (100) to be measured.

5. The deep long blind via inspection apparatus of claim 4, wherein, The end of the positioning rod (301) in contact with the workpiece (100) to be measured is provided with a ball (302).

6. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-5, wherein, The end face reference sleeve (200) comprises a dividing flange (202) and an end face reference flange (201) sleeved outside the dividing flange (202), the optical axis (500) is mounted on the end face reference flange (201), the dividing flange (202) is provided with a fastening screw hole, the fastening screw hole is used for locking the dividing flange (202) and the workpiece (100) to be measured by cooperating with a screw, and at least one dividing key (203) is further arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the dividing flange (202). The end face reference flange (201) is provided with a first key groove (204) matched with the dividing key (203).

7. The deep long blind via inspection apparatus of claim 6, wherein The dividing flange (202) is provided with an anti-disengagement key (207), the end face reference flange (201) is provided with a second key groove (205) matched with the anti-disengagement key (207) and an annular groove (206) in communication with the second key groove (205), the anti-disengagement key (207) enters or exits the annular groove (206) along the second key groove (205), and the anti-disengagement key (207) is in sliding connection with the annular groove (206), the anti-disengagement key (207) has a first state and a second state in the annular groove (206), in the first state, the anti-disengagement key (207) abuts against one end of the annular groove (206) close to the second key groove (205), and the dividing key (203) is disengaged from the first key groove (204); in the second state, the anti-disengagement key (207) abuts against one end of the annular groove (206) away from the second key groove (205), and the dividing key (203) is inserted into the first key groove (204).

8. A method for detecting deep and long blind holes, characterized in that, The detection method is applied to the deep and long blind hole detection device of any one of claims 1-7, and the detection method comprises the following steps: At least one group of first space coordinates is acquired through the first distance measuring assembly; and second space coordinates corresponding to the first space coordinates are acquired through the second distance measuring assembly; The entering depth of the mobile measuring disc (300) in the workpiece (100) to be measured is determined according to the first space coordinates; The inner diameter of the workpiece (100) to be measured is determined according to the first space coordinates and the second space coordinates.

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